congestion management
DESCRIPTION
infraestructureTRANSCRIPT
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CityofToronto
CongestionManagementPlan
20142018
OCTOBER 2013
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Thisreportwaspreparedin2013byDelcanandLuraConsultingfortheCityofTorontoTransportationDivision.
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TABLEOFCONTENTSTheNeedforCongestionManagement..........................................................................................1TheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlan20142018........................................................1DevelopingthePlan...........................................................................................................................2OrganizationofthisReport................................................................................................................2
VisionforManagingCongestion....................................................................................................3CongestionManagementGoals.....................................................................................................3RecommendedProjectsandActivities...........................................................................................4A. IntelligentTransportationSystems............................................................................................5B. CongestionandEngineeringStudies..........................................................................................6C. IncidentandEventResponse.....................................................................................................7D. ConstructionCoordination.........................................................................................................8E. CurbsideManagement...............................................................................................................9F. SupportofAllModesofTransportation..................................................................................10G. TravellerInformation................................................................................................................11H. TrafficOperationsCentre.........................................................................................................12
ImplementingthePlan................................................................................................................13CapitalandOperatingCosts............................................................................................................13ImplementationSchedule................................................................................................................13ResourceRequirements...................................................................................................................13MonitoringandEvaluation..............................................................................................................13
AppendixA:RecommendedProjectsandActivitiesByGoal........................................................14AppendixB:ProgramCostEstimatesSummary...........................................................................16AppendixC:ProposedImplementationSchedule........................................................................18ListofAbbreviationsCCTV ClosedCircuitTelevisionDVP DonValleyParkwayHOV HighOccupancyVehicleITS IntelligentTransportationSystemsMTO MinistryofTransportationOntarioTOC TrafficOperationsCentreTTC TorontoTransitCommissionVMS VariableMessageSignVMT VehicleMilesTravelled
RoadTypesintheCityofTorontoExpresswayroutesdesignedforhighspeedtraffic,withregulatedentryandexitpoints.E.g.AllenExpresswayandDonValleyParkway.ArterialRoadshighcapacitythoroughfaresthatdelivertrafficfromconnectinglocalroadstoexpressways.E.g.YongeStreet,BayviewAvenue.LocalRoadssmallerroadswithlessvehicletraffic,commontolocalneighbourhoods.
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THENEEDFORCONGESTIONMANAGEMENTTraveldemandcontinuestoriseintheCityofTorontoasthepopulationincreasesandoureconomygrows.Newroadinfrastructureisnotabletokeepupwiththisincreaseintraveldemandinfactitisimpracticaltobuildenoughroadsandinfrastructuretocomfortablyaccommodatethisdemand.Theresultingsituationwheretraveldemandexceedsthecapacityofthetransportationnetworkistrafficcongestion.Eachareaofthecityhasdifferentfactorsthatcontributetotrafficcongestion.Roadsinoneareamaybeaffectedbyissuesrelatedtoparkingandstoppingorconstructionworkzones;othersbyinfrastructurebottlenecksthatdecreaseroadcapacity;andstillothersbytrafficsignalsthatcouldbebettercoordinatedwithexistingtrafficflow.Trafficinallpartsofthecitycanbeaffectedbypoorweatherconditions,specialevents,unexpectedcollisionsandothertrafficincidents.Theimpactofthiscongestionissignificant.Estimatesfrom2006fortheGreaterTorontoandHamiltonArea(GTHA)suggestthatcongestioncostcommutersasmuchas$3.3billionannuallyintermsofdelayandincreasedvehicleoperatingcosts,whilethecosttothelocaleconomywasanadditional$2.7billionduetolosteconomicoutputandaccompanyingjobloss.1TothetypicalcommuterintheGTHAthistranslatestoanaverageof81hoursofdelayeachyear,whichreflectsadelayof33minutesforeveryhourdriveninthepeakperiod.21 CostsofRoadCongestionintheGTHA(GreaterTorontoandHamiltonArea),Metrolinx,December2008.2TomTomNorthAmericanCongestionIndex,TomTomInternational,2013.
TheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlan20142018TheCityofTorontohasbeenengagedinmanyactivitiestomanagetrafficcongestiontobenefittravellers,businesses,andtheenvironment.TheTorontoCongestionManagementPlanbuildsonthesesuccessesandactivities,byprovidinganobjectivesdriven,performancebasedapproachtomanagingcongestion.Theactivitiesrecommendedforthenext5yearsemphasize: Takingamoreproactiveapproachto
trafficmanagementonarterialroads,complementingcurrenttrafficmanagementactivitiesonCityexpressways;
Applyingevolvingtechnologytotrafficandcongestionmanagement,fromwirelesscommunicationtoadvancedsensorstosocialmedia;
ProvidingatoolkitfromwhichactivitiescanbechosenandappliedtotheuniqueroadcontextsaroundToronto;and
Strengtheningpartnershipsandinformationsharing,toimproveefficiencyandcoordinationoftheCitystransportationnetwork.
RecurringCongestion= trafficcongestionseenregularlyduringpeaktrafficperiods,whentraveldemandishigh(e.g.morningandafternooncommutes).NonRecurringCongestion=congestionthatoccurswhensomethingunusualandunexpectedhappenstoreduceavailableroadcapacity(e.g.weather,construction).
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BenefitsofManagingTrafficCongestion
DevelopingthePlanTheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlanwasdevelopedovera6monthperiodin2013.Itinvolvedseveralsteps,including:athoroughreviewofexistingactivitiesandprojectsrelatedtotrafficmanagementcongestion;researchontrendsandbestpracticesinotherjurisdictionsinNorthAmericathroughliteraturereviewsandtelephoneinterviews;developmentofavision,goals,andobjectivesforthePlan;andtheselectionandrefinementofrecommendedprojectsandactivities.StafffromtheCityofTorontosTrafficManagementCentreandRegionaltrafficcontrolcentreswereinvolvedthroughoutthedevelopmentofthePlanthroughregularmeetings,workshops,andoneononeconsultation.ThisPlanshouldbeseenasonecomponentoftheCityofTorontosoverallTransportationPlanningProcess;onethatfocusesprimarily
onoperationalactivities.OtherstrategiesformanagingtrafficcongestionareincludedinotherCityofTorontoplansandstrategicdocuments,includingdemandmanagement,suchasencouragingallmodesoftransportationandactivetransportation,andtransportationnetworkinfrastructureimprovements.OrganizationofthisReportThisReportprovidesageneraloverviewoftheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlan.ItdescribestherecommendedprojectsandactivitiesundereachofeightTechnicalElements,includinghowtheseactivitieswillcontributetomanagingtrafficcongestion.Furtherdetailedtechnicalinformationabouttheseprojects(includingabreakdownoftasksandbudgetforeachproject/activityoverthe5yearperiod)canbefoundintheCongestionManagementPlanTechnicalReport.
Lowercollisionratesandcollisionseverity
Fewertrafficviolations
ImprovedpersonalsafetyandsecuritySafety
Betterandmorereliabletraveltime
Lessvehicledelayandstops
Lowertransitwaittimes/improvedservicefrequencyMobility
Increaseincapacityandthroughputforallroadusers
Efficiency
Loweroperatingcosts
Productivity
Fuelsavings Emissionsreductions
Energy&Environment
Lessfrustration Moresatisfiedpublic
CustomerSatisfaction
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VISIONFORMANAGINGCONGESTIONTheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlanpaysspecialattentiontotheneedsofalltravellerspedestrians,cyclists,publictransitusersaswellasgoodsmovementandemergencyservices.TheoverallvisionofthePlanis:
Throughinnovationandtechnologymaximizetheefficiency,safety,reliabilityandsustainabilityofthetransportationnetworkforallusers
whilereducingtheimpactontheenvironment.
CONGESTIONMANAGEMENTGOALSTheVisionofthePlanissupportedbythefollowinggoalsandmeasurableobjectives:
GOALS OBJECTIVES1. Maximizethetransportation
systemefficiencyandreliability
Increasethroughput Reducedelays Reducetraveltimevariability Reducevehicleoperationalcosts
2. Improvethesafetyofthetransportationnetwork
Reducetrafficcollisions Reducecollisionseverity
3. ImprovetheCityofTorontosabilitytodetectandrespondtoincidents,eventsandchangingtrafficconditions
Reducedurationoftrafficincidents
andeventsthroughincreasingreductionsindetection,responseandclearancetimes
4. Improvetheavailabilityandreliabilityofinformationforthepublic
Reducetravellerfrustration Increaseuseofallmodesof
transportation5. Reducetheimpactof
transportationontheenvironment
Reducegreenhousegasemissions
(GHG) Increasedfuelsavings
AppendixAillustrateshoweachoftheactivitiesincludedintheCongestionManagementPlanaddressesoneormoreofthePlans5goals.
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RECOMMENDEDPROJECTSANDACTIVITIESRecommendationsformanagingtheCityofTorontostraffichavebeengroupedundereightstrategiesorTechnicalElements.Theeightstrategyareascomplementandintersectwithoneanother,andtogetherproduceacomprehensiveapproachtomanagingcongestion.Thefollowingpagesprovidemoreinformationoneachoftheeightstrategies,includingassociatedprojectsandactivities.
OverviewofRecommendedProjectsintheTorontoCongestionManagementPlan
A.IntelligentTransportationSystems
B.CongestionandEngineeringStudies
C.IncidentandEventResponse
D.ConstructionCoordination
A.1ReplacementofATMSSoftwareA.2EnhancedSignalControlModesA.3ArterialCCTVCamerasA.4ArterialNetworkMonitoringA.5UpdateandExpandCityCommunicationsNetworksA.6Replacementofhardware
B.1AuxiliarySignalTimingPlansB.2UpdateCorridorCoordinationStudiesB.3ActiveTrafficManagementFeasibilityStudyB.4IntegratedCorridorManagementFeasibilityStudy
C.1TrafficIncidentManagementTeamProceduresC.2ServicePatrolsC.3SteerItClearItSignageProgramC.4UniversalFireStationPreemption(Nonvehicle)
D.1SmartWorkZonesD.2LaneOccupancyPermitManagementD.3LaneOccupancyPermitReviewD.4WorkZonePerformanceManagementandMonitoring
E.CurbsideManagement
F.SupportofAllModesofTransportation
G.TravellerInformation
H.TrafficOperationsCentre(TOC)
E.1ParkingChargeReviewE.2DevelopParkingStrategiesE.3SmartPark
F.1TransitSignalPriorityF.2HOVBusLaneReviewF.3BicycleFacilitiesExpansionF.4CorridorRenewalforSustainableTransportation
G.1TravellerInformationStrategyG.2VMSsincludingDisplayofTravelTimesG.3EventDatabaseG.4CityWebsiteImprovementsG.5SocialMediaG.6MobileApps
H.1TrafficOperationsCentreImprovementsH.2CoordinationwithEmergencyServicesH.3CoordinationwithTransitH.4CoordinationwithExternalAgenciesH.5TOCOperationsCoordination
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A. IntelligentTransportationSystemsCommunicationtechnologyisbecomingincreasinglysophisticatedandrapid.IntelligentTransportationSystems(ITS)applytheseadvancestothemonitoringandmanagementoftransportationnetworks.TheCityofTorontohasalreadymadeextensiveprogressbuildinganITSsystem,includingtheCitysRESCUandSCOOTsystems.Themajorityofthissystemis20yearsoldandrequiresregularmaintenancetomaintainoperation.TherecommendedprojectsunderthiscategorywillcontinuetostrengthentheITSsystem,helpingtomanagetrafficcongestionby: Improvingmonitoringcapabilitiesto
improveresponsetimestounexpectedtrafficincidents(e.g.illegallaneoccupancy,congestion,collisions);
Improvingcoordinationoftrafficsignalswithtrafficflows;
Increasingtheamountandqualityoftrafficinformationforimprovedplanning,prioritizingandperformanceevaluation;
IncreasingtheefficiencyofcommunicationacrosstheCitysnetworkofcomputersandtrafficsignals;and,
Ensuringequipmentisinastateofgoodrepair.
RecommendedInitiativesA.1ReplacementofATMSSoftwareUpdatetheCitysexistingRESCUsystemthroughanewAdvancedTrafficManagementSystem,soastoenhancemonitoringandmanagementoftheCitysexpressways.Target:Deploymentbyendof2014.A.2EnhancedSignalControlModesUpdatetheCitysexistingSCOOTadaptivetrafficsignalmanagementsystemwheretrafficsignaltimingchangesbasedonactualtrafficdemand.ThiswillfollowrecommendationsoutlinedintheTrafficSignalAdaptiveControlReview.Inaddition,pilotafeatureoftheTransSuitecoordinationsystemthatusesrealtimedata,collectedfromsensorsintheroad,tocreatetrafficsignaltimingplans.Target:Enhancedsignalcontrolincreasedfrom18%to25%ofintersectionsby2018.A.3ArterialCCTVCamerasAddmoreclosedcircuitTVcameras(CCTVs)totheCitysarterialroadnetwork.Explorecostsavingopportunitieswithnewconstructionandnewdevelopments,suchasinstallingcamerasaspartofworkzonemonitoringordevelopmentpermits.Target:30camerasinstalledby2014;another40by2015,andanother30by2016.A.4ArterialNetworkMonitoringCollecttrafficflowdatatomonitorthenetworkfromvehicledetectors,fleetvehicles,orpurchaseofthirdpartydata.UsealgorithmstoidentifyunusualcasesoftrafficcongestioninrealtimewithalarmstonotifyTOCoperatorstotakefurtheraction.A.5UpdateandExpandtheCitysCommunicationsNetworksDevelopalongtermstrategyforthetrafficmanagementcommunicationsnetwork.Thisincludesaperformanceevaluationofrecentlyadoptedcellularwirelesstechnology,toensurereliabilityinemergencyconditions,andplansforastagedexpansionoftheCitysfibreopticnetwork.A.6ReplacementofHardwareImplementareplacementprogramofagingequipmenttoensuresystemisuptodateandefficient(e.g.CCTVcameras,messagesigns,etc.).
5YearCost PotentialBenefits$31,850,000 High
ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsDallasFortWorthsITSstrategyincludesCCTVcamerasandvehicledetectorstomonitortrafficconditions,andtrafficmanagementcentrestodetectincidentsandrespond.Theestimatedbenefitsofthefullsetofstrategiesincludeover68,000personhoursperdaylessspentonrecurringtrafficcongestion,over123,000personhourslessperdayfromfewerandshortertrafficincidents,anda30%increaseincapacity.
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B. CongestionandEngineeringStudiesThefocusofthisstrategyistokeeptheCityofTorontossignaltimingplanscurrentanditstrafficmanagementstrategiesuptodatewiththelatestintheindustry.Recommendedprojectsandactivitiesunderthisstrategywillhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: ImprovingtheabilityofTrafficOperations
Centreoperatorstorespondeffectivelytochangingtrafficconditionswithprepreparedplans;
Maintainingcoordinationasnewtrafficsignalsandnewoperationalfeaturesareaddedtothenetwork;
Identifyingpracticalsolutionstokeyexpresswaycongestionandsafetyconcerns,throughadvancedtechnologies/systemsorapplyingcurrentsolutionsininnovativeways;and
Exploringintegratedapproachesthatlookatmultipletrafficcorridorsasonesystem,thusoptimizingflowacrossallcorridors.
ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsIn20122013,theCityofTorontosTrafficOperationsCentrelaunchedaCorridorRetimingProgram.In2012trafficsignalswereretimedat112intersectionsalongthreecorridors.Thepredictedbenefitsofthesechangesinclude:reducingtravellerdelaysby12%orover380,000hourseachyear;reducingthenumberofvehiclestopsby12%orover33millioneachyear,andsaving8%or2.1millionlitresoffueleachyear.Thislastbenefitwillreduceannualgreenhousegasemissionsby8%or55tonnesofCO2gases.Theoverallbenefit/costratiooftheseactivitiesisestimatedat66:1.
RecommendedInitiativesB.1AuxiliarySignalTimingPlansExpandthelibraryofauxiliarysignaltimingplansforscenariosthatoccurwithsomeregularitye.g.,adverseweatherconditions,laneblockagesfromcollisionsonexpressways,etc.Usesimulationtoolstomodelvariousroadclosurescenarios.Target:auxiliaryplanscompletedfor3highprioritycorridorsby2014.B.2UpdateCorridorCoordinationStudiesEstablishaprocessfortheregularreview(i.e.every3to5years)ofcorridoroperationsandassociatedsignaltimingplanstoidentifywhereupdatesarenecessaryandtherelativepriorityofeachupdate.B.3ActiveTrafficManagementFeasibilityStudyExploretheneedandpotentialbenefitsofactivemanagementstrategiese.g.hardshoulderrunning,suchasisallowedintheNorthDVPwhereGOBusesusetheleftshouldertobypasstrafficqueuesduringpeaktimes.Thismayleadtopilottestsandprojectsbeyondthis5yearPlan.B.4IntegratedCorridorManagementFeasibilityStudyReviewneedandpotentialbenefitofimplementingintegratedmanagementoftransitandvehiclemovementsinparallelarterialandexpresswaycorridors.
5YearCost PotentialBenefits$500,000 LowtoHigh
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C. IncidentandEventResponseTheCityofTorontosTrafficOperationsCentrehasbeenactivelyinvolvedinincidentmanagementthroughitsRESCUsystemdetectingcollisionsandotherincidentsinexpresswaycorridors,coordinatingemergencyresponse,andnotifyingmotorists.Theactivitiesunderthisstrategyfocusonreducingthedurationofincidentsandminimizingcongestionthatcanresult,andaredesignedtocomplementincreasedmonitoringcapabilities.Recommendedprojectsandactivitiesunderthisstrategywillhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: Strengtheningrelationshipsamongkey
agenciese.g.,TOC,emergencyservices,towingindustry,roadmaintenance,etc.toimprovecoordination,reduceresponseandclearancetimesandimprovesafetyoffieldpersonnel;and
Educatingmotoriststomovetheirvehiclesoutoftheflowoftrafficafterminorcollisions.
RecommendedInitiatives
C.1TrafficIncidentManagementTeamProceduresEstablishTrafficIncidentManagementTeamswithrelevantagencies(e.g.TOC,emergencyresponders,towing,etc.).Theseteamswillmeetregularlytobetterunderstandeachothersroles,responsibilities,limitationsandconcerns,andidentifywaystoworktogethermoreeffectively.C.2ServicePatrolsExplorethefeasibilityofimplementingrovingservicepatrolvehiclesalongtheDVPandGardinerExpresswaycorridorstohelpmotoristswithminormechanicalbreakdownsandtoclearvehiclesfromtravellanes.C.3SteerItClearItSignageProgramDeliverapubliceducationandmarketingcampaigntoencouragemotoristsinvolvedinapropertydamageonlycollisiononexpresswaystomovetheirvehiclestoasafeplace,ifpossible.UndertakejointlywithMTOtoprovidebettercoverage.C.4UniversalFireStationPreemption(Nonvehicle)Consideracitywidestandardizedapproachtofirevehiclepreemptionattrafficsignals,inordertoimproveFireServicesabilitytoquicklyandsafelyrespondtoevents.RESCU isTorontosRoadEmergencyServicesCommunicationUnit.Itincludes76closedcircuittelevisioncamerasatkeylocationsalong52kmoftheCitysexpressways.OperatorsattheTOCmonitorthesecameras24hoursadayforanytrafficincidentsthatdisruptregulartrafficflow.
5YearCost PotentialBenefits$7,650,000 High
ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsTheCityofHoustonsSAFEclearresponseteamincludestowtrucksthatpatrolhighwaysandCCTVcamerasthatareusedbythepolicetoidentifyincidents.Overthefirstfourmonthsoftheprogramtherewasa10%reductioninthenumberofcollisionsonthefreewayscomparedtothesamefourmonthsin2003and2004.TraveltimedatafromTranStarindicatethattraveldelaywas1.8millionhourslowerin2005thanexpectedgiventhetrafficgrowthrate.Traveltimereliability,asmeasuredbytheamountofextratraveltimetoaccomplishatripduringtheworstdayofthemonth,alsostabilizedin2005afterbeing16%worsein2004thanin2003.NotalloftheseimprovementscanbetracedtoSAFEclearbuttheimprovementsincongestionandcollisionsrepresentmorethan$70millioninsavingstomotorists.
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D. ConstructionCoordination
Constructionandneedforcontractorstooccupylaneswithequipmentand/orsuppliescanhavesignificanttrafficimpacts.Thisincludesconstructionforroadmaintenanceandnewbuildingdevelopments.ThenumberofnewdevelopmentsacrosstheCityofTorontoisasignofpositiveeconomicdevelopment,butalsoprovidesakeychallengefortrafficflow.Recommendedprojectsandactivitiesunderthisstrategywillhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: Improvingthecoordinationand
managementofconstructionworkzonesacrosstheCity;
Improvinginformationavailabletotravellersabouttrafficconditionsanddetoursassociatedwithworkzones;
ImprovinginformationavailabletoTOCoperatorsforuseinmonitoringcontractoractivitiesandadjustingsignaltimingplansaccordingly;and
Encouragingcontractorstoparticipateasmuchaspossibleinminimizingtheimpactofworkzonesontraffic.
RecommendedInitiativesD.1SmartWorkZonesDevelopastandardizedapproachtoworkzonemanagementincludinguseofCCTVcamerasandvehicledetectorstomonitortrafficconditions,andportableelectronicmessagingsignstoinformmotorists.AfirststepwouldincludeinstallingportableCCTVcamerasontrailersatworkzones.Target:5to10CCTVcamerasinselectworkzonesby2014.D.2LaneOccupancyPermitManagementImplementanelectronicsystemthatstreamlinestheapplication,approval,receiptandmanagement/trackingoflaneoccupancypermits.Approvedpermitswouldbeelectronicallyavailabletocontractors,CityenforcementandTOCstaffaswellastravellerinformationservices.D.3LaneOccupancyPermitReviewReviewcostoflaneoccupancypermits,finesandrelatedcontractconditionstoensuretheyreflectpotentialimpactsontraffic,withthegoaltospeeduptheworkandshortenthedisruptionstotrafficflows.D.4WorkZonePerformanceManagementandMonitoringImplementchangestocontractrequirementsthatrequirecontractorstocomplywiththeconditionsoflaneoccupancypermits.Considermonitoringthetrafficperformancewithintheworkzoneandrequiringthecontractortomaintainspecificlevelsofservicethroughoutthedayasafutureenhancement.
5YearCost PotentialBenefits$1,100,000 LowtoHigh
ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsInLosAngeles,anautomatedworkzoneinformationsystemwasfoundtoreducevehiclehoursoftravelby37%duetotrafficdiversiontoalternateroutes.InArizona,useofasmartworkzoneonSR68tomeasuretraveltimesthroughtheworkzoneandreporttheinformationtomotoristsresultedinreducedcongestionwithintheworkzoneandacontractorthatactivelyworkedtominimizetheimpactoftheirworkontrafficoperations.Thesystemwasalsousedtomonitorcontractorperformance,withpenaltiesandrewardsimposeddependingontrafficconditionsandthecontractorsabilitytomeetspecifiedtrafficperformancerequirements.
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E. CurbsideManagement Onstreetparkinginthedowntowncoreisinhighdemandwithtaxis,couriers,deliverytrucksandprivatevehiclesallcompetingforavailablecurbspace.Thestreetsintheseareasareoftennarrowwithlimitedroadwidthavailableandhightrafficdemandaddingtothechallenge.ActivitiesunderthisstrategywillbeconductedinclosecollaborationwiththeTorontoParkingAuthority,andwillhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: Usinginnovativesolutionstoimprovethe
balanceofparkingdemandwithtrafficoperationalrequirements;
Reducingillegalparkingwhichmayaffecttrafficflow;and
Increasinglegalparkingavailabilityandreducingparkingsearchtime.
RecommendedInitiativesE.1ParkingChargeReview Reviewparkingchargesinordertoencourageshorterdurationandhigherturnoverofonstreetparkingspaces.Thiscouldincludeincreasingratesand/ortheuseofanescalatingparkingchargescalewhereratesincreasethelongeravehicleisparkedinalocation.E.2DevelopParkingStrategies Developinnovativeparkingstrategiesbyareaandcorridor,inclosecollaborationwithlocalbusinessesandthecourierindustry.Theseparkingstrategiescouldinclude:studyingparkingdemandintheareaandhowitvariesbyhouranddayoftheweek;restrictingbusinessdeliveriestocertaintimesofthedaywithallowanceforprivatevehicleparkingintheremainingtimeperiods;orstrictparkingrestrictionsinsomecorridorsduringpeakhours,whileremovingparkingrestrictionsonparallelstreetsduringthesamehours.Eachparkingstrategywilldependontheareainquestion,andwillbecloselyevaluatedforeffectiveness.E.3SmartPark InvestigatetheSmartParkconcepttodetermineneed,feasibilityandpotentialimpactforimplementationinthelongerterm.SmartParkinvolvesusingtechnologysuchassmartphoneapps,electronicmessagesigns,andothertoolstomonitorparkinguseandinformmotoristswhereparkingisavailable.
5YearCost PotentialBenefits$800,000 LowtoMedium
ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsBaltimore/WashingtonInternationalThurgoodMarshall(BWI)airportimplementedaparkingguidancesystemwhichdirectstravellerstoindividualavailableparkingspaces.AnOctober2003surveyofBWItravelersfoundthat81%ofsurveyedtravellersindicatedthatparkingwaseasieratBWIthanattheotherairportstheyfrequentedand68%agreedthatparkingwasfaster.
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F. SupportofAllModesofTransportationEncouragingpeopletousemodesotherthantheirprivatevehiclessuchaswalking,cyclingorpublictransitisanimportanttrafficmanagementstrategyasitreducesthenumberofvehicletrips.TheCityofTorontoisalreadyactivelypromotingallmodesoftransportationthroughitsOfficialPlanandotherinitiativessuchastheBikewayTrailsImplementationPlan.Projectsandactivitiesunderthisstrategysupportthoseeffortsandhelpmanagetrafficcongestionby: Improvingtheeffectivenessand
coordinationoftrafficmanagementactivitiesinvolvingpublictransitvehiclesandalternativetransportationmodes;and
Exploringthemostcreativeandeffectiveuseoftypicalstreetdesignstandardsandtrafficengineeringtechniquestoprovideamorebalanceduseoftheroadrightofway.
RecommendedInitiativesF.1TransitSignalPriorityReviewandconsiderreplacingthecurrentapproach(streetcarsandbusesreceiveunconditionalpriorityat350intersections)withaconditionalapproach.Theconditionalapproachprovidespriorityonlywhenitwouldbenefitthetransitvehicle(e.g.,itisbehindschedule).F.2HOVBusLaneReviewReviewthe8locationswherelanesarededicatedfortheuseofbusesandHighOccupancyVehicles(HOV).Thegoalwillbetoidentifyanyneededadjustmentstohoursofoperationoroccupancyrequirements(e.g.changefrom3+peopleto2+people)thatwouldimproveefficiencyanduse.F.3BicycleFacilitiesExpansionContinuetoimplementandexpandbicyclefacilities,includingadowntownseparatedbikelanenetworkwithinthedowntowncore,toencouragepeopletousebicyclesforshorttrips.F.4CorridorRenewalforSustainableTransportationConductafeasibilitystudytoidentifycandidatecorridorsandpotentialtechniquesthatcouldbeappliedtoprovideamoremultimodalapproachtotrafficmanagement.Techniquesexploredcouldincludetheuseofleftturnlanes,methodstoreducevehicle/pedestrian/bicycleconflicts,multiphaseintersections,bicyclefacilities,andcurbbulbstoprotectparkedvehiclesandreducepedestriancrossingtimes.Thisprojectwillinvolveevaluatingalternativeconceptualdesignsfortopprioritycorridorsandselectingonecorridorasademonstrationprojectforpotentialimprovements.
5YearCost PotentialBenefits$7,750,000 LowtoHigh
ExamplesofPotentialBenefitsTriMet(Portland,Oregon)avoidedaddingonemorebusbyusingTransitSignalPriorityandexperienceda10%improvementintraveltimeandasmuchasa19%reductionintraveltimevariability.Withincreasedreliability,TriMethasbeenabletoreducescheduledrecoverytime.AnevaluationofthePortland,Oregonregionfoundthatresidentshadanaverageof9.8VehicleMilesTravelledpercapitainneighborhoodswithgoodtransitandamixeduseenvironment,comparedto13.3ingoodtransitneighborhoodswithoutamixeduseenvironment.AstudyinthePugetSoundregionfoundthatafullymixeduseenvironmentwasassociatedwitha20%reductioninVehicleMilesTravelledcomparedtoafullysegregatedenvironment.
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G. TravellerInformationProvidingconvenientaccesstocurrentandreliabletravellerinformationallowstravellerstheopportunitytomakeinformeddecisionsonthebesttiming,mode,androuteoftheirtrip.ThisstrategybuildsonadvancesmadeundertheIntelligentTransportationSystemsactivities(seePage5),andwillhelpmanagecongestionby: Improvingtheamountofinformation
availabletotravellersallowingthemtomakeinformeddecisionsontheirroute;
Increasingtheeaseandspeedinwhichinformationabouttrafficconditionscanbesharedwithtravellersandotheragencies;and
Strengtheningdatasourcesandnetworkstoensureinformationoncurrenttrafficconditions,incidentsandeventsisaccurateandreliable.
RecommendedInitiativesG.1 TravellerInformationStrategy Reviewthecurrentstateoftheartapproachesandmakerecommendationsonpotentialtechniquesandtechnologiesthatcanbeeffectivelyusednowandinthefutureforthecollectionanddisseminationoftravellerinformation.G.2 VMSsincludingDisplayofTravelTimes Useexistingandnewchangeableelectronicmessagesigns(VariableMessageSigns)todisplaytraveltimesonexpresswaysandselectcitystreetswherethereissufficientdemandandspace.Prioritycorridorswouldincludethoseservingthedowntownarea.G.3 EventDatabase Developawebbasedeventdatabasethatallowsmultipleusers(e.g.,externalTOCoperators,emergencyservices,TTCoperators)toinput,track,andaccesscurrentandplannedeventinformationtoallowforenhancedmanagement.ThisdatabasecouldbelinkedtotheLaneOccupancyPermitManagementSystem(D.2)forimprovedefficiency.G.4 CityWebsiteImprovements UpdatetheCitywebsitetoprovidetravellerinformationinamoreconvenientandmodernfashion.Thiscouldincludebrandingthewebsitewithacaptivatingname,improvingvisualappealandinterface,andincreasingthevarietyofinformation.G.5 SocialMedia Reviewtheuseofsocialmediaasatoolforbothdistributinginformationtoandreceivinginformationfromtravellersonincidentsandevents.Thisreviewwillexploreoptions,seekinputfromusers,evaluatetheeffectivenessofvarioustools,anddevelopastrategyforthebestwaytoapplysocialmedia.G.6 MobileApps Explorethepotentialfordevelopingandusingmobileapplications/devicesasawaytodistributeinformationtotravellersandpossiblyasasourceofdata.Appscouldbedevelopedbyprivateentities,publicsectororasapartnership.
5YearCost PotentialBenefits$5,900,000 LowtoHigh
ExamplesofPotentialBenefits
InHouston,Texas,realtimetraveltimeinformationpostedonVMSinfluenceddriversroutechoice85%ofrespondentsstatedtheychangedtheirroutebasedontheinformationprovided.Oftheserespondents,66%saidthattheysavedtraveltimeasaresultoftheroutechange.
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H. TrafficOperationsCentreTheTrafficOperationsCentre(TOC)istheCitysnervecentrefortrafficandcongestionmanagement,monitoringtrafficconditionsandcoordinatingtrafficcontrolfielddevices24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Otheragenciesalsoplayacentralroleinmanagingtheroadnetworkincludingemergencyservices,TTC,GOTransit,MinistryofTransportationOntario,407ETR,andRegionalgovernments.ActivitiesunderthisTechnicalElementfocusoncoordinationandcooperationamongstthevariousagenciestomaximizetheefficiencyoftransportationnetworkoperations.Thiswouldimprovetrafficcongestionby: Improvingincidentdetectionand
monitoringofthetransportationnetwork,allowingTOCoperatorstorespondtochangesintrafficconditionsaccordinglyandmorerapidly;and
Strengtheningaregionalapproachtotrafficandcongestionmanagement,addressingTorontotrafficcongestionresultingfromincidentsinotherjurisdictionsandviceversa.
RecommendedInitiativesH.1TrafficOperationsCentreImprovementsTheoverallobjectiveofthisinitiativeistomaximizetheefficiencyofoperationswithintheTOC.H.2CoordinationwithEmergencyServicesExpandcurrentinformationexchangebetweentheTOCandTorontoEmergencyServicesagencies.Thiscouldincludethetwowayexchangeof:imagesfromselectpolicecameras,informationontrafficincidents,informationfromtheeventdatabase(G.3),informationoncurrentlaneclosuresduetoconstruction(D.2),andothertrafficinformation(A.4).H.3CoordinationwithTransitEstablishcloseworkingrelationshipswithTTCandGOdispatchcentrestoexchangeinformationoncongestion,incidents,events,andotherrelevantdata.H.4CoordinationwithExternalAgenciesStrengthencollaboration,coordination,andelectronicinformationsharingbetweentheTOCandadjacentjurisdictions.H.5TOCOperationsCoordinationStrengthenTOCoperationsbyestablishingregularstaffmeetingsanddebriefingsessionsaftereventswithTOCstaffaswellasstafffromothercontrolcentres.Meetingsshouldreviewprocessesused,keyissuesthataroseduringanevent,whatdidanddidnotworkwell,andchangesthatneedtobemadetoimproveoperatingefficiency.
5YearCost PotentialBenefits$1,700,000 MediumtoHigh
ExamplesofPotentialBenefits
InNewYorkState,HighwayPatrol,DepartmentofTransportation(DOT)andtheThruwayAuthorityusedrealtimetrafficdatafromvehicleprobestoidentifyproblemareasinashoppingareaduringtheThanksgivingweekend.Theyjointlyworkedtogethertomanagetrafficandprovideinformationtomotoriststhroughelectronicmessagesigns.Thisproactiveapproachresultedina50%reductionintrafficqueuesoverpreviousyears.
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IMPLEMENTINGTHEPLANCapitalandOperatingCostsTheCityofTorontoCongestionManagementPlan20142018asproposedrepresentsacapitalcostof$57.25milliondollarsspreadover5years.AppendixBdocumentshowthiscostbreaksdownacrosstheeightTechnicalElementsandtheircomponentprojects.Theestimatedcostassociatedwiththeadditionalstaffresourcerequirements,describedbelow,is$1.1million.ThemarginaladditionalcosttomaintaintheproposedadditionalITSinfrastructure,includingbothhardwareandsoftware,overthe5yearprogramis$8million.ImplementationScheduleAGanttchartthatillustrateshowtherecommendedprojectsandactivitieswillbeimplementedoverthenext5yearsisincludedinAppendixC.ResourceRequirementsRecommendedprojectsandactivitiesfallundertheresponsibilityofanumberofdifferentsectionswithintheCityofTorontosTransportationServicesDivision,withthemajorityfallingwithintheTrafficManagementCentre.WiththemoreproactiveapproachtotrafficmanagementonarterialroadsdescribedinthePlan,thereisaneedforadditionalstaffresourcestomonitorandrespondtochangingtrafficconditions.Itisthereforerecommendedthatadditionalstaffpositionsbecreatedtoprovidethesefunctions,including:withintheTrafficSignalOperationsGroup(2positions),theRESCUGroup(2positions),theTrafficSafetyUnit(2positions),andtheTrafficPlantInstallationandMaintenanceUnit(1position).
ToimplementthebroadrangeofcapitalprojectsoutlinedinthisPlan,itisrecommendedthataseparateCapitalProjectsDeliveryGroupbeformedthatisdedicatedtotheplanning,designandimplementationofthecapitalprojectsidentified.Thisgroupwouldconsistof5staffpositionsalloperatingundertheoversightofamanager,andwouldallowtheCitytocontinuetoupdateandexpandtheirtrafficmanagementsystemsbeyond2018.MonitoringandEvaluationAprocesswillbeestablishedattheoutsettomonitorandevaluatetheperformanceofthevariousprojects,toensuregoalsarebeingmet.Identifyingperformancecriteriawillbeakeyfirststeptothisprocess.Commontransportationnetworkperformanceindicatorsinclude:traveltime,averagespeed,totaldelay(vehiclehoursorpersonhours),traveltimeindex(theratioofpeakperiodtraveltimetotraveltimeunderfreeflowconditions)andthebuffertimeindex(theratiooftotaltriptimeapersonwouldplantoallowinordertoensureontimearrivaltoaveragetriptime).Asthesecriteriadonotreflecthowperformancecanvaryovertimeandspace,othermethodsshouldbeexploredformonitoringperformance.ThePlanshouldalsobecontinuouslyreviewedandupdatedtogetherwiththeCityofTorontosoveralltransportationplanningandenvironmentalreviewprocessestoensureitremainsrelevantinhelpingtoaddresstheCityofTorontostransportationneedsandpriorities.
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APPENDIXA:RECOMMENDEDPROJECTSANDACTIVITIESBYGOAL
P=PrimaryGoal s=SecondaryGoal
TechnicalElements&ProjectsCONGESTIONMANAGEMENTPLANGOALS
MaximizeEfficiency&Reliability
ImproveSafety
ImproveResponsive
nessImprove
InformationReduce
EnvironmentalImpact
IntelligentTransportationSystemsA.1ReplacementofATMSSoftware s S P s sA.2EnhancedSignalControlModes s P sA.3ArterialCCTVCameras s S P s sA.4ArterialNetworkMonitoring s S P s sA.5UpdateandExpandCityCommunicationsNetworks s P s A.6ReplacementofHardware s s P s sCongestion&EngineeringStudiesB.1AuxiliarySignalTimingPlans P s sB.2UpdateCorridorCoordinationStudies P s sB.3ActiveTrafficManagementFeasibilityStudy P s sB.4IntegratedCorridorManagementFeasibilityStudy P s sIncident&EventResponseC.1TrafficIncidentManagementTeams s P s sC.2ServicePatrols s P s C.3SteerItClearItSignageProgram s P sC.4UniversalFireStationPreemption(Nonvehicle) s s P ConstructionCoordinationD.1SmartWorkZones s P sD.2LaneOccupancyPermitManagement P sD.3LaneOccupancyPermitReview P sD.4WorkZonePerformanceManagementandMonitoring P sCurbsideManagementE.1ParkingChargeReview P sE.2DevelopParkingStrategies P sE.3SmartPark P sSupportofAlternateModesF.1TransitSignalPriority P sF.2HOVBusLaneReview P sF.3BicycleFacilitiesExpansion s P sF.4CorridorRenewalforSustainableTransp. P s
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P=PrimaryGoal s=SecondaryGoal
TechnicalElements&ProjectsCONGESTIONMANAGEMENTPLANGOALS
MaximizeEfficiency&Reliability
ImproveSafety
ImproveResponsiveness
ImproveInformation
ReduceEnvironmental
ImpactTravellerInformationG.1TravellerInformationStrategy s s P G.2VMSsincludingDisplayofTravelTimes s s P G.3EventDatabase s s P sG.4CityWebsiteImprovements s s P sG.5SocialMedia s s P sG.6MobileApps s s P sTrafficOperationsCentreH.1TrafficOperationsCentreRenovations P s H.2CoordinationwithEmergencyServices s s P sH.3CoordinationwithTransit s s P sH.4CoordinationwithExternalAgencies P s s sH.5TOCOperationsCoordination P s s s
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APPENDIXB:PROGRAMCOSTESTIMATESSUMMARY
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CongestionManagementPlanCAPITALCOSTANDCASHFLOWSUMMARY
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
A IntelligentTransportationSystemsA.1 ReplacementofATMSSoftware 1,200,000$ $ $ $ $ 1,200,000$A.2 EnhancedSignalControlModes 150,000$ 1,450,000$ 2,950,000$ 2,950,000$ 2,800,000$ 10,300,000$A.3 ArterialCCTVCameras 900,000$ 2,100,000$ 50,000$ 800,000$ 800,000$ 4,650,000$A.4 NetworkMonitoring $ 100,000$ 50,000$ 1,050,000$ 250,000$ 1,450,000$A.5 UpdateandExpandCommunicationsNetwork 150,000$ 900,000$ 1,000,000$ 1,300,000$ 1,050,000$ 4,400,000$A.6 HardwareReplacementand/orExpansion $ 1,750,000$ 2,210,000$ 2,960,000$ 2,930,000$ 9,850,000$
B CongestionandEngineeringStudiesB.1 AuxiliarySignalTimingPlans $ $ $ $ $ $B.2 UpdateCorridorCoordinationStudies $ $ $ $ $ $B.3 ActiveTrafficManagementFeasibilityStudy $ $ $ $ 250,000$ 250,000$B.4 IntegratedCorridorManagementFeasibilityStudy $ $ 250,000$ $ $ 250,000$
C IncidentandEventResponseC.1 TrafficIncidentManagementTeamProcedures $ $ $ $ $ $C.2 SteerItClearItProgram $ $ $ $ $ $C.3 UniversalFireStationPreemption(Nonvehicle) $ $ 50,000$ 3,800,000$ 3,800,000$ 7,650,000$
D ConstructionCoordinationD.1 SmartWorkZones $ 200,000$ $ $ $ 200,000$D.2 LaneOccupancyPermitManagement $ 100,000$ 550,000$ $ $ 650,000$D.3 LaneOccupancyPermitReview $ $ 150,000$ $ $ 150,000$D.4 WorkZonePerformanceManagement&Monitoring $ 50,000$ $ 50,000$ $ 100,000$
E CurbsideManagementE.1 ParkingChargeReview $ $ $ 50,000$ 50,000$ 100,000$E.2 DevelopParkingStrategies $ $ 100,000$ 100,000$ 400,000$ 600,000$E.3 SmartPark $ $ $ $ 100,000$ 100,000$
F SupportofAlternateModesF.1 TransitSignalPriority $ 150,000$ 700,000$ 650,000$ $ 1,500,000$F.2 HOVBusLaneReview $ 100,000$ 300,000$ 300,000$ 100,000$ 800,000$F.3 BicycleFacilitiesExpansion $ $ $ $ $ $F.4 CorridorRenewalforSustainableTransportation $ 100,000$ 200,000$ 2,600,000$ 2,550,000$ 5,450,000$
G TravellerInformationG.1 TravellerInformationStategy $ $ $ $ $ $G.2 VMSsincludingDisplayofTravelTimes $ 100,000$ 2,450,000$ 2,300,000$ $ 4,850,000$G.3 EventDatabase $ 100,000$ 400,000$ $ $ 500,000$G.4 CityWebsiteImprovements $ 150,000$ $ 50,000$ $ 200,000$G.5 SocialMedia $ $ 100,000$ $ $ 100,000$G.6 MobileApps $ 50,000$ 100,000$ 50,000$ 50,000$ 250,000$
H TrafficOperationsCentreH.1 TrafficOperationsCentreImprovements 600,000$ $ $ $ $ 600,000$H.2 CoordinationwithPolice $ 100,000$ 50,000$ 50,000$ 150,000$ 350,000$H.3 CoordinationwithTransit $ $ 150,000$ 50,000$ 50,000$ 250,000$H.4 CoordinationwithExternalAgencies $ $ 300,000$ 100,000$ 100,000$ 500,000$H.5 TrafficOperationsCentreCoordination $ $ $ $ $ $
TOTAL 3,000,000$ 7,500,000$ 12,110,000$ 19,210,000$ 15,430,000$ 57,250,000$
TechnicalElement Procurement&InstallationProjectsTotal
EstimatedCost
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APPENDIXC:PROPOSEDIMPLEMENTATIONSCHEDULE
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Technical ElementA Intelligent Transportation SystemsA.1 Replacement of ATMS SoftwareA.2 Enhanced Signal Control ModesA.3 Arterial CCTV CamerasA.4 Network MonitoringA.5 Update and Expand Communications NetworkA.6 Hardware Replacement and/or Expansion
B Congestion and Engineering StudiesB.1 Auxiliary Signal Timing PlansB.2 Update Corridor Coordination StudiesB.3 Active Traffic Management Feasibility StudyB.4 Integrated Corridor Management Feasibility Study
C Incident and Event ResponseC.1 Traffic Incident Management Team ProceduresC.2 Steer it - Clear it ProgramC.3 Universal Fire Station Pre-emption (Non-vehicle)
D Construction CoordinationD.1 Smart Work ZoneD.2 Lane Occupancy Permit ManagementD.3 Lane Occupancy Permit ReviewD.4 Work Zone Performance Management & Monitoring
E Curbside ManagementE.1 Parking Charge ReviewE.2 Develop Parking StrategiesE.3 Smart Park
F Suipport of Alternate ModesF.1 Transit Signal PriorityF.2 HOV - Bus Lane ReviewF.3 Bicycle Facilities ExpansionF.4 Corridor Renewal for Sustainable Transportation
G Traveller InformationG.1 Traveller Information StrategyG.2 VMSs including Display of Travel TimesG.3 Event DatabaseG.4 City Website ImprovementsG.5 Social MediaG.6 Mobile Apps
H Traffic Operations CentreH.1 Traffic Operations Centre ImprovementsH.2 Coordination with PoliceH.3 Coordination with TransitH.4 Coordination with External AgenciesH.5 Traffic Operations Centre Coordination
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
CONGESTION MANAGEMENT PLAN PROGRAM
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