egt 0501 mod 1.doc

7/29/2019 EGT 0501 MOD 1.doc

1/6

EGT 0501 PRINCIPLES OF SAFETY

INTRODUCTION

Occupational health and safety is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting

the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goal of alloccupational health and safety programs is to foster a safe work environment.

As a secondary effect, it may also protect co-workers, family members, employers,

customers, suppliers, nearby communities, and other members of the public who are

impacted by the workplace environment. It may involve interactions among many

subject areas, including occupational medicine, occupational (or industrial)

hygiene, public health,safety engineering, chemistry, health physics.

International Labor Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have

shared a common definition of occupational health.

The definition reads: "Occupational health should aim at: the promotion and

maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers

in all occupations.

The field is concerned with identifying work-related psychosocial factors that adversely

affect the health of people who work. OHP is also concerned with developing ways to

effect change in workplaces for the purpose of improving the health of people who work.

Occupational health and safety has come a long way from its beginnings in the heavy

industry sector. It now has an impact on every worker, in every work place, and those

charged with managing health and safety are having more and more tasks added to

their portfolio. The most significant responsibility is environmental protection. The skills

required to manage occupational health and safety are compatible with environmental

1
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interdisciplinarityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safetyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hygienehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hygienehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_physicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Labour_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safetyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hygienehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hygienehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_physicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Labour_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interdisciplinarity

7/29/2019 EGT 0501 MOD 1.doc

2/6


protection, which is why these responsibilities are so often bolted onto the workplace

health and safety professional.

A hazard is something that can cause harm if not controlled.

The outcome is the harm that results from an uncontrolled hazard.

TERMS RELATED TO SAFETY AND HEALTH

Acid: A sour, corrosive substance that can react with alkalis to form a salt.

Acute: Effects whose onset is immediate.

Caustic: A corrosive alkaline substance.

Chronic: Effects that develop after prolonged or repeated exposure over a period of

time.

Conductor: A material through which current can flow.

Current: The flow of electricity.

Combustible: Burnable.

Combustible material: A material that burns whose flash point is over 100F.

Dust: Solid particles generated by handling, crushing, grinding rapid impact or

detonation of materials such as rocks, ore, coal, wood or grains.

Extinguishing Agent: A substance used for putting out fires.

2
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazard

7/29/2019 EGT 0501 MOD 1.doc

3/6


Flammable material: A substance that burns whose flash point is below 100F.

Flash point: the lowest temperature at which a substance releases sufficient vapors for

combustion.

Grounding: A method for preventing static electric sparks.

Health: It is defined as both physical and mental well being.

Inert: Does not react chemically with other substances.

Oxidation: A substance that accelerates the oxidation reaction.

Radioactive: Releases alpha, beta or gamma particles by disintegration of atomic

nuclei.

Resistance: Opposite to current flow.

Sensor: A device that detects changes in temperature, pressure, light and transmits aresulting impulse.

Safety: It is the control of unplanned events.

Toxic: Poisonous.

Volt: The standard unit for measuring voltage.

Voltage detector: A device that indicates the presence of voltage.

Voltage Tester: A device that indicates approximates voltage levels.

3

7/29/2019 EGT 0501 MOD 1.doc

4/6


The importance of safety in industrial plants

1. To minimize Loss of life

2. To minimize Permanent disability

3. To minimize Distress

4. To minimize lost production

5. To minimize damaged materials

6. To minimize Medical cost

Importance of identifying hazards

A hazard represents the existence of unsafe condition or unsafe act. It also represents a

risk to the health or safety of persons.

Unsafe Conditions include:

1.Environmental Conditions-lighting, noise vibrations dust and fumes.

2. Hazardous material used in manufacturing process.

3. Inadequate design, layout or condition of plant or equipment.

4. Hazardous work procedures or methods of work.

5. Inadequate training and information.

Unsafe Acts may result from

1. Inadequate knowledge or skill.

2. Inadequate supervision.

4

7/29/2019 EGT 0501 MOD 1.doc

5/6


Body parts that require protection

There are seven vulnerable parts of body namely

1. Head

2. Eye

3. Ears

4. Lungs

5. Hands

6. Body

7. Feet

5

7/29/2019 EGT 0501 MOD 1.doc

6/6


ASSIGNMENT -1

1. Define the following terms

A. Chronic

B. Combustible material

C. Flammable material

D .Flash point

E. Sensor

F. Hazard

G. Toxic

I. Inert

J .Oxidize

2 State the importance of safety in industrial plants.

3. How do you identify industrial hazards?

4. Mention FOUR unsafe conditions that may lead to hazards.

5. List TWO Unsafe Acts that may cause hazards.

6. Name SEVEN areas of the body most vulnerable to occupational hazards.

6

Write your answers on a separate sheet and give it to your instructor

egt 0501 mod 1.doc

Documents