denisi hr 1e_ch.01_student

Copyright © 2012 by Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 1- 1

Chapter 1 The Nature of

Human Resource Management

Prepared by Joseph B. MoscaMonmouth University

PowerPoint Program Prepared by Joseph Mosca, Monmouth University

Copy right Cengage Learning


Learning Objectives

1. Describe contemporary human resource management perspectives.

2. Trace the evolution of the human resource function in organizations.

3. Identify and discuss the fundamental goals of human resource management.

4. Describe the job of human resource managers from the perspectives of professionalism and careers.

5. Discuss the setting for human resource management.


Human Resources (HR)

Human resources are the people an organization employs to carry out various jobs, tasks, and functions in exchange for wages, salaries, and other rewards.


What Is Human Resource Management (HRM) ?

The comprehensive set of managerial activities and tasks concerned with developing and maintaining a qualified workforce - human resources – in ways at contribute to organizational effectiveness.


Contemporary Human Resource Management Perspectives

In most organizations today, the role of human resource management has become quite important. This results partly from a growing realization of the importance of people as a source of competitive advantage, but there are more practical reasons, such as:

Passage of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act made it clear that organizations had to find ways to hire, reward, and manage people effectively within the limits of the law.


Scientific management,one of the earliest approaches

to management, was concernedwith how to structure individualjobs to maximize efficiency and

productivity.

The human relations era was marked by an emphasis

on finding ways to keep workers happy, since it was

assumed that “happy workers were productive

workers.”

As organizations grew, they created specialized units—personnel departments—to work with employees.

This new type of management function was called

personnel management.

The 1964 Civil Rights Act, as well as other legal regulations, made the process of hiring and

promoting employees morecomplex, creating a need for

HR specialists

Evolution of the Human Resource Function


Human Resource Management in the Electronic Age

Electronic technology has not drastically affected the basic approach to how we manage human resources, but certainly had an effect on how HRM systems are delivered.


Emerging Human Resource ChallengesHR managers face an array of new

challenges including:financial criseshow stress is becoming a major factor in people’s

lives Knowledge workers: employees whose jobs

are primarily concerned with the acquisition of knowledge, and HR managers play a role in applying that knowledge.


Promoting Individual Growth & Development

Another goal for HR managers is promoting the personal growth and development of its employees by offering:EducationSkills training Career development


HR Management as a Staff Versus Line Function

Line managers: those directly responsible for creating goods and services.

Staff managers: those responsible for supporting line management’s efforts to achieve organizational roles and objectives.

Many organizations have blurred this distinction.


Human Resource Management in Smaller Organizations

Small organizations still use operating managers to handle their basic human resource functions.

Small independent businesses are generally operated in the same way as small organizations.

Very small organizations are exempt from many legal regulations.


Human Resource Management in Larger Organizations

As the organization grows a separate human resource unit becomes a necessity.

When an organization reaches 200 to 250 employees, it generally establishes a self-contained human resource department.

As the organization continues to grow the human resource department grow as well into specialized departments.


A Systems-Based Perspective

The human resource management subsystem both affects and is affected by other functional subsystems throughout the organization.

Utility analysis is the attempt to measure, in more objective terms, the impact and effectiveness of human resource management practices in terms of metrics such as a firm’s financial performance.


Careers in Human Resource Management

Careers in HR continue to grow and are expected to do so.

How to enter the HR field:Earn a degree, seek and entry level job, and

becoming a line manager.Some universities offer a master of science or

MBA in HR.