co capture and hydrogen production in igcc power … library/research/coal/energy systems... · 2...
TRANSCRIPT
CO2 Capture and Hydrogen Production in IGCC Power Plants
Gasification Technologies ConferenceOctober 5-8, 2008
October 8, 2008Doug Jack
VP Technology
Outline
• Introduction to Eltron Research & Development• Eltron’s Membrane System• IGCC – Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS)• Techno-Economic Comparative Modeling• Summary
October 8, 2008
Introduction to Eltron
• Eltron Research & Development Inc.– 60 patents (25 licensed)– Eltron Water Systems LLC
• Commercialization of water purification technologies– Continental Technologies LLC
• Design and fabrication of engineered systems and pilot plants
• Eltron Areas of Expertise– Energy: Fuels, Fuel Reforming, Membranes– Materials & Catalysts – Air and Water Purification– Chemicals & Chemical Processing
October 8, 2008
Program Objectives
• Develop H2/CO2 Separation System, whichDevelop H2/CO2 Separation System, which– Retains CO2 at coal gasifier pressures– Operates near water-gas shift conditions p g– Tolerates reasonably achievable levels of coal-
derived impuritiesD li H f i f l ll t bi– Delivers pure H2 for use in fuel cells, gas turbines, and hydrocarbon processing
– Is cost effective compared to alternative technologiesIs cost effective compared to alternative technologies for carbon capture
October 8, 2008
CO2 / H2 Membrane System
H2O + CO + CO2 + H2H
N2
H
HighPressure
(450-1000 psig)
LowPressure
(0-400 psig)H
H2
H O + CO + CO
HH2 + N2H2O + CO + CO2
Hydrogen Dissociation Catalyst Hydrogen Desorption Catalyst
2 2
October 8, 2008
IGCC Test Conditions
• 41% H2, 17% CO2, 2,3% CO, 37% H2O > 450 i• > 450 psig
• 280-440oC
October 8, 2008
Membrane Performance
• Eltron’s hydrogen membrane performs better than any y g p yother membrane under development for H2 separation from coal.
• High H2 flux rates > 200 mL/min/cm2 (400 SCFH/ft2) demonstrated.
• 1.5 lbs H2/day separation demonstrated under expected operating conditions.
October 8, 2008
Membrane Permeation Data
450
500
300
350
400
450
/ft2 S
TP)
150
200
250
300
Flux
(SC
FH/
0
50
100
H2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Time (Hours)
Test A Test B Test C Test D Test E Test F Test G Test H
October 8, 2008
Comparative Modeling
Gas Cleaning CO2 Capture / H2S i(Sulfur Removal) Separation
Case 1 Conventional Conventional
Case 2 Conventional Eltron System
Case 3 Warm Gas Cleaning Eltron System
Eltron’s Membrane System:– Higher Carbon Capture
Case 3 Warm Gas Cleaning Eltron System
Higher Carbon Capture– Higher Thermal Efficiency– Lower Cost of Electricity
October 8, 2008
Techno-Economic Model Assumptions*
Plant Capacity 275 MW
Required Carbon Capture 90%
Required Sulfur Removal 99%Required Sulfur Removal 99%
Required NOx Removal ≤ 0.05 lb/MMBTU NOxNOx
Cost of Electricity DOE Financial Model v3.0
* FutureGen: Integrated Hydrogen, Electric Power Production and Carbon Sequestration Research Initiative, US DOE Office of Fossil Energy, March 2004.
October 8, 2008
Case 1: CO2 Capture with Current TechnologyCurrent Technology
3% of CSulfur Recovery
2-Stage
GasifierAirSeparation
UnitO2 Syngas
WaterGas ~93% H2
Purity HydrogenTurbine
Selexol
CO2
6% of CShift
Compressor
90% of CCarbon Capture
&Storage
Thermal Efficiency = 27.4%COE = $115.5 / MWh
October 8, 2008
Case 2: CO2 Capture with Eltron H2Separation Membrane TechnologySeparation Membrane Technology
9% of CSulfur Recovery
AmineAbsorber
GasifierAirSeparation
UnitO2 Syngas
WaterGas
EltronMembraneH2 / CO2
S ti
HydrogenTurbine
H2
Absorber0% of CShift
Separation
CO
90% of C
CO2
CO2 Clean-up
Compressor
Carbon Capture&
StorageThermal Efficiency = 32%COE = $114.5 / MWh
October 8, 2008
Case 3: CO2 Capture with Eltron H2Separation Membrane & Warm Gas CleaningSeparation Membrane & Warm Gas Cleaning
4% of CSulfur Recovery
0% of C
Warm Gas GasifierAir
SeparationUnit
O2 Syngas
Sulfur Recovery
WaterGas
EltronMembraneH2 / CO2
S ti
HydrogenTurbine
H2
Cleaning
Shift
0% of CSeparation
CO
95% of C
CO2
CO2 Clean-up 99% of C
Thermal Efficiency = 33.6%COE = $106 / MWh Compressor
Carbon Capture&
Storage
October 8, 2008
Economic Results Summary
Pre-combustion Gas Cleaning & CO2 CaptureMethod
2-Stage Selexol
Cold Gas Cleaning &
Eltron Membrane
Warm Gas Cleaning &
Eltron Membrane
Improvement
Method Membrane Membrane
Thermal Efficiency 27.4% 32.0% 33.6% 6.2%
% CO2 Captured 90% 90% 99% 5.0%% CO2 Captured 90% 90% 99% 5.0%
Cost of Electricity ($/MWh)
115.5 114.5 106 9.5
October 8, 2008
Progress Towards DOE FutureGen Targets
Performance Criteria 2010 Target
2015 Target
Current Eltron Membrane
g g
Target Target Membrane
Flux, SCFH/ ft2 200 300 450Operating Temperature, oC 300-600 250-500 250-440
Sulfur Tolerance (ppmv) 2 20 20 (prelim.)System Cost ($/ft2) 500 <250 <200∆P O ti C bilit ( i) 400 800 1000 1 000∆P Operating Capability (psi) 400 800-1000 1,000
Carbon monoxide tolerance Yes Yes Yes
Hydrogen Purity (%) 99.5 99.99 >99.99Hydrogen Purity (%) 99.5 99.99 99.99Stability/Durability (years) 3 >5 0.9Permeate Pressure (psi) N/A N/A 400
October 8, 2008
Future Work
• Design, build & operate 220 lb/day PDU
• Continue work with commercial suppliers on manufacturing of full-size alloy membranesg y
• Life testing
• Understand impacts of contaminants
• Improve techno-economic models
October 8, 2008
Summary
• Results demonstrate that technology is on track gyto meet DOE targets– Technical
E i– Economics• Tools are in place
Experimental– Experimental– Modeling at all scales
• Flexibility in process design, includingy p g , g– Staged hydrogen recovery for polygen cases– Integrated water gas shift membrane reactors
October 8, 2008
Acknowledgements
Work funded under DOE DE-FC26-05NT42469
Process economics and engineering results supported byPraxairNoram
THANK YOU
CONTACTDamon WatersBusiness Development Manager
THANK YOU
Business Development Manager303.530.0263 [email protected]
October 8, 2008