Chapter-1 Basic Fire Alam Systems Overview

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Chapter - 1 Basic Fire Alam Systems Overview

(protection of life) (protection of property) fire alarm system Fire alarm system (function)

() (Detect the presence of a fire.) () (Notify the occupants) () (Notify the fire department (usually through a central

station connec-tion)) () (door release) smoke door

(Operate other fire safety functions, e.g., release magnetically held open smoke doors.)

Heat detector smoke detector fire detection devices Heat detector (heat) detect detector (rapid increase of temperature) (detect)

Smoke detector (smoke) (detect) (common types) smoke detector ionization photoelectric detector Ionization detector flaming fire faster (detect) Photoelectric detector smoldering fire quicker

manual fire alarm boxe (exits) automatic sprinkler system waterflow device

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- FAS Panel

- FAS Panel

Heat detector smoke detector automatic detection devices detect (level of coverage) detector smoke detector heat detect (detect) detect smoke detector heat detect

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Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP) input and output

Sprinkler automatic fire detector (effectively detect) property protection or mission protection complete automatic sprinkler system automatic sprinkle system fire alarm system

(Notifying the occupants) (emergency evacuation) Horns bells sirens stroboscopic lights speakers notifying appliance (notifying appliance) detection Notifying appliance speaker

(fire department) (automatically notifying) fire alarm system Fire alarm system National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, NFPA 72 National Electrical Code, NFPA 70 Fire alarm system

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(applicable codes)

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System NFPA 72 NFPA 72- Fire Alarm and Signaling Code 2010 code 2010 code () NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code

Selecting a Fire Alarm System for your Application (code) fire alarm system system equipment

(code)

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Fire alarm system () System (purpose of the system)

() (fire protection goals of the owner)

() (type of occupancy to be protected)

() (The type and quantity of the contents to be protected)

() The required response time of the system; i. e. how fast must it operate? (System )

() System (basic function of the system)

() (applicable fire alarm system codes and standards)

() (other fire protection systems that must be interfaced)

() (The response time of the fire department)

() (available water supply)

Fire alarm system (occupants) (fire department) (suppression system) (shut down equipment) manufacturing processes The building and fire codes NFPA Life Safety Code NFPA 101-2009 edition minimum fire alarm system requirements guidance for the occupancy classification of the building

Fire alarm system Frie alarm system applicable codes standards (fire protection goals)

NFPA 72, the National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code

Building and fire codes fire alarm system frie protection goals

() Life Safety () Property Protection () Mission Protection () Heritage protection

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Life Safety Protection (apartments) (hotels) (condominiums) (residential) fire alarm system (life safety protection) (occupants) (life safety) (early warning)

Fire alarm system system Fire alarm system life safety protection (reliability) (stable) (occupants)

Life Safety Code-2009 edition Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

(FA evacuation signal)

Property Protection Detector fire alarm system (owner's property protection goals) (value of the property) (fire insurance) heat detector Fire alarm system

(fire insurance) (fire service professional) sprinkler heads automatic sprinkler system system detector fire alarm system (complete) fire alarm system (fire insurance) (fire service professional) system

(property protection) (reduce property losses due to fire) fire alarm system (100% coverage) automatic detection Fire alarm system (fire suppression system)

(public mode notification-PMN) (PMN) 15dBA () (sound pressure level of 15dBA above the ambient noise level) 5dBA ()(5dBA above a maximum sound level lasting for at least 60 seconds)

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fire alarm system

(property protection) heat detector (ambient temperature) (environment) automatic heat detector

spot type smoke detection beam type smoke detection flame detection (ceiling height) detector (response time) (fire department response time) (availability of water)

Mission Protection "Mission protection" detecti Flame detectors or aspirating (active air sampling) smoke detection smoke detector

(Heritage Protection) () Early detection preservation of the historic nature of the facility fire alarm system fire alarm system smoke detector heat detector

detector total detection coverage complete detection coverage system

(early detection) spot-type linear beam smoke detector air-sampling (aspirating-style) smoke detector earliest protection Heritage Protection NFPA 909-2010, Code for the Protection of Cultural Resources Properties- Museums, Libraries, and Places of Worship

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Application Guidelines

Time considerations Heat detectors, sprinklers, many other extinguishing devices or systems (response time) Fire resistance of building materials assemblies (The evacuation needs of the occupants are also measured in

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terms of time.) fire alarm system FPS

(Life safety applications) (property protection) (response time of the fire department) (capabilities)

Fire alarm system detect

Detector Selection Fire alarm system detector (owner's fire protection goals) system design detector Operating characteristics detector (environmental conditions) (type of combustible material) (ceiling height) detector NFPA 72-2010 17.5.3 (concept of level of coverage)

() Total (Complete) Coverage

() Partial Coverage or Selective Area Coverage ( )

(Protection) Code standare (law)

() Non-required Coverage () laws codes standards

Automatic fire detector () ceiling height () detector spacing

(ceiling height) (ceiling height) () heat detector (spacing) NFPA 72-2010, paragraph 17.6.3.5 High Ceilings (Smoldering fire) Spot-type smoke detectors () smoldering fire detect (flame) (combustion products) detector

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(fire intensifies) (combustion products) detector (early morning)

- spot-type smoke detectors - duct detectors

(Detector Spacing) National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code (2010 edition) chapter 17 smoke detector (guidance for spacing and placement of smoke detectors) smoke detector

Detector (spacing) National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code-2010 edition chapter 17 detectors ( -heat detectors) (spacing) Underwriters Laboratories Factory Mutual Research Corporation building codes and fire authorities detector (spacing) NFPA 72 Chapter 17

detector detector detector Detector Smoke detect

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Contents Chapter - 1 Basic Fire Alam Systems Overview ...................................................................... 1

Selecting a Fire Alarm System for your Application................................................................. 4

Life Safety Protection ......................................................................................................... 6

Property Protection ............................................................................................................ 6

Mission Protection .............................................................................................................. 7

(Heritage Protection) ............................................................................ 7

Application Guidelines ........................................................................................................ 8

Time considerations .............................................................................................................................. 8

Detector Selection ................................................................................................................................. 9

(ceiling height) ............................................................................................................. 9

Detector Spacing .................................................................................................................................. 10