Discussion About Yield

Global Economy Impact on Myanmar

2000-01

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Export and Import Value

ExportImport

US$

Mill

ion

Myanmar 10 years Import & Export Data

ျ�မနမာႏျ�ျငင၏ ဆယျႏျ�စ�တာ တငသြင�ငျ�မႈႏျ�ငျ တငပ႔မႈဆ�ျငရာ အခကအ လကမာ�

Sources: Ministry of Commerce

��ပြ'ာ�က�သနျ�ဝနၾက�ဌာန၏ �ာရငျ�မာ�အရ ၂၀၁၂- ၁၃ခ�ႏျ�စ�အထ က�ငသြန�ယမႈ'�ေျပြငျ�'ခ'ါသည။ ၂၀၁၃-၁၄ခ�ႏျ��မ� �၍ က�ငသြန�ယမႈလ�ျေျပြငျ�'လကရ�ရာ ယငျ�မ�ာ က�ငသြန�ယမႈေျျ�ေ;လာမႈမာ�ေျၾကာငျ လ�'ငနျ�အခ႕သည

informal trade မ� formal trade သ�ျ႔ ေျျ�'ာငျ�လလာေျသာေျၾကာငျျ�;�ျႏျ�ျငေျၾကာငျ� သျ�� သ'ၾက'ါသည။

Current Situation of Dollar in Myanmarလကရ�ေျဒၚလာေအျ�ခေအန

857 Ks = US $1

1/1/2013

1/1/2016 1307 K= US $1

၂၀၁၃ခ�ႏျ�� ျႏျ�စ�ဆနျ�'�ငျ�တြတင ျႏျ�ျငငျ�ခာ�ေျပြင လႏႈနျ�မ�ာ ေအမရကန တ�ေျဒၚလာလ�င က'ေျ

ပြင ၈၅၇ သာရ�ခေျသာျGညညျ� ၂၀၁၆ခ�ႏျ�� ျႏျ�စ�ဆ နျ�'�ျျငျ�တြတင ၁၃၀၇ က'အထ ျ�မငJျတညကခ'ါသည။

Myanmar Kyat was depreciated by 52% in past 5 years

Current US$ vs MMK လကရ�ေျဒၚလာေျပြင ျႏျ�ငျ ျ�'ညတြNOငျ�က'ေျပြငေအျ�ခေအန

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan900

1,000

1,100

1,200

1,300

1,400

1,500

-1%

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

0.00% 0.10%

3.70%

1.13%1.57%

0.27%

1.65%

2.26%

0.47%

-0.23%

0.23% 0.15% 0%

Difference between CBM and Market Rate

Avg Market Rate CBM Exchange Rate Difference

Myanmar Kyat was depreciated by 26.23% in past 12 months

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 20150

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

10-year trend of average exchange rate (Kyat/USD)

Kyat per USDChange %

တြလနခ သညျ ၁၀ႏျ�စ�အစတြတငျ� ေျပြငလႏႈနျ�တြကာျ�ခာ�မႈမာ�က� ေျအာကပါ'ျ�အတ�ျ ငျ�ေျတြတ႔ရ�ရ'ါသည။

ဗဟ�ျဘဏ ေျပြငလႏႈနျ�ႏျ�ငျ ေျ��တြကက ေျပြငလႏႈ

နျ�သည ၂၀၁၅ခ�ႏျ�� �ကတ စငဘာလအထ တြကာျ�ခာ�မႈ ရ�

ခေျသာျGညညျ� ယငျ�ေျနာ ကပျငျ�တြတင တြကာဟမႈ မ

ရ�ေျတာေျၾကာငျ� ေျတြတ႔ရ'ါသည။

5 Year Foreign Exchange Rates of Neighboring Countries

Thai Baht Philippines Peso Indonesia Rupiah

Singapore Dollar Viet nam Dong Malaysia Ringgit

19.59 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)9.46 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015

7.17 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)5.25 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015

53 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)10 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015

9.02 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)6.64 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015 17 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)

7 % Depreciation since 1/1/201539 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)16 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015

ေျဒသတြတငျ�ေျေပြငၾက�မာ�၏ တနဖျ�ေျျ�'ာငျ�လမႈသည ၂၀၁၅ခ�ႏျ�စ�အစတြတငျ� ၁၀% ခန႔သာ ေျျ�'ာငျ�လခ'ါသည။

Laos Kip Cambodia Riel Japan Yen

Korea Won China Yuan Renminbi India Rupee

5 Year Foreign Exchange Rates of Neighboring Countries

1.32 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)0.89 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015 1.1 % Appreciation (2011 – 2015)

0 % Depreciation since 1/1/201547 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)0.18 % Appreciation since 1/1/2015

11 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)5.82 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015

2.17 % Appreciation (2011 – 2015)4.19 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015 47 % Depreciation (2011 – 2015)

4.27 % Depreciation since 1/1/2015

ေျအာကပါ ေျဒသတြတငျ�ေျေပြငၾက�မာ�၏ တနဖျ�ေျျ�'ာငျ�လမႈသည ၂၀၁၅ခ�ႏျ�စ�အစတြတငျ� အ မာ�ဆျ�� ၆% ခန႔သာ ေျျ�'ာငျ�လခ'ါသည။

• Hoarding

Factors Influencing Exchange Rate ေ�ငြ�လႏႈန��က လႊမ��မ�ေ�ေနသာ အခကမာ�

ျ�မနမာႏျ�ျငငတြတင ရငျ�ႏျ��ျ�မ�'ျႏျ�ရန ေျ ေပြငၾက�ေျ��တြကက ျႏျ�ငျ အရငျ�

အႏျ��ေျ��တြကက မရ�ေျသ�သ�;ငျ ေျဒၚ လာေျပြငက� က�နစည သပြ;ယ ��ေျဆာငျ�

ထာ�ေျလရ�ၾက'ါသည။ေျပြငက�ာ�သမာ�က ေျဒၚလာတနဖျ��တ

ကမNဟ သတငျ�လႊငျမႈမာ�ေျၾကာငYျG ညျ� ေျဒၚလာေျပြငက� ��ေျဆာငျ�သ�၀�

ကထ ာ�မႈ မာ�ေျၾကာငYျGညညျ� ေျဒၚလာတ နဖ � ျ�မငJျတညကGကရ�'ါသည။

1 Trillion [1,000 Billion]

One Hundred

17 Trillion $ US Debt

SOFor Every US$ you earn… You are buying US$12.20 of Debt…

Obama Dollar Rally Is Forecast to Join Clinton, Reagan Upturns

• Bloombberg by Ari Alstedter

Negative Interest Rates and Countries

So share me your opinion

• Negative interest rates and countries• Negative interest rates and gold• Negative interest rates and inflation• Negative interest rates and mortgages • Negative interest rates and real estate

Thank you