2018汽车NVH控制技术国际研讨会
电动和混动汽车声学设计与NVH开发Methods for Sound Design and NVH Development of
Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Riemann
NVH咨询部门高级项目经理
Senior Project Manager, consult NVH
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 3
Introduction
Sound Design and NVH Development for environment friendly vehicles (EV, HEV):
Interior Noise:• Sound cleaning
• P/T noise
• Wind noise
• Tire noise
• Sound Design /
Enhancement
• P/T noise
• ANC
• ANE
Exterior Noise:• Sound cleaning
• Sound enhancement
• Pedestrian warning
system
DrivabilityRange
(weight) Cost …
Focus on potential customer!
Innovative
methods and tools
are required !
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 4
Typical Tasks during NVH Development
Timeline NVH Development:
Benchmarking and
Target Setting
NVH Development
Concept Phase SOPPrototypingDesign phase
TPASimulation PCA ANC/ANE
• Sound Quality Metric
• Target Sound Design
• Define Targets on vehicle and
source/path level
• FEM/BEM
• CFD
• MBS
• Identify root causes
• Estimate potential
• Develop
countermeasures
• Optimize vehicle
trim package
• Active Sound
design
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 5
Benchmarking and Target Sound Development
Development of Sound Quality Targets with clear focus on the potential Customer:
What is the expectation of the (potential) customer / driver ?
How do people drive?
When do they like the sound or complain about the sound ?
How often do these situations occur during normal driving ?
What NVH issues are really important?
-> HEAR! will help to
find the answers
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 6
HEAR! – Head Empirical Assessment Ride
Procedure for Test Drives
Vehicle evaluation in realistic environment, during real driving.
People comment in their own words what they like and don´t like.
Recording of relevant vehicle and P/T parameters.
Experts and potential customers can be integrated in this process.
Analysis of comments and vehicle information
Identification of relevant conditions
HEAR! evolved from the EVE Method
Positive ConditionsNegative Conditions
Test driver comments are seen
in the driving condition context
Test drive evaluation pinpoints the most
important needs for improvementClustering of comments
reveals important issues!
Analysis of Test Drives: Driving Condition Maps
e.g. electrical power vs speed: “powertrain point of view”
Test drives
Post pro
cessin
g
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 7
HEAR!: Benchmark and Target Sound Development
Development of Sound Quality Targets:
Test Drives, Additional Roller Dyno Measurements,
Jury Tests, Targets, Sound Quality Metrics
• Procedure of Test Drives, HEAR! method
(Identification of relevant operating
conditions)
• Comparable acoustic roller dyno
measurements under defined and
reproducible conditions
• Jury Test Evaluation for Sound Quality
Investigations and Target Definition
• Definition of Sound Quality Metrics for
automatic calculation of perceived sound
quality (optional)
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 8
HEAR!: Target Development based on Benchmark Tests
For each phenomenon, relevant driving conditions are identified and compared
For all relevant phenomena, target values or target curves are developed based on the vehicle benchmark
The suggested targets are realistic, and in fact reached by at least one of the benchmark vehicles
selection of relevant
measurement condition
performance of
comparable roller-dyno
measurements
identification of suitable
analysis methods
definition of target values
or curves based on the
vehicle benchmark
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 9
BTPA: Interior Noise Synthesis in Time Domain
Time domain calculation enables auralization of results
Convolution of measured excitations with corresponding transfer functions leads to realistic Interior noise
synthesis, even for transient noises
No limitation of analyzing only stationary conditions transient, run-ups + coast, tip-ins, etc. possible
Listen to interior noise contributions at each step of the (B)TPA process
Evaluation of transfer path modifications by means of interior noise synthesis
Sum
Path 1
Path 2
Path 3
Path 4
Path 5
Path 6
Path 7
Path 8
Path 9
Interior Noise Contributions
Sound pressure at drivers ear
p
a
p
a
Structure Borne
Noise Sources
Airborne Noise
SourcesTransfer path
Transfer path
Transfer path
Transfer path
Sources Paths
10Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH
BTPA Structure Borne - HEAD Effective Mount Transfer Consideration
(EMTF)
Matrix-
inversion
Inverted
Inertances
Passive side
Accelerations
෨𝐹1𝐼𝐹𝐷(𝑡)
෨𝐹𝐾𝐼𝐹𝐷(𝑡)
𝑎1𝑃𝑆(𝑡)
𝑎𝑙𝑃𝑆(𝑡)
𝑎𝐿𝑃𝑆(𝑡)
Operational
ForcesInterior Noise
+
Acoustic Transfer
Functions
𝑝𝑖(𝑡)
𝐻1,𝑖𝐴𝑇𝐹(𝑓)
𝐻𝐾,𝑖𝐴𝑇𝐹(𝑓)
𝑎1𝐴𝑆(𝑡)
𝑎𝑘𝐴𝑆(𝑡)
𝐻1𝑀𝑇𝐹(𝑓)
𝐻𝑘𝑀𝑇𝐹(𝑓)
෨𝐹1𝑀𝑇𝐹(𝑡)
෨𝐹𝐾𝑀𝑇𝐹(𝑡)
w/o
rubber
mounts
Rubber
Mounts
Effective Mount
Transfer Functions
+
𝑝𝑖(𝑡)
𝐻1,𝑖𝐴𝑇𝐹(𝑓)
𝐻𝐾,𝑖𝐴𝑇𝐹(𝑓)
11Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH
BTPA Structure Borne – Integration of CAE into BTPA Process
Simulation model Simulation resultsVehicle / test bench
measurements
Transfer path analysis and
interior noise synthesis
Evaluation of
estimated sound
12Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH
Example: BTPA Results for Electric Vehicle
7,34
29/30
58
14,6829
7,3410
29
60
Sum Structure borne Airborne
Le
ft e
ar
Original optimized airborne transmission Airborne + drive shafts + mounts
Run up WOT, roller dyno, FFT vs. rpm, airborne and structure borne shares
Estimation of potential for countermeasures (synthesis)
Original Modification
Validation
Validation measurements:
Airborne Isolation
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 13
Binaural Panel Contribution Analysis (BPCA)
Which panel has the strongest contribution?
How to improve the vehicle trim package?
n panels
m PU
probes per
panel
vATFResult of TPA: Force [N] Interior noise [SPL]
Black Box
NTF
Sound pressure level in the vehicle compartment is the sum of the sound
contributions of all surfaces enclosing the cabin.
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 14
BPCA Procedure and Results, Example: Tire/Road Noise 130-100 kph
+
Pa
ne
l 1 sub panel 1v
sub panel mv
Q
Q
p
RTF
RTF
Pa
ne
l 2 sub panel 1v
sub panel mv
Q
Q
RTF
RTF
Panel n sub panel 1v
sub panel mv
Q
Q
RTF
RTF
iii
n
i
ii
SvQ
RTFQp
20
1
:
:
)/( :
:
:
:
i
i
i
i
v
S
QpRTF
n
Q
p Sound pressure
Source strength of surface i
Number of panels
Reciprocal Transfer Function
Area of surface i
Particle velocity at the surface i
Q
pRear left door
Left B-pillar
1/6th octave bands, max of both ears
Front left door
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 15
Case Study: Sound Design for Active Noise Enhancement System (ANE)
Creation of synthetic sounds for electric vehicles
HEAD consult NVH is involved in synthetic sound
design for electric vehicles
Electric Vehicle Interior Sound
• Driver focus
• Emotional feedback for the driver
• Vehicle brand character
Electric Vehicle Exterior Sound
• Pedestrian focus
• Warning attribute
• Vehicle brand character
• Conformance to international regulations
Design of synthetic sounds (interior)
RPM / vehicle speed / load controlled
parametric response
Playback in simulator system (ANE)
HEAR! -> evaluation of customer
acceptance for different synthetic sounds
Case Study:
Vehicle data
(CAN)
Sound Playback
ANE Test System
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 16
Case Study: Customer Acceptance of Synthetic Sounds
„unobtrusive“„Modern“1„ICE like sound“ „no additional Sound“
Only Original
Sound
Original Sound
+ synthetic sound
based upon sound of ICE
Original Sound
+ “modern”
synthetic sound
Original Sound
+ unobtrusive
synthetic sound
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 17
Driving Condition Maps and Distribution of Customers Comments
Distribution of comments (positive, negative and neutral) for different sound concepts versus acceleration and speed:
„ICE like“ Sound „Modern“ Sound
„unobtrusive“ Sound
45%
26%
29%
3 – „unobtrusive“ Sound
33%
45%
22%
1 – „ICE like“ Sound
32%
42%
26%
4 – no added Sound
17%
44%
39%
2 – „Modern“ Sound
• Positive
• Negative
• Neutral
• Positive
• Negative
• Neutral
• Positive
• Negative
• Neutral
• Positive
• Negative
• Neutral
Methods for sound design and NVH development of environment-friendly vehicles with customer focusHEAD acoustics GmbH 18
Summary: Methods for Sound Design and NVH Development
Timeline NVH Development:
Benchmarking and
Target SettingNVH Development
HEAR! BTPA BPCA ANC / ANE
HEAD Methods and Tools:
Concept Phase SOPPrototypingDesign phase
CAE integration
Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Riemann
Senior Project Manager, consult NVH
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