communication,formal and informal
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
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FORMAL AND INFORMAL
COMMUNICATION
BY:
SHAJRUDDIN.
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PRESENTATION PLAN
Introduction. Definition of Communication. Formal Communication. Advantages, Disadvantages of Formal Communication. Informal Communication. Grapevine Communication. Advantages, Disadvantages of Informal
Communication.
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INTRODUCTION
The word communication has been derived from the Latin word ‘Communicare’ which means ‘to share’. However, communication incorporates, besides commonality, the concept of transfer of ideas, meaning and information. Communication has enabled us to organize - to work in groups; and through organization, we have been able to overcome barriers to our existence that we could not have subjugated individually.
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DEFINITION
“Communication is the process by which information is transmitted between individuals and / or organizations so that an understanding response results.”
“Peter Little.”
“Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions, or emotions by two or more persons.”
“ W.H. Newman and C.F. Summer Jr. ”
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FORMAL COMMUNICATION
It is in the form of official messages and news that flow through recognized channels or routes formally laid by the organization.
This communication may take place between a superior and subordinate, a subordinate and superior or among employees at same level or departmental managers.
It flows in 3 directions: 1) Downward 2) Upward 3) Laterally between departments. i.e. horizontal
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FORMAL MEDIA OF COMMUNICATION
Company’s news bulletins.
Special interviews.
Conferences.
Employees handbook.
Company magazines.
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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF FORMAL COMMUNICATION
Advantages Effective Provides close contact
between members of the organization
Control over the sub-ordinates and fixing in their responsibility.
Flow of essential information in an orderly manner.
Disadvantages Stiff , Slow and Rigid Channels of
communication are not perfect.
Organizational distance, screening at various points and narrow route are the three bottlenecks in the flow of communication.
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INFORMAL COMMUNICATION
It is in the form of unofficial messages (work related or people related) that flow outside the officially designed channels.
Technically called as grapevine communication. Result of natural desire to communicate with each other
freely and frequently. Does not follow the authority. It takes place due to individual
needs. It is implicit, multidimensional
And diverse.
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GRAPEVINE COMMUNICATION
Single strand: communication in sequence. Gossip network: communicates to all on non-selective
basis. Probability network: Individual communicates randomly. Cluster network: an individual communicates to only
those whom he trusts.
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FACTORS OF GRAPEVINE
Employees rely on the grapevine when:
they feel threatened.
insecure.
under stress.
when communication from management is limited.
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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGESOF INFORMAL COMMUNICATION
Advantages More flexible and much
faster. Helps in achieving better
human relations Fulfills the psychological
needs of the employees.
Disadvantages Information may be
distorted. Lacks official status and
less dependable. Has no definite origin
and direction. Leakage of confidential
information.
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INFORMAL MEDIA OF COMMUNICATION
Face to face discussion.
Telephone.
Email.
Voice messaging (voice mail).
Instant messaging (chatting).
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