digital image processing
DESCRIPTION
Digital Image Processing. Dr. Ren Mingwu Lab 603, Department of computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China Tel: 025-4315751-724 Email:[email protected]. Reference books in Chinese : 《图象工程》上下册,章毓晋,清华大学出版社。 《图象分割》,章毓晋,清华大学出版社。 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 1
Digital Image Processing
Dr. Ren MingwuLab 603, Department of computer Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaTel: 025-4315751-724Email : [email protected]
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 2
Reference books in Chinese : 《图象工程》上下册,章毓晋,清华大学出版社。 《图象分割》,章毓晋,清华大学出版社。 《计算机视觉》,吴立德, 复旦大学出版社。 《图象处理与分析》, 徐建华, 科学出版社。 《计算机视觉与模式识别》郑南宁,国防工业出版社。
Reference journals in Chinese 《计算机研究与发展》 《中国图像图形学报〉 《计算机工程 》 《模式识别与人工智能 》 《电子学报》
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 3
References in English (can be found in library or Lab 603, in NUST)
《 IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 》 , Abbreviated by T-PAMI
《 IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 》 ,T-IP
《 Pattern Recognition 》 ,PR
《 Image and Vision Computing 》 ,IVC
《 Optical Engineering 》 ,OE
《 Artificial Intelligence 》 ,AI
《 Computer Vision and Image Understanding 》 ,CVIU
《 Graphical Models and Image Processing 》 ,GMIP
《 Machine Vision and Applications 》 ,MVA
《 Pattern Recognition Letters 》 ,PRL
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 4
Chapter.1 Preface
1.1 Intruduction Digital Image processing, that is, the manipulation of images by computer, has been playing a more and more important role in today’s computer field. Four factors stimulate its development as the following:
(1) Declining cost of the computer equipment required.
(2) Increasing availability of equipment for digitizing and displaying images.
(3)New technology, such as inexpensive charge-coupled device (CCD), new memory technologies for large low-cost image storage arrays, and inexpensive, high-resolution color display systems, trends to further the growth of the field.
(4)Widely applied in commercial, medical application, industrial and in scientific research. <some examples>
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 5
1.2 The Elements of Digital Image processing System
Fig.1 A physical image and a corresponding digital image
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 6
1)-n1,-f(m 1,1)-f(m 1,0)-f(m
1)-nf(1, f(1,1) f(1,0)
1)-nf(0, f(0,1) f(0,0)
F
Fig.2 Digitizing an Image
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 7
TmfffF ,,, 110
)1,(,),1,(),0,( nifififfi Here,
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 8
Fig.3 A digital image processing system
There are two popular input devices: Camera and Scanner
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 9
A line CCD device 2048x1
The Curve of
wavelength response
A digital CameraA normal
anolog
camera
A pinhole camera
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 10
A dome camera
Technical Specipications
A IP Camera
传统摄像机 + 内置服务器 + 内置网卡,通过以太网或互联网进行访问,支持远程控制 ( 云台 + 解码器 + 镜头 ) ,支持客户端多路同时录像,远端的浏览者不需任何专业软件,只要标准的网络浏览器 (Microsoft IE 或Netscape)
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 11
常用的摄像机与计算机的接口方式 :(1) 模拟摄像机 + 专业图像卡(2) 模拟摄像机 + 多媒体卡(3) 数字摄像机 +USB 接口(4) 数字摄像机 +1394 接口 ( 或接口卡 )(5) 高分辨率数字摄像机 + 专业的数字接口卡 (RS644 、 LVDS 卡 )
摄像机 价格模拟摄像机 800˜4000 元
电脑眼 200 ˜500 元IP 摄像机 4000 ˜8000 元红外热象仪 20-50 万元100 万象素以上的数字摄像机 3 ˜8 万元
A simple camera
Usually called PC Eye
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 12
B_ORION (AGP)
ICOLOR (PCI)
带 CPU 的 Odyssey Xpro
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 13
扫描仪与计算机的接口方式(1) 扫描仪 + 并口(2) 扫描仪 +SCSI 卡(3) 扫描仪 +USB 接口(4) 扫描仪 +1394 接口 ( 或接口卡 )
克里奥 iQSmart 扫描仪 传感器: CCD 平台式最大分辨率 ( 光学 ): 5,500×10,000dpi最大分辨率 ( 插值 ): 10,000dpi颜色深度 : 16bit最大密度: 4.1密度范围: 3.9接口方式: IEEE1394
Panasonic 2045c 高速扫描仪传输速度: 20MB/s接口方式: Ultra SCSI耐久度:大约 500 万张最大扫描幅面: A4扫描速度: 200dpi 时, A4 双面/ 2 秒钟
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 14
一种 1394卡
一种多媒体卡
一种电视台专用编辑卡
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 15
美国 Coreco公司BanditII图像卡
加拿大Matrox公司B_Orion图像卡
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 16
1.3 The Terminology of Digital Image processing
Fig.4 Types of Images
A digital image is now a two-dimensional rectangular array of quantized sample values
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 17
IR(Infra-red) : Temperature
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 18
Output
Image Descriptive Data
I
N
P
U
T
Image Image Processing Image Analysis and Recognition
Descriptive Data
Image Synthesis(computer graphics)
Non-image-related uses of computers
Tab.1 The differences Between Image Processing, Image Analysis, and computer graphics
However, digital image processing usually covers both digital image processing and image analysis.
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 19
1.4 The Tasks/Contents of Digital Image processing
1.4.1 Three Levels
Low( 低 )
Large( 大 )
Abstract degree
( 抽象程度 )
High Level ( 高层 )
图象理解
图象分析
图象处理
Symbol
( 符号 )
Targets
( 目标 )
Pixels
( 象素 )
Semantic
( 语义 )Middle Level( 中层 )
Low Level( 低层 )
High( 高 )Small( 小)
quantity of data
( 数据量 )
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 20
A : Image Processing A1 Acquirement and Sampling( 图象采集与获取 ), Camera Calibrating( 成象方法、摄象机校正等 )
A2 Image Restoration( 图象重建 ), epically from camera, such as CT.
A3 Image Transform, Filtering, Enhancement, and Recovery( 图象变换、滤波、增强、恢复或复原等 )
A4 Image Compression and Coding( 图象压缩编码 )
B : Image Analysis B1 Edge Detection, Segmentation( 边缘检测、图象分割 )
B2 Target Expression, Description, and Measurement( 目标表达、描述、测量 )
B3 Target Shape, Texture, movement( 目标形状、纹理、空间、运动等的分析 )
B4 2-D Target recognition, classification and extraction(2 维目标的识别、分类和提取 )
C : Image Understanding C1 Image match, console point match ( 序列、立体 ) 图象 ( 特征点 ) 匹配 C2 3-D Model, scene recovery ( 建模、客观场景恢复 )
C3 scene understanding
1.4.2 Contents
2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 21
1.4.3 An example
Image Processing
(Median Filter)
Original Image
Image Analysis
(Edge Detection)
Image Analysis
(Segmentation)
Image Understanding
(There are a table near middle and a desk on up-right corner)