greeting and names

你好！ Nĭ hǎo Hello

您好！ Nín hǎo How do you do? (honorific form)

words revision from lesson 1

你 nǐ您 nín我 wǒ好 hǎo 很 hěn

不 bú ， bù谢 xiè客气 kè qi 再见 zài jiàn 吗 ma

不客气 bù kè qì (bu: 4th 2nd; qi) 不用谢 bù yòng xiè (bu: 4th 2nd ;用 :need)

再见 zài jiàn 再会 zài huì (traditional; formal occasions)

revision-phrases

nǐ hǎo 你好 ! Hello! nín hǎo 您好！ How do you do! nǐmen hǎo 你们好 ! Hello to all nǐ hǎo ma? 你好吗？ How are you? wǒ hěn hǎo 我很好。 I am very well. xiè xie 谢谢 ! Thank you! bú xiè 不谢。 You are welcome/Not at all. zài jiàn 再见 ! Goodbye!

revision-Names

nǐ jiào shén me ? What’s your name? 你 叫 什 么 ？

wǒ jiào*** . My name is ***.

我 叫 *** 。

revision-greetings 不客气。 Not at all. Bú kè qi 回头见 see you later huí tóu jiàn 晚上见 see you in the evening wăn shang

jiàn 明天见 see you tomorrow míng tiān jiàn

老师 teacher lăo shī忙 busy máng 不忙 not busy bù máng 忙不忙 are you busy? máng bù máng

An interesting greeting expression 吃了吗？ chī le ma 吃： verb, “to eat” 了： particle expressing perfect tense 吗： interrogative particle, as in 你好吗 Food culture, eg saying: 民以食为天 mín yǐ shí wéi tiān people regard food be heaven/God “food is the first necessity of people”

More greetings! zǎo shang

早上好！ good morning!

zhōng wǔ

中午好！ good noon

xià wǔ

下午好！ good afternoon!

wǎn shang

晚上好！ goodevening!

wǎn ān

晚安！ Good night!

new words 生 词他 tā她 tā姓 xìng叫 jiào对 duì小 xiǎo 名字 míngzi也 yě 什么 shénme呢 ne

Ask each other’s name Question word 什么 shénme what

A: Nĭ jiào shénme míngzi? 你叫什么名字？

B: Wǒ jiào__. 我叫 __.

Nĭ ne 你呢 ?

what about you?

Ask each other’s name Tā he/she him/her

A: Tā jiào shénme? 他 / 她叫什么？ What’s his/her name?

B: Tā jiào 他 / 她叫 __. He/she’s called__. his/her name is __.

Tā xìng shénme?Tā xìng ___.

Cultural-Chinese names中国人（ zhōng guó rén ）的名字： 姓 family name+名 given name

成 龙 (Chéng lóng) Jackie Chan

李 小龙 (Lǐ Xiǎolóng) Bruce Lee

张 艺谋 (Zhāng Yìmóu)

巩 俐 (Gǒng Lì)

章 子怡 (Zhāng Zǐyí)

姚 明 (Yáo Míng)

Tā-his or her names

Tā jiào Kǎitè ma? Duì, Tā jiào Kǎitè.

Tā-his or her names

Tā jiào Bèikèhànmŭ ma?

Tā ne? Hālĭ bōtè

谢谢！再见！

session 2 of 3

Introduction of Chinese Pinyin and tones

Chinese as a language-Mandarin

Spoken in People's Republic of China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia

Region Most of northern and southwestern China, Taiwan and Singapore (and other

overseas Chinese communities)

Total speakers 885 million (first language speakers) [1]

Total Speakers: 1,365,053,177[1]

Ranking 1 (native speakers)

Chinese Language

—Mandarin/ Putonghua the official Chinese language

—Dialects Cantonese, Beijing speech, Shanghai speech,

etc.

many different dialects

Chinese writing and pronunciation

“Pinyin”

nǐ hǎo↗

你 好↘ “Chinese characters”

Pīnyīn 拼音 1.a romanised alphabetical system to indicate the

pronunciation of Chinese characters.

2.used to spell Chinese names in foreign publications.

3.used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into computers.

ie. 你好 (hello)—nǐhǎo

Chinese and Pinyin Pinyin The phonetic system used to indicate the

pronunciations and tones of Chinese characters

A Chinese character has one Pinyin consisting of 3 parts: an initial a final a tone

Six simple finals

ɑ o e i u ü as in German ü

Initials

b, p, m: formed through obstruction of air by upper and lower lips

f: obstruction of air by upper teeth and lower lip

d、 t、 n、 l

d, t, n, l: tip of tongue touching the gum of the upper teeth

g 、 k 、 h

g, k, h: back of tongue raised slightly and touching soft palate

Distinguish between j, q

j is similar to j as in jeep q is similar to ch as in cheese

your tongue should be below your bottom front teeth when pronouncing them.

For example jī (chicken), qī (seven), jiějie (elder sister)

Remember to smile when you pronounce j and q!

z、 c、 s

z、 c、 s: tip of tongue touching the back of the upper teeth

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U72hN_g9pss&feature=related

c: similar to ts as in cats, but it is strongly aspirated. (Have a bigger smile than z!)

z: similar to ds as in birds

Tones 音调 Four tones 1st － high flat level

2nd ／ rise, from medium to high

3rd low medium→fall to ∨the bottom→rise to high

4th high to bottom,fall ﹨sharply

neutral tone (don’t have tone mark)

low flat with no stress

qī 七 - seven

qí 骑 - ride

qǐ 起 - rise

qì 气 - air

qi

Four tones and Neutral tone

Four Tones

mā má mǎ mà

yī yí yǐ yì

Tongue twister sì shì sì shí shì shí

四是四，十是十， shí sì shì shí sì sì shí shì sì shí

十四是十四，四十是四十， shí sì bú shì sì shí sì shí bú shì shí sì

十四不是四十 , 四十不是十四。

sì vs shì ; shí vs shì ; sì vs shí

Glossary:是 (shì): to be am/is/are (copula)

Pinyin practice – Countries

Matching Task

Yuēkè Scotland Yīnggélán England Sūgélán Italy Jiānádà York Yìdàlì Canada Fǎguó France

Neutral Tones

Māma XièxieJiějie Xiānsheng

Tone marks on which letter?

on the main vowel if more than one vowel:

a→o→e: guāi, cuò, qiě if none of the above, then on ‘i’ in ‘ui’,

and on ‘u’ in ‘iu’, whichever comes last

Spelling rule – ǖ

Initials j, q, x with ǖ drop the umlaut: ju, qu, xu

No initials before ǖ add a y and drop the umlaut (the two dots):

yu, yuan, yue, yun

Tones practice

Tone mark on which letter? 1. ba 2. Wang 3. tou 4. gui 5. xiang 6. shi

Pīn yīn 拼音 Chinese phonetics Initials b p m f d t n l g k h j q x z c s zh ch sh r

Single finals a ā á ǎ à o ō ó ǒ ò e ē é ě è i ī í ǐ ì u ū ú ǔ ù ü ǖ ǘ ǚ ǜ

Pīn yīn -Compound finals

i u ü

a ia ua

o uo

e ie üe

ai uai

ei uei(ui)

ao iao

ou iou(iu)

i u ü

an ian uan üan

en in uen(un)

ün

ang iang uang

eng ing ueng

ong iong

er

culture-Chinese Greetings

作揖 zuō yī：make a bow with hands folded in front

Traditional way to greet, show respect or express gratitude

Outdated

Chinese Greetings

鞠躬 jū gōng， Bowing /ˈbaʊ/, to lower the head or upper body as a social gesture

In modern China, bowing is normally reserved for occasions such as wedding ceremonies and also as a gesture of respect for the deceased, although it is still sometimes used for more formal greetings, both when meeting and departing.

Chinese Greetings Kowtow, which is borrowed from 叩头 kòu

tóu in Mandarin Chinese, is the act of deep respect shown by kneeling and bowing so low as to have one's head touching the ground.

An alternative Chinese term is 磕头 kē tóu, however the meaning is somewhat altered: kòu has the general meaning of 'knock', whereas kē has the general meaning of "touch upon (a surface)", tóu means head.

The kowtow was traditionally the highest sign of reverence in Chinese culture, but its use has been extremely rare since the collapse of Imperial China.

Typical Thai greeting, which consists of a slight bow, with the palms pressed together in a prayer-like fashion.

In China, not greeting, only when pray to buddha

Useful Links BBC Languages- Chinese:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/chinese