CUBISM

SUBMITTED BY :- POOJA YADAV

B.ARCH 3RD YEARAXIS INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE

KANPUR

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTUREHISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

CUBISM• The cubism started in France in the early 20th century (around 1907), but its

ideas and concepts have continued to influence art today.• The early 20th century was a time of change in the art world in France, yet

cubism was still highly rejected. Many people said it was ugly and they could not understand it.

• The scientific and philosophical changes at the time influenced the subject matter within cubist artwork and peoples ability to accept the changes cubism was making.

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

the Angolans’ building in Estoril Montreal housing

CUBISM AND ARCHITECTURE

• The name cubism was suggested by Henri Matisse in 1909.He observed that the pictures themselves consisted of “nothing but little cubes”.

• The idea behind cubism is to show the essence of an object by displaying it from many angles and points of views at the same time..

• Architectural interest in Cubism centered on the dissolution and reconstitution of three-dimensional form, using simple geometric shapes

• The cubist pallet was restricted to a narrow, almost monochromatic scale, dominated by grays and browns.

• The subjects were represented in the form of basic geometric shapes (cube , sphere , cylinder and the cone).

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

• Diverse elements could be superimposed, made transparent or penetrate one another, while retaining their spatial relationships.

• It led to simplification of building design, the use of materials appropriate to industrial production, and the increased use of glass

CUBISM AND ARCHITECTUREHISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

ANZ building – Jakarta,Indonasia

Black Madonna Building by Jan Gokar , Prague

The dancing building - Prague

CHARACTERISTICS OF CUBIST BUILDINGS• Each of the buildings has a basic geometric design, often a cuboid shape.• Simplicity is often an overriding characteristic.• The buildings have sharp, clean lines, ensuring that the building is viewed in

perspective with ease.

Guernica By Pablo PicassoUse of positive and negative space in architecture. Housing by VIDZ architects -Japan

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

• Positive and negative spaces are marked distinctly.

• Cubist buildings are often designed to be manufactured as prefabricated buildings and moved from the factory to the building site where they are assembled.

• The windows have a cube/rectangular form and do not necessarily line up with each other, as in traditional/conventional buildings.

• Subtle colors dominate the design, with one or two colors prominent.

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

Palace of assembly , Chandigarh by Le Corbusier

LE-CORBUSIER NAME: Le CorbusierOCCUPATION: Architect, ArtistBIRTH DATE: October 06, 1887DEATH DATE: August 27, 1965EDUCATION: École des Arts Décoratifs at La Chaux-de-FondsPLACE OF BIRTH: La Chaux-de-Fonds, SwitzerlandPLACE OF DEATH: Cap Martin, FranceFULL NAME: Le CorbusierAKA: Charles Jeanneret-GrisORIGINALLY: Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

LE-CORBUSIER

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

• Lifting the bulk of the structure off the ground supporting by pilotis.

• A free façade.• An open floor plan.• Long strips of ribbon windows

providing maximum illumination.• The roof garden.

His Five Points of

Architecture:

VILLA SAVOYEHISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

TYPE- VILLAARCHITECTURAL STYLE- Modernist, InternationalADDRESS- 82, Rue de Villiers 78300 PoissyTOWN/CITY- Poissy, YvelinesCOUNTRY- France CONSTRUCTION STARTED- 1928COMPLETED- 1931RENOVATED- 1963, 1985-1997OWNER- French government

5 POINTS OF ARCHITECTURE:

2

4

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5

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

• The Villa Savoye is probably Corbusier's best known building from the 1920s, it had enormous influence on international modernism.

• It was designed addressing his emblematic "Five Points", the basic tenets in his new architectural aesthetic:1.Support of ground-level pilotis, elevating the building from the earth and allowed an extended continuity of the garden beneath.2. Functional roof, serving as a garden and terrace, reclaiming for nature the land occupied by the building.3.Free floor plan, relieved of load-bearing walls, allowing walls to be placed freely and only where aesthetically needed.4. Long horizontal windows, providing illumination and ventilation.5.Freely-designed facades, serving as only as a skin of the wall and windows and unconstrained by load-bearing considerations.

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

FUNCTIONS:

GROUND FLOOR COMPRISES OF:

1. HALL2. OFFICES FOR THE SERVICE3. GARAGE (SPACE FOR 3 CARS)

The ground floor is largely determined by the movement of a car entering the building. This movement also determines the structure, based on an orthogonal grid of concrete pillars separated 4.75 meters from each other. This forms a square grid of 23.5 meters on the side, on top of which sits the Villa

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

FIRST FLOOR COMPRISES OF:

1. LIVING ROOM2. KITCHEN3. BEDROOMS4. BATHROOMS

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

• Unlike his earlier town villas Corbusier was able to carefully design all four sides of the Villa Savoye in response to the view and the orientation of the sun.

• On the ground floor he placed the main entrance hall, ramp and stairs, garage, chauffeur and maids rooms.

• At first floor the master bedroom, the son's bedroom, guest bedroom, kitchen, salon and external terraces.

• The salon was orientated to the north west whilst the terrace faced the south.

• The son's bedroom faced the south east and the kitchen and service terrace were on the north east.

• At second floor level were a series of sculpted spaces that formed a solarium.

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

THANK YOU

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE