data models-and-automation-jp

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YANG Data Models and Automation

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Benoit Claise, Cisco, [email protected] October 2015

© 2015 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public BRKSPG-2600

Background •  Cisco: Distinguished Engineer

•  Passion for manageability and instrumentation in devices デバイスの管理と計測にずっと力をいれています

•  SNMP, MIB, IP SLA, Embedded Event Manager, IP SLA, NetFlow, NETCONF/RESTCONF, YANG models, event MIB/expression MIB

•  IETF Area Director for Operations and Management (OPS)

•  Believer in standard protocol and data models

標準プロトコルとデータモデルの信奉者です

•  Focus on NETCONF/RESTCONF and YANG

最近はNETCONF/RESTCONFとYANGにフォーカスしています 2


Automation is Required　 •  More intelligence in devices/networks is good デバイスやネットワークにintelligenceがあることはよいこと

•  However, time (and money) is required for customization/configuration 　しかし，カスタマイズやコンフィグには時間とお金がかかる

　Example: Embedded Event Manager as opposed to SNMP

　例：SNMPではなくEEMを使う場合

•  Looking at the scale of networks today … 　現在のネットワークのスケールを考えると…

•  Looking at the frequency of change today … 　現在の変更の頻度を考えると…

•  … Automation from the NMS is required! 　…NMSからの自動化が必要！！

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自動化の必要性


What is YANG?　なぜYANGか?

•  YANG: Yet Another Next-Generation

•  YANG Language: A data modeling language that produces YANG data models 　YANG言語：YANG data modelを生産するモデリング言語

•  YANG Data-Model: explicitly and precisely determines the structure, syntax and semantics of the data 　YANG Data Model：明確かつ詳細に構造，文法，意味を規定

•  Define management information for NETCONF

　NETCONFの管理情報を定義 •  Original focus on configuration information, but not restricted to it 　当初はコンフィグ情報にフォーカス．しかしそれに限るものではない •  Can be separated from NETCONF (not a goal of the specification, but an important aspect) 　NETCONFとは分離可能（仕様のゴールではかったが重要な側面）

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Transport

Remote Operations

Mgmt Services

Mgmt info (encoding)

Mgmt info (definition)

XML-encoded content

YANG modules

NETCONF operations

XML RPC

TLS, SSH

XML/JSON

HTTP

RESTCONF

TCP

IETF NETCONF WG Status: RESTCONF

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Why YANG? Why Data Models?　なぜYANG，なぜData Model?

•  Because YANG is the standard language for network configuration (and also monitoring) YANGはネットワークコンフィグ（と監視）のための標準言語

　 Network Modeling (NETMOD) working group: http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/netmod/

•  Because data models = APIs •  Data Modeling-driven set of APIs is key for automation 　 Model-‐driven API setは，自動化のための鍵

•  Note: the encoding is just one encoding…　 •  NEW: “The NETMOD working group has defined the data modeling language YANG, which can be

used to specify network management data models that are transported over such protocols as NETCONF and RESTCONF. “

　　新：NETMOD WGはYANG data modeling言語を定義したが，それはNETCONFやRESTCONFなどのプロトコルで運ばれるネットワーク管理データモデルに使うことができる •  OLD: "manipulated by the NETCONF protocol” 　　旧：　NETCONFプロトコルによって操作される

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YANG Data Models Development

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www.claise.be

http://www. yangvalidator.com/


YANG Data Models Development •  More than 480 YANG data models in OpenDaylight

•  Metro Ethernet Forum developed Service OAM (SOAM), Fault Management (FM), and Performance Management(PM) YANG models and is currently working on EVC based services as defined in MEF 6.2 and 7.3.

•  The IEEE, has approved a project for 802.1x and 802.1q models, with interest in developing an 802.3 model.

•  Broadband Forum interest

•  ITU-T discussion

•  Coordination job inside and outside the IETF •  YANG Model Classification, draft-bogdanovic-netmod-yang-model-classification-05

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Other IETF YANG-related Activities •  L3SM Working Group, L3VPN Service YANG Module

•  Typically on top of a controller/orchestrator 　基本的にはcontroller/orchestrator上 •  Need to produce all device-central for this L3VPN Service YANG Module 　このL3VPNサービスYANGモジュールのために，全てのdevice central modelを生産する必要がある

•  LIME Working Group, Layer Independent OAM Management in the Multi-Layer Environment •  Focusing on OAM YANG data models for consistent configuration, reporting, and presentation 　一貫性のあるコンフィグ，レポート，表現のためのOAM YANG data modelにフォーカス

•  SUPA Working Group, Simplified Use of Policy Abstractions •  YANG data models for generic policies 　一般的なポリシーのためのYANG data model

•  I2NSF, Interface to Network Security Functions •  Focusing on security related YANG models セキュリティー関連のYANG data modelにフォーカス 9


Messages •  YANG is the data modeling language for configuration and monitoring 　YANGはコンフィグおよび監視のためのmodeling言語

•  Data Modeling-driven set of APIs is key for automation

　Data Model driven API setは，自動化のための鍵である

•  And automation is required these days

　今日では自動化は必須

•  Many YANG data model developments　　多くのdata modelが開発されている •  In different standard development organizations (but primarly at the IETF), •  In opensource

•  NETCONF and RESTCONF(XML/JSON)

•  Vendor implementation (you know how to contact me) 　ヴェンダ実装..　(コンタクトして戴いて構いません．．)

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NETCONF IETF Standard Information V 1.0 V 1.1 Extension

RFC 3535 Background and Requirements

RFC 6241 1.1 Base NETCONF Protocol

RFC 5277 Event Notifications

RFC 4741 1.0 Base NETCONF Protocol

RFC 6242 NETCONF over SSH

RFC 5717 Partial Locking

RFC 4742 NETCONF over SSH

RFC 6243 With defaults

RFC 6244 NETCONF + YANG

Architectural Overview RFC 6536 NETCONF Access Control Model

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Standard References: YANG •  RFC 6020: YANG – A Data Modeling Language for the Network Configuration Protocol

•  RFC 6087: Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers of YANG Data Model Documents

•  RFC 6110: Mapping YANG to Document Schema Definition Languages and Validating NETCONF Content

•  RFC 6643: Translation of SMIv2 MIB Modules to YANG Modules

•  RFC 6991: Common YANG Data Types

•  RFC 7223: A YANG Data Model for Interface Management

•  RFC 7224: IANA Interface Type YANG Module

•  RFC 7227: A YANG Data Model for IP Management

•  RFC 7317: A YANG Data Model for System Management

•  RFC 7407: A YANG Data Model for SNMP Configuration 13


YANG Resources •  YANG Doctors: http://www.ietf.org/iesg/directorate/yang-doctors.html

•  YANG Model Coordination Group: http://www.ietf.org/iesg/directorate/yang-model-coordination-group.html

•  The Routing Area YANG Coordination Forum: http://trac.tools.ietf.org/area/rtg/trac/wiki/RtgYangCoord

•  All the stats compiled on www.claise.be

•  http://www.yangvalidator.com/

•  http://www.yang-central.org

•  http://www.netconfcentral.org/

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