CULTURAL HERITAGE (SEMINAR)

Read the article World Heritage by Linda Baxter and solve the following exercises:

If you think about World Heritage Sites, you probably think of places associated with ancient art and culture, historical buildings and monuments. And of course, many of these are on the World Heritage List.Remains of ancient cultures, like Cuzco in Peru, Angkor in Cambodia, or the famous rock city of Petra in Jordan. Or old city centres, such as Rome in Italy, or Sana'a in Yemen. Or places of artistic or cultural significance, like the Stonehenge stone circle in England, or the Tsodilo rock paintings in the Kalahari Desert in Botswana. But The World Heritage List contains a lot of sites that are not so obvious. Some of them are well known. For example, the Galapagos Islands, which inspired Darwin's theories of evolution, or the Victoria Falls waterfalls in Africa, and the Grand Canyon in the United States. Let's look at a few of the more unusual sites on the World Heritage List and why it is important to preserve them. Citadel of Haiti These monuments were built at the end of the nineteenth century when Haiti became independent and the many thousands of black

slaves in Haiti were free for the first time. These ex-slaves built the monuments, which The World Heritage List (WHL) describes as 'a universal symbol of liberty'. Robben Island in South AfricaThis island was used through the centuries as a prison, a hospital and a military base. But it's probably most famous as a maximum-security prison for political prisoners in the twentieth century. Nelson Mandela was one of its most famous residents. The WHL says it represents 'the triumph of democracy and freedom over oppression and racism'. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway in India This railway was opened in 1881 and is still operating today. It crosses a difficult area of mountain landscape and it is a great example of railway engineering. The WHL says that it is 'the first, and still the most outstanding, example of a hill passenger railway.' Borders of France and Spain This is an area of great natural beauty and the mountains have many interesting geological formations. But it is also an area of small farms. People there still use a type of agriculture that used to be common in mountainous areas of Europe but has almost completely disappeared in modern times. The WHL has listed the site because it shows us about 'past European society through its landscape of villages, farms, fields, upland pastures and mountain roads.'

The city of Brasilia, Brazil Brasilia is a capital city that was created from nothing in 1956. The WHL calls it 'a landmark in the history of town planning.' The different areas of the city and the buildings themselves were all designed at the same time so that they would harmonise with each other. Every part of the city shows the ideas of the planner and architect. Dorset and East Devon Coast, United Kingdom This part of the coast in the South West of England is famous for its fossils and is popular with scientists and amateur fossil hunters. The cliffs also show rock formations from millions of years ago. The WHL says that they 'have contributed to the study of earth sciences for over 300 years.' Alto Douro, Portugal This is an area in the North of Portugal where wine has been produced for thousands of years. Nowadays it is world famous for the 'port wine' that is produced there. The WHL says that this long tradition of winemaking 'has produced a cultural landscape of outstanding beauty that reflects its technological, social and economic evolution.' Rio Platano Reserve, Honduras The WHL says that this site is 'one of the few remains of a humid tropical forest in Central America.' It's a mountainous area on the Caribbean coast with many different species of plants and animals. The people who have always lived there still have the same traditional lifestyle. Simien National Park, Ethiopia Simien National Park was one of the first sites to be listed in 1978. It is one of the highest mountain areas in Africa, and the WHL calls it 'one of the most spectacular landscapes in the world'. It is also important for its wildlife. Rare animals like the Gelada baboon and the Simien fox live there. It is also the only place in the world where you can find the Walia ibex, a type of goat. The population of this animal is getting smaller and smaller. That's why the site is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger. So, the World Heritage List isn't only about ancient monuments and buildings. It's also concerned with technology, natural beauty, wildlife and traditional ways of life.

After reading Exercise 1 Choose the answer to each of the six questions below, depending on the information in the text. 1. Why is the Citadel of Haiti included on the list?

a. It shows a traditional way of life. b. It represents freedom. c. The buildings are thousands of years old.

2. Why is the Darjeeling Railway listed? a. The landscape is very beautiful. b. It was difficult to build. c. It carries a lot of passengers.

3. What is the most important reason for listing the area on the borders of France and Spain? a. We can learn about the history of Europe. b. The geology is interesting. c. It's very beautiful.

4. Why is Brasilia listed? a. It's an interesting example of town planning. b. It was the ancient capital of Brazil. c. It was difficult to build.

5. Why is the Dorset and East Devon Coast listed? a. The wildlife is unusual. b. It's important for scientific study. c. You can find fossils there.

6. Why is the Simien National Park on the List of World Heritage in Danger? a. Because of the animals that live there. b. Because of the people that live there. c. Because of the natural landscape.

Exercise 2. In the table below are 10 words from the text. Below the table are definitions of the 10 words. Can you match the words to their definitions?

evolution fossils geology heritage landmark landscape outstanding preserve symbol triumph

1. …………… means features belonging to the culture of a particular society, such as traditions, languages or buildings, which still exist from the past and which have a historical importance.

2. …………… means gradual development. 3. To …………… something means to keep it as it is, esp. in order to prevent it from decaying or being

damaged or destroyed. 4. A …………… is a sign, shape or object which is used to represent something else. 5. A …………… is a very great success, achievement or victory, or a feeling of great satisfaction or

pleasure caused by this. 6. …………… means excellent; clearly very much better than what is usual. 7. …………… the study of the rocks and similar substances that make up the Earth's surface, esp. in order

to understand its structure, origin, etc. 8. A …………… is a large area of countryside, esp. in relation to its appearance. 9. A …………… is a building or place that is easily recognized, esp. one which you can use to judge

where you are. 10. .…………… are bones, shells or shapes of a plant or animal which have been preserved in rock, ice or

earth for a very long period.

PART 2

Read what young people in countries around the world think about the United Kingdom. Compare their opinions, work with the vocabulary and let us know what you think about the UK.

Quotes about the United Kingdom

First set of quotes

UAE - When young people say about the British that he's unpleasant or old, it is an impression we have from the time when Great Britain was a great power together with Portugal.

ITALY - I particularly liked the spirit, the liveliness, the people and their open-mindedness.

HUNGARY - It's so fantastic that they are able to look at themselves with self-irony. I think this is exceptional. They write books and make movies that tell a negative picture about them and they show it.

HONG KONG - A lot of them are drunk and cause trouble.

JAPAN - There are bad points such as discrimination but also good points such as the parliamentary government.

KENYA - It's believed that if you go for further education in Britain, you get quality education.

THAILAND - They seem so cold in general.

BANGLADESH - Heritage from Britain, technology and dynamism from the United States.

SINGAPORE - The British always give me the idea of old and boring.

KOREA - Underlying the British people's ideologies is their deeply rooted tradition, long history, long history of the royal family and democracy, and the class structure.

GREECE - I am thinking about music. It's not by accident that the most innovative trends in music come from England.

VIETNAM - UK is a small island but it has a global trading system.

Second set of quotes

MEXICO - The British are limited. They don't try new things.

JAPAN - British scientists are enthusiastic, almost manic, in particular categories. But they are doing something that really doesn't matter.

CZECH REPUBLIC - Britain was the first country with a constitution, I think. So there is a real democratic tradition in Britain.

SPAIN - Out of the European countries I think the closest to the US is England; but you can't separate them from Europe.

SINGAPORE - They have a group of white trash, you know, skinheads. That group is very, very racist. But I think the majority is fine. In fact, I know there are some community leaders that are black.

FRANCE - There are many differences between the English, the Irish and the Scottish. Irish and Scottish are much more friendly.

HUNGARY - Their mistrust with strangers is also a characteristic. Usually this is said for the Germans but it is far more true for the English.

NIGERIA - A British product is very high quality. You'll use it and use it until you are tired.

RUSSIA - People are very involved in the life of society, politics. They are very well aware of what is going on.

GERMANY - The really crazy people all come from England.

SAUDI ARABIA - They don't have any famous artists. They like soccer.

Answer the questions:1. Which text accuses the British of being dull?a. Singapore; b. UAE; c. Thailand.2. Which text mentions both unfairness and democracy?a. Korea; b. Japan; Bangladesh.3. Which text compares Britain with a previously powerful country?a. UAE; b. Bangladesh; c. Korea.4. Which text says the British are capable of self-criticism?a. Italy; b. Singapore; c. Hungary.5. Which text talks of the high standard of British universities?a. Hungary; b. Bangladesh; c. Kenya.6. Which text refers to Britain's international business interests?a. Bangladesh; b. Vietnam; c. Korea.7. Which text accuses many British people of having bad habits?a. Hong Kong; b. Japan; c. Thailand.8. Which text says the British are distant?a. Japan; b. Thailand; c. Singapore.9. Which text mentions British originality?a. Hungary; b. Italy; c. Greece.10. Which text says British people are vigorous and tolerant?a. Korea; b. Italy; c. Hungary.11. Which text says Britain is better known for its history than its modern ways?a. Korea; b. UAE; c. Bangladesh.12. Which text refers to the origins of British people's beliefs?a. Korea; b. UAE; c. Japan.