Download - 情态动词
2
情态动词的运用是高考英语单项选择几乎每年必考的要点。根据近几年对全国部分高考题的分析,主要归纳为以下几个考查热点:
1. 情态动词表示推测 ;
2. 情态动词 + have done 结构; 3. 特定的语气 ;
4. 情态动词基本用法 .
3
一 . 情态动词表示推测的用法情态动词可用来表示推测 , 语气从强到弱的顺序是:
1. must 所表示的可能性最大,最有把握,意为“一定”。 He must be at home.
2. can 和 could 主要用于否定句和疑问句中 ,can’t 或 couldn’t 表示“不可能”It can’t be true. Can it be true?3. may 和 might 表示现在或将来可能发生的动作或情况,主要用于肯定句及否定句中, might相对于 may 来说,表示的可能性更小一些。
must , should , can , may , could , might 。
4
She may not be at home.
She can’t be at home.
They should be there right now.
At this moment, our teacher must be
correcting our exam papers.
情态动词 +do
表示对现在或将来的情况的推测情态动词 +be doing 。
表示对正在进行的情况的推测
5
The road is wet. It must have rained last night.
There is nobody here. They must have
all gone home.
must/may/might + have done
表示对过去情况推测 ( 肯定,可能,也许已经… )
6
1.--Are you coming to Jeff’s party?--I’m not sure. I ____go to the concert instead.(NMET2000) A. must B. would C. should D. might2.Mary __be in Paris , for I saw her in the town only a few minutes ago . A . mustn't B . can't C . shouldn't D . may not
B
D
7
3.--_____the news be true?—No, it_____be true.A. Can, can’t B. May, can’tC. May, may not D. Must, mustn’t
注意 :may 和 might 都不用于疑问句中。
(正) Can / Could it be cloudy tomorrow ?(误) May / Might it be cloudy tomorrow ?
A
8
The children must have watered the tomatoes yesterday, _______they﹖
The minister must have arrived in Shanghai, _______hehe﹖
didn’t
hasn’t
You can’t be serious, _____you?are拓展
9
二 . 情态动词 +have done
表示对过去所发生事情的推测或带有某 种语气 . 1. I didn’t hear the phone. I must hav
e been asleep.
must have done ( 过去 ) 肯定 / 一定… ( 用于肯定句中 )
10
2. *— There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.
—It couldn’t have been a comfortable journey.
can’t/couldn’t have done( 过去 ) 不可能…
11
3. ● He may not have finished the exercises, I’m afraid.
may/might have done( 过去 ) 或许 / 可能做…( 用于肯定或否定句中 )
12
1.You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.
情态动词表虚拟的几个句式
could have done ( 过去 ) 本能够做( 用于肯定或否定句中 , 带有责备、劝
告之意 )
13
2.When we got to the cinema, the film hadn’t started, so we needn’t have worried.
比较:— Mary didn’t turn up last night, did she?
—No, she didn’t need to come. We had changed our plan.
needn’t have done ( 过去 ) 本来不必做…
( 没有必要做而实际上也没做 ).
14
3.She shouldn’t have taken away my tape, for I wanted to use it.
should /ought to have done
( 过去 ) 本应该做 ( 而实际上未做 ), 用于否定句时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了( 带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气)。
16
(06 陕西) As you worked late yesterday, yo
u ___ have come this morning.
B. may not
C. can’t D. mustn’t
A
A. needn’t
17
◆(04 全国 ) Mr. White_____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.
B. should arrive
C. should had arrived
D. should be arriving
◆(04 福建 ) —I’ll tell Marry about her new job tomorrow.
—You ____ her last week.
A. ought to tell B. could have told
C. must tell
A. should have arrived
D. should have told
A
D
18
(05 福建 )
—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You ____ it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn’t do
C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done
B. needn’t have done
B
19
(NMET 05)
He ______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should
C. wouldn’t D. can’t
B. must
B