department of field crops field crop pests 2019-2020.pdfaspergillus nige and rhizopus stolonifer and...

Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research

Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشیه‌ب‌تی‌دڵىیایی‌جۆری‌و‌متماو‌رای‌ب‌ڕێوي‌ب

Department of Field crops

Technical Institute in Khabat

Erbil Polytechnic University

Subject : Field Crop Pests

Course Book – ( Year 2)

Lecturer's name MSc : Nahla Jawher Kareem

Academic Year: 2019/2020



Course Book

1. Course name Field crop Pests

2. Lecturer in charge Nahla Jawher Kareem

3. Department/ College Department Field crops in Technical Institute in Khabat- Erbil Polytechnic University in Erbil –Iraq.

4. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Tel: (optional):07502524948

5. Time (in hours) per week For example Theory: 1 Practical: 3

6. Office hours 4

7. Course code Field crop Pests

8. Teacher's academic profile * Msc. in Science of Agriculture - Department Field crops – College of Agriculture - University of Sulaimani-2006.

Thesis title: Antifungal Activities of Extracts of Some Plant Grown Naturally in Kurdistan.

* Bsc. in Biological science – Department Biology science - College of Education – University of Anbar. 1998.

Employment history:

2012-2020: Lecturer in Technical Institute in Khabat- Erbil- Polytechnic University in Erbil –Iraq. Until now.

2008-2012: Assistant lecturer in college of agriculture- Kirkuk University - Iraq.

2006-2008: Assistant lecturer in college of agriculture and Manger of office of president of Kirkuk University - Iraq.

2004-2005: Manger of office of deputy president of Kirkuk University - Iraq.

2003-2001: Employee in college of administration and economy-University of Anbar.

Courses attended:

*Two courses in English language in 2000 and 2008.

*Two courses in learning computer in 2002 and 2008.

*Completed courses in Method of Teaching in 2007.

*Rural course development in (Universal performance and Quality



insurance).

*Attended in many conference and symposiums dealing agriculture Science and development.

Publicated researches:

1- Antifungal Activity of Leave's Extraction of Some Forest Trees Against Aspergillus nige and Rhizopus stolonifer.(2015).

2- Activity of some Ponica granatum L. 's parks , leaves of Qurecus aegilops L.and Quercus infectoria O. on the growth of some pathogenic fungi of plants.(2011).

3- The effectioness of plant extracts (Sorghum Halepens L.) and (Lantana Camara L.) In inhibiting the growth of fungi , Aspergillus nige and Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium oxalicum.(2012).

4- Sensitivity Of Some Local & Non local Forest Tree Sap Woods Of Fungal Infections byChanging In Specific Weight Ratios And Chemical Components Of Wood.(2015).

9. Keywords Pests of Field crops , Deceases of plant

10. Course overview:

During the presentation of the lecture we talk about most of the pests and diseases that affect field crops and also the damage to plants and the description of signs of disease that appear after the injury of the pest or disease. Students are also taught how to control pests and diseases. For example, the infection of the field cricket, which affects most of the fields, two stages of their life cause damage to plants, which are larvae and adults. The insect is described as the insect previously mentioned, the color of the adults are shiny black and the hind legs are changed to jump and the egg laying machine in the females is long. Males are smaller than females and their color is light black. The larvae are like adults but smaller. And also talk about the symptoms of the disease and damage to plants, for example, in the case of the disease of the field cricket, it affects small plants, fed, damaged and eliminated, Sometimes they feed on the stem, branches and leaves of large plants. At the end of the lecture we will present how to control the pest or disease In the previous pest follow the following for control:

1- Good tillage of infected land so that insects and larvae can appear and therefore birds feed on them.

2- (Sphinx Pesticide of 10%) can be used at a concentration at 4 kg / 96 kg bran at sunset.



11. Course objective: 1 - increase the profit from agricultural production, so the farmer must be aware of what may affect the crops of diseases so that he can prepare the resistance to increase his crop. 2 - Identify the infected plants and disperse them from infected others. 3 - knowing the stages of insects harmful to crops, as not all stages or insects harm crops. 4 - Identify diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes in general. 5. Develop appropriate methods for the prevention of insects and diseases. 6 - Knowing how to control insects and diseases by appropriate methods especially approved chemical methods.

12. Student's obligation Duties of the student during the lecture 1 - Student presence in the classroom because one of the reasons for the student's understanding of the lesson is the presence during the lecture 2- Writing the reports for the practical lesson and the presence of the student during the scientific trip. 13. Forms of teaching The lecture can be presented in a variety of ways, such as Datasho, PowerPoint and reporting, as well as the use of black and white boards.

14. Assessment scheme Breakdown of overall assessment and examination

‌1- Hold a short exam at the end of the lecture or discuss the topics that were presented to the students to participate in the discussion. 2 - Writing reports for each scientific lesson, especially the student graduation project for the purpose of providing seminary. 3- Conduct monthly examinations as well as annual exams.

15. Student learning outcome: 1- The student learns to reduce the percentage of field pests through field service and plant protection 2- The student learns that the pest or disease harms its crops and reduces its economic value 3-The student learns how to use the pesticides and the amount that can be used for each type of plant and if not controlled it can lead to the death of plants 4-The student learns about many diseases and dispenses them through scientific trips. 5-Through presentation of the lecture, the student learns a lot about pests and diseases and learns to describe the disease and the damage it produces on the one hand and how to control it.



16. Course Reading List and References‌: ‌مصر.‌‌‌–االسكندرية‌‌–(‌.االدارة‌المتكاملة‌لالفات.‌مكتبةالمعارف‌الحديثة‌2002،‌عصمت‌دمحم‌)حجازي -- (‌ ‌رمضان ‌احمد ‌نديم ،‌ ‌رياض‌احمد ،‌ ‌اليازوردي‌2000العراقي ‌دار ‌الزراعية. ‌االفات ‌مكافحة ‌في ‌التطبيقي ‌.المرشد )

االردن.‌‌–عمان‌‌–العلمية‌للنشر‌والتوزيع‌ (.حشرات‌البساتين.0992جرجيس،‌سالم‌جميل‌،‌د.‌سالم‌جميل‌جرجيس‌،،‌د.‌دمحم‌عبد‌الكريم‌دمحم.‌)‌ -هيئة‌المعاهد‌‌–(.‌امراض‌النبات.‌‌وزارة‌التعليم‌العالي‌والبحث‌العلمي‌0991ديوان،‌مجيد‌متعب‌و‌علي‌حسين‌البهادلي‌.)‌ -

بغداد.‌‌–الفنية‌‌الفنية‌،‌‌0990بيب‌)ابو‌الحب‌جليل‌كريم،‌خالد‌عبد‌الرزاق‌ح - ‌العملي‌(‌هيئة‌المعاهد ‌االفات‌الحيوانية‌الالحشرية‌) .‌ )

العراق‌،‌دار‌الحكمة‌. (.‌امراض‌النبات‌العملي.‌كلية‌الزراعة‌،‌قسم‌وقاية‌النبات‌،‌جامعة‌البصرة.0991نخيالن‌،‌عبد‌العزيز‌مجيد‌،)‌ -

17. The Topics: Lecturer's name: Nahla Jawher Kareem

Date and time of the lecture

outline week

(1 hrs)

1/9/2019

Pest, types of pest. 1

Protozoa, Nematodes, Mites and Ticks, Snails, Rodents, Birds. 2

Types of Pesticide and the natural control. 3

The applied control , Mechanic control, Agriculture control, Legal control, Biological control.

4

Chemical control, complete control, Genetic control, Administration program of pests.

5

Methods of use of pesticide. 6

Suni bug, wheat aphid, wheat ground beetle. 7

The carrion trips, cereal leaf miner, beetle wheat ground. 8

Mole cricket, locust, grasshopper. 9

Field cricket , white ant , ant. 10

Wasp, wire worms or beetles, bean butter fly. 11

Black bean aphid, the red pumpkin beetle, 12

Potato stem borer, eggplant stem borer, the onion maggot. 13

The diseases of plant and type of diseases. 14

Bacteria .Virus Nematode, Fungi. 15

Cover smut of wheat or bund smut, cover smut of Barely and oat, loose smut of wheat.

16



Loose smut of barely, black stem rust of wheat, orange rust of wheat.

17

Yellow rust of wheat, Powdery mildews of wheat and

barely, Spike Blight of wheat. 18

Seed galore ear cockle of wheat, Wheat streak ‌, Common smut of corn

19

Damping off corn, Bacterial wilt of con, stem rot of rice. 20

Bacterial blight of rice, rice dwarf, stem stunt. 21

Alfalfa mosaic, cotton root not nematode, powdery mildew of sugar beet.

22

Sclerotium wilt of sesame, fusarium wilt of peanut. 23

Soya bean mosaic, Alternaria leaf spot, Phytophthoral rots. 24

Fusarium wilt, dodder, broorape, sun scald. 25

Fruit cracking tomato, Premature seeding of celery 26

18. Practical Topics : Lecturer's name: Nahla Jawher Kareem Lajan muhmmad

Date and time of the lecture

outline week

(3 hrs)

1/9/2019

Handling glasses ware and equipments used in phyto pathology lab.

1

Microscope. 2

Collecting insect 3

Preparation of sample to store it in lap. 4

Pinning board and inflating larva . 5

External anatomy: the head processes. 6

Type of antennae. 7

Mouth part. 8

Thorax: the thoracic processes, the type of legs. 9

The type of wing. 10

Abdomen : the abdominal processes. 11



Types of metamorphosis , type of larvae, type of pupa. 12

Sanitation and sterilization 13

The media. 14

Experiment about potato dextrose agar (PDA). 15

Prepare of slide and uses of the microscope. 16

Isolation of pathogen, Isolation of fungi. 17

Experiment about direct Isolation of fungi from pathogen fruits.

18

Isolation of bacteria, Isolation of viruses. 19

Isolation of nematode.

20

Experiment about direct Isolation of nematode from plant root.

21

View insect forms 22

Necrotic symptoms, blight, canker, root rot, dumping off. 23

Basal steam rot m , soft rot and dry rot, anthracnose, scub, club root, galls warts, witches broom, leaf curls.

24

Wilting, rust mildew, smut, rosette, shut hole, coloration. 25

Dwarfing, blasting, mosaic, die back, mummy. 26

19. Examinations: 1. Compositional: Q- Define the following terms:

1- Pest ‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌ 2-Natural control ‌‌3-‌Insects‌

answer: 1-Pest: Any organism that grows abnormally in the environment and damages the environment. 2-Natural control: It is a group of natural factors that work to reduce the pest without human intervention. Natural control is based on the principle of natural balance between the vital capacity pest on the one hand and the elements of environmental resistance on the other. 3-Insects: creatures of different sizes from 1 mm to more than 10 cm live in different environments and feed on live and dead plants and animals and also infect stored food.

2.True or false type of exams:

1-Sunn pest affects field crops, especially wheat and barley.



answer: yes

2-To control the mole cricket insect we use a hostatheon pesticide

answer: no

3-One of the symptoms of wheat beetle is the yellowing of the leaves, dryness and death.

answer: yes

3. Multiple choices: 1-Insects live at a temperature a-15-27C b-50-75C c-40-50C 2-Scientific name of wheat germ disease a-Schizaphis granarium b-Zabrus morio c-Haplothrips tritici 3-One of the causes of plant disease a- Favourable Environment b- Active Pathogen c- both of them 4-What is the damage of rodents? 1 - Infect plants and feed them as in the orchards of apricots, pomegranate, poppy, watermelon and vegetables and infect field crops such as cotton seeds and sunflower and lend stalks of wheat and barley, and eat seeds and lend small seedlings in the forests. 2 - Attacking poultry fields and eating eggs and small chickens. 3. Rodents transmit some serious diseases to humans such as plague, tuberculosis and meningitis. 4 - Attack the apiary and cause great damage to the hives. 5 - Attack stores and food, which leads to loss of nutritional value. 5-How to control a Wheat Ground beetle insect? A-Follow the agricultural cycle and non-cultivation of land infected with the insect year after year wheat and barley, as this method gives good results. B-Chemical control using a diazinone pesticide 60% at 500 ml / dunum. The control is preferred during January. 6-Describe the insect of Suni Bug and what are the symptoms of injury and damage? Description: The adult insect: the color of brown to gray and on the surface of the dorsal patches or

dark lines, the body oval shape and wide dorsal shield covers most of the abdomen. The male is

smaller than the female.

Nymph: Oval shape changes color during growth from brown to black

The insect attacks the leaves, stems and grains, leading to the weakness of the plant and delaying its growth. It may lead to the death of the stems above the feeding areas and cause a decrease in the yield. The infected grains are inert and fragile. Their flour is incoherent when it is kneaded and leaves the insect smelly on the remains of the plants. .



7-Define mechanical control and then how many type is it? This method is based on the use of manual or mechanical means to eliminate the pest. Among these means are: A-Collecting and picking: B- The use of traps C- Setting up barriers: D- Temperature control: E-Eliminating the host: 8-What are the symptoms of the following diseases: 1 - Red beetle insect in the cucumbers. 2-Bacterial blight disease in rice. 3-Sclerotium wilt in sesame. answer: 1. Red beetle : The damage of larvae more than the damage of adult insects where the larvae are digging in the stems, roots and fruits touching the surface of the soil and this leads to the weakness of plants and yellowing and dryness and rotting roots as well as damage to the fruits and roted. As for the adult insects, they feed on the soft leaves and floral parts and cause damage. 2 - bacterial blight on rice: appear lines saturated with water on the upper surface of the leaves extend along the edges along the blade of the paper and then turn yellow when the injury progress and then yellowing the color of the paper and then turns gray due to the growth of fungi. Yellow spots surrounded by water-filled areas appear on the floral sources of green grains. As the infection progresses, the bacteria reach the developing summit and lead to plant death. 3 - Sclerotium wilt : Symptoms appear wilt with the presence of large stone bodies in the dead areas of the stem dark color grows in the area of infection white fungus, which infects the roots and stems. 9-How to control the following diseases: 1-Orange rust in wheat leaves. 2-Root not Nematode in cotton. 3-Black Bean aphid. answer: 1 - Orange rust on the leaves of wheat: A - Cultivation of resistant varieties. B. Avoid intensive agriculture and moderation in nitrogen fertilization and cultivation in soils with good drainage. C) The use of fungicides such as spray with the Ditheen pesticide. 2 - Root not Nematode in cotton: A-Use of resistance varieties. B- Appropriate agricultural courses. C - the use of pesticides such as Al-Temic pesticide 10%. 3 - Black Bean aphid: A - Use of vital enemies such as lion of Aphid and beetle which limit the injury. B-Use of pesticides such as Primor 50%.

20. Extra notes: For the development of the agricultural sector in the Kurdistan region, more attention should be paid to agricultural production, especially field crops such as wheat and rice production, to become a source of production in various aspects.



21. Peer review ڵ‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌ی‌هاوه‌وه‌پێداچوونه This course book has to be reviewed and signed by a peer. The peer approves the contents of your course book by writing few sentences in this section. (A peer is person who has enough knowledge about the subject you are teaching, he/she has to be a professor, assistant professor, a lecturer or an expert in the field of your subject).

ود‌‌ود‌بکات‌و‌ج‌س‌پ‌‌ک‌کاوی‌کۆرس‌ت‌ڕۆکی‌باب‌واوي‌یر‌بکرێت‌و‌س‌‌وي‌کادیمی‌ڵێکی‌ئ‌ن‌اوي‌الی‌بێت‌ل‌دي‌‌م‌کۆرسبووک‌ئ

.ر‌بکات‌س‌و‌واژووی‌ل‌ک‌ڕۆکی‌کۆرس‌ر‌شیاوی‌واوي‌س‌ک‌بىووسێت‌ل‌ی‌شوو ‌‌‌.بێت‌متر‌و‌مامۆستا‌ک‌‌ی‌زاوستی‌ل‌بیت‌پل‌و‌دي‌‌ک‌ر‌کۆرس‌س‌بێت‌ل‌زاویاری‌‌‌ک‌‌ی‌س‌و‌ک‌ڵ‌ئ‌اوي

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