gayaguem music & its structure joengak traditional music genre folk music
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Joengak
正樂 ( 正 : right 樂 :music= righteous music)
“ Generally speaking, a slow melody is leisurely, like a flock of clouds floating in the sky.”
Central to court ritual and ceremonial music and aristocratic music in Joseon Dynasty (1392 ~ 1910)
Slow tempo / emotionally restrained
Self-cultivation
Peaceful
Joengak : Sujaechun
Meditation?
In Royal Procession Ceremonies and Court Music Performances
Everlasting Life
Su 壽 : life jae 齊 :same chun天 : heaven
Joengak : Sujaechun
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MMulcRsTeE
Intensive vibrato ( Nonghyun ) & sigimsae
Compare to Jeongak
Greater Range of Tempo & More Expressive Melodies in Emotions
Meaning Scattered Melodies
Various Rhythm Cycle
Folk Music : Sanjo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-OuZS6uBO0
Nongak : traditional farmers' music
Gayaguem Sanjo performance :
Epic-Length Stories
“Sori” = Song
“Aniri” = Narration “Ballim” = Mimetic gestures
“Gosu ( 鼓手) ” = Drummer “Chuimsae” : ‘eolssu’, ‘eu-iee’, ‘eolssigu’…
Musical Drama
Folk Music : Pansori
Buk :
http://tvpot.daum.net/clip/ClipView.do?clipid=21258103
Vocalist Governed by a Modal System
Drummer with a Fixed Cyclic Pattern
Freedom to Improvise
Sanjo vs. Pansori
Length of Pansori
Folk Music : Pansori
“Samguksagi” (Historical record of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, A.D. 1145)
The King Gasil of Gaya Kingdom (A.D. 42 – 532)
Zither from Gaya
Ureuk & The King Jinheung of Silla
Gayaguem : Its Origin
Flat bottom = Earth
Twelve strings = Twelve months
Round surface of the front board = Heaven
Sun & Moon = Yin & Yang(balance of universal forces)
Jwadan, 喜 = Joy and Happiness / The Sun & The moon
Gayaguem : Structure with its Symbolic Value
Gayaguem : Structure with its Symbolic ValueTwelve bridges, anjok ( 안족 / 雁足 /wild geese feet)
Phoenix= good luck :
Jeongak Gayageum: Assoicated with accompaniment for court/chamber music and
lyric songs Wider spacing between strings Slow music : Yeongsan-hoesang
Twelve to twenty-five strings Jeongak
Ancient gayageum: Beopgeum (law-zither), Pungnyu (elegance), or Jeongak (right music) Gayageum
Gayaguem : Types and Musical Characteristics
靈山會上佛菩薩 : Buddha’s sermon
Nine Pieces : Slowest in the 1st movement to fastest in the 9th movement
“Sangryungsan”
Ensemble accompaniment for lyric song
Music of Jeongak Gayaguem : Yeongsan-hoesang & others
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-OuZS6uBO0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEMLpxirxM8
19th century with the emergence of Sanjo music (fast tempos and improvisational)
Closer string spacing & Shorter length
Folk Song : “Arirang”
Traditionally Silk string & Occasionally Synthetic string since the late 20th century
“Sinawhi” : Ensemble form of Sanjo / Jazz
Music of Sanjo Gayaguem
Music for sanjo gayageum: Sanjo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsF9y33eZbw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gkM_LXUCMeAc
Composed by Byunggi Hwang
Music of Sanjo Gayaguem : Contemporary Music (Chimhyangmoo)
Spreading through a Tree
Imagination of Western Culture through the Silk Road to Silla
沈 香 a valuable Indian incense 舞 a tree
Silk String vs. Polyester String
Soft & Delicate Tone Color vs. Louder & More Brilliant Sound
Modern music Various number of strings :
18 Strings : tuned to a Pentatonic Scale & Made of Polyester Synthetic String
25 Strings : tuned heptatonically
Modified Gayaguem
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_zhaQTrds7Q
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YhT5vtV1kI4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_9MFxxobUcY