Spotlight Video: Rise of Industry Vocab:

› Gross National Product› Laissez-Faire› Entrepreneur

People/Events› Alexander Graham Bell› Thomas Alva Edison› Morrill Tariff

American business & industry grew fast after the Civil War.

Industrialization changed the way people lived and worked. How?

By the late 1800’s, America was leading industrial country.

By 1914, nations Gross National Product—total value of all goods and services that a country produces—was 8 times more than it was in 1865.

NATURAL RESOURCES

United States

Becomes an

Industrial Nation

The United States had a lot of raw materials & lots of natural resources.› i.e. tin, coal, lumber, copper, etc.

American companies could get these resources very cheap, making their business succeed.

People began using new resources (petroleum)

Edwin Drake drilled first oil well in Titusville, PA. › Natural resources map

NATURAL RESOURCES

United States

Becomes an

Industrial Nation

Human resources were as important as natural resources.

From 1860-1910, the population of the nation tripled.› Providing industry with lots of workers› Created a greater demand for the

consumer goods made by factories Why did population grow so much?

› Large families: more children survived› Flood of immigrants: better living

conditions & freedom.

NATURAL RESOURCES

United States

Becomes an

Industrial Nation

LARGE WORKFORCE

NEW INVENTIONS

Bell & the Telephone› 1874: suggested idea of telephone to his

assistant› 1876: succeeded placed a call to the next

room “Come here, Watson. I want you.”

› Revolutionized business & personal communication

› 1877: organized Bell Telephone Company which later became American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT & T).

Edison, Westinghouse, & Electricity› Thomas Alva Edison: leading pioneer in

new technology. Created almost monthly & by the time he

died, held more than 1,000 patents! First success was with the phonograph

› 1878: Edison perfected the electric generator and & the light bulb.

› 1882: Edison company began to supply electric power & formed Edison General Electric in 1889 (today: GE)

Westinghouse invented air brake system for trains.› Later applied to continuous braking system

of cars& trains› Also developed alternating current (AC)

system to distribute electricity. First to use hydroelectric power on

Niagara Falls to power streetcars in Buffalo, NY.

NATURAL RESOURCES

United States

Becomes an

Industrial Nation

LARGE WORKFORCE

Technology effected the way people lived in big and small ways.

Ice Machine=refrigerator=ability to ship & keep meat longer=reduced risk of food poisoning.

Textile Industry=automatic loom=cloth made faster & cheaper=standard sizes=large factories

Communications=telegraph cable laid across Atlantic ocean=instant contact between USA & Europe.

Laissez-faire economics promoted industrialization, but tariffs protected American companies from competition.› Laissez-faire: “let the people do as they

chose” Relies on supply and demand

Entrepreneurs: people who risk their $ to build & run businesses.

Morrill Tariff: passed by congress and tripled current tariffs. › Went against the idea of Laissez-faire.› Raise tariff on foreign goods, countries

did the dame to America.

NATURAL RESOURCES

United States

Becomes an

Industrial Nation

LARGE WORKFORCE

NEW INVENTIONS

FREE ENTERPRISE

Completed graphic organizer over 4 causes of industrialization.

How did oil production affect the American economy?

Did government policies help or hurt Industrialization at this time? Why? (2 points)

How did electric power affect economic development?