excel 2003

Khai thc phn mm bng tnh

Microsoft Office Excel 2003

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Mc lc Bi 1 Microsoft Excel ......................................................5

Chng trnh bng tnh ....................................................... 6

Chng trnh bng tnh spreadsheet program..................................... 6 Bng tnh................................................................................................ 6

Excel ................................................................................ 7

Cc phin bn Excel............................................................................... 7 Giao din chng trnh .......................................................................... 7

Bi 2 Thao tc vi Excel ..................................................9

Di chuyn v cc thao tc b tr ........................................ 10

chuyn v tr sang k tip............................................................. 10 chuyn v tr ti mt bt k ......................................................... 10 Di chuyn ln xung mt trang mn hnh nhn thy c................... 10 Di chuyn ngang mt trang mn hnh nhn thy c......................... 11 Di chuyn gia cc sheet ..................................................................... 12 Di chuyn khng tng tc (ch thao tc vi chut)............................ 12 Phng to/thu nh .................................................................................. 13

Nhp d liu trong Excel ................................................... 13

Chnh sa d liu ............................................................. 14

Chn vng trong Excel...................................................... 15

Chn mt vng lin tc........................................................................ 15 Chn vng khng lin tc .................................................................... 16

Lm vic trong vng gii hn............................................. 16

Di chuyn Active Cell khi lm vic trong vng................................... 17 Sa d liu khi lm vic trong vng .................................................... 17 Di chuyn mn hnh khi lm vic trong vng...................................... 18

Di chuyn, sao chp, xo d liu........................................ 18

Di chuyn v sao chp d liu ............................................................. 18 Xo ni dung ca .............................................................................. 21

in d liu c tnh tun t ............................................... 21

D liu tun t tng dn....................................................................... 22 D liu tng theo quy lut.................................................................... 22

Bi 3 nh dng d liu.................................................25

nh dng k t ............................................................... 26

Thay i Phng v Kiu....................................................................... 26 Thay i mu sc ................................................................................. 27 nh dng ng bao/t mu ............................................................ 29

3 Microsoft Office Excel 2003

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nh dng d liu trong ..................................................30

nh dng tin t ..................................................................................33 nh dng ngy ....................................................................................33 nh dng do ngi dng t nh ngha Custom..............................34

Cn chnh d liu trong ..................................................36

Cn chnh dng ....................................................................................36 iu chnh hng vn bn ...................................................................39

Sao chp nh dng trong Excel .........................................40

Bi 4 Cng thc v hm ............................................... 43

Ton t v php ton logic ................................................44

Tnh ton d liu trong bng ................................................................44 Mt s vn thng gp....................................................................44

Lm vic vi hm .............................................................46

Hm......................................................................................................46 Tham s ca hm .................................................................................47 Tm hm ...............................................................................................48 Cch tnh cc hm n gin .................................................................50 Dch chuyn cng thc.........................................................................51

Bi 5 Lm vic vi nhm hm....................................... 55

Tnh ton vi nhm hm ti chnh.......................................56

Nhm hm ti chnh Financial function............................................56 Lm vic vi nhm hm ton hc .......................................58

Nhm hm thi gian .........................................................59

Nhm hm tham chiu......................................................59

Tham chiu...........................................................................................60 Tham chiu tuyt i............................................................................60 Tham chiu bng tn ............................................................................62

Nhm hm logic ...............................................................64

Nhm hm logic ...................................................................................64 Bi 6 Sp xp, lc, tnh ton c la chn...................... 65

Sp xp thng tin.............................................................66

Sp xp theo mt tiu ch .....................................................................66 sp xp thng tin vi nhiu tiu ch................................................66

Lc d liu vi Auto Filter ..................................................67

Lc d liu ...........................................................................................67 B lc d liu vi Auto Filter ..............................................................69

Phng thc lc cao cp Advanced Filter ..........................69

Microsoft Office Excel 2003

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Cc la chn ca Advanced Filter ....................................................... 69 Vng iu kin trong Advanced Filter................................................. 70 g b Advanced Filter .................................................................... 71

Nhm hm d liu............................................................ 72

Nhm hm d liu Database Function.............................................. 72 Subtotal.......................................................................... 72

Subtotal ................................................................................................ 72 Bi 7 Biu trong Excel..............................................75

To biu ..................................................................... 76

Cc nhm biu ................................................................................ 76 iu chnh biu ........................................................... 80

nh dng i tng trn biu ........................................................ 80 Thay i kiu biu ........................................................................... 81 iu chnh vng d liu....................................................................... 82 Thay i cc thit lp hin th biu ................................................. 82 Thay i v tr biu gia cc sheet .................................................. 82

Bi 8 Cc chc nng h tr c bit ..............................85

Kim sot s liu ............................................................. 86

nh dng c iu kin Conditional Formatting............................... 86 Kim sot s liu.................................................................................. 86

Tm kim thay th ......................................................... 87

Tm kim.............................................................................................. 88 Thay th................................................................................................ 88

Lm vic hiu qu hn trn bng tnh c ln........................ 89

n dng/ct.......................................................................................... 89 Split ...................................................................................................... 90 Freeze Panes......................................................................................... 91

Bo v s liu.................................................................. 92

Bi 9 In d liu .............................................................95

nh dng trang bng tnh ................................................ 96

nh dng l vn bn ........................................................................... 96 Thay i hng v kch c trang in ..................................................... 97 nh dng tiu trn, tiu di..................................................... 98 Lp tiu bng................................................................................. 100

Xem vn bn trc khi in ................................................ 101

Cc thit lp in c bn .................................................... 102

Thit lp in mt phn bng tnh ....................................... 104

Bi 1


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Bi 1 Microsoft Excel

Mc tiu bi hc Bi hc gii thiu vi hc vin v chng trnh Microsoft Office Excel bao gm cc vn

Chng trnh Excel

c im cc phin bn

Giao din ca chng trnh

Bi 1


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Ch A

Chng trnh bng tnh

Chng trnh bng tnh spreadsheet program Spreadsheet l mt bng thng tin, thng l cc thng tin v ti chnh. Spread bt ngun t vic m t cc thng tin trn cc ct bo hay tp ch c tri rng trn hai trang lin k. T kt hp spread-sheet m t vic th hin thng tin vi cc ct thng tin l cc nhm d liu tng t nhau.

Mt chng trnh bng tnh l mt chng trnh s dng t chc, phn tch d liu. Trong d liu c t chc theo cc dng, ct; vi cu trc tri rng, rt ph hp vi cc bng lng, bng thng tin ti chnh c ln.

Bng tnh Bng tnh c th coi l mt mu biu s dng in cc thng tin dng s, ch, cc k hiu v.v.. Tt c cc bng tnh u c dng li bao gm cc ct v dng. Giao gia ct v dng to ra , l thnh phn s dng lu tr d liu.

Trong bng tnh Excel, thng thng, ct hin th theo chiu dc v c tn di dng ch ci, hng hin th theo chiu ngang v c tn theo dng s.

i tng M t

Column L cc ct d liu trn bng tnh Excel

Row

Column

Cell

Bi 1


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i tng M t

Row L cc dng d liu trn bng tnh

Cell L bng tnh, hnh thnh bi giao gia dng v ct

Ch B

Excel

Mt trong cc chng trnh bng tnh rt ph bin ti Vit Nam l Excel chng trnh h tr ngi s dng lu tr v lm vic vi d liu. Trong ln u lm vic vi Excel, bn c th cha quen vi cung cch lm vic ca chng trnh. Phn bi hc ny s trang b cho bn cc kin thc ch yu lm vic vi chng trnh Excel.

C th bn cho rng bc i ny khng quan trng lm. Nhng hy th tng tng ln u tin bn nhn cng vic ca mnh. S tht kh khn khi bn bt tay ngay vo cng vic m cha hiu v mi trng lm vic ca mnh. Thm mt cht kin nhn trong phn bi ny, bn s c nhng bc tin nhanh trong cc phn bi sau.

Cc phin bn Excel Chng trnh Excel c nhiu phin bn. Cc phin bn quen thuc vi ngi s dng my tnh ti Vit Nam thng l

Microsoft Excel 6.0

Microsoft Excel 95

Microsoft Excel 97

Microsoft Excel 2000

Microsoft Excel 2002 (cn gi l Microsoft Excel XP) Microsoft Office Excel 2003

Giao din chng trnh Khi bn m chng trnh Excel, s c hai phn ca s hin ra trong mt ca s ln chnh. Ca s ln bn ngoi l ca s chnh ca ng dng, v ca s trong l ca s bng tnh.

Ca s ng dng thng rng trn mn hnh, l ni ngi s dng lm vic vi ng dng Excel. Ca s tp tin lm vic nm trong ca s chnh v hin th ni dung lm vic vi d liu.

Bi 1


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Thnh phn ngha

Ca s ng dng Ca s ca chng trnh ng dng Excel

Ca s Workbook Ca s ca phn bng bn ang lm vic

Name Box Hp tn ang lm vic hay tn ca nhm lm vic

Active Cell ang lm vic

Formula bar Thanh cng c nhp d liu, cng thc...

Worksheet tab Cc nt lt trang bng tnh sheet

Lm vic vi Excel, bn cn ch cch gi tn trong ng dng

Phn ca s trn cng c cc ch ci th hin cho tn ct, phn dc ca s bn tri th hin tn ca cc dng d liu. Tn dng thng c t bi cc s.

Cch nh tn ct t A n Z, sau tip tc kt hp AA, AB cho ti IV. Cc ct c nh s tun t t 1 n 65536. S lng Worksheet trong Excel c th ln ti 255 sheet khc nhau.

C

a s

ng d

ng

Name Box Active Cell

Ca s Workbook Worksheet tab

Task pane

Formula bar

Bi 2


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Bi 2 Thao tc vi Excel

Mc tiu bi hc Trong phn trc, bn bit v chng trnh bng tnh Excel. Phn bi ny s hng dn bn cch thao tc vi chng trnh bng tnh ny, bao gm

Cch lm vic vi d liu

Cch di chuyn trong chng trnh bng tnh Excel

Nng cao hiu qu khi nhp d liu theo quy lut

Bi 2


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Ch A

Di chuyn v cc thao tc b tr

c th to mt bng d liu, i lc bn cn ti cc thao tc sao cho vic di chuyn c nhanh chng v hiu qu hn so vi cc thao tc di chuyn thng thng.

chuyn v tr sang k tip Bn s dng cc nt mi tn trn bn phm

Phm mi tn Chc nng

- Ln Nu v tr bn ang ng (active cell) khng phi thuc hng trn cng trong bng tnh, thao tc ny s chuyn la chn t hin ti sang ngay pha trn.

- Xung Nu v tr bn ang ng (active cell) khng phi thuc hng di cng trong bng tnh, thao tc ny s chuyn la chn t hin ti sang ngay pha di.

- Phi Nu v tr bn ang ng (active cell) khng phi thuc ct u tin tnh t bn tri trong bng tnh, thao tc ny s chuyn la chn t hin ti sang ngay bn tri.

- Tri Nu v tr bn ang ng (active cell) khng phi thuc ct u tin tnh t bn phi trong bng tnh, thao tc ny s chuyn la chn t hin ti sang ngay bn phi.

chuyn v tr ti mt bt k Bn c th s dng cc phm mi tn di chuyn ti mt bt k.

Hoc s dng chut di chuyn trang mn hnh, sau kch chn vo bn mun chuyn ti.

Di chuyn ln xung mt trang mn hnh nhn thy c Bn s dng phm PageUp v PageDown, trong PageUp l chuyn ln mt trang nhn thy c, PageDown l chuyn xung mt trang nhn thy c. Bn hy xem hai hnh di y:

Bi 2


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Hnh 2-1 Di chuyn trang dc (a)

Hnh 2-2 Di chuyn trang dc (b) Hnh 1 cho thy bn nhn c cc t dng 1 n dng 33. Khi nhn phm PageDown, dng trn cng ca mn hnh s l 34, l dng khng nhn thy c trong hnh mt.

Di chuyn ngang mt trang mn hnh nhn thy c di chuyn ngang mt trang mn hnh nhn thy c, bn thc hin tng t thao tc ca phn di chuyn dc mt trang mn hnh nhn thy c. C ngha l s dng phm PageUp v PageDown. Tuy nhin trong qu trnh s dng hai phm ny, bn cn nhn thm phm Alt.

Thao tc y

1. Nhn v gi nguyn phm Alt

Bi 2



2. Nhn phm PageUp hoc PageDown tng ln hoc gi nguyn n khi t c kt qu bn mun.

3. Th phm Alt

Di chuyn gia cc sheet Bn thc hin thao tc tng t thao tc di chuyn ngang mn hnh. Tuy nhin, thay v s dng phm Alt, bn hy s dng phm Ctrl

di chuyn gia cc sheet

1. Nhn phm Ctrl trn bn phm

2. Nhn phm PageUp hoc PageDown di chuyn

3. Th phm Ctrl khi di chuyn xong.

Di chuyn khng tng tc (ch thao tc vi chut) Thao tc di chuyn khng cn tng tc, c ngha l ngi s dng khng cn phi kch chut hay s dng bn phm nhng vn di chuyn c mn hnh. Gn tng t nh mt bng truyn, cc thng tin s ln lt chuyn qua mn hnh.

di chuyn i vi chut 2 nt v mt bnh xe

1. Nhn nt bnh xe t trn xung (thao tc nh kch chut tri hoc phi)

2. Trn mn hnh s xut hin mt biu tng ngay ti v tr con tr chut.

3. Di chuyn t t tr chut ln/xung/phi/tri tu theo hng bn mun di chuyn, khi mn hnh s di chuyn theo.

Lu rng tc di chuyn nhanh hay chm ph thuc vo v tr tng i ca con chut v biu tng trn mn hnh.

4. Khi di chuyn ti v tr bn cn, c th nhn nt bnh xe ln hoc nhn mt nt chut bt k tr v trng thi bnh thng.

Bi 2


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di chuyn i vi chut c bit

Mt s chut (thng l chut c 4 nt), bn s khng nhn c t trn xung i vi nt bnh xe. Khi , bn c th th s dng nt c bit khc vi nt tri hoc phi chut.

Phng to/thu nh Phng to hoc thu nh mn hnh l mt thao tc b tr rt hu ch, c bit khi bn lm vic trn mt bng tnh ln. y l thao tc c lp, s dng khi bn mun xem ton b b cc ca bng tnh Excel, ng thi cng l thao tc h tr rt tt khi bn mun di chuyn nhanh chng gia cc phn trong bng tnh ca mnh.

thc hin thao tc phng to/thu nh

S dng menu

1. Trn menu, chn ViewZoom.

2. Trong ca s Zoom, chn t l bn mun

3. Chn OK xc lp

S dng thanh cng c

1. Trn thanh cng c Standard, chn nt Zoom

2. Chn t l phng to/thu nh bn mun

3. Nu mun xc nh mt t l c bit, g t l bn mun vo , sau nhn Enter xc nhn

S dng chut (ch dng vi chut c bnh xe) 1. Nhn v gi nguyn nt Ctrl trn bn phm

2. Ln nt bnh xe phng to thu nh

3. Khi t c phng i mong mun, ngng ln bnh xe v th nt Ctrl

Ch B

Nhp d liu trong Excel

Bn nm c mc tiu s dng, li th v nhiu vn lin quan ti Excel. Trong phn ny, bn s i vo thc hin cc thao tc trc tip trn Excel.

Th tng tng bn l trng b phn kinh doanh, bn c giao nhim v thit lp k hoch cho nm hot ng tip theo. S dng Excel gip bn nhanh chng to ra bng k hoch trong nm ti vi t cng sc v thi gian hn.

Bi 2



nhp d liu trong Excel

1. M/to mt bng tnh mi nu cn

2. Chn bn mun nhp d liu

3. Nhp d liu bn mun a vo

Bn c th nhp trc tip hoc nhp trn thanh Formula Formula Bar

4. Nhn Enter hoc Tab khi bn nhp xong d liu

Nu bn nhn Enter, bn s xc nhn d liu, sau v tr ca bn s t ng chuyn sang ngay di ang nhp d liu

Nu bn nhn Tab, bn s xc nhn d liu nhp vo, sau v tr ca bn s t ng chuyn sang k bn phi.

5. Nhn Esc khi bn mun thot khi ch nhp d liu v hu ton b d liu bn nhp vo

Ch C

Chnh sa d liu

D liu bn nhp vo khng phi hon ton chnh xc. Ngoi ra, i lc bn cng c nhu cu chnh sa li d liu trn cc bng tnh sn c.

thay i d liu, bn s cn quan tm ti hai vn :

Xo ton b d liu sn c ri thay bng d liu mi

Gi li phn ln d liu sn c, ch thm bt mt vi thng tin.

Trong phn ny, bn s xem cch c th thc hin c hai vn trn.

xo d liu v nhp mi

Bn c th chn vo d liu trong , thc hin thao tc xo xo d liu, sau nhp mi vo.

Tuy nhin, cch nhanh nht l bn kch chn d liu cn sa, sau g lun d liu mi vo.

chnh sa d liu

Thao tc vi chut: bn ch cn nhn kp chut vo cn sa d liu, sau kch chn vo tng phn bn mun sa hoc s dng phm mi tn di chuyn v sa trong

Thao tc bn phm: bn di chuyn ti v tr mun sa, sau nhn phm F2. Cc thao tc cn li tng t nh thao tc vi chut

Thc hin xong, nhn Enter hoc Tab xc nhn.

c th nhp d liu thnh nhiu dng, bn gi nguyn phm Alt, sau nhn Enter.

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Ch D

Chn vng trong Excel

Mt trong nhng thao tc khng th thiu khi bn lm vic vi my tnh l thao tc la chn. Vic la chn s gip bn thc hin thao tc sao chp d liu, tit kim nhiu cng sc cho ngi s dng.

Cn lu rng khi c mt vng la chn, vic s dng cc nt mi tn ln xung hoc s dng bt c mt phm no c tc dng di chuyn hin ti active cell; s lm mt vng la chn.

Chn mt vng lin tc Thao tc la chn c bn l chn mt vng d liu lin tc. Vng d liu lin tc y c th l mt hoc mt tp hp cc to thnh mt hnh ch nht.

thc hin thao tc la chn s dng chut

1. R chut vo nm ti gc ca hnh ch nht bn chn

2. Nhn v gi nguyn chut, sau ko to thnh mt hnh ch nht bao quanh nhng bn mun chn

3. Th chut xc nhn vng la chn

thc hin thao tc la chn vi bn phm

1. Kch chut hoc di chuyn ti nm gc vng la chn

2. Nhn gi phm Shift trn bn phm

3. S dng cc nt mi tn di chuyn to thnh vng la chn

4. Th phm Shift khi t c vng la chn mong mun

Bi 2



Chn vng khng lin tc i lc bn c th cn copy cc thng tin khng nm lin tc nhau trn bng tnh Excel, vic phi chn ln lt nhiu vng lin tc ri thc hin tng thao tc sao chp s rt mt thi gian v i hi s kin nhn qu cao ca ngi s dng.

Vic chn v tin hnh thao tc sao chp cc vng khng lin tc s lm tng hiu qu lm vic.

Ngoi ra, bn c th s dng cc vng khng lin tc vo vic hn ch di chuyn tha trong khi lm vic. Cc vn ny s c cp ti ngay trong cc phn hc tip theo.

chn vng khng lin tc

1. Chn vng th nht

2. Nhn v gi phm Ctrl

3. Chn vng tip theo

Thc hin tip thao tc chn cho n khi s vng bn cn

4. Th Ctrl khi thc hin xong

Ch E

Lm vic trong vng gii hn

Trong phn xc nh vng chn, ta ni ti vn lm vic trong vng la chn. Vic lm vic trong mt vng la chn s rt c li cho ngi s dng do ngi dng khng phi thc hin cc thao tc tha trong qu trnh di chuyn.

Hy th tng tng rng bn cn np cc thng tin v s my l ca nhn vin trong cng ty. Trong hnh di y:

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Sau khi np xong thng tin, bn phi nhn phm Enter hoc Tab, v tr tip theo s l C5 hay D4 ty theo la chn ca bn. Sau , bn phi s dng cc nt di chuyn ti v tr A5 nhp thng tin tip theo.

Khi s dng thao tc nhp d liu trong mt vng. Ngay khi bn nhn phm Tab chuyn sang tip, thay v chuyn ti ct D, hp la chn s t ng chuyn ti v tr A5 bn tip tc nhp d liu

Cn lu rng vng la chn s b mt khi bn thc hin cc thao tc di chuyn lm vic active cell. trnh iu , bn cn ch ti cch lm vic khi ang trong vng la chn.

Di chuyn Active Cell khi lm vic trong vng Phm mi tn hay PageUp/PageDown v.v.. s lm di chuyn hot ng active cell ca bn. trnh vn nhng vn di chuyn c trong vng la chn, bn cn s dng cc phm.

Di chuyn Phm

Ln Shift + Enter

Xung Enter

Phi Tab

Tri Shift Tab

Sa d liu khi lm vic trong vng sa d liu khi lm vic trong vng. Bn chuyn ti d liu cn sa cha, sau :

G trc tip thng tin cn sa khi bn mun thay hon ton thng tin sn c bng thng tin mi

Nhn F2 ri chnh sa nu bn mun s dng tip thng tin sn c.

Thc ra bn ch cn nh cc phm: Enter v Tab. Khi mun chuyn ngc li, bn kt hp

thm phm Shift

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Di chuyn mn hnh khi lm vic trong vng Vic di chuyn hot ng active cell, bn c th thc hin c cng vic ca mnh. Tuy nhin, trong nhiu trng hp, bn khng ch di chuyn hot ng m cn cn xem d liu thuc nhiu vng khc nhau trn bng tnh.

di chuyn mn hnh khi lm vic trong vng

1. Trn bn phm, bt phm Scroll Lock

2. S dng phm mi tn di chuyn

3. Tt phm Scroll Lock khi khng cn cn di chuyn tip

Ch F

Di chuyn, sao chp, xo d liu

Tip sau thao tc la chn d liu, bn c th s cn ti vic sao chp hay di chuyn d liu bn va la chn. Trong nhiu trng hp, vic la chn cng gip bn xo i cc d liu khng cn thit mt cch nhanh chng.

i vi cc thao tc di chuyn, sao chp hay xo d liu, bn thy rng y u l nhng thao tc thc hin trc tip vi d liu c th no . Do vy, bn cn nh: trc khi thc hin thao tc ny, bn u phi la chn d liu bn cn.

Di chuyn v sao chp d liu Di chuyn v sao chp l thao tc c rt nhiu ngi s dng a thch v thao tc ny to ra s khc bit c bn gia vic to v iu chnh thng tin trn my tnh i vi vic to v iu chnh thng tin trn vn bn vit tay thng thng.

Thng tin trong chng trnh bng tnh Excel cng khng phi l trng hp ngoi l. Trong nhiu trng hp, vic la chn ri di chuyn hay sao chp d liu l iu rt cn thit tng hiu qu lm vic.

Trong qu trnh thc hin cc thao tc ny, bn c th xem m t trong hnh sau:

Bn c th s dng chut bng cch kch chut vo cc thanh cun scroll bar; nm dc/ngang trn mn hnh Excel.

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Hnh 2-1 Thao tc Copy/Paste

Cc thao tc v sao chp v di chuyn d liu thng thng u s dng n mt vng m trong my tnh, gi l Clipboard. Vi vng m ny, cc thng tin khi thc hin thao tc Cut hay Copy s c chuyn vo vng m ny, khi bn thc hin thao tc Paste, cc thng tin s c chuyn ti v tr bn yu cu.

Mt iu bn cn lu trong qu trnh thc hin thao tc sao chp hay di chuyn l: cc vng la chn phi to thnh mt khi cn i. Bn c th xem m t trong hnh di y.

Clipboard Cut/Copy

Paste

Cut/Copy c

Cut/Copy c

Khng Cut/Copy c

Khng Cut/Copy c

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di chuyn d liu

1. Chn vng thng tin bn cn

2. Trn thanh menu, chn Edit Cut. Phm tt c s dng thay th l Ctrl + X

3. Chuyn n v tr bn cn ghi thng tin, chn Edit Paste. Phm tt c s dng thay th l Ctrl + V

sao chp d liu

1. Chn vng thng tin bn cn sao chp

2. Trn thanh menu, chn Edit Copy. Phm tt c s dng thay th l Ctrl + C

3. Chuyn n v tr bn cn ghi thng tin, chn Edit Paste. Phm tt c s dng thay th l Ctrl + V

Sao chp/di chuyn bng chut v bn phm

Trong qu trnh lm vic, bn phm v chut l la chn u tin c th thao tc nhanh hn trong mt s trng hp.

Thao tc i vi chut c th kt hp thm bn phm ch cho php bn di chuyn hay sao chp d liu trong iu kin vng l chn l lin tc. Trong trng hp vng la chn khng lin tc, bn khng th thc hin c thao tc ny.

1. Chn vng lin tc

2. R chut vo phn vin en quanh vng la chn, con tr chut s c thm hnh bn mi tn bn chiu

3. Nhn v gi nguyn chut vo vng vin en

4. Ko sang v tr mi. Khi trn mn hnh s hin th thng tin v vng a ch mi d liu c chuyn n.

Th chut khi bn ko n vng thch hp.

Trong trng hp la chn vng khng lin tc, bn s khng thy vin en s dng thao tc nhn v ko chut

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5. Trong trng hp bn nh thc hin thao tc sao chp copy, bn nhn v gi nguyn phm Ctrl trc khi th chut. Khi , ngoi thng tin v vng d liu mi, bn cnh con tr chut s c thm hnh du cng.

Sau khi th chut mi th phm Ctrl.

Xo ni dung ca xo ni dung ca mt trong Excel, bn thc hin tng t nh vic sao chp hay di chuyn. C ngha l phi chn i tng cn tng tc, sau thc hin thao tc.

Vng d liu xo trong Excel khng yu cu c bit nh vng d liu sao chp hay di chuyn. Vng d liu xo c th l bt c vng d liu no m bn c th l chn c.

xo ni dung

1. Chn vng cn xo

2. Trn thanh menu, chn menu Edit Clear Content.

Phm tt thc hin chc nng ny l Delete.

Ch G

in d liu c tnh tun t

Bn bit cch nhp d liu vo cc trong Excel mt cch hiu qu. By gi, bn mun a vo bng tnh cc d liu c tnh tun t.

Cc d liu bn cn a vo c th l s th t cho mt danh sch thng tin, c th l cc thng tin theo dng ngy thng v.v..

S dng chc nng Auto Fill trong Excel, bn ch cn mt vi thao tc l c th np c d liu mnh cn.

Bi 2



D liu tun t tng dn L dng d liu c tnh cht chung, c tnh cht tng n gin nh d liu dng s, ngy thng: chui d liu tng dn: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 v.v.. in d liu tun t n gin

1. Nhp d liu cho th nht trong chui

2. R chut vo vung nh mu en gc di bn phi d liu, con tr chut s bin thnh hnh ch thp mu en.

3. Nhn v gi nguyn sau ko chut n v tr cui cng trong chui

4. Th chut khi t kt qu mong mun

D liu tng theo quy lut Bn s dng cch tng d liu theo quy lut khi bn cn tng d liu theo mt quy lut n gin nht nh: chng hn chui d liu s chn, chui d liu s l, d liu cch nhau mt khong c nh v.v..

tng d liu theo quy lut

1. Np d liu vo cc lin k theo quy lut

S dng phm Ctrl chuyn t trang thi sao chp d liu sang trng thi in d liu tun t v ngc li. Th Ctrl sau khi th chut

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2. R chut vo gc di cng bn phi, khi tr chut hin thnh hnh ch thp en nh, nhn v gi nguyn chut

3. Ko chut, s dng phm Ctrl chuyn trng thi t sao chp sang in d liu tun t hoc ngc li

4. Th chut khi t c vng chn mong mun

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Bi 3 nh dng d liu

Mc tiu bi hc D liu trong Excel c bn c s dng tnh ton. Trn thc t, Excel ngoi vic s dng tnh ton cn c th th hin v in d liu theo nhiu tiu ch khc nhau. Trong phn bi hc ny, bn s xem cch Excel nh dng d liu, bao gm:

nh dng ch

nh dng s

Cn chnh d liu

nh dng ng

Sao chp nh dng

Bi 3

Bi 3 nh dng d liu


Vn nh dng bn c th gp trong nhiu chng trnh, c bit nh cc chng trnh son tho vn bn nh Microsoft Word. Trong Excel tuy l phn mm bng tnh nhng nh dng ng vai tr khng nh. Bn s thy r iu khi s dng cc chc nng nh dng rt thun tin v hiu qu trong Excel.

Ch A

nh dng k t

Vn bn, m c th l cc thng tin cha trong cc d liu, d l bt c loi thng tin no cng cn c nh dng.

Khi tin hnh nh dng ch trong bn s gip ngi s dng c ci nhn r rng v chnh xc hn v cc thng tin hin th trn bng d liu.

mt cht bn s thy cch nh dng k t n thun trong Excel hon ton ging vi cch nh dng thng tin trong phn mm ch bn Microsoft Word. C ngha l bn c th s dng thanh cng c Formatting trong Excel nh dng phn hin th ca k t

Thay i Phng v Kiu nhn mnh cc thnh phn trong vn bn, bn khng th khng quan tm ti cc nh dng ch o nh kiu phng, kch c hin th v v phong cch hin th ca phng ch .

Thay i phng ch

thay i phng ch hin th trn mn hnh, bn ch cn s dng hp danh sch phng trn thanh cng c Formatting.

1. Chn cc cn iu chnh phng ch

2. Chn phng ch trong danh sch phng

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Thay i kch c ch

Kch c cng l thnh phn mang yu t quyt nh trong bi tr thng tin trn Excel. thay i kch c hin th thng tin trn Excel, bn ch cn s dng hp thoi Font Size.

1. Chn cc cn iu chnh kch c phng ch

2. Trn thanh cng c Formatting, chn kch c phng ch trong hp thoi Font Size

Font Size ch hin th cc kch c phng ch t 8 ti 72. Trong trng hp bn mun thay i phng ch vi kch c ln hay nh hn, bn phi t nhp kch c vo hp Font Size.

Thay i phong cch hin th phng ch

Tuy thay i c phng ch cng nh kch c, nhng trong vi trng hp th y khng hn l mt bin php hay.

Trng hp trong mt vn bn lin mch, bn c th bt u quan tm ti vic nhn mnh mt s ni dung nht nh trong ton vn. lm c iu , vic thay i cch hin th ch: t ch ng thng thng sang nghin hay m l bin php rt hp l.

1. Chn cc d liu cn thay i.

2. Chn hnh thc th hin bn mun s dng

S dng nt c phng ch m

S dng nt c phng ch nghing

S dng nt c phng ch c gch chn

Thay i mu sc thay i mu sc k t trong bng tnh cng tng t nh thay i cc thuc tnh phng ch.

Nhm cng c thay i mu sc bao gm hai thnh phn l mu sc nn ca v mu sc k t trong . C sn hai cng c trn thanh cng c Formatting c s

dng thc hin thao tc ny

Bi 3

Bi 3 nh dng d liu


thay i mu sc ca k t trong d liu

1. Chn nhng d liu cn thay i mu sc

2. Trn thanh cng c, r chut n nt Font Color

Trong trng hp bn ng vi mu c sn, ch cn nhn trc tip vo nt Font Color p mu hin ti vo cho k t bn la chn.

Trong trng hp mu hin ang c khng ph hp vi bn, bn nhn chut vo nt tam gic ch xung bn cnh phi nt chn mu trong danh sch mu. Nhn vo mu bn mun la chn.

Chn Automatic c mu mc nh

thay i mu nn ca d liu

1. Chn nhng d liu bn mun nh dng mu

2. Trn thanh cng c, tm nt Fill Color

Trong trng hp bn ng vi mu c sn, ch cn nhn trc tip vo nt Fill Color p mu hin ti vo cho k t bn la chn.

Trong trng hp mu hin ang c khng ph hp vi bn, bn nhn chut vo nt tam gic ch xung bn cnh phi nt Fill Color chn mu trong danh sch mu. Nhn vo mu bn mun la chn.

Chn No Fill khng t nn: nn rng

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nh dng ng bao/t mu Bng tnh bn nhn thy trn Excel lun c ng bao sn do cu trc hin th l dng d liu. Tuy nhin bn s khng th nhn thy ng bao khi in d liu ra.

c th c nhng ng bao ti v tr ph hp khi tin hnh in n, bn c th s dng chc nng border hin trn thanh cng c Formatting trong Excel tng t nh s dng chc nng ny trong Word

tin li hn, Excel cung cp sn cho bn chc nng nh dng mnh hn c trong ca s Format Cells

Hnh 3-1 Giao din nh dng ng bao

Nhm La chn M t

Presets None Xo ton b thng tin v ng bao

Outline K ng bao xung quanh

Inside K ng ni bn trong

Line Style Xc nh kiu ng

Color Xc nh mu ng v

Border Xc nh cc ng bao ring l

Bng 3-1 Thng s ng bao

nh dng ng bao

1. Chn nhng cng kiu nh dng

Bi 3

Bi 3 nh dng d liu


2. Trn thanh cng c, chn cng c Border nh dng nhanh

nh dng ng bao vi nhiu la chn

1. Chn nhng cng kiu nh dng

2. Trn thanh menu, chn Format Cells, hoc s dng phm tt Ctrl+1 nu cn

3. Trong ca s Format Cells, chn tab Border

4. Thit lp nh dng theo bn mun

5. Chn OK xc nhn

Ch B

nh dng d liu trong

Bn th nhp d liu nhiu dng trong Excel. Bn cng thy kh nng tnh ton i vi s trn Excel. Tuy nhin c kh nhiu vn vy quanh cc con s.

Trng hp n gin nh cc kt qu v im s. S khng c nhiu vn vi cc con s trong phn ny. Bn c th nhp s v tnh ton bnh thng, sau in kt qu ra v mi vic hon chnh.

Tuy nhin nu l mt bn k v tin lng hay doanh s th mi chuyn khng ch n gin nh vy. Bn c th thy rng in mt bn in tin t m khng c n v th kh c th xc nh c loi tin ang c s dng.

Bn c nh vit thm n v vo cho con s cn tnh ton. Hon ton l mt tt, tuy nhin nu lm th bn c th xem trong hnh di y thy kt qu:

Thao tc bn lm khi thm du $ vo trc s s lm Excel hiu l d liu dng text v iu hin nhin l khng th thc hin c php ton cng. iu ny khng hon ton chnh xc cho cc phin bn Excel ra i sau.

khc phc iu ny, Excel cung cp cho ngi s dng phn mm cng c nh dng d liu trn .

Cng c nh dng ny hon ton khng nh hng ti s liu, s liu vn l s liu tht v c lu trong Excel. Nhng khi ngi s dng hay my in xem s

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liu ny s nhn c s liu km vi thng tin hin th. Bn c th xem trong hnh di y:

Trn thanh cng c, bn c th gp cc nh dng la chn nhanh

Hnh 3-2 nh dng nhanh trong Excel

Hoc nh dng c nhiu hn cho s, bn c th chn nh dng trong ca s nh dng Format Cells.

Ca s nh dng cung cp cho bn rt nhiu la chn khc nhau v nh dng

nh dng M t

General Gi nguyn vn bn khi g vo

Number nh dng k t s

1. Decimal places S ch s sau du thp phn

2. Use 1000 Separator S dng du phn nhm

3. Negative number nh dng s m

Format Cell

D liu lu tr tht

D liu hin th hay d liu khi in

nh dng kiu tin t nh dng phn trm: nhn vi 100 v thm du % cui

Thm du phy tch nhm: nghn, triu, t v.v.. Tng/gim s sau phn thp phn

Bi 3

Bi 3 nh dng d liu


nh dng M t

Currency nh dng s theo kiu tin t

Accounting nh dng s theo kiu k ton

Date nh dng ngy, nh: 12/12/2004 hay: 12 12 2004 hay: 12 December 2004...

Time nh dng thi gian

Percentage nh dng phn trm

Fraction nh dng c phn s

Scientific nh dng theo kiu khoa hc

Text nh dng vn bn

Special Mt s kiu nh dng c bit nh m s vng, s in thoi v.v..

Custom nh dng ring do ngi s dng t nh ngha

Bng 3-2 Thng s nh dng trong Excel

Hnh 3-3 Ca s Format Cells

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Ngoi ra, Excel cung cp cho ngi s dng chc nng nh dng khng theo mt quy lut c sn. C ngha l ngi s dng c quyn t cho mnh mt dng nh dng ring khng ging vi nhng nh dng thng c trong cc bng tnh thng thng. Bn c th thc hin chc nng bng cch chn mc Custom trong ca s Format Cells.

nh dng tin t Tin t l nh dng cn quan tm ti trong bng tnh Excel bi ngi s dng Excel thng phi thc hin cc thao tc tnh ton trn cc bng s dng n v tin t.

Cc thc hin nh dng tin t hon ton ging nh nh dng s. Vn ch khc nhau dng tin t bn dng c th s dng phn danh sch chn la tin t trong mc Symbol

nh dng ngy Ngy l phn thng tin c s dng kh thng xuyn, trn bng tnh, ngy i lc l cc thng tin lin quan trc tip trn bng tnh hay trn bn in c tnh ti thi gian.

Tuy nhin nh dng ngy khng phi lc no cng hp bn. Ngy thng c s dng trong my i khi qu ngn gn.

Nu bn nhp thng tin ngy thng tht di bng tay th kh nng s dng tnh ton l khng c bi thng tin ngy thng lc ch n gin l mt on vn bn theo dng text.

Bi 3

Bi 3 nh dng d liu


khng phi g mt thng tin chi tit v ngy thng m c th c mt thng tin di v chi tit hn, c th cho php tnh ton c trn thng tin , bn s phi dng ti nh dng ngy.

nh dng do ngi dng t nh ngha Custom Trong nhiu trng hp, cc nh dng sn c ca Excel khng cung cp cho nhu cu ca ngi s dng. Trong trng hp , ngi s dng phi t to cho mnh cc nh dng cn thit. Hnh di y m t v nh dng ring trong Excel

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Khc vi nh dng sn c v tin t, v ngy thng, cc nh dng do ngi s dng t nh ngha yu cu ngi dng phi c kin thc nht nh v cch nh dng ny. Bn khng th g vo bt c thng tin no bn thch theo mt cch ring ca bn m phi tun theo mt s quy tc nht nh.

Gi s, bn mun khi vit vo mt trong Excel s 250000, Excel s t ng chuyn nh dng v 250.000 ng. Nu bn vit vo dng ch 250.000 ng, iu hon ton c. Tuy nhin, bn s khng th tin hnh tnh ton v my tnh s hiu thng tin bn nhp vo l dng ch. Trong trng hp mun tnh ton vi cc con s ny, bn s phi s dng n chc nng nh dng.

Bn thn Excel khng cung cp nh dng ###.### ng vi # l cc con s. lm c iu , bn phi s dng chc nng nh dng Custom. Cc thng tin to thnh nh dng trn c th l: #,##0.00 "ng"

tin hnh thao tc nh dng

1. Chn nhng cn nh dng

2. Chn loi nh dng trn thanh cng c Formatting

nh dng nhiu hn

thit lp nhiu nh dng hn, bn phi chn m ca s Format Cells

1. Trn thanh menu, chn Format Cells

2. S dng phm tt l Ctrl + 1

3. Thit lp cc nh dng trong ca s Format Cells

4. Nhn OK xc nhn nh dng

Trong hai hp thoi thuc phn type trong ca s Format Cells, bn nn ch quan st cc nh dng sn c trong hp thoi pha

di. Cc nh dng s gip bn thc hin cng vic nhanh chng hn, ng thi l nhng

gi hu ch cho nhng nh dng ring ca bn

Bi 3

Bi 3 nh dng d liu


Ch C

Cn chnh d liu trong

Trong bng tnh Excel khng phi ch c nh dng vn bn l . Nhiu trng hp sau khi iu chnh li cc thng s hay nhp cc thng tin khng c tng ng nhau v khun kh khin cho bng d liu tr nn lch lc, mt cn i, dn ti s kh chu ca ngi xem. Trong phn ny bn s xem xt cc vn v cn chnh d liu trong bng. S dng chc nng Format Cells.

Hnh 3-4 Ca s Format Cells

Cn chnh dng Mt bng d liu nh di y hn khng phi l iu bn mun

i vi bng d liu trn, d liu do c cn khng ng cch nn khin cho bng d liu c xu hng b s. Trong nhiu dng b tr khc, bn cng s phi i mt vi tnh trng tng t.

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khc phc tnh trng , bn phi s dng chc nng Format Cells nh dng li cc thng s hin th trn bng d liu.

Trong ca s Format Cells bn s c nhiu la chn cn chnh gm hai nhm chnh l cn chnh hng ngang Horizontal v cn chnh theo chiu dc Vertical.

Cn chnh M t

Horizontal General S dng cn chnh thng thng

Left (Indent) Cn bt c loi thng tin no sang tri

Center Cn bt c loi thng tin no ra chnh gia

Right Cn bt c loi thng tin no sang phi

Fill Cn thng tin va trong , thng tin no nm ngoi s khng hin th c

Bi 3

Bi 3 nh dng d liu


Cn chnh M t

Justify Cn thng tin hin y trong d liu, t ng xung dng hin thng tin

Center Across Selection

D liu c cn chnh i vi ton b cc ang c chn nhng khng gp cc ny

Hnh 3-1 Dn ngang c gp

Hnh 3-2 Dn ngang khng gp

Vertical Top Cn chnh dng vn bn hin th tnh t trn xung

Center Cn chnh dng vn bn sao cho hin th thng tin chnh gia

Bottom Cn chnh dng vn bn hin th tnh t di ln

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Cn chnh M t

Justify/Distributed Cn chnh thng tin hin th u theo chiu cao.

S khc bit gia hai trng thi Distributed v Justify l khi chnh sa thng tin:

Justify

Distributed

La chn Distributed khng c trong nhng phin bn c hn

Bng 3-3 Thng s cn chnh thng tin trn vn bn

cn chnh dng

1. Chn nhng d liu bn cn cn chnh

2. Trn thanh menu chn Format Cells hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl+1

3. Chn Tab d liu Alignment nu cn

4. Chn dng cn chnh bn mun

iu chnh cn chnh hng ngang trong phn Horizontal

iu chnh cn chnh hng theo chiu dc trong phn Vertical

5. Chn OK xc nhn nh dng

iu chnh hng vn bn Trong mt vi trng hp, b tr vn bn nghing i mt gc s to n tng cho ngi c, ngoi ra, trong mt s bng tnh cn quay hng vn bn, bn s thy chc nng ny rt thun li.

Bi 3

Bi 3 nh dng d liu


Hnh 3-5 iu chnh hng vn bn

1. Chn nhng d liu bn cn cn chnh

2. Trn thanh menu chn Format Cells hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl+1

3. Chn Tab d liu Alignment nu cn

4. Trong phn Orientation

Nhp gc quay trong phn Degrees

Bn c th quay hnh nhanh bng cch s dng nt trong phn m t pha trn c lng hng quay

5. Chn OK xc nhn nh dng

Ch D

Sao chp nh dng trong Excel

Trong cc phn trc, bn hiu c th mnh ca vic nh dng, bit c cch nh dng d liu trong Excel. Tuy nhin, tn ti mt vn m i lc c

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th s khin bn phi bn khon: vy nu ti mt cng to ra nh dng, sau ti mun to tip nh dng cho nhng d liu khc trn Excel th sao?

Cu tr li rt n gin: vy bn c to tip cc nh dng trn nhng i tng mi! Mt cch lm rt n gin! Nhng s hiu qu hn nu bn khng phi thc hin li hng lot cc thao tc! Ch cn thc hin thao tc sao chp nh dng, mi vic s nhanh chng hn rt nhiu.

tin hnh thao tc sao chp nh dng

1. Chn bn mun sao chp nh dng

2. Trn thanh cng c Standard, kch chn nt Format Painter

Khi con tr chut trn mn hnh s xut hin thm hnh chi qut bn cnh , ng thi c chn s hin ng bao nt t th hin cho thao tc copy

3. Bn r chut v mt ng bao quanh cc mun c cng nh dng

4. Th chut xc nhn, cc nm trong vng chn s c nh dng ng nh bn chn ban u

Bn cn lu rng tt c cc nh dng trn u s c sao chp, bao gm c nh dng ca ng bao

Copy nh dng, ng bao b mt

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Bi 4 Cng thc v hm

Mc tiu bi hc Phn bi ny cung cp cho ngi hc cc kin thc v cch to lp cc php ton trong Excel, bao gm:

Lm vic vi ton t

Lm vic vi hm

Bi 4

Bi 4 Cng thc v hm


Ch A

Ton t v php ton logic

Trong phn lm vic vi cng thc n gin (trang Error! Bookmark not defined.), bn thao tc vi cc php ton n gin to ra kt qu tnh ton trn d liu cng nhp trc tip vo cng thc.

Trong phn ny bn s xem cch Excel lm vic vi d liu trong cc trn bng tnh.

Tnh ton d liu trong bng Cc php ton bn nhp vo Excel c th l cc s liu c th c th nhp trc tip t bn phm. Tuy nhin, trong nhiu trng hp, cc s liu bn nhp cn c thay i v cp nhp lin tc. Trong trng hp th vic nhp d liu trc tip trong cng thc tnh ca Excel khng phi l mt la chn hp l.

Excel cung cp cho bn kh nng tnh ton da trn cc thng tin nm trc tip ti cc d liu ca Excel.

Bn tng thc hin php ton cho cc s liu n thun. Vi cc s liu , mi khi tin hnh tnh ton, bn s b ng trong qu trnh thay i gi tr php ton. Khi tin hnh php ton da trn s liu nm trong cc trong bng, cc kt qu s c t ng cp nhp theo cc thng tin hin c trong Excel

tnh ton vi d liu gia cc trong bng

1. Chn cn hin th kt qu

2. Vit cng thc kt hp gia cc d liu

3. Nhn Enter khi thc hin xong cng thc

Mt s vn thng gp Cng thc vn khng phi vn kh thc hin, tuy nhin thc hin sao cho chnh xc th khng phi l d. Trong nhiu trng hp bn s gp cc thng bo li khng mong mun, v bn phi c gng sa nhng li .

nh dng s

Trong Excel, mt cht bn s thy cc gi tr dng s, ngy thuc dng s liu thng dng tnh ton; thng c t ng cn chnh l phi cn phi. Cc s liu dng ch dng khng tnh ton; thng c t ng cn tri, bn c th xem m t trong hnh di y.

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Hnh 4-1 S trong Excel

Trong hnh trn, bn thy c tt c l ba s, nhng vi Excel, trong ba s trn, ch c hai s c coi l s. y l 342 v 32.15.

L do khng phi bi s 24,51 cn tri. L do l bi nh dng s hin ang c s dng trong Excel l nh dng theo kiu ca Anh M: c ngha l phn phn cch thp phn c xc nh bi du chm .. Trong trng hp ngi s dng g du phy , theo cch c kiu Vit Php; my tnh s hiu l ch 24,51.

Excel 2000 hay cc phin bn khc s dng nh dng s theo nh dng s trong h thng. Do , mun iu chnh nh dng s trong Excel, ngi s dng c th thay i nh thng tin trong h thng.

i vi mt s phin bn mi hn. Trong Excel c th ch ng thay i c cch nh dng s m khng cn iu chnh thng tin trong h thng.

Thng bo li c kh nng sa

Trong Excel, c mt s li phn mm c th t ng tin hnh iu chnh sa cha. Trong hnh di y

Bi 4

Bi 4 Cng thc v hm


Bn c th thy li thng bo ny sinh khi ngi s dng g thiu du ngoc trong cng thc. Excel c th nhn thy iu . Kt qu l thng bo li chung chung c a ra v ngh bn cho php sa cha cng thc: c th l hon thin cc thng tin bn cha hon thin.

Trong trng hp bn ng , cng thc s c sa theo ca Excel. Trong trng hp bn khng ng , mt thng bo li chnh thc s gip bn hiu vn mt cch chnh xc hn.

Ch B

Lm vic vi hm

Excel cung cp cho bn rt nhiu hm tnh ton, logic v.v.. phc v nhiu lnh vc vi nhiu mc ch khc nhau.

C rt nhiu hm n gin, ng thi cng c nhiu hm phc tp. Tuy nhin cc hm u lm vic trn cng nguyn l. Khi nm c nguyn l lm vic ca hm, bn s d dng tip xc vi cc hm khc.

Hm

Trong phn trc bn lm vic vi cc ton t. Ton t l cc thnh phn gm hai v, c ngha l khi thc hin mt ton t i hi ngi s dng phi a ra hai thnh phn cho hai v ca ton t.

V d: khi bn s dng ton t cng, bn phi cho bit v th nht l g hay bao nhiu, sau , cng vi v th hai l g hay bao nhiu.

Hnh 4-2 Ton t trong Excel

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i vi hm th cch lm vic li khc. Hm thc hin php ton trong chnh bn thn hm, sau t tr v gi tr. Khi thc hin, hm c th chy c lp, khng cn tham s u vo v cho ra kt qu nh hm Now hoc chy thc hin cng vic c tham s u vo nh phn ln cc hm cn li.

Tham s ca hm Cc tham s c dng trong hm cng c im khc vi tham s dng trong ton t. Trong ton t, cc tham s thng l gi tr c th hoc l duy nht tham chiu ti . Cn i vi hm, cc tham s u bao gm cc tham s trong ton t, im khc bit nm ch tham s trong ton t ch c th l tham chiu ti mt n, cn tham chiu trong hm cho php cng lc c nhiu d liu

Hnh 4-3 Hm trong Excel

Phn nh tham s trong hm

Ngoi ra, hm cn c th c cng mt lc nhiu tham s, tham chiu ti nhiu hay vng d liu khc nhau, lc , cc thnh phn d liu trong hm phi c phn tch r rt bng cc k hiu phn cch trong hm. Cc k hiu thng gp l du phy hoc du chm phy.

Quy c v du chm hay phy hay mt k t no khc c th thay i c. Tuy nhin, nu khng c g thay i c bit, bn thng c th xc nh da theo thng tin v nh dng s.

Trong cc phin bn Excel c 97, 2000 ngi s dng thng gp nhiu vn khi s dng cc du phn cch. Trong phin bn 2002, 2003, cc du phn cch c th hin r ngay di cng thc

Cc tham s trc tip trong cng thc c phn bit bi mu sc, cc tham s th hin trong phn hng dn c th hin m/nht: phn m l tham s bn ang lm vic, phn nht l cc tham s khc.

Bi 4

Bi 4 Cng thc v hm


Hnh 4-4 Phn cch hm trong Excel

Thng thng th nu thng tin nh dng s s dng du chm lm phn cch cho phn thp phn th trong cng thc s s dng du phy lm phn cch cc tham s. i vi trng hp nh dng s s dng du phy lm phn cch cho phn thp phn th trong cng thc s s dng du chm phy lm phn cch cc tham s.

Trong trng hp s dng bng thng tin hm vit cng thc, ngi s dng s khng cn thit phi quan tm nhiu ti k hiu dng phn cch.

Tm hm

Trong s dng hm th ngoi cch nh v nhp thng tin hm bng tay, bn c th s dng chc nng thm hm trong Excel

Hnh 4-5 Paste Function

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Chc nng thm hm thng b tr hm theo tng nhm cho tin lm vic, bn c th xem m t trong bng di y.

Nhm hm ngha

Most RecentlyUsed Cc hm s dng gn y nht

All Tt c cc hm

Financial Hm ti chnh

Date & Time Hm ngy v gi

Math & Trig Hm ton v lng gic

Statistical Hm thng k

Lookup & Reference Hm tm kim v tham chiu

Database Hm c s d liu

Text Hm x l k t

Logical Hm Logic

Information Cc hm thng tin

Bng 4-1 Nhm hm trong Excel

Trong phn nhm hm, bn ch cn chn cc hm c th phn ca s bn phi l c th thm c cc thng s cho hm.

Cc thng s c th hin v c s dng nh trong m t di y

Hnh 4-6 Hm trong Insert Function

Bi 4

Bi 4 Cng thc v hm


Cc thng s hin th vi phn ch mu m l nhng thng s bt buc phi c, cc thng s phn mu nht l cc thng s khng bt buc phi c.

Phn nm cui cng bn phi ca d liu hin th, lit k cc gi tr c trong vng thng s u vo.

Bn ng thi c th thy c lun kt qu ca chnh cng thc to ra phn d liu ngay pha di d liu bn a vo.

Ngay trong phn di cng cho bn bit cc k hiu c s dng th hin phn phn cch trong cng thc. Trong v d trn bn thy k hiu phn cch phn thp phn c s dng l du chm phy ;

Phn di cng ca ca s c mc Formula result th hin kt qu tr v chnh thc s xut hin trn cng thc.

Cch tnh cc hm n gin Trong phn ny, bn s xem qua mt s hm tnh ton n gin c cng mt nguyn l lm vic. C ngha l cc thao tc thc hin ca cc hm l hon ton ging nhau, phn khc nhau ch l tn hm.

Hm ngha

Sum Hm tnh tng, c s dng tnh tng cho cc d liu lin k v khng lin k. Sum thuc dng hm s cn c t nht mt tham s tnh ton.

Average Hm tnh trung bnh cng l mt trong s nhiu hm bn khng th khng bit trong Excel. S dng hm Average hon ton tng t nh cch s dng hm Sum.

Count Hm thc hin php m s lng tt c cc c cha d liu trong phn bn chn

Max Hm a ra gi tr cao nht trong cc bn chn

Min Hm a ra gi tr nh nht trong tt c cc bn chn

tnh trung bnh cng

1. Chn bn mun a kt qu

2. G du bng bt u cng thc

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3. Bn g tn hm cn tnh ton, c th trong trng hp ny l Average

rng pha di cng thc c phn ca s hin ln cho bn bit khu vc lm vic. Trong hnh trn, tham s u tin c mu m cho bit bn ang cn nhp tham s ny vo. Trong v d trn, cng thc c thc hin trn my quy nh cc tham s phn cch nhau bng du phy.

4. Bn c th g trc tip gi tr hay s dng chut chn nh bnh thng.

Bn c th kch chut v ko to vng chn a vng chn vo cng thc

5. Nhn Enter hay chn OK trn bng php ton kt thc.

Khi thc hin ht php ton, bn c th ng ngoc hoc nhn Enter xc nhn lun, Excel s t ng in thm du ngoc cho bn.

Dch chuyn cng thc C nhiu vn s ny sinh ngay sau khi bn hon thin c cng thc ca mnh. Chng hn bn nhn thy v tr cng thc cha hp l v bn cn iu chnh li. Hoc ch l vic bn khng mun mt cng g li cng thc qu nhiu ln. Bn mun lm sao cng thc c th thc hin c vi cc d liu c cu trc tng ng. Trong phn ny bn s xem cch thc hin cc vn

Hp thoi mu vng hin ln trn mn hnh c gi l Screen Tip

Bi 4

Bi 4 Cng thc v hm


Di chuyn cng thc

Trong trng hp bn thy v tr hin ti ca cng thc l khng hp l. Bn mun di chuyn cng thc sang v tr mi. Ti v tr gi tr cng thc khng thay i, bn c th thc hin thao tc nh di chuyn cng thc bnh thng

1. Nhn gi nguyn vo ng vin quanh cng thc

2. Ko ti v tr mi v th chut

Cn lu thao tc va ri s khng nh hng ti cng thc, c ngha l cng thc vn gi nguyn ngha. Trong trng hp bn gi Ctrl trc khi th chut (tng ng thao tc Copy) th cng thc s b thay i ngha.

Lp li cng thc

Excel l chng trnh bng tnh, do s lng cng thc cn thc hin trong khng phi l nh. Nu mi ln thc hin cng thc bn phi nhp li cng thc th iu tr nn rt bt tin v qu kh khn.

trnh khi vn . Excel cung cp cho bn chc nng in cng thc sang cc tng t c cng dng. Bn c th xem m t trong hnh sau:

D liu trong cc tnh trung bnh ca bng trn cha hm Average hm tnh trung bnh; bn c th xem trong cng thc pha trn.

bn s thy hm tnh trung bnh ca cc t v tr B6 n F6 i vi hc vin th nht. Khi thc hin php tnh trung bnh cho hc vin th hai tr i, gi tr tn dng s phi tng dn. C ngha l khi sinh vin th nht tnh t B6 n F6 th sinh vin th hai phi l B7 n F7, tng t nh vy cho sinh vin th ba, t v.v..

Excel cung cp cho bn chc nng ko th v in d liu trong cc t dng 7 tr i tng ng vi d liu trong dng 6. lm iu :

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1. Trong Excel, chn cha cng thc bn s phi lp

2. R chut vo gc di cng bn tay phi cho ti khi con tr chut hin thnh hnh ch thp

3. Khi con tr chut hin thnh hnh ch thp nh mu en, nhn v gi nguyn chut, ko ti ni bn mun chuyn cng thc, sau th chut ra.

bn s thy y chnh l thao tc Fill Cell c trong

bi trc

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Bi 5 Lm vic vi nhm hm

Mc tiu bi hc Trong bn thn chng trnh Excel c rt nhiu hm, bn khng th nh ht c cc hm cng nh cch lm vic vi nhng hm . Tuy nhin, lm sao bn c th thc hin tt cng vic ca mnh, thm ch vi nhng hm bn cha bao gi thc hin, phn bi ny s gip bn c c k nng . Bi hc a ra mt s cch lm vic c th vi cc nhm hm, cng nh mt s k nng b tr, bao gm:

Nhm hm ti chnh

Nhm hm ton hc

Nhm hm thi gian

Nhm hm tham chiu

Nhm hm logic

a ch tuyt i

Truy cp d liu nhanh vi tn

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Ch A

Tnh ton vi nhm hm ti chnh

Nu bn c d liu dng ti chnh trong bng tnh ca mnh, chc chn rng bn s quan tm ti mt s php ton lin quan ti cc vn ti chnh. Bn c th thc hin c kh nhiu php ton ti chnh vi cc hm ti chnh sn c trong Excel.

Hy th tnh ra s tin v li bn phi tr cho cn nh bn mi mua. Ngi xung vi mt cy bt v t giy, thc hin tt c cc php ton cn thit. Nhng nu con s bn cn bit l tng s tin bn phi tr hng thng trong nm u tin? Bn s mt kh nhiu thi gian thc hin php ton y! Thay vo , bn ch cn mt khong thi gian ngn ngi vi Excel gii quyt vn ca mnh.

Nhm hm ti chnh Financial function Nhng hm thuc nhm hm ti chnh thc hin cc php ton lin quan ti ti chnh k ton. Cc tnh ton thng lin quan ti cc vn khu hao, u t, cho vay v.v..

Hm SLN: ch Hng lm trong phng k ton ca mt cng ty ln cn tnh khu hao ca cc thit b trong cng ty da trn gi mua vo ca thit b , gi tr ca cc thit b s l bao nhiu vo thi im thanh l c xc nh, thi gian cng ty s s dng l bao nhiu. Ch Hng chn s dng lm SLN, nhp vo cc thng tin v gi mua, gi tr vo thi im thanh l, v khong thi gian t khi mua n khi thanh l.

Hm PMT: anh Huy mun mua mt chic t. Huy khng r anh y phi tr mt s tin hng thng l bao nhiu. xem chic xe c va vi ti tin ca mnh khng, Huy s dng hm PMT xem s tin tr hng thng. Vi hm PMT, Huy nhp vo li sut hng thng, s ln tr tin v gi tr chic xe. Kt qu tr v l s tin anh phi tr hng thng.

tin hnh tnh ton vi hm thuc nhm hm ti chnh

1. Chn d liu bn mun t cng thc

2. Chn nt Insert Function

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3. Trong danh sch Or Select A Category, chn Financial

4. Chn hm cn s dng trong phn Select a function

5. Chn OK hin ca s Function Arguments

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6. Nhp vo cc tham s

Trong Cc tham s trong hm, tham s no t m l tham s bt buc c, tham s vit bng ch nht l tham s khng bt buc Gi tr cc tham s Gi tr thc thu c M t chc nng ca hm M t chc nng ca tham s hin ti Gi tr thc c th hin trn kt qu

7. Chn OK xc nhn

Ch B

Lm vic vi nhm hm ton hc

i lc bn cn to ra mt bng s liu ton hc. Bn c th tnh ton bng my tnh, hoc s dng chng trnh Calculator trn my tnh...

Nhng s nhanh hn rt nhiu nu bn s dng cc hm ton hc trong Excel. Cc hm ton hc bn c th s dng y gm hu ht cc hm thc hin php ton thng thng. Ngoi ra, vi kh nng kt hp nhiu hm trong mt cng thc tnh ton s gip bn nhanh chng tm ra kt qu mong mun.

s dng cc hm ton hc



3. Trong danh sch Or Select A Category, chn Math & Trig

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6. Nhp vo cc tham s

7. Chn OK xc nhn

Ch C

Nhm hm thi gian

Bng tnh l ni bn cha d liu s dng cho nhiu mc tiu khc nhau. Trong , d liu thi gian thng xut hin kh nhiu. Trong phn mm bng tnh Excel, thi gian lun c lu , bn hu nh d dng tm thy cc hm thi gian p ng c cc nhu cu cng vic ca mnh.

Hm Days365: Hong lm cho cng ty chuyn pht nhanh, c phi nhp cc thng tin v thi gian nhn chuyn hng cho khch v thi gian hng ti ngi nhn. Trng phng ngh c a vo thi gian chuyn hng. C chn s dng hm Days365. C a vo khong thi gian nhn hng, tip theo l thi gian giao hng, Excel tr v cho c kt qu l thi gian hng n ni.

Hm Now: Cng ty thng k kt cc bn hp ng theo cc mu sn v Hong thng phi in ra cc bn hp ng . Thng tin v thi im k kt thng l thi im in hp ng. Thay v mi ln in, Hong phi nhp thng tin ngy thng vo thng tin ngy thng trong Excel, c s dng hm Now. S dng hm Now, Excel lun tr v cho c thi im c m v s dng tp tin.

lm vic vi cc hm thi gian



3. Trong danh sch Or Select A Category, chn Date & Time



6. Nhp vo cc tham s

7. Chn OK xc nhn

Ch D

Nhm hm tham chiu

Bn bao gi phi lm cng vic tham chiu thng tin?

Mt bng di danh sch m s khch hng v cc giao dch h thc hin trong bng giao dch.

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Bn phi c m s khch hng trong bng giao dch, quay sang bng thng tin tham chiu, tm tn khch hng trong bng tham chiu v in tn vo phn tng ng trong bng giao dch.

Mt cng vic bun t, nhm chn, tn nhiu thi gian v tht khng khip nu bn c hn 100 giao dch mt ngy!

Tham chiu Tham chiu l cng vic ly ra thng tin, s dng thng tin tra cu trong mt bng tham chiu chun, sau tr v gi tr tng ng.

Tham chiu i vi Excel khng ch s dng gi tr tm kim chnh xc m c th tm kim trong mt khong gi tr ty theo yu cu ca ngi s dng.

Vlookup: c Hin l ch nhim lp 11A3 trong trng. C mun c mt bng xp loi cc hc sinh trong lp. C chn s dng hm vlookup. Vi hm vlookup, c to mt bng tham chiu chun bao gm cc tiu ch sp xp nh: hc sinh c im t 5 n di 7 l trung bnh, hc sinh c im t 7 n 8 l kh v.v.. Sau s dng hm vlookup tham chiu.

lm vic vi cc hm tham chiu



3. Trong danh sch Or Select A Category, chn Lookup & Reference



6. Nhp vo cc tham s

7. Chn OK xc nhn

Tham chiu tuyt i Trong mt vi trng hp, bn s khng ch thc hin php ton i vi d liu cng dng n thun m phi thc hin php ton vi d liu trn dng khc.

Mt trng hp bn c th gp phi l mt tham chiu ti d liu trn mt c nh. Bn c th xem trong v d m t sau:

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Trong bng trn bn c th thy cch xc nh vic mt hc vin c th qua hay khng qua mn hc da vo im s chun xut hin trn d liu H3.

C ngha l nu hc vin c s im cao hn s c coi l t, v ngc li vi s im thp hn.

Php so snh theo bn thy, s lun ch ti v tr H3. C ngha l nu ko xung nh bnh thng, bn s lm tham chiu t H3 thay i thnh H4, H5 v.v..

Trong trng hp , bn phi s dng ti php tham chiu tuyt i, c ngha l lun tham chiu ti c th mt d liu.

Nh bn thy khi bn ko dc s lm th t theo chiu dc s hng; tng ln, khi bn ko sang ngang, s lm th t tnh theo chiu ngang ch ch th t ct; tng ln.

c nh th t , ngi s dng s phi thc hin thao tc c nh s hng hay ct. K t dng c nh tn hng hay ct c s dng l du la $. Khi bn vit du $ vo trc s th t hng trong cng thc, s th t s khng b thay i khi bn ko cng thc chy dc. Khi bn vit du $ vo trc tn ct, ch biu th tn ct s khng thay i khi bn ko cng thc chy ngang.

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thm vo tham chiu tuyt i

Bn c th thm tham chiu tuyt i bt c lc no, bt c ch no trong cng thc. Ch cn ti trc v tr cn thm, sau thm k t $ vo trc tn ct hay tn hng.

Ngoi ra bn c th thc hin thao tc mt cch nhanh chng hn vi phm F4

1. Trong cng thc, ng ti v tr tn cn thm tham chiu tuyt i. Bn c th thc hin ngay khi chn d liu bng chut hay nh tay ln u tin.

2. Nhn F4, bn s c tham chiu tuyt i t ln tn ca trong cng thc.

Nhn F4 ln mt bn s c tham chiu tuyt i cho c dng v ct

Nhn F4 ln hai bn s c tham chiu tuyt i cho hng

Nhn F4 ln ba bn s c tham chiu tuyt i cho ct

Nhn F4 ln bn bn s xo tham chiu tuyt i.

Tham chiu bng tn Tham chiu tuyt i l cch bn c th truy nhp v c nh v tr ca d liu trn bng khi copy, di chuyn cng thc.

S khng c vn g khi bn ch nh tham chiu mt ln ri khng s dng n trong cc cng thc khc.

Nhng nu bn mun s dng cng thc nhiu ln trong nhiu cng thc khc nhau, hoc bn c th a d liu cho ngi khc xem. Trong cc trng hp , mt a ch tham chiu tuyt i kiu nh: $N$2 s kh c th xc nh c l gi tr g, mc ch s dng ra sao. Bn thng phi vo v tr N2 xc nh xem v tr c ngha g v gi tr bng bao nhiu.

Thay vo , tham chiu bng tn s gn gi hn vi ngi s dng. Thay v s dng $N$2, bn c th t cho N2 mt ci tn. Gi s N2 cha phn trm hoa hng, bn c th t tn: commission. Sau trong cng thc bn ch cn g commission. Ti thi im , commission s tng ng vi $N$2. t tn cho hay mt nhm

1. Chn cc bn mun t tn

2. Kch chut vo phn Name box t tn cho cc c chn

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3. Nhn Enter xc nhn

Bn cng c th t tn cho cc s dng menu

1. Trn menu, chn menu InsertNameDefine

2. Trong ca s Define Name, t tn ca hoc nhm trong phn Names in workbook

Trong phn Refers to, chn li cc nu cn

3. Nhn nt Add thm tn mi vo h thng

xo tn trong h thng

1. Trn menu, chn menu InsertNameDefine

2. Trong ca s Define Name, chn tn mun xo

3. Nhn nt Delete xo tn khi h thng

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Ch E

Nhm hm logic

Logic l vn bn thng gp trong cuc sng v trong cng vic. Khi gp phi mt vn , bn thng phi phn tch tm ra hng i ng cho vn . Cng vic khng hn l 1 + 1 = 2, nhng vi nhng phn tch logic, bn c th a ra cc hng i ng n trong cng vic ca mnh.

c bit vi cc s liu trn bng tnh Excel, nhiu trng hp bn phi c v phn tch s liu c mt kt lun hp l. Cc hm trong nhm logic c th gip bn phn tch s liu bng cc iu kin r nhnh bn a ra: nu... th... v.v..

Nhm hm logic Hm logic l hm thc hin tnh ton trn s liu da trn cc iu kin. Khng ging vi cc nhm hm khc, bn ch c 6 hm logic (and, false, if, not, or v true). Cc hm ny hot ng da trn s ng sai ca d liu. Hm if: Hi lm trong phng k ton ca mt cng ty kinh doanh. Cc nhn vin kinh doanh trong cng ty thng c thng mt lng phn trm hp ng nht nh khi hon thnh vt mt mc ch tiu no . Hi cn tnh ra c tng chi ph phi tr cho mi mt nhn vin kinh doanh bao gm phn trm hp ng nu c. Anh s dng hm if xc nh nhanh cc gi tr cn tnh ton da trn hai iu kin c nhn hoa hng.

lm vic vi cc hm logic



3. Trong danh sch Or Select A Category, chn Logical



6. Nhp vo cc tham s

7. Chn OK xc nhn

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Bi 6 Sp xp, lc, tnh ton c la chn

Mc tiu bi hc Trong phn bi hc ny, bn s c trang b thm cc kin thc v cch thc sp xp, lc d liu cng nh tnh ton trn d liu c chn lc, tng hp. Bao gm

Sp xp d liu

Lc d liu

To v s dng phng thc lc d liu cao cp

Tnh ton s dng nhm hm d liu c chn lc

S dng chc nng tnh ton theo nhm subtotal

Bi 6

Bi 6 Sp xp, l!c, tnh ton c l#a ch!n

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Ch A

Sp xp thng tin

Qu trnh lm vic i lc bn cn iu chnh, sp xp li thng tin tin theo di. Chng hn bn c mt danh sch cc thnh vin trong cng ty, trc khi in, bn mun danh sch s c sp xp theo mt trnh t nht nh ngi s dng d dng tm c thng tin cn thit.

Sp xp theo mt tiu ch Excel c th gip bn sp xp li danh sch theo mt hoc nhiu tiu ch mt cch n gin vi cc thao tc sn c trn thanh cng c.

sp xp thng tin trong Excel

Bn chn d liu thuc ct thng tin cn sp xp.

Trn thanh cng c, bn nhn nt Sort Ascending hay Sort Descending c trnh t sp xp tng dn hoc gim dn.

sp xp thng tin vi nhiu tiu ch Vi cch sp xp nhanh ca Excel, bn ch n gin l kch hot cc chc nng trn thanh cng c c trnh t nh mun. Tuy nhin, vi cch sp xp , ti mt thi im bn ch c th sp xp theo mt tiu ch.

Excel cung cp cho bn mt chc nng sp xp na, s dng trn menu. Vi chc nng ny, bn c th to c cc thng tin c sp xp bi nhiu tiu ch kt hp. Cch sp xp ny th hin trong mt ca s ca s Sort vi nhiu la chn bn c th iu chnh mt cch thun tin.

Hnh 6-1 Ca s Sort

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L#a ch!n M t

Mc Sort by/Then by Th hin cc thng tin c sp xp, ti a s ch c 3 thng tin c sp xp

Accending Xc nh sp xp theo trnh t tng dn

Descending Xc nh sp xp theo trnh t gim dn

Header row Xc nh thng tin la chn s khng sp xp c dng trn cng ca bng

No header row Xc nh thng tin la chn s sp xp c dng trn cng ca bng

Bng 6-1 Chc nng trong ca s Sort

sp xp thng tin theo nhiu tiu ch

1. Trn thanh cng c, chn menu Data Sort

2. Trong ca s Sort, chn ct thng tin cn sp xp v ch sp xp

3. Chn OK xc nhn ch sp xp

Ch B

Lc d liu vi Auto Filter

Bn c mt lng ln d liu trn bng tnh ca mnh, nhng bn ch mun nhn thy mt phn d liu theo mt iu kin nht nh. S dng chc nng Filter trong Excel s gip bn thc hin c iu .

Lc d liu Lc d liu l phng thc xem d liu, nhng ch mt phn d liu tho mn iu kin ngi s dng a ra. D liu c th c lc theo mt hoc nhiu iu kin khc nhau, da trn thng tin v dng s hay theo dng ch. Nhng d liu no khng tho mn iu kin s b n. Chc nng filter c th sp xp li d liu trn bng tnh hoc c th copy vo v tr mi.

tin hnh lc d liu

1. Chn cc bn mun lc. Bn c th ch cn ng trong bng, t ng Excel s xc nhn bng d liu

2. Chn DataFilterAutoFilter

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3. Chn d liu trong danh sch theo iu kin bn mun

4. Tip tc la chn trong cc hp danh sch c iu kin bn cn

la chn theo cc iu kin m rng

1. Chn cc bn mun lc. Bn c th ch cn ng trong bng, t ng Excel s xc nhn bng d liu

2. Chn DataFilterAutoFilter

3. Chn d liu trong danh sch theo iu kin bn mun

4. Tip tc la chn trong cc hp danh sch c iu kin bn cn

5. Chn OK xc nhn iu kin

6. Lp li cc thao tc khi bn mun thit lp iu kin cho cc ct tip theo.

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B lc d liu vi Auto Filter D liu c lc theo bn mun. Tuy nhin, khi khng cn cn thit lc d liu, khi bn mun xem y d liu nh ban u, bn s phi loi b cc iu kin v lc d liu trn bng tnh ca mnh.

g b iu kin lc nhng vn gi Auto Filter

1. Chn vo hp la chn c nt mi tn mu xanh dng

2. Kch m danh sch, chn All

g b vic lc d liu vi Auto Filter

Trn thanh menu, chn DataFilterAuto Filter. Du la chn bn cnh menu Auto Filter v cc hp danh sch trn bng d liu s bin mt. Bng d liu s tr v dng th hin bnh thng.

Ch C

Phng thc lc cao cp Advanced Filter

Bn s dng phng thc lc Auto Filter trong Excel. Tuy nhin, vi phng thc ny bn cn mt s vn cha khc phc c:

Bn ch c th lc ti a hai tiu ch trn mt ct d liu

Cc tiu ch gia cc ct khng lin kt cht ch vi nhau chng hn Auto Filter khng th p ng c nu bn mun tm: nhn vin trong nhm kinh doanh trc tip c doanh s ln hn 5000 USD v nhn vin trong nhm kinh doanh qua in thoi c doanh s ln hon 3000 USD.

p ng cc nhu cu cao cp hn v lc d liu, Excel cung cp phng thc lc cao cp Advanced Filter.

Advanced Filter khng ch lc da trn cc iu kin cng nhc sn c. S dng Advanced Filter, bn c th to thnh cc iu kin lc d liu mm do, p ng c cc nhu cu v lc d liu. Ngoi ra bn c th tin hnh lc trc tip trn bn d liu hoc chuyn d liu lc c sang mt v tr mi

Cc la chn ca Advanced Filter Advanced Filter cung cp kh nhiu la chn bn tin hnh lc d liu hiu qu hn. Cc la chn y bao gm cc ton t so snh, cc ton t i din d liu v.v..

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70

Ton t$ ngha

=text Tm chnh xc cm t nm trong du ngoc kp

? K hiu thay th mt k t bt k ti ng v tr tng ng trong chui d liu

* K hiu thay th mt chui k t bt k ti khong v tr tng ng trong chui d liu

= K hiu bng

< Nh hn

> Ln hn

= Ln hn hoc bng

K hiu khng bng

Vng iu kin trong Advanced Filter Khc vi cc cch t iu kin trong cc hm, cc cng c khc ca Excel, Advanced Filter s dng phng thc cha iu kin thnh d liu trc tip trn cc ca Excel.

Chng hn tm tt c cc nhn vin thuc nhm kinh doanh c m s l 300 c doanh s ln hn $2500, bn s phi to ra mt bng d liu iu kin c dng nh hnh sau

s dng Advanced Filter

1. t con tr chut trong bng d liu bn mun s dng Advanced Filter

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2. Trn menu, chn DataFilterAdvanced Filter

Trong ca s Advanced Filter, khong d liu thng thng c chn l bng d liu bn ang ng

3. Trong phn Criteria range, chn vng d liu bn cn

4. Chn Copy to another location nu bn mun d liu sau khi c lc s chuyn ti v tr

5. Nu bn chn Copy to another location, bn s phi chn v tr bt u cho bng d liu mi

6. Chn Unique records only nu bn khng mun th hin cc bn ghi b trng lp d liu

7. Chn OK xc nhn

g b Advanced Filter S khng c vn g nu bn thc hin Advanced Filter sau chuyn sang mt v tr mi.

Trong trng hp bn thc hin Advanced Filter trn chnh bng d liu ca mnh, g b Advanced Filter, bn chn menu: DataFilterShow All

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72

Ch D

Nhm hm d liu

Cho n phn ny, bn hon thin cc phng thc lc d liu ca mnh. Sau khi lc d liu, bn c th thc hin cc phng php tnh ton trn nhng d liu .

Nm c nhu cu ca ngi s dng. Excel cung cp cho bn mt s hm tnh ton theo khung iu kin da trn cch lm ca Advanced Filter.

Nhm hm d liu Database Function y l nhm hm thc hin tnh ton da trn cc iu kin tng t Advanced Filter. Cc hm trong nhm ny c tn tng t vi cc hm thng thng, phn khc bit l ch D ng u. Cc hm thuc nhm ny thng c ba tham s: phn d liu, phn trng v phn iu kin.



3. Trong danh sch Or Select A Category, chn Database



6. Nhp vo cc tham s

7. Chn OK xc nhn

Ch E

Subtotal

Bn xem cch Excel tch lc d liu, bn cng c th tnh ton da trn s liu to ra do cc phng thc tch lc .

Cc s liu bn tch lc c th hin th thnh cc danh sch d liu khc nhau. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp bn mun to ra mt tp hp nhiu danh sch d liu khc nhau hoc iu chnh nhanh cc thnh phn d liu , cc chc nng bn va s dng c th gip c nhng s khng to ra hiu qu cao nht.

Subtotal L mt trong nhiu chc nng hu ch ca Excel, subtotal thc hin thao tc gp cc d liu c sp xp thnh tng nhm. Chc nng sp xp s thc hin cng vic gp cc d liu thnh nhm. Sau , chc nng subtotal c th thc hin cc php ton nh tnh tng, trung bnh v.v.. da trn s liu ca nhm . Mi mt worksheet c th c nhiu subtotal, c s phn cch gia cc subtotal. S liu tng theo hm cng s c a vo phn trn hoc di cng ca bng.

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Bn s phi lm vic vi nhiu la chn trong subtotal

Bng di y m t ngha ca tng la chn

L#a ch!n ngha

At each change in Ch ra ct d liu s dng gp nhm

Use function Ch ra hm s dng tnh ton khi gp nhm

Add subtotal to Ch ra cc ct d liu s tin hnh tnh ton

Replace current subtotals La chn ny c s dng khi bn mun thay th subtotal hin ti thnh subtotal mi

Page break between groups La chn ny s iu chnh thao tc in tng nhm thnh cc trang khc nhau

Summary below data La chn ny xc nh gi tr do php ton tng nm ti phn di bng, nu khng ch nh, gi tr ny s nm trn cng

Remove All Nt la chn xa ton b subtotal

thm subtotal

1. Chn bng d liu bn cn s dng

2. Sp xp ct d liu lin quan nu cn

3. Trn menu, chn DataSubtotal

4. Nhp cc thng tin xc lp subtotal

5. Chn OK xc nhn

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Bi 7 Biu trong Excel

Mc tiu bi hc Bi hc cung cp cho hc vin cc kin thc v to v s dng biu trong Excel. Bao gm cc vn :

Cch to biu

Chnh sa biu

Bi 7

Bi 7 Biu & trong Excel


Ch A

To biu

Cc nhm biu

Biu & M hnh chi tit

Biu dng ct

Thng s dng khi bn mun so snh d liu theo cc nhm

Biu dng thanh Bar

Thng s dng khi bn mun so snh d liu theo cc nhm

Biu dng ng Line

Th hin ng xu hng theo thi gian hay theo cc nhm

Biu dng bnh Pie

Th hin d liu thnh tng phn so vi tng d liu

Biu theo im XY (Scatter) So snh d liu theo tng i

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Biu & M hnh chi tit

Biu vng Area

Th hin xu hng phn trm gi tr tnh theo thi gian hoc theo nhm

Biu bnh vng Doughnut

Th hin d liu theo dng phn trm nhng chia c thnh nhiu nhm khc nhau

Biu dng Ra a Radar

Th hin s thay i s liu so vi im trung tm

Biu dng b mt Surface

Biu dng bng bubble

Biu dng c phn stock

Biu tr trn Cylinder

Bi 7



Biu & M hnh chi tit

Biu dng nn Cone

Biu kim t thp Pyramid

to biu dng ct, dng thanh hay dng ng

1. Trn menu, chn InsertChart khi ng Chart Wizard Bn c th s dng nt Chart Wizard trn thanh cng c

Ca s Chart Wizard hin ra th hin bc bn ang ng l bc 1, bn cn chn kiu biu

2. Trong ca s Chart Wizard, trang Standard Types...

Chn kiu nhm biu trong phn Chart type

Chn kiu c th trong phn Chart sub-type

3. Nhn Next sang bc hai xc nh d liu

4. Trong trang Data Range

Chn khong cc cha d liu bn mun a vo biu

Chn kiu phn b d liu

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5. Chn sang trang Series

Phn Series th hin cc di d liu khc nhau, bn nn ch vo phn hnh nh m t pha trn thy r hiu qu

Phn Name bn xc nh tn cho cc di d liu.

Phn Value xc nh chui cc cha gi tr ca tng di d liu

Phn Category (X) axis labels xc nh chui cc cha tn ca cc cm d liu (trong hnh v d, tn cc cm cha c to, mc nh 1, 2, 3)

Nt Add thm cc chui d liu mi

Nt Remove g b chui d liu bn ang chn.

6. Nhn Next sang bc th 3

7. Trong bc th 3, thit lp cc ty chn ring ca bn, cn lu rng bn c th thit lp tng ty chn v nhn vo phn ca s bn cnh c m t v ty chn bn ang s dng

8. Nhn Next sang bc cui cng

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9. Bc cui cng xc nh v tr bn t biu

As object in s a biu ca bn thnh mt i tng ni trn sheet bn ch nh

Chn As new sheet khi bn mun bn ca bn hin nguyn trn mt sheet mi. La chn ny cho php bn ch nh c tn sheet mi

10. Nhn Finish kt thc

Ch B

iu chnh biu

Bn cng bit rng khng phi ci g mi to ra cng hon thin, biu cng vy. Trong nhiu trng hp, bn cn iu chnh cc thng tin mnh a ra, cc yu cu, nh dng biu v.v..

nh dng i tng trn biu Trn biu c rt nhiu thnh phn khc nhau, bn ch cn r chut ln tng khu vc khc nhau trn biu s thy screen tip hin ln nhc bn bit bn ang r chut ln khu vc no trn biu .

Phn nn chng trnh

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i tng ngha

Value Axis Th hin gi tr theo trc tung

Category Axis Th hin cc nhm gi tr trc honh

Plot Area Phn nn ca biu

Value Axis Major Gridlines ng canh gi tr chnh theo trc tung

Legend Ch thch

Series Ch ra chui d liu hin ti

Chart Area Vng nn biu

nh dng i tng trn biu

1. Bn r chut ln i tng cn nh dng

2. Nhn phi chut ln i tng cn nh dng, chn Format

3. Tin hnh cc nh dng trong ca s Format

4. Chn OK xc nhn

Thay i kiu biu Bn c th la chn biu hai chiu 2D v thy rng biu hai chiu khng c p lm. Bn mun thay i t kiu biu hai chiu sang ba chiu. Trong trng hp , bn phi xem cch Excel h tr ngi s dng i kiu biu nh th no.

thay i kiu biu

1. Thao tc thay kiu biu

Bn c th chn trn menu, phn ChartChart Type

Thc hin thao tc chut phi trc tip trn biu vo cc phn Plot Area, Chart Area, Series, chn Chart Type

2. Chuyn kiu biu bn mun

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3. Chn OK xc nhn

iu chnh vng d liu Bn cn thm chui thng tin mi vo bng d liu, sau hin th chui thng tin trn biu cng cc chui thng tin khc. Vic thm bt cc thng tin trn bng hon ton n gin, tuy nhin, biu hu nh khng c phn ng g i vi vic bn thm thng tin. Cc thng tin bn la chn th hin trn biu vn c gi nguyn.

Trong cc trng hp thm mi hay iu chnh vng d liu, iu chnh cc ngun thng tin v.v.. bn u c th s dng mt chc nng sn c trong Excel.

iu chnh vng d liu

1. Thao tc iu chnh vng d liu

Bn c th chn trn menu, phn ChartSource Data

Thc hin thao tc chut phi trc tip trn biu vo cc phn Plot Area, Chart Area, Series, chn Source Data

2. iu chnh cc ngun thng tin nh trong bc hai khi to biu

3. Chn OK xc nhn

Thay i cc thit lp hin th biu Cc thit lp sn v biu bao gm cch b tr ng k, b tr nn, b tr trc tung, trc honh v.v.. Cc vn v b tr s kh kh hnh dung khi bn ch xem cc thng tin nh dng v nhn thng tin preview khng phi bao gi cng hin thng tin.

thay i cc thit lp v hin th biu


Bn c th chn trn menu, phn ChartChart Options

Thc hin thao tc chut phi trc tip trn biu vo cc phn Plot Area, Chart Area, Series, chn Chart Options

2. iu chnh cc thit lp trong ca s Chart Options nh trong bc ba khi bn to biu

3. Chn OK xc nhn

Thay i v tr biu gia cc sheet Bn c th to biu trc tip trn sheet c cha d liu, theo cc yu cu mi, bn cn to ra biu nguyn trn mt sheet khc. Bn th thc hin thao tc copy v thy rng yu cu a ra l khng n. hin th biu trn ton sheet m khng b nh hng bi bt c thng tin no bn ngoi, bn phi s dng cch thay i v tr ca Excel.

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Cch thay i ny ng thi cng rt hiu qu khi bn mun chuyn biu i bt k sheet no khc trong tp tin Excel ca bn.

thay i v tr biu


Bn c th chn trn menu, phn ChartLocation

Thc hin thao tc chut phi trc tip trn biu vo cc phn Plot Area, Chart Area, Series, chn Location

2. iu chnh cc thit lp trong ca s Location nh trong bc bn khi bn to biu

3. Chn OK xc nhn

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Bi 8 Cc chc nng h tr c bit

Mc tiu bi hc Phn bi ny s gii thiu n bn cc chc nng hu ch trong qu trnh lm vic vi Excel. Bao gm:

Kim sot s liu

Tm kim thay th s liu

H tr lm vic vi bng tnh c ln

Bo v s liu

Bi 8

Bi 8 Cc chc nng h( tr )c bit

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86

Ch A

Kim sot s liu

Trong qu trnh lm vic vi Excel, bn s thy Excel khng ch l mt phn mm bng tnh n thun m cn c th gip bn qun l, sng lc, sp xp d liu v.v.. iu dn n khi lng d liu lm vic trong Excel ca bn s tng ln, khng ch mt ngi m cn c th c nhiu ngi cng lm vic. Bn s phi quan tm ti vic kim sot qu trnh nhp d liu sao cho chnh xc, kim sot xem s liu trn bng c thc s chun xc hay khng...

nh dng c iu kin Conditional Formatting c cung cp sn trong Excel, phng thc nh dng c iu kin s gip ngi s dng nhn thy nhng im bt hp l, cc d liu cn lu tm i vi d liu trong bng tnh Excel.

Khng hon ton bit c ngha ca i tng, Conditional Formatting pht hin ra d liu da trn cc iu kin ngi s dng a vo.

nh dng c iu kin

1. Chn cc d liu bn mun tin hnh nh dng c iu kin

2. Trn thanh menu, chn FormatConditional Formatting

3. Trong ca s Conditional Formatting, thit lp cc la chn bn mun

4. Chn OK xc nhn

Kim sot s liu Bn c mt bng d liu trong Excel, bn bit rng cc d liu lun t nhn bt c dng s liu no m ngi s dng nhp vo. Trong trng hp bn to ra nhng bng s liu mu ngi s dng nhp vo, bn c th cn yu cu s liu phi m bo mt tiu ch nht nh.

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Nu s dng Conditional Formatting, ngi s dng nhp s liu, nu d liu khng ph hp, gi tr s b i mu. Tuy nhin, c nhiu trng hp ngi nhp s liu khng hiu s b qua, bn s lm mt thi gian hiu chnh c s liu ph hp.

Validation c th coi l bin php cng rn yu cu ngi s dng phi nhp s liu sao cho chnh xc. Trong trng hp s liu nhp khng chnh xc s c cnh bo v yu cu ngi s dng nhp li s liu.

thit lp Data Validation

1. Chn cc d liu bn mun thc hin kim sot d liu

2. Chn menu DataValidation m ca s Data Validation

3. t iu kin bn mun trong phn Settings

Chn Input Message t thng bo cnh bo ngi s dng nu cn

Chn Error Alert t thng bo cnh bo ngi s dng khi nhp d liu sai nu cn thit

4. Chn OK xc nhn

5. Kim tra hiu qu ca Validation

Ch B

Tm kim thay th

Bn kh quen thuc vi cch lm vic trong Excel. Khng c vn g trong vic nhp d liu, thay i ni dung d liu. Vn tip theo trnh by vi bn kh nng tm kim v thay i d liu tht nhanh chng c cung cp sn trong chng trnh Microsoft Excel.

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88

Tm kim Trong trng hp bn c mt bn tnh gn gng c sp xp tt. S khng c vn g khi bn mun tm kim mt thng tin trn bng tnh ca mnh.

Tuy nhin vi mt bn tnh chng 500 thng tin theo hng, v c th kh nhiu thng tin c sp xp theo chiu ngang. S d chu hn nu bn c th thc hin mt thao tc no nh v c thng tin bn quan tm hn l vic bn phi mt cng tm kim thng tin trong hng lot thng tin trn bng.

Chc nng tm kim c cung cp sn trong Microsoft Excel s gip bn tm ra d liu bn cn trong hng ni thng tin bn c.

Hnh 8-1 Ca s tm kim thng tin

thc hin chc nng tm kim

1. Trn menu, bn chn Edit Find

2. Trong ca s Find, g thng tin cn tm kim vo mc Find what

3. Nhn Find Next my bt u tm.

Thay th Thay th l chc nng rt mnh trong Excel.

Thng thng, bn vn quen tm kim theo thng tin, sau bn t thay i thng tin, ri tip tc tm v thay i...

Thao tc bn c th thc hin i vi mt on thng tin ngn ngi. Nhng vi mt lng thng tin cn tm kim v thay th kh ln th cng vic ny s kh c th coi l d chu c.

Microsoft Excel cung cp cho bn chc nng tm kim, v thm mt phn thay th c t trong . Ngay trong ca s tm kim, bn cng s thy chc nng Replace c tch hp.

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thc hin chc nng thay th

1. Trn menu, bn chn Edit Replace

2. Trong ca s Replace, phn Find what g thng tin cn tm kim

3. Phn Replace with, g thng tin thay th vo

4. Nhn Replace thay th

Ch C

Lm vic hiu qu hn trn bng tnh c ln

Bng tnh ca bn c th ch s dng c 10 dng v 5 ct. Nhng c nhng bng tnh rng ti 20 ct, chiu di ln ti hng ngn dng thng tin. Cng c nhiu bng tnh khng qu ln nhng thng tin bn cn tham chiu nm ri rc trn nhiu v tr khc nhau. Lm vic vi nhng bng tnh ln nh vy vi cch di chuyn thng thng s chng khc g vic bn i c trm cy s vi mt chic xe p mt phng tin rt th s!

Khng c nhiu thao tc phc tp, nhng s rt hiu qu i vi ngi s dng khi bn tp s dng v lm quen vi nhng cng c sn c nhng rt hu ch ca Excel.

n dng/ct n ct/dng s liu l mt trong nhng bin php nhanh chng bng tnh ca bn c gn gng. Ngoi ra, bin php ny cng hiu qu i vi mt s bng tnh, gip bn c th giu bt mt phn s liu khng cn thit trong qu trnh in n hay hin th.

n dng trong Excel

1. Chn dng bn mun n

2. Trn thanh menu, chn FormatRowHide

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90

hin dng ang b n

1. Chn dng ngay trn v dng ngay di dng b n

2. Trn menu, chn FormatRowUnhide

n ct trong Excel

1. Chn ct bn mun n

2. Trn thanh menu, chn FormatColumnHide

hin ct ang b n

1. Chn ct ngay bn phi v ct ngay bn tri ct b n

2. Trn menu, chn FormatColumnUnhide

Split n dng, ct l bin php hiu qu khi bn mun theo di s liu trn mt bng tnh n gin hay giu bt mt s s liu. Tuy nhin, i vi mt bng tnh yu cu bn phi tham chiu cc s liu trn nhiu khu vc khc nhau th n dng/ct khng phi l mt bin php hiu qu.

Split c cung cp sn trong Excel cho php ngi s dng c th chia mn hnh sheet ang lm vic thnh nhiu phn khc nhau. Nh chc nng ny, ngi s dng c th xem c mt s vng s liu nm ring l trn sheet.

thc hin chc nng Split

1. Chn d liu trung tm lm im ct

2. Chn menu WindowSplit ct mn hnh

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di chuyn khung

Cc thao tc di chuyn hon ton nh bnh thng. Tuy nhin, bn c th cn phi dch chuyn khung nhn ph hp hn vi d liu bn cn theo di hin ti.

Bn c th r chut vo ng ct dc thay i rng cc khung nhn

Bn c th r chut vo ng ct ngang thay i cao cc khung nhn

R chut vo im giao, bn c th thay i khung theo cc hng

g b ng ct

Trn thanh menu, chn WindowRemove Split

Freeze Panes Bn c th di chuyn, tham chiu nhiu khu vc khc nhau. Nhng mt vn bn cn quan tm: vic di chuyn trong bng tnh s lm mt i cc vng thng tin cn s dng tham chiu.

Bng tnh ca bn thng c phn thng tin thuc dng trn cng cha cc thng tin m t ngha ca d liu pha di. Khi bn di chuyn khung nhn xung di, dng thng tin trn cng s mt i:

trnh iu , excel trang b cho bn chc nng Freeze Panes, cho php ngi s dng c th lm ng cng mt s dng trn cng hoc mt s ct u cng bn tri.

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92

thc hin chc nng Freeze Panes

1. Nu bn mun ng cng ch dng trn cng dng 1, t v tr Active Cell vo A2

2. Trn menu, chn WindowFreeze Panes

g b chc nng Freezee Panes

Trn menu, chn WindowsUnfreeze Panes

Ch D

Bo v s liu

Trn bng tnh ca bn c th c mt s thng tin, mt s vng thng tin bn khng mun ngi s dng thay i thng tin trong cc vng . Excel cung cp cho bn chc nng kho tc ng ca ngi s dng ti cc d liu ny.

Mc nh trong Excel lun cho php ngi s dng kho d liu trn bng tnh ngi s dng khng th thay i cc thng tin .

Ca s kho thng tin cho php bn t mt khu bo v bng tnh ca mnh trnh ngi s dng c th t m kho.

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Phn la chn pha di l nhng hnh ng cho php ngi s dng thc hin khi bn thc hin thao tc kho d liu.

kho bng

1. Trn menu, chn ToolsProtectionProtect sheet

2. Trong hp thoi Protect Sheet, g

excel 2003

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