Flexibacter columnaris

Flexibacter columnaris

NAMA ANGGOTA :1. Dika Putri E1251301001110212. Gabriella Dini M.D.P1251301001110263. Anggik Juliannur125130100111033Wijaya Kusuma Maheru125130100111039Yustina Rince Wadun125130101111024Andreas B Malino125130102111004

B 2012Pendahuluan1Etiologi2Epidemiologi3Flexibacter columnarisMorfologi4Patogenesis5Gejala klinisPengobatan & Pencegahan67

???For reproduction steps for this slide, refer to the PowerPoint template titled Combined picture and text effects for PowerPoint slides (ANI_TEXT.potx), slide number 8.PENDAHULUANMenurut Plumn (1994) -> lingkungan perairan mengandung banyak sekali spesies bakteri sekitar 60 hingga 70 spesies bakteri mampu menimbulkan penyakit pada hewan air

Terdapat dua tipe dasar bakteri yang menyebabkan masalah pada ikan: 1) pathogen obligat 2) pathogen fakultatif

Sebagian besar penyakit bakteri pada ikan ditimbulkan secara langsung dari stressor lingkungan ( kualitas air, handling, atau parasit non lethal ).

Bakteri -> ikan = Flexibacter columnarisFaded background picture(Basic)

To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout and then click Blank. Right-click the slide and click Format Background.In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, select Picture or texture fill, and then under Insert from, click File. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert.Also in the Format Background dialog box, in the Fill pane, in the Transparency box, enter 85%.

ETIOLOGIFlexibacter columnare (F. columnare)

Agen penyebab penyakit Columnaris, dari famili Flavobacteriaceae.

Merupakan bakteri air tawar yang termasuk dalam kelompok bakteri yang disebut bakteri Cytophaga.

Relatif panjang dan ramping, bakteri ini motil.

Wabah akan terjadi ketika kondisi sesuai dengan infeksi ( suhu lebih dari 60 F ).

Flexibacter tidak muncul pada air dengan pH rendah dan tingkat kesadahan air.

Lace background(Basic)

To reproduce the shape effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Clip Art. In the Clip Art pane, in the Search for box, enter j0437868. In the Search in list, select Everywhere. Select the clip art file to insert it into the slide. (Note: If you choose another clip art file, the clip art must be in the Windows Metafile format [.wmf].) On the slide, select the clip art.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Ungroup. In the Microsoft Office PowerPoint dialog box, click Yes. On the slide, select the converted clip art. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the top-level group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Ungroup. Also in the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Autoshape object, and then press DELETE. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Select All. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Regroup. On the slide, drag the adjustment handles on the group to increase its size so that it extends beyond the edges of the slide. Select the group. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box , click Fill in the left pane, select Solid fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 80%.Also in the Format Shape dialog box , click Line Color in the left pane, select Gradient line in the Line Color pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).In the Angle box, enter 90%.Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 100%.Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%.

To reproduce the background on this slide, do the following: On the Design tab, in the bottom right corner of the Background group, click the Format Background dialog box launcher. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Diagonal (first row, first option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 225.Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until three stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Tan, Background 2, Darker 10% (second row, third option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 18%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Select Stop 3 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 209, Green: 211, Blue: 191.

Square bullet pattern(Basic)

To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box, and then on the slide, drag to draw a text box that spans the entire width of the slide.On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Symbol. In the Symbol dialog box, do the following:In the Font list, select Arial.In the Character Code box, enter 25A0 and in the from box, select Unicode (hex) to select BLACK SQUARE, and then click Insert.Click Insert 29 more times until there is a row of 30 squares in the text box. Select the row of squares. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click Copy. In the text box, click to the right of the line of text and press ENTER to begin a new line of text. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the button above Paste. Repeat this process to create 16 total rows of squares within the text box. Select the text box. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Arial from the Font list and then select 28 from the Font Size list.On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Center to center the text in the text box.On the Home tab, in the Font group, click Character Spacing, and then click Very Loose. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the WordArt Styles group, click Text Effects, point to Transform, and then under Warp click Inflate (sixth row, first option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Center.Click Align Middle. On the slide, drag the pink diamond adjustment handle to adjust the amount of warp on the rows of squares. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the WordArt Styles group, click the arrow next to Text Fill, point to Gradient, and then click More Gradients. In the Format Text Effects dialog box, click Text Fill in the left pane. In the Text Fill pane, select Gradient fill, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Text 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).On the Design tab, in the bottom right corner of the Background group, click the Format Background dialog box launcher. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 15% (third row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Text 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).

EpidemiologiPenyakit columnaris ditemukan diseluruh dunia terjadi pada ikan air tawar dan air payau, khususnya di US, Eropa, dan Asia

Menurut Meyer (1970) -> bakteri ini khususnya menyerang ikan chanel catfish dan ictalurids. Selain itu ikan salmonids, ikan mas di Eropa, golden shiners, fathead minnow, dan ikan koki di Amerika serikat sangat rentan terkena infeksi bakteri ini.

Distribusikan melalui sumber air tawar menginfeksi banyak spesies ikan air tawar liar dan spesies ikan budidaya ( ikan mas, ikan lele, ikan mas, belut, bertengger, salmon dan ikan nila) , dapat pula menyerang ikan akuarium air tawar tropis.

Ikan dalam status pembawa klinis (carier) terdapat suatu isolat yang tersisa dari wabah Columnaris sebelumnya dan ini mampu menjadi sumber infeksi bagi ikan lain.

Half-circle picture with accent arcs(Basic)

To reproduce the shape effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Basic Shapes, click Arc (third row, 12th option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw an arc.Select the arc. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 7.5.In the Shape Width box, enter 7.5.Drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle on the right side of the arc to the bottom of the slide to create a half-circle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Shape Styles group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, select Picture or texture fill, and then do the following under Insert from: Click File. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert. Select Tile picture as texture. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane. In the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Inner click Inside Diagonal Top Right (first row, third option from the left), and then do the following:In the Transparency box, enter 70%.In the Blur box, enter 20 pt.In the Distance box, enter 20 pt. Drag the half-circle to the left until the two middle yellow adjustment diamonds are lined up with the left edge of the slide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Middle. Select the arc. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. Select the second arc. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 6.79.In the Shape Width box, enter 10.03.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, select No fill. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane. In the Line Color pane, select Solid line and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 50%.Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Style in the left pane. In the Line Style pane, in the Width box, enter 1.5 pt.Drag the second arc left on the slide until the two middle yellow adjustment diamonds are lined up with the left edge of the slide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Middle.Select the second arc. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. Select the third arc. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 6.86.In the Shape Width box, enter 9.98.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, select Gradient line in the Line Color pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 40% (fourth row, fifth option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 77%.Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 208, Green: 215, Blue: 222.In the Format Shape dialog box, in the Line Style pane, in the Transparency box, enter 90%.Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Style in the left pane. In the Line Style pane, in the Width box, enter 4.25 pt. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Left. Drag the third arc left on the slide until the two middle yellow adjustment diamonds are lined up with the left edge of the slide. Drag the third arc vertically as needed to position it slightly above the second arc on the slide.

To reproduce the background on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Up (second row, second option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 270.Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until four stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 167, Green: 185, Blue: 197.Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 30%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Select Stop 3 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 70%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Select Stop 4 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 167, Green: 185, Blue: 197.

Adanya Lesi pada bagian insang -> gangguan pernafasan pada ikan -> kematianSmartArt custom animation effects: vertical picture list(Intermediate)

To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt. In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Vertical Picture List (fourth row, first option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide. To create a fourth shape in the graphic, select the third shape from the top, and then under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click the arrow next to Add Shape, and then click Add Shape Before. Repeat this process to create a fifth shape.Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:In the Height box, enter 6.38.In the Width box, enter 7.91.Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Middle. Click Align Center. Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, click each of the second-level bullets and then press DELETE until there are only three first-level bullets remaining (one for each shape). Enter text for each shape into the first-level bullets.On the slide, select the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select 14 from the Font Size list.Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left). On the Design tab, in the Themes group, click Colors, and then click Civic. (Note: If this action is taken in a PowerPoint presentation containing more than one slide, the theme colors will be applied to all of the slides.) Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range Accent Colors 3 to 4 (third option from the left). Click each of the five picture placeholders in the graphic, and then in the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and click Insert.Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five of the pictures on the slide. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shapes group, click Change Shape, and then under Rectangles click Round Diagonal Corner Rectangle (ninth option from the left).Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Effects, point to Glow, and then do the following:Under Glow Variations, select Accent color 1, 5 pt glow (first row, first option from the left).Point to More Glow Colors, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Press and hold CTRL, and then select all of the larger rounded rectangles. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shapes group, click Change Shape, and then under Rectangles click Round Diagonal Corner Rectangle (ninth option from the left).

To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click Custom Animation.On the slide, select the graphic. In the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Click Add Effect, point to Entrance, and then click More Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade, and then click OK. Under Modify: Fade, in the Speed list, select Fast. Click Add Effect, point to Motion Paths, and then click Right. Under Modify: Right, do the following:In the Start list, select With Previous.In the Speed list, select Fast. On the slide, right-click the right motion path and then click Reverse Path Direction.Press and hold CTRL, and then select the two animation effects in the Custom Animation task pane. Click the arrow to the right of one of those effects, and then click Effect Options. In the Effect Options dialog box, on the SmartArt Animation tab, in the Group Graphic list, select One by One.Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Click the double arrows under each effect to expand the list of effects.Select the first animation effect (fade effect for the first rectangle). Under Modify: Fade, in the Start list, select With Previous.Also in the Custom Animation task pane, select the 11th animation effect (motion path for the first picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT to constrain the path to a straight horizontal line, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow). Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Drag the 11th effect until it is second in the list of effects. Drag the 12th effect (motion path for the first large rectangle) until it is fourth in the list of effects. Also in the Custom Animation task pane, select the 13th animation effect (motion path for the second picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow), into the same position as the green arrow for the first picture motion path. Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Drag the 13th animation effect until it is sixth in the list of effects. Under Modify: Right, in the Start list, select With Previous.Drag the 14th animation effect (motion path for the second large rectangle) until it is eighth in the list of effects. Select the 15th animation effect (motion path for the third picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow), into the same position as the starting point for the first picture motion path. Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Drag the 15th animation effect until it is 10th in the list of effects. Under Modify: Right, in the Start list, select With Previous.Drag the 16th animation effect (motion path for the third large rectangle) until it is 12th in the list of effects. Select the 17th animation effect (motion path for the fourth picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow), into the same position as the starting point for the first picture motion path. Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Drag the 17th animation effect until it is 14th in the list of effects. Under Modify: Right, in the Start list, select With Previous.Drag the 18th animation effect (motion path for the fourth large rectangle) until it is 16th in the list of effects.Select the 19th animation effect (motion path for the fifth picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow), into the same position as the starting point for the first picture motion path.Also in the Custom Animation task pane, drag the 19th animation effect until it is 18th in the list of effects. Under Modify: Right, in the Start list, select With Previous.

To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Corner (fifth option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 25% (fourth row, first option from the left).

MORFOLOGIKoloni Flexibacter columnare mempunyai ukuran kecil -> diameter 3-4mmTumbuh setelah 24 jam inkubasi

- Struktur rhizoid- Koloninya berwarna kuning pucat.- Koloninya akan berwarna merah muda bila terkena kalium hidroksida- Gambar Mikroskopis pada jaringan basah dari insang atau kerokan kulit kewan yang terinfeksi sering terlihat adanya bentukan seperti tumpukan jerami.

Picture with multicolored tint(Basic)

To reproduce the picture effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, resize or crop the picture as needed so that under Size and rotate, the Height box is set to 4.08 and the Width box is set to 10. Resize the picture under Size and rotate by entering values into the Height and Width boxes. Crop the picture under Crop from by entering values into the Left, Right, Top, and Bottom boxes. Select the picture. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, click Picture in the left pane, and then do the following in the Picture pane:Click the button next to Recolor, and then under Color Modes, click Grayscale (first option from the left).In the Brightness box, enter 25%.In the Contrast box, enter 25%.Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under Inner click Inside Top (first row, second option from the left). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles, click Rectangle (first option from the left). Drag to draw a rectangle on the slide. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 4.08.In the Shape Width box, enter 10.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:Click the button next to Preset colors, and then click Rainbow II (fourth row, second option from the left).In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left).In the Angle box, enter 180.Under Gradient stops, in the drop-down list, select each of the five stops individually, and then in the Transparency box, enter 70%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then select No line in the Line Color pane. Press and hold SHIFT and select both the picture and the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then do the following:Point to Align, and then click Align to Slide. Point to Align, and then click Align Middle.Point to Align, and then click Align Center.Click Group.Drag the group vertically on the slide to position as needed. If the group is no longer centered horizontally on the slide, on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide. Click Align Center.

To reproduce the background on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Right (first row, fourth option from the left). In the Angle text box, enter 0.Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until three stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 15% (third row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 20%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Select Stop 3 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 25% (fourth row, first option from the left).

PatogenesisCara penularannya ialah dengan kontak langsung dengan ikan sakit ataupun air yang tercemar oleh bakteri tersebut . Jika ikan terinfeksi bakteri ini akan dapat menimbulkan Infeksi yang bersifat perakut, akut ataupun kronis.Insang tampak kotor dan biasanya diikuti oleh kematian.

Makroskopis : kulit di daerah kepala dan belakang dan insang menunjukkan adanya plaque berwarna putih dan menonjol yang disertai oleh daerah hiperemia di bagian perifer. Insang terlihat mengalami nekrosis dan kongesti. Lesi pada kulit dapat melanjut menjadi ulser dan hemorrhagik. Dari segimikroskopis epidermis terlihat mengalami degenerasi hidropik, nekrosis dan ulserasi. Nekrosis dapat meluas ke arah dermis dan lesi tersebut biasanya dikelilingi oleh daerah hemorrhagik.

Faded picture background with full-color overlay(Intermediate)

Tip: For best results with the picture overlay on this slide, use a picture that is the same dimensions as the slide: 7.5 high and 10 wide. If the picture is not the same height and width, resize or crop to those dimensions before following the instructions below.

To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. Right-click the slide and then click Format Background.In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, select Picture or texture fill, and then under Insert from, click File. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert.Also in the Format Background dialog box, in the Fill pane, in the Transparency box, enter 50%.Also in the Format Background dialog box, click Picture in the left pane. In the Picture pane, click the button next to Recolor, and then under Light Variations, click Background color 2 Light (first option from the left). On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Picture.In the Insert Picture dialog box, select the same picture chosen for the background, and then click Insert. Select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, under Crop from, enter 8.27 into the Right box to crop the picture to a width of 2.25. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shape Effects, point to Soft Edges, and then click 10 point.

PatogenesisMekanismenya : F. columnare melekat pada jaringan target -> Lektin Sel inang epitel memanfaatkan lektin untuk mengikat dan bakteri menggumpalkannya dengan mengikat ke permukaan glycoconjugates.

Interaksi antara lektin bakteri dan reseptor karbohidrat inangnya mengakibatkan reduksi.

Kemudian di dalam tubuh ikan bakteri ini akan meningkatkan metabolismenya , dapat pula menghasilkan toksin untuk merusak jaringan dari host tersebut.

Kemudian sistem imun akan terganggu yang menyebabkan gangguan pada tubuh ikan tersebut.

Bakteri ini kebanyakan menyerang pada bagian insang. Ketika patogen masuk dan merusak jaringan pada insang, maka akan menyebabkan gangguan pernafasan -> Hal ini yang kemungkinan dapat menyebabkan kematian pada ikan tersebut.

Faded picture background with full-color overlay(Intermediate)

Tip: For best results with the picture overlay on this slide, use a picture that is the same dimensions as the slide: 7.5 high and 10 wide. If the picture is not the same height and width, resize or crop to those dimensions before following the instructions below.

To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. Right-click the slide and then click Format Background.In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, select Picture or texture fill, and then under Insert from, click File. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert.Also in the Format Background dialog box, in the Fill pane, in the Transparency box, enter 50%.Also in the Format Background dialog box, click Picture in the left pane. In the Picture pane, click the button next to Recolor, and then under Light Variations, click Background color 2 Light (first option from the left). On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Picture.In the Insert Picture dialog box, select the same picture chosen for the background, and then click Insert. Select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, under Crop from, enter 8.27 into the Right box to crop the picture to a width of 2.25. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shape Effects, point to Soft Edges, and then click 10 point.

12345Gejala KlinisSmartArt custom animation effects: vertical picture list(Intermediate)

To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt. In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Vertical Picture List (fourth row, first option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide. To create a fourth shape in the graphic, select the third shape from the top, and then under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click the arrow next to Add Shape, and then click Add Shape Before. Repeat this process to create a fifth shape.Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:In the Height box, enter 6.38.In the Width box, enter 7.91.Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Middle. Click Align Center. Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, click each of the second-level bullets and then press DELETE until there are only three first-level bullets remaining (one for each shape). Enter text for each shape into the first-level bullets.On the slide, select the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select 14 from the Font Size list.Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left). On the Design tab, in the Themes group, click Colors, and then click Civic. (Note: If this action is taken in a PowerPoint presentation containing more than one slide, the theme colors will be applied to all of the slides.) Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range Accent Colors 3 to 4 (third option from the left). Click each of the five picture placeholders in the graphic, and then in the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and click Insert.Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five of the pictures on the slide. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shapes group, click Change Shape, and then under Rectangles click Round Diagonal Corner Rectangle (ninth option from the left).Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Effects, point to Glow, and then do the following:Under Glow Variations, select Accent color 1, 5 pt glow (first row, first option from the left).Point to More Glow Colors, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Press and hold CTRL, and then select all of the larger rounded rectangles. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shapes group, click Change Shape, and then under Rectangles click Round Diagonal Corner Rectangle (ninth option from the left).

To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click Custom Animation.On the slide, select the graphic. In the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Click Add Effect, point to Entrance, and then click More Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade, and then click OK. Under Modify: Fade, in the Speed list, select Fast. Click Add Effect, point to Motion Paths, and then click Right. Under Modify: Right, do the following:In the Start list, select With Previous.In the Speed list, select Fast. On the slide, right-click the right motion path and then click Reverse Path Direction.Press and hold CTRL, and then select the two animation effects in the Custom Animation task pane. Click the arrow to the right of one of those effects, and then click Effect Options. In the Effect Options dialog box, on the SmartArt Animation tab, in the Group Graphic list, select One by One.Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Click the double arrows under each effect to expand the list of effects.Select the first animation effect (fade effect for the first rectangle). Under Modify: Fade, in the Start list, select With Previous.Also in the Custom Animation task pane, select the 11th animation effect (motion path for the first picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT to constrain the path to a straight horizontal line, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow). Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Drag the 11th effect until it is second in the list of effects. Drag the 12th effect (motion path for the first large rectangle) until it is fourth in the list of effects. Also in the Custom Animation task pane, select the 13th animation effect (motion path for the second picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow), into the same position as the green arrow for the first picture motion path. Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Drag the 13th animation effect until it is sixth in the list of effects. Under Modify: Right, in the Start list, select With Previous.Drag the 14th animation effect (motion path for the second large rectangle) until it is eighth in the list of effects. Select the 15th animation effect (motion path for the third picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow), into the same position as the starting point for the first picture motion path. Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Drag the 15th animation effect until it is 10th in the list of effects. Under Modify: Right, in the Start list, select With Previous.Drag the 16th animation effect (motion path for the third large rectangle) until it is 12th in the list of effects. Select the 17th animation effect (motion path for the fourth picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow), into the same position as the starting point for the first picture motion path. Also in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following:Drag the 17th animation effect until it is 14th in the list of effects. Under Modify: Right, in the Start list, select With Previous.Drag the 18th animation effect (motion path for the fourth large rectangle) until it is 16th in the list of effects.Select the 19th animation effect (motion path for the fifth picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point to the left of the endpoint (red arrow), into the same position as the starting point for the first picture motion path.Also in the Custom Animation task pane, drag the 19th animation effect until it is 18th in the list of effects. Under Modify: Right, in the Start list, select With Previous.

To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Corner (fifth option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 25% (fourth row, first option from the left).

Dengan Obat-obatan yang umum digunakan antara lain oxytetraciclin, tetracycline, potasium permanganate, dan copper sulpate.

Dilakukan dengan cara : ikan yang sakit direndam dalam tawas (CuSO4) selama 1-2 menit. Dosisnya sebanyak 1 ml tawas untuk 2 liter air. Diberi antibiotik tetrasiklin selama lebih dari 30 menit dengan dosis 10 mg/2 air.Atau dapat dilakukan perendaman dengan garam. Manajemen penanganan :pencegahan, perawatan kondisi lingkungan optimum, penanganan ikan yang benar, dan implementasi dari prosedur perawatan kesehatan yang baik. Pengendalian suhu lingkungan merupakan alat manajemen lingkungan yang penting. Menghindari Overstocking dengan pakan dan bahan organik yang berlebihan di dalam air menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas air. Vaksinasi ikan untuk melawan F.columnaris menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan pada akhir tahun 1970an.

Pengobatan & PencegahanDarkened picture background with full-color circle(Intermediate)

Tip: For best results with the picture overlay on this slide, use a picture that is the same dimensions as the slide: 10 wide and 7.5 high. If the picture is not the same width and height, resize or crop to those dimensions before following the instructions below.

To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. Right-click the slide and then click Format Background.In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, select Picture or texture fill, and then under Insert from, click File. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert.Also in the Format Background dialog box, click Picture in the left pane, and then do the following in the Picture pane: Click the button next to Recolor, and then under Color Modes, click Grayscale (first option from the left). In the Brightness box, enter -50%.In the Contrast box, enter -60%.On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select the same picture used for the background, and then click Insert.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shape Effects, point to Soft Edges, and then click 10 Point. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Picture Styles group, click Picture Shape, and then under Basic Shapes, click Oval (first row, first option from the left). Select the oval. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, under Crop from, enter values into the Left, Right, Top, and Bottom boxes to crop the oval as needed.

THANK YOU For reproduction steps for this slide, refer to the PowerPoint template titled Static text effects for PowerPoint slides (STATIC_TEXT.potx), slide number 17.