gef hai basin integrated water resources and environment management （iwem） project in china

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IGR-2Beijing

GEF 海河流域水资源与水环境综合管理项目

GEF Hai Basin Integrated Water resources and Environment Management （ IWEM ） Project in China

项目单位：全球环境基金、世界银行、中华人民共和国水利部、国家环保总局Organized by ： GEF , World Bank , Ministry of Water Resources, State Environment Protection Administration, P.R.C

GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project

2006 年 10 月中国北京 Beijing ， P.R.C Oct. 2006

韩振中博士 Han zhenzhong Ph. D

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主要内容 Outline

项目背景 Project Background

项目目标 Objectives

项目组成 Project Components

项目投资与实施计划 Implementation Plan and Investment

项目特点 The Characters of the Project

采取的行动 Activities

项目经验 Experiences

GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China

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渤海为中国、韩国、朝鲜提供

了重要的渔业资源。从生态角

度讲，渤海是黄海的一个大型

浅海湾

It provides important fishery resources to China, South Korea and North Korea. From the ecological point of view, Bohai is a large shallow gulf of Yellow Sea.

1 、项目背景 I Project Background


China

D. Korea

R. Korea

Japan

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流入渤海的陆地河流有黄河、海河、滦河、辽河、小清河等 40余条河流，年平均径流量约 792亿立方米。随着环渤海城市、工业、农业、畜牧业等发展，环境污染加剧，随地表径流流入渤海的污染物未得到有效控制，陆地污染源给渤海生态环境带来严重影响，同时，由于水资源供需矛盾突出，流入渤海的淡水总量也日益减少，削弱了渤海生态系统的功能。海河流域是汇入渤海的重要流域之一，流域内包括北京市、天津市、河北省等八个省（直辖市），是中国政治文化中心所在地和经济发达地区，地理位置十分重要。


There are more than 40 rivers flowing into Bohai such as Yellow River, Hai River, Luanhe River and Liaohe River ect. The average annual runoff of these rivers is about 79.2 billion cubic meters. With the development of industry, agriculture and stock raising, land-based sources of pollution bring a serious impact to the ecological environment of Bohai Sea. On the same time, fresh water flowing into the Bohai Sea is decreasing and weakening the Bohai Sea ecosystem functions. Hai basin is an important basin which drain to Bohai Sea and covers Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other five provinces (municipalities). This area is the economical, political and cultural center of China.

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在中国政府有关部门的共同努力和世界银行的支持下，由全球环境基金（ GEF ）和中国政府共同资助开展“海河流域水资源与水环境综合管理项目”，该项目旨在提高流域水资源与水环境的综合管理水平，减轻流域水污染状况，从而改善渤海的水环境质量。

With the efforts of related departments of the Chinese Government and supports of the World Bank, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) grant and Chinese Government financed "Integrated Water and Environment Management in Hai River Basin Project". The project aims at improving water resources and the basin integrated environmental management, reducing water pollution thus improving the Bohai Sea water quality.


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海河流域位于东经 112° －120° ，北纬 35° － 43° 之间，东临渤海，总面积 31.8 万 km2 ，占中国陆地面积的 3.3% 。

Hai River basin is located between longitude 112°- 120°east, and latitude 35°- 43°north. It is on the west of Bohai Sea. The total area is 318,000 km2 accounting for 3.3% of Chinese land area.


流域基本情况 Present Status of the Basin

Hai River Basin Bohai S

ea

Beijing

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海河流域耕地面积 1.6 亿亩，有效灌溉面积 1.1 亿亩。主要粮食作物有小麦、大麦、玉米、高梁、水稻、豆类等，经济作物以棉花、油料、麻类、甜菜、烟叶为主。流域内人口占中国的 10% ，国内生产总值（ GDP ）、耕地面积、粮食产量分别占全国的 12% 、9% 和 10% 。

The total arable land is 10.7 million ha, and effective irrigation area is 7.3million ha. The main crops are wheat, barley, maize, sorghum, rice, beans, and economic crops as cotton, oil-bearing crops, hemps, beet and tobacco. The population in the basin account for 10% of total population of the nation ， the GDP of the region account for 12% of the national GDP ， the farming land of the Basin account for 9.0% of the national farming land area and total production of grain account for 10% in China.


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海河流域多年平均降水量 535mm 。降水时空分布不均，汛期（ 6－ 10 月）降水占全年降水量的 70 － 85% ，最大年降水量是最小值的 2.2 倍。流域人均水资源占有量 300m3 ，耕地亩均水资源量 230m3 ，在中国各大流域中，海河流域的人均、亩均水资源量最低。


The annual average precipitation is 535mm in Haihe basin. In a year, the flood season (June-October) precipitation accounts for 70-85% of annual, and maximum annual precipitation is 2.2 times the minimum. In the basin per capita water consumption is 300m3, Per ha farmland burdens 230 m3 water. So the quantity of water resources per person and farmland in Hai River basin is the lowest compared with the other major river basins in China.

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2004 年全流域废污水排放总量 48.0 亿吨，其中工业和建筑业废污水排放量 30.3

亿吨，占 63.2% ；城镇居民生活污水排放量 10.7 亿吨，占 22.

3% ；第三产业污水排放量 7.0 亿吨，占14.5% 。到 2000 年，污水处理厂年污水处理能力仅为污水量的14% 。


The total sewage discharge of the entire basin is 4.8 billion ton in 2004. The waste water discharged from the industrial and construction was 3.03 billion tons and accounted for 63.2%. The living waste water discharged from urban residents was 1.07 billion tons and accounted for 22.3%. The third industrial discharged 700 million tons and accounted for 14.5%. By 2000, the entire basin sewage treatment capacity was only 14% of the amount of waste water.

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0

100

200

300

400

500

600

废水排放 Sewage Discharge

地表水变化趋势（ 1956 － 1998 ）

Change of surface water(1956-1998)

1990 年赤潮 Red Tide in 1990

湿地萎缩

Decrease of Wet land

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2 、项目目标和任务 II Objectives tasks of Project

GEF 海河项目总体目标：推进海河流域水资源与水环境综合管理（ IWEM ），实现流域水资源合理配置，提高水资源利用效率和效益，修复生态环境，有效缓解水资源供需矛盾，减轻流域陆源对渤海污染，改善海河流域及渤海水环境质量。

Overall objective ： To promote integrated water and environment management of Hai basin, to realize rational configuration of water resources, to increase the utilization efficiency and benefits of water, to rehabilitate ecological system, to effectively solve the issue of water shortage, to reduce pollution to the Bohai Sea and to really improve the environment quality of Hai basin and Bohai Sea.

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促进并建立适合海河流域特点的水资源与水环境综合管理体系；

针对北京市和河北省的重点县（区），天津市及其所有县（区）进行水资源与水环境管理规划示范试点 ;

加强海河流域知识管理（ KM ）开发能力建设，建立海河流域遥感监测 ET 系统中心，并在全流域实施 ET 管理


To establish an integrated water and environment management system which suits to the characteristic of Hai basin.

To decide the mode pilot plans of integrated water resources utilization and pollution control of key regions.

To strengthen the development capability of Knowledge Management (KM) of the Hai Basin, establish a remote sensing monitoring ET system center, to put ET control and management in practice in the basin.

项目任务： Concrete tasks:

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根据综合管理新理念新对策需求，确定重点区域水资源综合利用以及水污染控制模式和示范方案 ;

天津市滨海新区小城镇的市政污水处理厂建设和运营模式探讨 ;

支持国家或流域级、子流域级和省（市）级综合管理政策法规和机构体制建设

According to the demand of new concepts and methods of integrated management, identify projects of water resources managements, water environment control and demonstration plan in key areas.

To build of sewage treatment plants and approaches their operational modes of medium and small sized cities.

To support the establishment of policy framework and system building of integrated water and environment management of the state level.

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降低农田综合 ET 值，将 ET 值控制在水资源允许消耗量之内；

地下水超采量减少至零，达到采补平衡；

入河排污量削减至纳污能力之内，满足河流水质要求，减少入渤海污染物负荷；

地表可利用水资源量（包括引黄、南水北调等跨流域调水量）在满足生活、生产用水的同时，保证生态用水，改变海河与渤海湾生态质量。


Lower the value of farmland comprehensive ET, and control ET under allowing water consumption.

Reduce groundwater overdraft to zero and adapt to achieve a balance between exploiting and recharging.

Reduce the volume of sewage into rivers within pollutant carrying capacity to meet water quality requirements ， Reduce the pollutant load into Bohai sea 。

Available surface water resources (including Yellow River diversion, the south-to-north water transfer project) to meet the life and production, at the same time ensure ecological need and change the ecological quality of the Hai River and Bohai Bay.

综合管理达到的目标 Expected Targets of IWEM

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在 GEF 海河项目实施期内，提出 2020 年流域水资源水环境综合管理战略行动计划（ S

AP ）和若干重点区域的水资源水环境综合管理规划目标，项目结束时，即 2010 年，在项目区能首先至少完成 20

20 年目标的 10%任务量。

In Hai River GEF Project per

iod, it has put forward Strategi

c Action Plan (SAP) of 2020 B

asin Water Resources and En

vironment Integrated Manage

ment and the objectives of so

me key areas. By the end of pr

oject, in 2010, at least 10% of t

he tasks in 2020 will be compl

eted in project areas.

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3 、项目组成 III Components of the Project

水资源与水环境综合管理。这部分内容由战略研究（ 8 项）、综合管理规划和战略行动计划 (16IWEMPs 、 2SAPs) 、示范项目建设（ 4 项）构成。知识管理（ KM ）开发和遥感监测 ET 系统建设及 ET 管理。

Integrated Water and Environment Management. There are three components, including strategic studies(8items), IWEMPs in pilot counties and SAP(16IWEMPs,2SAPs), demonstration subprojects (4items).

Development of knowledge Management (KM) and Remote Sensing Monitoring ET System Building and ET Management,

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天津市滨海新区污水管理，结合天津市世行贷款环境二期项目（ TUEDP ）实施 4 项内容：小城镇废污水处理的财政激励机制及管理的支持、大沽排污河整治技术援助、大沽排污河两岸工业污染源控制行动、天津市滨海新区污水管理研究。项目管理和培训，主要包括各级项目办项目管理支持能力建设、国际咨询专家组技术援助活动、国内外培训考察、项目监测评价以及运行管理等内容。

Tianjin Municipality Coast New District Wastewater Management, Cooperating with the Tianjin Municipality World Bank Loan Environment Project, there are 4 IteⅡms: Tianjin municipality small cities wastewater treatment financial incentives and management support, Dagu pollution drainage treatment technical assistance, Dagu catchment industrial pollution control, Tianjin Municipality Coast Wastewater Management Study.

Project Management and Training, mainly including project management capability building of project management offices at different level, technical assistant of International Expert Group, domestic and oversea training and study tour, project monitoring and evaluation, and project operation management.

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Gen

eral techn

ical framew

ork an

d in

teractionG

eneral tech

nical fram

ework

and

interaction

8 SSLaws, policy and institutions SS1:Comprehensive management, policy and regulation and institutional reform at national levelEcological environment needs

SS2 ： Bohai Sea - Hai Basin interactions SS3 ： Basin Ecological restoration Water Resources Rationalization & Efficient Water Utilization

SS4 ： Basin Water Saving and Efficient Water Use

SS5 ： Sustainable Groundwater exploitation and Management

SS6 ： Wastewater and Polluted Water ReusePollution control

SS7 ： Water Pollution Control and Management, Industrial Structure Adjustment Impact of South-North Water Transfer (SNWT)

SS8 ： BJ water resources Rationalization after SNWT

RS-ET SystemKM

（ IWEM Model ）

Demonstration projects1 ） BJ agriculture real water saving ；2 ） HB water right and well permit ；3 ） Dezou ecology restoration ；4 ） County level water pollution control

TJ coastal wastewater

management

Beijing, Hebei Pilot Counties IWEMPs - Local Demonstration study support

Tianjin City & County IWEMPs

－ Special Study Support

Water Quantity / Groundwater

Water Quality / Rural & Urban Point Pollution

Rural wastewater reuse / Water environment restoration

Zhangweinan Sub-basin SAP/ Demonstration County IWEMPs

Sub-basin demonstration support

Hai Basin IWEM Strategic Action Plan

GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project

Providing data, knowledge & analysis methods

Providing knowledge & analysis tool

Provide information and analysis m

ethods Provide managem

ent Tool

Provide analysis tool

Provide analysis tool Provide information and analysis methods

Provide managem

ent concept and m

easuresProvide approved results

Provide management concept and measures

Provide experiment output

Provide managem

ent plan

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项目计划总投资为 3332万美元，其中 GEF赠款 1700万美元，国内配套资金 1632万美元。拟分为两个阶段实施投资计划。

项目的准备期为 2002年7月－ 2003年 12月，项目执行期为 2004－ 2010年，其中第一阶段为 2004－ 2007年，第二阶段为 2008－ 2010年。


4 、实施计划 IV Implementation Plan

The planed total investment for the project is 33,320,000 USD, of which, the grant of GEF is 17,000, 000 USD and the counterpart funds is 16,320,000 USD. This planed investment is to be decided into two stages.

The preparation period for the project is from July 2002 to December 2003, implementation period is from 2004 to 2010, of which 2004-2007 is the first stage and 2008-2010 is the second stage.

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建立“自上而下”和“自下而上”的合作机制

最大程度地进行横向和纵向的结合


5 、项目特点 V The Characters of the Project

To Establish the Cooperation Mechanism of Top-Down and Bottom-Up

To have Maximum Incorporation of Horizontal and Vertical Integration

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引入遥感监测 ET技术并应用于水资源管理


Introducing Remote Sensing Monitoring ET Technique and Applying to Water Resources Management

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采用知识管理（ K

M ）的科学手段进行水资源与水环境综合管理

Performing IWEM by scientific means of Knowledge Management System (KM)


系统平台（系统硬件、操作系统、网络连接设备等）

支撑平台（数据库管理系统、GI S软件、中间件等）

DWR模型

业务应用

水资源管理水环境管理

基础属性数据库（工程、资源评价、水文水力参数等）

观测数据库（水文、水环境、

ET等）

空间数据库

主题数据库（或DWR专用数据库）

结果数据库（水平衡各要素项等）

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行业部门领导高度关注，部门间合作机制初步建立


6 、采取行动 VI Activities

Leaders of MWR and SEPA paid close attention on the project, cooperation mechanism between sections has been established.

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水利、环保等部门合作共同编制综合管理规划与战略行动计划

建立水资源与水环境综合管理信息共享平台及联合发布机制


Integrated water and environment management plan （ IWEMPs ） and Strategic Action plan (SAP) have being made corporately by water sector, environment sector and the correlative sectors) .

Established shared information platform of integrate water and environment management.

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构建了项目区 IWEM

的监测评价体系，基本完成项目基线调查和 2

002-2005 年不同尺寸精度的遥感监测 ET数据生成


Established IWEM monitor and evaluation (M&E) system in project areas, project baseline survey and remote sensing monitor ET data producing in different dimension precision were primarily accomplished.

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天津市大沽排污河整治和小城镇污水处理厂建设运营模式国际技术援助取得重大进展。天津市开展了大沽河污染整治技术研究，现就河道清淤、淤泥卫生填埋、临时填埋场、污染管理规划开展了大量工作，取得实质性进展。同时，结合 TUEDP 项目选择汉沽区营城污水处理厂进行 DBO 的建设与运营模式研究，也取得重大进展，探索了小城镇污水处理厂建设与运行管理的新路子。


Da Gu canal rehabilitation project and small town waster water treatment building and operation within international TA in Tianjin city have made much headway.

Dredging, sediment Landfill, temporary storage of sediment, pollution management planing is being carried out well in Dagu canal rehabilitation project. At the same time, Hangu Yingcheng waster water treatment plant within DBO management & operation model is being carried out in Hangu waster water management project. It provides a new management idea in small town waste water treatment plant building and operation.

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开展社区驱动发展（ CDD ）试点，推进节水型社会建设


Developing Community Driven Development (CDD) and pushing forward the building of water saving society

ET(plantation)

ET

（ integration） wheat corn cotton wheat corn cotton

2003 680mm 585mm 1.3kg/m3 1.5kg/m3 0.12kg/m3 400kg/mu 420kg/mu 160kg/mu

2005 608mm 547mm 1.6kg.m3 1.9kg/m3 0.16kg/m3 480kg/mu 510kg/mu 230kg/mu

contrast 72mm- 38mm- 0.3kg/m3+ 0.4kg/m3+ 0.04kg/m3+ 80kg/mu 90kg/mu 70kg/mu

ET (consumption) water productivity yield

year

Primary outcomes in water saving and yield increasing (Shou Shansi township, Guantao county, Hebei Provinc

e)

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广泛开展技术培训与研讨，推动技术交流与合作


Technical trainings were carried out to promote the technical communion and cooperation.

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7 、项目经验 VII Experiences

1.政府主导，利益相关者参与；

2.水量水质综合管理，陆地与海洋统筹规划；

3.密切部门间信息共享与交流

达到预期目标应该： For reaching targets it should be:

1. Leading by government and stakeholders participating,

2. Integrated water quantity and quality management, Basin management and Sea management plan as a whole,

3. Closely exchange and share of information between correlative sectors

31Thanks ！

HAI Basin

gef hai basin integrated water resources and environment management （iwem） project in china

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