CONFUCIANISM20700258 박성은 21100604 장하내21300133 김엘리사 21300242 김희연

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CONTENTS

1. Introduction

• Original Confucianism

• Neo-Confucianism

2. Strong & Weak points

3. Christian Alternatives

4. Open Questions

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INTRODUCTION

Concept and History of Confucianism

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CONCEPT OFCONFUCIANISM

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WHAT IS CONFUCIANISM ?

• Concept

– An idea systematized by Confucius

• Core value

– 인(仁) perfect virtue

• Purpose

– Realization of 修身 齊家 治國 平天下

(수신 제가 치국 평천하)

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• Original Confucianism• Ancient china ~ Han Dynasty• More philosophical

• Neo-Confucianism• The Dang Dynasty ~ early

part of modern society• More metaphysical

Confucianism refers to

the combination of both.

WHAT IS CONFUCIANISM ?

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ORIGINAL CONFUCIANISM

History and Philosophers

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HISTORY OF ORIGINALCONFUCIANISM

From ancient China to Han Dynasty

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BACKGROUND OF BEGINNING OF CONSUCIANISM

• Appearance of Confucianism– The late of Spring

and Autumn period

• Background– Idea of the Shang

and Zhou dynasty

• Depend on intangible things

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PHILOSOPHERS OFORIGINAL CONFUCIANISM

Main Thinkers of Original Confucianism

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孔子 공자 (Confucius)

• Confucius– His honorific title

孔夫子(공부자) ‘sLatin expression

• Idea of ‘仁’(ren, 인)

• Essence of human,life itself, desirable possibility,involve flexibility and diversity

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• Combination of familial

• Sincere affection of blood relative

• Develops to politics

• Help confusion in actual society

孔子 공자 (Confucius)

• 論語 논어the analects

• 仁 인 perfect virtue/ 孝 효 filial piety/弟 제 a ceremony

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• Virtue of righteousness for practice of benevolence

• Principle of the royal road by virtue rule

孟子 맹자 (Mencius)

• 仁義 인의(renyi)

• Humanity and justice

• Human natureis good

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NEO-CONFUCIANISM

History and Philosophers

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HISTORY OFNEO-CONFUCIANISM

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BACKGROUND OF BEGINNING OF NEO-CONFUCIANISM

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• Create a more rationalist and secular form than Buddhism and Taoism

• However, borrow terms and principles of Buddhism and Taoism

BACKGROUND OF BEGINNING OF NEO-CONSUCIANISM

In the Tang Dynasty Taoism N C Buddhism

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• 性理學 (性命義理之學, Study of nature, right)

• Interpret Thoughts of Confucius and Mencius in Metaphysics way

• Give Moral Guidance to

– Family-centered Blood relation Community (혈연 공동체)

– State-centered Social Community(사회 공동체)

WHAT ISNEO-CONFUCIANISM ?

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PHILOSOPHERS OFNEO-CONFUCIANISM

Main Thinkers of Neo-Confucianism

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• First true Pioneer

• Explains relationship between human conduct and universal forces

周敦頤 주돈이 (Zhou Dunyi)

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• 太極圖說 태극도설(Taiji Tushuo)

– Explanation of the Diagram of the Supreme ultimate

– 太極 태극 (Taiji)

– 無極 무극(Wu chi)

周敦頤 주돈이 (Zhou Dunyi)

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• Compiler and Rebuilder

• Second most influential thinker in Chinese history (next to Confucius)

朱熹 주희 (Zhu Xi)

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朱熹 주희 (Zhu Xi)

• Teachings

1. 理氣說 (Theory of Existence)all things union of qi(機,vital force), li(理,rational

principle)

Five things(fire, water, wood, metal, earth) evolve

in the process of Waxing(Yang,陽) and waning(Yin,陰)

2. 性卽理說 (Theory of Human Nature)

性=理(Human nature = rational principle)

Human has li Should act in accordance with morality

3. 格物致知 (Methodology)

ways to know li(理),qi(氣)

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STRONG & WEAK POINTS

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STRONG POINTS

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1. Love for self and others.

• 修己安人 수기안인

– develop one’s body and mind to comfort others

• 忠 충 Loyalty

– overcome selfish interests & treat other people sincerely

• 恕 서 Virtuous

– free oneself from selfish mind &understand and other peoples’ mind

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2. Confucianism designsan ideal society.

• 三綱五倫삼강오륜

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3. The development ofbehavioral etiquette.

• Put 仁 인 / 禮 례 into practice

• Ceremonial occasions of coming ofAge / Wedding / Funeral / Ancestral rites (朱子家禮 주자가례)

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WEAK POINTS

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1. The origin to set the direction for life is ambiguous.

• Taiji (太極 태극) Qi (氣 기)is ambiguous

• The directions for human life becomes ambiguous

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2. The value of human was defined asa human identity, not absolute basis.

• 4 categorizationsof the people

① 士 – gentry scholars

② 農 – peasant farmers

③ 工 – artisans andcraftsman

④ 商 – merchants andtraders

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2. The value of human was defined asa human identity, not absolute basis.

• Joseon Dynasty – Put an emphasis on “士” (兩班 – the privileged class)

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3. Confucianism does not solvethe problem of death.

• Death is a process for the realization of a virtue

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CHRISTIAN ALTERNATIVES

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• Alpha & Omega

– Genesis 1:1

– John 1:1~3• In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was

with God, and the Word was God. He was with God in the beginning. Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made.

1.Christianity givesclear guidance

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1.Christianity gives clear guidance.

• Psalm 119:9

– Where withal shall a young man cleanse his way? by taking heed thereto according to thy word.

• Psalm 119:105

– Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path.

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2. Life and our value arenot pre-destined.

• Mark2:16 And when the scribes and Pharisees saw him eat with publicans and sinners, they said unto his disciples, How is it that he eat and drink with publicans and sinners?

• 2:17When Jesus heard it, he saith unto them, They that are whole have no need of the physician, but they that are sick: I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.

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3. Afterlife:Heaven and Kingdom of God.

• Hope for our living world andour afterlife.

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• Hope for our living world andour afterlife.

3. Afterlife:Heaven and Kingdom of God.

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THANK YOU

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OPENQUESTIONS

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1. What do you think about the influence on Korean society by the Confucianism? Is it positive or negative?

2. Do you think the ancestral rites is the worship of idol which Jesus told us not to do?

OPEN QUESTIONS

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