Development of an intervention program based on Creative Problem Solving Coaching (CPSC) in the Creative Flow Scale in Skills and Self-efficacy

Yoga TOKUYOSHI

31st International Congress of Psychology (ICP2016)

Tuesday, July 26 2016

【Objective】

Recently, the Intervention studies of

Coaching have increased.

However, there have been few studies that focus and evaluate an intervention program of the Creative Coaching based on Psychology. This study focuses and reports on the development and evaluation of a short interventionprogram of Creative Problem SolvingCoaching based on Psychology.

September, 2013 Tokyo and Sendai in Japan

This Study was conducted to assess the effect

of the short intervention program using a semi-structured interview, a self-report questionnaires

based on the CREATIVE model

(Tokuyoshi et al., 2014).

■CFS was developed for evaluation of the Creative Skills and Self –efficacy at necessitates an approach based on a Creativity and Psychology.

【12 items with 5-point Likert scale. 2 subscales】

◆【Creative Skills】： 7 items(e.g., “I feel that I have skills to create something.”)

◆【Creative Self-efficacy】 : 5 items(e.g., “I feel that I have a confidence of Creativity.”)

Creative Flow Scale in Skills and Self-Efficacy (CFS) (Tokuyoshi, 2016)

【Material】1: Scale

CFS was developed on Creative Flow model

Creative Self –efficacy【High】

CreativeSkill【High】

•This Creative flow model is hypothesized that the person who has skills and self-efficacy of Creativity will be able to demonstrate a high performance in Creativity.

VentureCreativ

e Flow

Apathy Wasteful

(Only Skill)

(Only Self-efficacy)

Creative Flow Scale in Skills and Self efficacyItem I feel that … F1 F2 Hi Dsc

Q1：I can imagine some new things to add or put something together.

.74 .05 .55 2.7

Q2：I can imagine some new things making modifications or applying.

.85 -.12 .56 2.9

Q3：I can imagine some new things using new methods.

.73 .05 .58 2.8

Q4： I can imagine some new things making it simple.

.54 .05 .45 1.7

Q5： I can imagine some new things changing viewpoints.

.72 -.05 .55 2.4

Q6： I can imagine some new things using new tools.

.58 .06 .50 1.8

Q7： I can imagine some new things using something from other domains.

.79 -.06 .57 2.8

Q8： I have the ability to challenge myself to new things.

.05 .77 .62 3.0

Q9： I want to challenge myself to new things. .17 .51 .51 1.7

Q10： I can carry out new things. -.12 .95 .64 3.6

Q11： I can imagine various ideas. .24 .54 .55 2.2

Q12： I am ready to begin new things. -.08 .68 .52 1.7

“Creative Skills” Factor was based on CREATIVE Model(Tokuyoshi et al.,2014)

C: Curiosity Purpose or ConceptR: Research, Resources & ReframeE: Expand or EliminateA: Adapt, Attach, Apply to combineT: Technique or ToolI : Import from different fields or cultures V: Venture and PreparationE: Evaluation※Applying of Creative Problem Solving, Cognitive Behavioural

and Solution focused approach

Interview Sheet -CREATIVE based on Creative Problem Solving Coaching

(Tokuyoshi, Iwasaki & Palmer, 2014)

【Material】2 : Work sheet of Coaching

Interview Sheet of the CREATIVE

We made an Interview Sheet of

Creative Problem Solving Coaching.

Applying the CREATIVE model （Tokuyoshi et al., 2014）.

◆What is the difference between this Interview sheet

and Practice model?

IS-CREATIVE worksheet

(1) It is used within one coaching session.

(2)The imagery technique was added to run a simulation.

(3) The Cognitive behavioural and Solution focused approach (Grant et al., 2013) concept was added.

(4) The evaluation of Self-efficacy of Creative Problem

Solving Coaching was added.

【Method of the experiment 】

Participants (N=25) were randomlyassigned to Intervention and Control group.

Conditions of the intervention◆Intervention Group filled out the interview sheet and then was interviewed by the Coach. ◆Control Group did not do anything

during the intervention.

The effect of the intervention was assessed with Creative Flow Scale by comparing pre- and post-intervention scores.

Pre-Test

◆Intervention Group(N=15)1.Educated about the creativity.Filled out the Interview Sheet-CREATIVE.2.Practice of Coaching using

Interview Sheet-CREATIVE.

Post-Test

【Questionnaire】

Creative Flow ScaleIn Skills and Self efficacy (CFS)

【Questionnaire】

Creative Flow Scale

Figure Flow chart of this study.

◆Control Group(N=10)

Main Subject

Random assignment (RCT)

◆N=25Mean age=39.5(SD=12.5)

◆Data analysis

1: ANCOVA:

Post-test (Bound variables), Pre-test (Covariate), 2 conditions（Fixed Factor）

2: Effect Size (Cohen’s d) ：It was derived from & Intervention phase (Pre, Post)

Result N=25, Mean age=39.5(SD=12.5)

◆Pre data :

◆Anova between the pre total score of CFS and 2 conditions:

F(1, 23)=10.4, p < .01 (significance)

◆Anova between the pre total score of CFS in low score group and 2 conditions

F(1, 13)=2.1, n.s.(No significance)

Condition ＮIntervention 15Control 10

considering preliminary survey in pre-test.

Results of the total score of CFS

Control

（N=10）

Intervention

（N=15）

CFS Pre Post d Pre Post d F

CFS

TotalM 43.0 42.8 -.04 48.2 50.9 .51 12.4**

SD 5.0 5.1 5.8 4.9

Creative

SkillsM 26.0 26.3 .09 29.1 30.6 .43 5.3*

SD 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.1

Self efficacy

of CreativityM 17.0 16.5 -.14 19.1 20.3 .54 15.3***

SD 3.7 3.3 2.6 2.0

ANCOVA

CFS Total Score

43

48

43

51

38

40

42

44

46

48

50

52

Control Intervention

Tota

l sco

re o

f C

FS

Pre Post

d=.51, p<.01

Control < Intervention** p <.01

Results of the CFS in Low

Control Intervention

CFS Pre Post d Pre Post d F

CFS

TotalM 41.0 40.8 -.09 43.1 2.6 1.49 13.4＊＊

SD 3.0 2.9 47.3 2.9

Creative

SkillsM 25.0 25.3 .20 25.8 28.3 1.40 6.8＊

SD 1.6 1.8 1.5 2.1

Self efficacy

of CreativityM 26.3 26.6 .07 26.6 28.3 .85 2.0

SD 4.2 4.2 2.1 1.9

ANCOVA

CFS Total Score of Low Group (pre score)

41

43

41

47

36

38

40

42

44

46

48

Control InterventionPre Post

Control(N=8)<Intervention(N=7)** p <.01

d=1.49, p<.05Considering for a ceiling effect

Discussion ■On the part of Coachee, The scores of CFS

and CFS Subscales were statistically

significant.

【Middle effect】Total Score of CFS

【High effect】Total Score of CFS in low group.

■However, it will be necessary to conduct a

psychological experiment based on Creativity.

(Ex: Using Creativity Methods)

Main Reference

• Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper and Row.

• Tokuyoshi，Y, Iwasaki,S, & Palmer,S. (2013). Development of an Interview Sheet based on the CREATIVE model for Coaching Psychology Practice. Coaching Psychology International, 7(1), 4-10.

The Creative Flow in Skills and Efficacy Scale (Tokuyoshi,Y., 2016)

Please rate the following statements on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).

1: Strongly Disagree 2: Disagree 3: Neutral 4: Agree 5: Strongly Agree

I feel that...

＿＿Q1： I can imagine some new things to add or put something together.

＿＿Q2： I can imagine some new things making modifications or applying.

＿＿Q3： I can imagine some new things using new methods.

＿＿Q4： I can imagine some new things making it simple.

＿＿Q5： I can imagine some new things changing viewpoints.

＿＿Q6： I can imagine some new things using new tools.

＿＿Q7： I can imagine some new things using something from other domains.

＿＿Q8： I have the ability to challenge myself to new things.

＿＿Q9： I want to challenge myself to new things.

＿＿Q10：I can carry out new things.

＿＿Q11：I can imagine various ideas.

＿＿Q12：I am ready to begin new things.

■Total Score （ ） ■Creative Skills （ ） ■Creative Self-efficacy （ ）

Factor M SD α Ht

CFS All （Q01-12） 46.2 9.4 .90 .48

Creative Skills （Q01-Q07） 28.7 5.5 .87 .54

Creative Self-efficacy （Q08-Q12） 17.5 4.9 .84 .57