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Ths. Trng Bch Chin 1

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PHN TCH THC PHM

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM Tp HCM

KHOA CNG NGH THC PHM

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GiI THIU MN HCGing vin: ThS. TRNG BCH CHINPhone: 01686.151.042Email: [email protected]

truongbachchien2011.co.cc

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Gii thiu v ni dung mn hc

4Chng 6: Xc nh Lipit6

4Chng 5: Xc nh Protit5

4Chng 4: nh lng CacbonHydrat4

6Chng 3: nh lng tro, m v khong3

2Chng 2: nh lng acid2

10Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn1

S titNi dungStt

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Ti liu tham kho

[1] Gio trnh l thuyt phn tch thc phm- Khoa CNTP- trng i hccng nghip thc phm TpHCM

[2] Bi Th Nh Thun, Kim nghim lng thc thc phm, Nh xutbn Khoa hc K thut , 1990.

[3] S.Suzanne Nielsen, Food Analysis Second Edition,Gaithersburg,Maryland, 1998.

[4] Trng Bch Chin, gio trnh phn tch cng nghip,Trng Caong Cng nghip TpHCM, 2004

[5] Trng Bch Chin, Phn tch cng nghip thc phm, Trng iHc Cng nghip TpHCM, 2008

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn

1.1. Cng thc nng

1.2. Pha ch dung dch

1.3. Cc phng php phn tch

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.1. Cng thc tnh nng

1.1.1. Nng phn trm khi lng - C (%): biu dins gam cht tan c trong 100 gam dung dch

100m

m%Cdd

ct =

Vi:mct - s gam cht tan (g)mdd - s gam dung dch (g)C% - nng phn trm ca dung dch

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1.1.2. Nng mol CM (M): biu din s mol cht tan ctrong mt lt dung dch.

VnCM =

Vi:n - s mol cht tan (mol)V - th tch dung dch (l)CM - nng mol/l (M)

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1.1.3. Nng ng lng CN (N): biu din s ng lnggam cht tan c trong mt lt dung dch.

V'nCN =

Vi:n - s ng lng gam cht tanV - th tch dung dch (l)CN - nng ng lng (N)

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Mi lin h cc loi nng trn c cho bi cc biu thc:

Trong :

d: khi lng ring ca dung dch (g/ml)M: phn t lng ca cht tan: ng lng gam cht tan (lg)

Md10%CCM =

CM C%

d10%CCN =

CN C%

CN = z.CM

CN CM

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ng lng nh lut ng lng

Nhc nh

Nit trong N2O, NO, N2O3, NO2, N2O5ln lt c ng lng tng ng l bao nhiu?

Cng thc chung ng lng l:z

M =

Trong acid/baz, z ls ion H+ hay OH- b thay th trong 1 phn t axit hay bazTrong phn t mui, z l tch s ion thay th vi in tch ion thay th (ion c th l cation hoc anion) tnh cho 1 phn t mui

Trong hp cht oxy ha kh, n l s electron m mt phn t cht kh c th cho hay mt phn t cht oxy ha c th nhn c tnh cho 1 phn t cht

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1. Tnh th tch nc ct cn pha vo 100mL dung dch HCl 20% (d= 1,1g/mL) thu c dung dch c nng 5%; bit H=1, Cl=35,5a. 300mLb. 380mLc. 330mLd. 400mL2. Tnh th tch nc ct cn pha vo 100g dung dch H2SO4 20% (d= 1,12g/mL) thu c dung dch c nng 5%a. 300mLb. 330mLc. 380mLd. 400mL

V d :

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1. pha ch 100mL dung dch C2H2O4 0,1M, th cn bao nhiu gam lng tinh th C2H2O4.7 H2O , bit C=12; H=1; O=16:a. 2.61 b. 2.36c. 2.16 d. 2.63

2. pha ch 100mL dung dch C2H2O4 0,1M, th cn bao nhiu gam lng dung dch C2H2O4 20%( d= 1,24g/mL) , bit C=12; H=1; O=16:a. 4.5b. 5.4c. 5.8d. 4.8

3. Tnh khi lng tinh th KMnO4 98% theo l thuyt pha 500mL dung dch KMnO4 0,05N . Bit M(KMnO4) = 158dvCa. 1.3435b. 0.1533c. 13.4354d. 0.1443

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1.2.2. Pha ch dung dch t cht rnTnh khi lng cn thit pha V(mL) dung dch (A) CM t tinh th rn (A) c tinh khit (p%) M

pCV

m ..10.

=

16

1. pha ch 100mL dung dch C2H2O4 0,1M, th cn bao nhiu gam lng tinh th C2H2O4.7 H2O , bit C=12; H=1; O=16:a. 2.61 b. 2.36c. 2.16 d. 2.63

2. pha ch 100mL dung dch C2H2O4 0,1M, th cn bao nhiu gam lng dung dch C2H2O4 20%( d= 1,24g/mL) , bit C=12; H=1; O=16:a. 4.5b. 5.4c. 5.8d. 4.8

3. Tnh khi lng tinh th KMnO4 98% theo l thuyt pha 500mL dung dch KMnO4 0,05N . Bit M(KMnO4) = 158dvCa. 1.3435b. 0.1533c. 13.4354d. 0.1443

V d :

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1.3.1. Phng php khi lng1.3.2. Phng php th tch

1.3.2.1. Chun acid baz1.3.2.2. Chun phc cht1.3.2.3. Chun oxy ha kh1.3.2.4. Chun to ta

1.3.3. Phng php o quang

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.1. Phng php khi lng

Ni dung

Mu

ddch mu

Ta

C. rn

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Ly 5(g) mt mu thc phm ccha P em chuyn ha thnhdung dch, ri tin hnh to tadi dng MgNH4PO4 sau khi loi b cc thnh phn khc P. em nung th uc 1,235(g) Mg2P2O7 , tnh hm lng %P ctrong mu ban u?(Mg=24; P=31; O=16; N=14; H=1)

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TNG QUT Hm lng cu t (x) khi chuyn i t

dng mu A (m0) thnh dng cn B (m1) (theo phng trnh chuyn ho: a A b B) sau khi c pha long (nh mc) n ln V1 , V2 , ...Vn ri trch ra m ln V'1 , V'2 , ...V'm .

Cng thc tnh hm lng % s l?

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H s chuyn iB

A

MbMaK.

.

=

FKm

mX ..%0

1=

H s pha long 'VVF =

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Cn 0,35(g) mt lng mui chaNa2SO4 ri nh mc thnh 250mL dung dch. Ht 50(mL) t dung dchny, phn tch theo phng phpkhi lng th c 0,0405(g) BaSO4. Tnh hm lng % SO42c trong mu mui cha Na2SO4ban u.

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S chuyn ha cch gii

Phn ng chuyn i: Na2SO4 BaSO4

H s chuyn i:

Vyhm lng % SO42- =

%88,94%100.64,1.50.35,0250.0405,0

=

64,1233.1142.1

.

.

===

B

A

MbMaK

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1. Ly 5(g) mt mu thc phm c cha P em ta di dng MgNH4PO4ri nung th uc 1,235(g) Mg2P2O7 , th hm lng %P , s l bao nhiu?, bit Mg=24; P=31; O=16; N=14; H=1:a. 6.8982 %b. 6.8897 %c. 6.8789 %d. 6.8778 %2. Ly 5(g) mt mu thc phm c cha P em ta di dng MgNH4PO4ri nung th uc 1,235(g) Mg2P2O7, th hm lng %P2O5 , s l bao nhiu?, bit Mg=24; P=31; O=16; N=14; H=1:a. 15.9817b. 15.7991c. 15.8917d. 15.1789

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.2. Phng php th tch

Ni dung

Mu

ddch mu

Dd phn tch

Chun

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.2. Phng php th tch

Ni dung

Ch th

Dung dch phn tch

Thuc th

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Ch Ch th im tng ng im cui chun Cng thc tnh kt qu S sai lch trong tnh ton v thc t

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V dKhi tin hnh chun 10mL dung dch HCl vi

ch th phenolphtalein, c 9,8mL dung dchNaOH 0,1N th dung dch HCl i t khngmu sang mu hng nht.

1. Xc nh nng dung dch HCl ban u2. Vic chun chnh xc cha? S sai lch

l bao nhiu? Nu qua 3 ln TN th tch caNaOH ln lt l 9,8 9,6 9,2(mL). Bit hs Student t = 4,3 vi tin cy 95%

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Cch tnh kt qu nng

eebb VCVC .. =

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Tnh s sai lch Ti thiu s ln th nghim Tnh theo phng php thng k ton hc Tnh theo s sai lch ca dng c, thit b Tnh theo s sai lch ca phng php

chun

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Ni dung

Ch th

Dung dch phn tch

Thuc th

CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.2. Phng php th tch1.3.2.1. Chun acid - baz

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1. Khi xc nh ch tiu hm lng chua trong thc phm sa, ngi ta dng phng php phn tch th tch g xc nh?a. Phng php chun acid bazb. Phng php chun phc chatc. Phng php chun oxy ha khd. Phng php chun to ta 2. Ch th no thng c dng xc nh hm lng acid ton phn?a. Methyl da camb. Phenolphthaleinc. Thymol xanhd. Alizarin 3. Khi xc nh ch tiu hm lng chua trong thc phm sa, ngi ta thng dng thuc th l cht g?a. Dung dch NaOH 0.1Nb. Dung dch HCl 0.1Nc. Dung dch CH3COOH 0.1Nd. Dung dch KOH 0.1N

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Bi tpChun 20mL dung dch HCl Cx bng

V(mL) dung dch NaOH 0,1N.a. Khi Cx=0,1N v V = 0 15 19,9 20

22(mL) th pH ca dung dch to thnhln lt l bao nhiu?

b. Khi V = 21,2 21,8 22,2 (mL) th Cx lbao nhiu vi tin cy 95%, t = 4,3.

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.2. Phng php th tch1.3.2.2. Chun phc cht

Ni dung

Ch th

Murecid / ET.00

Dung dch phn tchcha ion kim loi

Thuc thcomplecxon

Phng phpComplecxon

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.2. Phng php th tch1.3.2.3. Chun to ta

Ni dung

Ch th

K2CrO4

Dung dch phn tchcha ion Clo

Thuc thdd ion Ag

Mohr

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.2. Phng php th tch1.3.2.4. Chun oxy ha kh

Ni dung

Khng dng ch th

Dung dch phn tchcha ion kim loi

Thuc thpermanganat

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.3. Phng php o quang

Ni dung

Mu

ddch muDdmu

oquang

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nh lut Bougher Lambere-Beer

Mt quang:A = . L . CA = - lg(T)

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Phng trnh o quang

Phng trnh bt nht Phng trnh ng thng hi quy

tuyn tnhA = a + b.C hay C = a + b. A

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CHNG 1: Cc khi nim c bn1.3. Cc phng php phn tch1.3.3. Phng php o quang

p dng nh lut Beer: A = k.C vit phng trnhhi quy tuyn tnh cho dy th chun dng A = a + b.C hay C = a + b. A

Ni dung

Giai on 1: Lp dy th chun o quang

Thay gi tr A (mu) vo pthqtt, tnh cnng ca dung dch mu o quang

Giai on 2: Ly mu phn tch o quang

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CCH LP PHNG TRNHDng my tnh c nhn Tm gi tr a v b Vit phng trnh hi quy tuyn tnh Tinh nng (X) dung dch phn tch Tnh kt qu hm lng (X) trong mu

thc phm ban u

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Trong php phn tch hm lng st tng ctrong thc phm, kt qu mt dy chun st l:Mu 0 1 2 3 4Cppm 0 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25A 0 0,2460,3610,5120,819Phng trnh hi quy tuyn tnh c h s a v b ln lt l bao nhiu trong dng A = a + b. C ?a. 0,17 v + 3,74b. 0,71 v + 3,74c. + 0,17 v - 3,74d. + 0,71 v - 3,74 [C62]

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Trong php phn tch hm lng st tng ctrong thc phm, kt qu mt dy chun st l:Mu 0 1 2 3 4Cppm 0 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25A 0 0,2460,3610,5120,819Nu mu phn tch c A = 0,672 th nng dung dch l bao nhiu?a. 0.2251b. 0.1390c. 0.1374d. 0.1928 [C64]

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em 5(g) mu sa bt v c ha c 500mL dung dch mu, ri ly ra 20mL dung dch phn tch hmlng st tng

Kt qu mt dy chun st l:Mu 0 1 2 3 4CN 0 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25A 0 0,246 0,361 0,512 0,819

Cn em 5mL dung dch phn tch khi o quang, thc A = 0,672.

Hi hm lng st c trong mu ban u l bao nhiu?

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CHNG 2: nh lng acid v phgia

1.1. nh lng acid tng1.2. nh lng benzoat1.3. nh lng sunfit

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CHNG 2: nh lng acid2.1. xc nh tng chua

Ly theo TCVN 1694 - 75Vi mu sa

Nhc nh cch ly mu

-Ly theo can : 5% tng s-Khng di 3 can

-Ly theo v tr Khng gian-Khng t hn 0.5L

-L thy tinh mu, kh sch-Bo qun ni kh mt (1 thng)

-L mu phi ghi r Label: -tn s hiu ngy thng ngi ly- quy cch ly

Ch

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Cch

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

tnh

Nguyn

Tc

chua

Tng

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Nguyn tc

Dng dung dch NaOH 0,1N trung ha lngacid c trong mu vi cht ch th phenolphtalein

1% hoc dng in cc ch th chun

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Mu sa

Ti VmL

Cch tinhnh

Dung

dch Dung dchphntch

ChunbngNaOH0,1N

nh mc 100mL

+ Ht VmL dung dch

+ 5 git PPChun


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Nu chun bng My chun inth

Nhc nh

-Hiu chnh li nng NaOH

-Ci t cc thng s cho my inth (tham kho cch ci t Giotrnh)-Dng khuy t ng cch

-Tnh kt qu trn my chun

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Cng thc tnh

Trong :

Vm: l th tch mu (mL)V: l th tch NaOH 0,1N tiu tn trong chun (mL)Vdd: th tch mu sau x l mang i chun

Vdm: th tch bnh nh mc

K: l h s ca loi acid

d d

. .

.1 0 0 0d mm

K V VV V chua X (g/L) =

?

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+ Vi sa kt qu biu th bng acid lactic K = 0,0090

+ Vi thc phm ln men chua lactic kt qu biu th

bng acid lactic K = 0,0090

+ Vi dm kt qu biu th bng acid axetic K = 0,0060

+ Vi cc loi hoa qu ti, siro, ko.kt qu biu th

bng acid xitric K = 0,0064

+ Vi du m kt qu biu th bng acid oleic K = 0,0282

K l acid tng ng vi 1mL NaOH 0,1N

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CU HI1. Cho bit cch ly mu Bia, nc ngt

khc vi cch ly mu trong sa chuanh th no?

2. Vi mu Bia, chua c tnh theo loiacid g?

3. Nu cc bin php khc phc bt ctrong Bia khi phn tch cc ch tiu trongBia

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CHNG 3: nh lng m, trov khong

3.1. m- phng php sy3.2. Tro- phng php khi lng3.3. Khong nh lng Canxi3.4. Khong nh lng Fe3.5. Khong nh lng P3.6. Khong nh lng NaCl

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ngha M

M T DO

M VT L

M HA HC

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CCHTIN

HNH

CNGTHC

NGUYNTC

SY

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CCHTIN

HNH

CNGTHC

Nguyn

Tc

TRO

TNG

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Cu hi 1. Trong Clip v cch tin hnh, s dng

mu khc nhau, nn iu g thay i? 2. Phng php trong Video Clip l

phng php g? 3. So snh 2 cch tin hnh, cch no

n gin hn/ cch no cho hiu sut tthn?

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Cch

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

tnh

Nguyn

Tc

Canxi

Magie

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X lmu

MU LNG

Dng huyn ph: Lc giy

Dng ln men: loi b CO2

Lc trn k mu bng my khuy

LNG

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X lmuMU RN

B ht v v cng ca

khoang ht

cn v nghin mu trong

my nghin.

RN

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CHNG 3: nh lng m3.1. phng php SY

Nguyn tc

Mu c sy trong 5 h 870C, hao ht khi lng trc v sau khi sy l c s tnh m tng cng.

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Cn musa

Cch tinhnh

Muban u Mu

phntch

Lymura -Cn

Ly mu theo

TCVN 6400

Cha mu trong ct

t trong t sy-Trn

-Sy

CHNG 3: nh lng m3.1. phng php SY

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Cng thc tnh

Trong :

m0 l khi lng mu thc phm

m1 l khi lng ton ct rng trc khi sy

m2 l khi lng ct v mu sau khi sy

m X (g/g) 100.0

12

m

mm =

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Nguyn tc

Chit tro tng s bng nc nng, em nung n khi lng khng i. Hiu s cn trc v sau khi nung dng xc nh hm lng tro tng.

CHNG 3: nh lng tro3.2.1. Xc nh lng tro tng

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Cn muthc phm

Cch tinhnh

Mutroban u

Mutrophntch

nguiCnmu

-Khong 5(g)-Than ha ngui

Cn chnh

xc 4 s

Chit

Lc

Nung

CHNG 4: nh lng tro4.1. Xc nh lng tro tng

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Cng thc tnh

Trong :

m0 l khi lng mu thc phm

m1 l khi lng chn nung rng trc khi nung

m2 l khi lng chn nung v mu sau khi nung

RS l hm lng cht kh ca mu c xc nh

theo ISO 1572, c tnh bng phn trm khi lng

Tro tng X (g/g) 100..0

12

RSmmm

=

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Nguyn tc tm Canxi

Mu mui c ho tan trong acid HCl. Hmlng canxi ho tan trong mu mui c

xc nh bng phng php khi lng. Tinhnh ta caxi di dng CaC2O4, lc, ra v

nung ta nhit 9500C n khi lngkhng i. T tnh c hm lng caxi

c trong mu.

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Nguyn tc tm Magie

Dch lc sau khi xc nh canxi s c sdng xc nh Mg bng phng php khilng. Ta Mg di dng MgNH4PO4.6H2O v nung ta nhit 8500C trong 2 gi

n khi lng khng i chuyn v dngcn Mg2P2O7. T , tnh c hm lng

magi c trong mu mui.

70

Mu Muim(g)

Xc nhCanxi

Dung

dch Dung dchphntch

NungtaCnlngrn m1

+ c x l+ Ha tan bng HCl

+ Lc

+ Ht 50mL dch lc 1

+ cht th

+ Lc gn,

dch loc 2

v ta

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Dch lc 2 ca Canxi

Xc nhMagie

Dung

dchTa

NungtaCnlngrn m2

+ c x l+ un nng

+ Lc

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Cng thc tnh

1007143.0%0

12

=

h

bdm

VV

m

mmCa

1002184.0'%0

13

=

h

bdm

VV

m

mmMg

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Cch

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

tnh

Nguyn

Tc

St

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Nguyn tc

Da vo kh nng to phc mu gia Fe2+v 1 10 phenanthrolein. Trong khongpH = 2 9, phc mu cam gia Fe2+v 1 10 phenanthrolein hp thu cc i bc sng 505 nm. Bng cch xy dngng chun A f(C), ta c th xc nhhm lng Fe trong mu

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Cch tinhnh

To dy chun o quang

Chun b mu Bia

T pthhtt tnh nng Fe

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To dy chun

inh mc thnh 100mLNc ct

2 mLV (o phenanthrolein)

25mLAcid ascorbic (mg)

3210.50.250V Fe2+ (mL) (0.1 mg/mL)

543210STT

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Chun b mu Bia

inh mc thnh100mLNc ct

2 mLV (o phenanthrolein)25mLAcid ascorbic (mg)

101010Mu Bia (mL)321STT

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Tin hnh o quang

Vit phng trnh hi quy tuyn tnh

Tnh hm lng Fe

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Cng thc tnh hm lng st

m

bdmFe V

VCC =

80

Cch

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

tnh

Nguyn

Tc

Photpho

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Cch

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

tnh

Nguyn

Tc

NaCl

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CHNG 4phn tch hm lng CarbonHydrat

4.1. nh lng ng kh4.2. nh lng ng tng4.3. nh lng tinh bt4.4. nh lng Dextrin4.5. nh lng Pectin

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CHNG 4: phn tch hm lngCarbonHydrat4.1. nh lng ng kh

4.1.1. Phng php Bettrand4.1.2. Phng php Lane Eynon4.1.3. Phng php DNS

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Mc tiu tit hc 1. trnh by c nguyn tc, cch tin

hnh phn tch ung kh bng phngphp Bettrand

2. phn tch c cc yu cu k thut vcch khc phc cc vn ny sinh trongqu trnh tin hnh

3. trnh by c cng thc v p dngphp tnh cng thc vo trong cc bi tp, tr li cc cu hi trong bi

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Sa l mt loi thc phm c gi tr dinhdng cao, cung cp ngun Protein, ngunnng lng cho c th. Sa cn c kh nngcung cp cho c th ngun Calci rt tt choxng, nht l ngi gi v tr em. T sa cth ch bin nhiu sn phm khc: phomt, b, sa chua

Gii thiu: Sa v cc ch phm tsa

86

Thnh phn trong mt s sa

0,84,57,95,8Sa cu0,84,74,13,6Sa d0,74,87,54,0Sa tru0,74,83,73,5Sa b0,56,21,72,2Sa nga0,27,03,81,2Sa m

khongCarbon hydrate

Chtbo

Protein

Loi sa(g/L)

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


Trong ngnh ha thc phm v dinh dng, ngi ta chia ngthnh 3 dng: ng n gin, ng i (gm 2 gc ng ngin kt hp vi nhau) v ng a (gm nhiu ng n kthp li).Trong sa c ng lactose M = 342.3 (cn gi l ng sa v ctrong sa ngi v ng vt). y cng l ng i, khi thyphn s cho 2 gc ng n l glucose v galactose.Lactose kt tinh chm, tinh th cng v c nhiu dng tinh th. Vitamin B2 c th c ch s kt tinh ca lactose. ngt ca cc loi ng khng ging nhau, nu ly v ngt cang saccarose lm chun (100) th lactose 16.

Lactose (C12H22O11) - mt loi ngc bit

+

galactose glucose

Ni thm

CTCT ca glucose v galactosetheo dng vng - dng thng

C5H11O5-CHO + 2 Cu(OH)2 C5H11O5-COOH + Cu2O + 2H2O

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ng kh

ng lactose vncn tnh kh v vncn gc OH glucozit t do

ng kh l g?ng kh l ng c tnh kh nh vonhm andehyt hoc ceton (i vi mchthng) v gc OH glucozit t do (i vimch vng)

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


91

NI DUNG PHP PHN TCH

Phng php BETTRAND

NGUYN TC

CCH TIN HNH

CCH TNH KT QU

MT S VN QUAN TM

92

Nguyntc

Phng php Bettrand

Trong mi trng kim mnh, glucid trctip kh oxy khi c mt cht kh lCu(OH)2 to thnh kt ta di dng Cu2O mu gch. Lng Cu2O s phn ngvi mt lng d Fe3+ sinh ra mtlng Fe2+ tng ng v c chun bng dung dch KMnO4 trong mi trngacid.

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


93

K thutphntch

Phng php Bettrand

Dng phng php chun Oxy ha kh - Phng phpPermanganat

Phng trnh phn ng minh ha :

RCHO +2Cu(OH)2 RCOOH + Cu2O +2H2O.Cu2O + Fe2(SO4)3 + H2SO4 2CuSO4 + H2O + 2FeSO410FeSO4 + 8H2SO4 + 2 KMnO4

K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 5Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O

94

Mu sa

10(g)

Cch tinhnh

Dung

dch+Nc nng+5mL K4[Fe(CN)6] 15%+5 mL (CH3COO)2Pb 10%

Dung dchban u+ ngui,

+nh mc thnh 100mL

Dung

dch

muLc

1. Giai on khtp

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


95

Dung dch

MuDd mu muxanh c tamu gch+Fehling A

+Fehling B

+un si

Dung

dch

mu+Lc, Ra ta

+ Fe2(SO4)3 5%

ChunbngKMNO40.1N+H2SO4 6N

Cch tinhnh

2. Giai on xcnh ng kh

96

Khi dung dch chuyn sang mu hng nht

1. Mu hng nht l mu cach th no?

2. Khi dung dch chuynsang mu hng n nh, thim dng ny trc hay sau im tng ng?

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


97

CU HI TNG T

1. Trong cc cu sau, cu no ng nht:a. im cui chun l im m ti cht ch th i mub. im tng ng l im m ti cht ch th i muc. im tng ng thng thng l im cui chun d. im dng chun cng l im tng ng2. im dng chun l g?a. L im tng ng ca php chun b. L thi im lc dung dch chuyn mu theo cht ch thc. L thi im php chun c sai s nh nhtd. L im m cc cht phn ng va

98

CCH TNH KT QU

Bc 1:T th tch chun ca KMnO4,-tra bng Bettrand, c c khi lngng tng ng

Bng Bettrand

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99

CCH TNH KT QU

Bc 2: Vi th tch KMnO4 khng c trong ct, th

dng phng trnh hi quy tuyn tnh, xc nh khi lng ng kh

Phng trnh hiquy tuyn tnh

100

CCH TNH KT QU

Bc 3: Thay gi tr khi lng ng kh tm c

vo cng thc tnh hm lng ng khtrong mu sa

Cng thc xcnh hm lng

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


101

3 cu hi sau khi xem Clip

1. im khc bit g trong giai on khtp?

2. v sao phi un nh dung dchFehling?

3. tip theo sau on lc bng chnkhng, cn phi lm g Cu2O gimtip xc vi khng kh, nhm trnh smt lng Cu2O ?

102

Bi tp Cu hi v nh1. Khi phn tch hm lng ng kh c trong thc phm

sa bng phng php Bertrand, ngi ta dng chun khi no?

a. khi dung dch mu phn tch chuyn sang mu hng tmb. khi dung dch mu phn tch t ti im tng ngc. khi dung dch mu phn tch c n nhd. khi th tch dung dch thuc th t ti u [C73]

2. Khi phn tch hm lng ng kh c trong thc phm sa bng phng php Bertrand, khi nim ng khl g?

a. l glucoz vn cn cha nhm -CHOb. l ng b kh hon tonc. l glucoz khng th thc hin phn ng oxy ha khd. l Glucoz dng Disaccarit [C74]

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


103

Bi tp Cu hi v nh

3. Khi phn tch hm lng ng kh c trong thc phm sa bng phng php Bertrand, ngi ta cho thuc thFehling A v B vo lm g?

a. oxy ha hon ton lng ng khb. kh hon ton lng ng khc. oxy ha hon ton lng ngd. to mt mi trng n nh [C75]

4. Khi phn tch hm lng ng kh c trong thc phm sa bng phng php Bertrand, ngi ta cho thuc thFehling A v B vo th dung dch mu phn tch s cmu g?

a. mu xanh bic b. mu vng rmc. mu hng nht d. mu tm [C76]

104

BNG TRA KHI LNG NG KH

9526.76418.83310.19426.56318.6329.889326.26218.3319.5892266118309.39125.76017.7298.979025.55917.5288.78925.25817.2278.3988255716.9268.098724.75616.6257.818624.55516.4247.528524.25416.1237.3884245315.9226.918323.85215.5216.61

Khi lngglucose

(mg)

Th tchKMnO40.1N

Khi lngglucose

(mg)

Th tchKMnO40.1N

Khi lngglucose

(mg)

Th tchKMnO40.1N

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


105

th biu din mi lin h gia khi lng ng glucose (mg) v th

tch KMnO4 0.1N

y = 3.6365x - 3.5569R2 = 0.9989

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 10 20 30Th tch KMnO4 0.1N (ml)

Kh

i l

ng

glucose

(mg)

106

Cng thc tnh cho TP rn

Trong : G: khi lng ng nghch chuyn hoc ng glucose (g)

tng ng vi s mL KMnO4 0,1N trong bng. m: khi lng mu thc phm (g)Vdd: th tch dung dch mu c ht ra tin hnh phn

ng v chun .Vm: th tch bnh nh mc (th tch dung dch mu sau khi

x l)F: h s hiu chnh nng KMnO4. (Vi dung dch hiu

chun, F = 1)

mVFVG

Xdd

m

.

100...10.(%)3

=

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


107

Cng thc tnh cho TP lng

Trong :G: khi lng ng nghch chuyn hoc ng glucose (g)

tng ng vi s mL KMnO4 0,1N trong bng.Vm: th tch mu sau ban uVdd: th tch dung dch mu c ht ra tin hnh phn

ng v chun .Vm: th tch bnh nh mc (th tch dung dch mu sau khi

x l)F: h s hiu chnh nng KMnO4. Vi dung dch hiu

chun, F =1

FVV

VGlgXmdd

m.

.

.)/( =

108

CHNG 4: phn tch hm lng CarbonHydrat4.2. nh lng tinh bt

4.2.1. c im phn tch4.2.2. TCVN 5535 : 1991

TCVN 3294-80

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


109

c im tinh bt

AmoloseAmilopectin

110

Amilose

chim 10 20%, tan trong nc Tc dng vi iod cho mu xanh c trng

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


111

Amilopectin

chim 80 90 %, khng tan trong nc Tc dng vi iod cho mu nho

112

Phn ng thy phn To glucoze

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


113

4.2.2. TCVN 5535 : 1991

Nguyn tc

iu kinTin hnh

114

Nguyn tc da trn nguyn l nghch chuyn ng

t phn ng thu phn hon ton capolysacarit bng cc axit long, nhngkhng nh hng n lactoza v cc loing khc.

khng lm thay i lng lactoza bngcch x l vi amoniac, sau lm trungho NH3 d, ri cho thm dung dch kmaxetat v kali feroxyanua

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


115

Tin hnh

Chun b mu

Tnh kt qu

Tin hnh phng phpth

116

Chun b mu

Sa c

Sa bt

Sati

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


117

Mu sa

40(g)

Cch tinhnh

Dung

dch+Nc nng dn t 50mL n 150mL

(un nh n 900C, ngui n t0 phng)+5mL NH3 2N 10 pht

+12,5mL K4[Fe(CN)6] 1N+12,5 mL (CH3COO)2Zn 2N

Dung dchban u+ un nng nh

+ ngui trong 10 pht

Dung

dch

Phncc(D)

Lc

1. To dung dchphn cc

118

Dung dch

Phn cc (D)40mL

un Dd 600C

+6mL HCl

(trong BDM 50mL)

Dung dch

Phn cc(J)+ bp cch thy

+15 pht

Cch tinhnh

Xc nh ngnghch chuyn

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


119

Tnh kt quD: S phn cc k dung dch (D)J: S phn cc k dung dch (J)Q: h s nghch chuyn (tra bng)V: Th tch mu ban u trc khi pha

longm: khi lng mu ban ui: chiu di ng phn cc kv: s hiu chnh th tch

mivvV

QJD

.

14/5

120

4.2.2. Tiu chunTCVN 3294-80

Nguyn tc

Tin hnhiu kin

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


121

Nguyn tc Lc mu sau khi ha tan mu bng Cn

ete. Ha tan cn lc bng dung dch HClc, ri to ta bng cn 960 .

Lng ta trc v sau khi dng HCl lc s tnh hm lng tinh bt trongmu ban u

122

Mu sa

2(g)

Cch tinhnh

CnRa bng Cn Ete trong

phu lc chn khng

Dung dchnhmc100mL

+11mL nc ct

+14mL HCl c

Lclyrn

+Ht 50mL

+110mL cn 960

+12h trong t lnh

1. To dung dchphn cc

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


123

Tnh kt qu

Hm lng tinh bt c tnh trong 100g mu

% X = (m1 m2 ).100

124

CHNG 5phn tch hm lng Protid

5.1. nh lng N tng bngphng php Kjendalh5.2. nh lng N acid amin5.3. nh lng m thi

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


125

NI DUNG PHP PHN TCH

Phng php KJENDALH

NGUYN TC

CCH TIN HNH

CCH TNH KT QU

MT S VN QUAN TM

126

Nguyntc

Phng php Kjendal

Cht hu c c phn hy bng acid sulfuric vi sS c mt ca cht xc tc . sn phm phn ng c kim ha ; sauo W c chng ct vaX chun S lngamoniac gii phng . tnh hm lng nitovaX nhn kt qu vi hS s W qui c [ thuc hm lng protein th

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


127

Mu sa

m(g)

Cch tinhnh

Dung

dch Dung dchsi haxanh

Dung dchphntch

+a vo bnh Kjendal+Hhp xc tc

+H2SO4c+un nng 3000C

Ngui

1. Chun b mu

128

Dung dch

Phn tch

Chng ct Dung

dchchun

H thng Kjendal Dung dch imuChun b bnh hp thu

+dung dch hp thu

+Ch th

Cch tinhnh

2. Chng ct

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


129

Cng thc xc nh hmlng Nit

% Nit

Trong :

V1,V2: l th tch H2SO4 chun mu tht vmu trng (ml)

m: khi lng mu (g)

1 20,028.(V ) =

Vm

130

CHNG 6phn tch hm lng Lipic

6.1. i cng v cht bo6.2. Ch s acid

6.3. Ch s peroxid6.4. Ch s Iod

6.5. Ch s x phng ha

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


131

NGHA - LIPIT

Lipit ngha l hp cht bo, v l hp cht hu c a chc, gm nhng cht nh du n, m ....

L tnh : Chng c nht cao, khng tan trong nc, tan trong cc dung mi hu c nh ether, chlorphorm, benzene, ru nng .

Hai nhm lipid quan trng i vi sinh vt l: nhm c nhn glycerol v nhm sterol.

132

NGHA - LIPITTc dng:a) Ngn nga x va ng mch bng cch kt hp

vi cholesterol to cc ester c ng, khng bn vng v d bi xut ra khi c th.

b) iu ha tnh bn vng ca thnh mch: nng cao tnh n hi v h thp tnh thm ca thnh mch.

c) C lin quan n c ch chng ung th.d) Cn thit cho cc chuyn ho cc vitamin nhm B.e) Mt s t chc nh: gan, no, tim, cc tuyn sinh

dc c nhu cu cao v cc acid bo cha no, nn khi khng c cung cp t thc n th cc ri lon s xut hin cc c quan ny trc tin.

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133

NGHA - LIPITf) l thnh phn thit yu ca t bo, ca cc mng c

th v c vai tr iu ha sinh hc cao. No b vcc m thn kinh c bit cn giu cht bo.

h) Cht bo cung cp cc acid bo thit yu khng no a ni i, chui di l tin cht ca mt lot cc cht c hot tnh sinh hc cao nh prostaglandin, leukotrienes, thromboxanes Cc eicosanoids ny l cc cht iu ha rt mnh 1 s t bo v chc nng nh: kt dnh tiu cu, co mch, ng ng ng mch Botalli

i). Trong c th cht bo l ngun d tr nng lng ln nht.

134

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

Nguyn

Tc

Ch s

acid

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


135

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

Nguyn

Tc

Ch s

peroxyt

136

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

Nguyn

Tc

Ch s

x phng

Khoa CNTP - HUFI


137

Tin

hnh

Cng

Thc

Nguyn

Tc

Ch s

Iod

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