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English - Executive Summary (Submitted for Public Consultation Process as per EIA notification 2006 & Amendments thereof)

Project Proposal

Proposed LNG, LPG import facilities & Handling Facilities with

Captive Jetty & Breakwaters

at

T. Challapalli Village. E. Godavari District,AP

Proposal No: IA/AP/MIS/64642/2017

File No: 10-32/2017-IA-III

Proponent

Hindustan LNG Limited

Consultant

Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Limited (A Bureau Veritas Group Company)

7-2-C14, Industrial Estate, Sanath Nagar, Hyderabad- 500018 NABET/EIA/1619/SA080 dated Jan 11th 2019

BALPL Document No: IND.BH.41.16.0310/HSR

January , 2019

Executive Summary For Proposed LNG & LPG Import Facilities With Captive Jetty and Breakwaters at T.

Challapalli (V), Uppalaguptam Mandal, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh by M/s Hindustan LNG

Ltd.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd. (a Bureau Veritas Group Company) Project Reference : IND.BH.41.16.0310/HSR 2

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

E.1 Introduction

M/s Hindustan LNG Limited (HLNG) a registered company in Hyderabad, India is

desirous of supplying natural gas. HLNG intends to import LNG and LPG import facilities

with Captive Jetty & Breakwaters at T.Challapalli village, Uppalaguptam Mandal, East

Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh.

(a) LNG import & handling facility with Capacity of 11 MMTPA (Phase I - 5.5

MMTPA, Phase II - 5.5 MMTPA) and Floating Storage Unit (FSU), Land based

Storage Tanks (240000 m³ each in 2 stages) to store the LNG and Truck Loading

Terminal (12 Bay) to store and transport the LNG, re-gasify and deliver Natural

Gas to Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL); and

(b) LPG import & handling facility with capacity of 4 MMTPA (Phase I - 2.0 MMTPA,

Phase II - 2.0 MMTPA) with Onshore Storage Tanks and transport facility.

E.1.1 Classification of Project as per EIA Notification

The proposed setting of the LNG & LPG Import and handling facilities with Captive Jetty

& Breakwaters At T. Challapalli Village By Hindustan LNG Limited attracts the provisions

of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006 (as amended thereof) and

Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 2011 (as amended thereof) in view of

construction activities, dredging, widening/deepening of channels, etc. The proposed

project is categorized as under.

6(a) Oil & gas transportation pipeline (crude and refinery / petrochemical products),

passing through national parks /sanctuaries/coral reefs/ecologically sensitive areas

including LNG Terminal.

7(e) Captive Jetty with breakwaters and 4 berths. The project also consists of

Floating Storage Unit (FSU) of 5 Million Tons Per Annum (MTPA).

With all the above components, the proposed integrated project is classified as Category

“A”.

E.1.2 CRZ Status of the Project

As per Coastal Regulation Zone Notification 2011, the proposed project can be classified

as Regulated Permissible activity under clause 4 Sub clause 4 (i) (a). Clearance shall be

given for any such activity within the CRZ only if it requires waterfront and foreshore

facilities.

As per the CRZ demarcation study conducted by Institute of Remote Sensing (IRS),

Anna University, Chennai in line with Coastal Regulation Zone Act 2011, the proposed

project falls in CRZ – 1B, CRZ - III, CRZ - IVA, CRZ – IVB zones.

E.2 Importance and Need of the Proposed Project

The forecasts of total domestic demand for gas (with the exception of the conservative

IEP estimate), when compared with likely domestic supply of 150 MMSCMD, indicate a



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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY


supply shortfall of at least 100 MMSCMD in the short term. Policy makers have pursued

two options for meeting shortfalls in gas LNG imports and transnational pipelines.

Gas consumption in India is driven by five sectors: fertilizer (34% of total gas demand in

fiscal year 2015-16), electric power (23%), refining (11%), city gas distribution, including

transport (11%), and petrochemical (8%) industries. In 2016, after five years of

consecutive declines, gas consumption increased to 55 bcm (Billion Cubic Meter),

boosted by sales to city gas distribution mainly. The country faces a widening gap

between indigenous gas production and demand, which is met by increasing Liquefied

Natural Gas (LNG) imports. LNG imports surged by 34% over 2015 to 25 bcm (Billion

Cubic Meter) in 2016, making India the fourth largest importer in the world.

E.2.2 Advantages of LNG

Regasified Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is having considerable advantage in terms of

environmental benefits when compared to fossil fuel like Methylated spirit, High speed

diesel, and furnace oil etc. There are many advantages of using LNG. Few of them are

listed below:

It makes it possible to use natural gas in areas where natural gas is not available via

the national delivery network or distribution system;

It is an economic source of energy when compared to black products (fuel oil and

diesel) and LPG;

It is suitable for consumer purposes such as process, steam recovery, heating and

cooking in sectors like tourism, steel, paper and ceramic;

It expands 600 times to reach its gaseous state (1 unit of LNG = 600 units of natural

gas) - large amount of natural gas can be stored and transported at low pressure;

Because it is a clean fuel, it contributes to improve product quality and reduces

maintenance costs;

60–90% less smog-producing pollutants and 30–40% less greenhouse gas

emissions; and

Less expensive than gasoline.

E.2.3 Brief Description of the Project

HLNG intends to setup LNG & LPG handling terminal to import and store liquefied LNG

and LPG. Further, HLNG intends to use pipeline and Road Tankers for regular transfer of

regasified LNG and LPG from terminal to various customers/ end users.

The Regasified LNG will be supplied to Konaseema Gas Power Limited of 445 & 820

MW capacity located in Ravulapalem, near Rajahmundry, East Godavari District, Andhra

Pradesh and also to the following gas based power generation plants located in the State

of Andhra Pradesh:

GMR Vemagiri Power Corporation Limited, 388 MW NG/ RLNG Combined Cycle Power Plant

(CCPP), Rajahmundry, A.P.

GVK’s Power Private Limited, 445 MW Jegurupadu Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP),

East Godavari Dist., A.P.

GVK Gauthami Power Limited, (464 MW CCPP), Pedapuram, East Godavari Dist., A.P.

Lanco Kondapalli Power Ltd., Stage-II (368 MW CCPP), Kondapalli, Krishna Dist., A.P.

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is the environmental friendly fuel with a very high efficiency

and most preferred fuel. The latest trends in the advanced countries are that, all the



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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY


transport vehicles are directly having LNG combustion facilities replacing diesel and

petrol. HLNG propose to market LNG to all the bulk Consumers.

The Government of India (GOI) wants to provide LPG connections to the BPL

households to ensure the universal coverage of cooking gas in the country to empower

women and protect their health. As per the statistical survey of the GOI, the consumer

base BPL using the LPG is estimated as about 1.5 Crores. As on date, there is no LPG

facility in the eastern part of India. This facility proposed by HLNG will support the GOI

initiatives of LPG supply to BPL households as well as to others.

E.3 Cost of the Project

Estimated project cost along with analysis in terms of economic viability of the project is

(approx.) Rs.2800 Crores (Rupees Two thousand and Eight hundred Crores only).

E.4 Environmental Setting

The study area map of 10-km radius around the proposed site is given in FigureE1. The

environmental setting of the proposed plant site is as follows:

Captive Jetty will be located in the water front of Bay of Bengal whereas the on-shore

terminal is located at an elevation of 2 to 6 m above Mean Sea Level (MSL);

The geographical co-ordinates of the proposed integrated plant range between 160

27' 57.95" N 820 05' 14.37" E;

Present land use at the proposed on-shore terminal site is D-Patta lands owned by

GoAP;

Amalapuram to Bendamurlanka Road (SH # 294) is at 8-km and Narsapuram -

Pamarru Road (NH # 216) is at 16-KM from the proposed plant boundary;

Kotipalli Railway station located at a distance of 27-km, N;

The nearest airport to the project site is located at Rajahmundry at a distance of

about 60-km, NW;

Vanateyam Godavari river is flowing at a distance of 10.5-km in the West from the

project site;

Nearest city is Kakinada (70-km, NE) and nearest town is Amalapuram (14-km, NW);

No forest blocks, Hills & Valleys, Tourist Places, Archeologically Important Places

exists within 10-km radius;

No ESA, Biosphere Reserves, Protected areas as per wildlife protected act 1972

existing within the 10-km radius of proposed project site;

The project area falls under Seismic Zone-III as per Indian Standards, IS: 1893 (Part-

1) 2002; and

ONGC Refinery (13-km, W), Cairn Energy Ltd’s crude processing facility (3.6-km,

NE) and Ravva/ KG basin (adjacent) are the industries exists in the vicinity

E.5 Resource Requirement

Resources are the means to achieve the project deliverables and its objectives. The

primary resource is obviously people with applicable skills and competencies. The

other main grouping of resources are Land, Power, Raw Material and Water



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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY


E.5.1 Land Requirement and Status

The total land requirement for the proposed LNG terminal is 298.53 Acres. The present

land use of the land is D-Patta Government land and is in the process of allocation to

HLNG by converting it into industrial land use by Govt. of Andhra Pradesh.

E.5.2 Power Requirement

During construction, power will be drawn from State Electricity Board and temporary DG

sets. During operation phase, energy requirement will be 3 MW and shall be met through

captive gas engines using boil off gas.

E.5.3 Water Requirement

It is estimated that the water requirement during the construction stage will be 200 KLD

and approximately 70 KLD during the operation stage of FSU. During operation stage of

the FSU, it is envisaged that about 50 people will be deployed at the terminal. About 70

liters of water is consumed per person per day; as such, only about 3.5 KLD is being

used for domestic consumption. Remaining water will be used for ship supply and

miscellaneous use. LNG regasification and LPG handling do not require any water.

E.5.4 Manpower Requirement

The construction phase of the LNG terminal would generate the employment for nearly

500 managerial, skilled and unskilled workers, and during operation phase, it is

envisaged that 50 people will be deployed at the terminal.

Draft EIA For Proposed LNG & LPG Import Facilities With Captive Jetty and Breakwaters at T. Challapalli (V), Uppalaguptam Mandal, East Godavari

District, Andhra Pradesh by M/s Hindustan LNG Ltd.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY


Figure E-1: Project Location - Topo map 10 km Radius

Draft EIA For Proposed LNG & LPG Import Facilities With Captive Jetty and Breakwaters at T.

Challapalli (V), Uppalaguptam Mandal, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh by M/s

Hindustan LNG Ltd.

Executive Summary


E.6 Waste Management & Handling

Waste management or waste disposal are all the activities and actions required to

manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. This includes amongst other things

collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste together with monitoring and

regulation. It also encompasses the legal and regulatory framework that relates to waste

management encompassing guidance on recycling.

E.6.1 Solid Waste Management

The cargo to be handled at proposed FSU will be LNG and is only handled/transported

through pipelines. As such, cargo operations are not envisaged to generate solid waste.

Use of the facilities at the berth may however lead to small amounts of solid waste

generation. The total solid waste generated is envisaged to be about 2.5 kg/day.

Adequate facilities for collection and conveyance of municipal wastes will be provided.

The solid waste collected from the ships berthing at FSU terminal will be collected

appropriately, transported by small boats to land side regularly, and disposed from the

docks to appropriate locations identified by APPCB.

E.6.2 Wastewater Management

There will be no industrial effluent being generated from this project. Sewage generated

from domestic sources will be treated in Skid mounted STP. In case any open spillage

from tank the same will be treated by oil water separator (OWS).

E.6.3 Hazardous Waste Management

The hazardous waste comprising empty barrels, spent oils / lubricants, pipeline, pigging

wastes etc. shall be managed as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management

and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.

Table ES 1 – Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste

Solid Waste

Type

Source Quantity per Month Mode of Transport &

Disposal

MSW Garbage, rubbish

from unpacking,

discarded materials,

plastic materials

2.5 kg

(0.01 kg/capita/day)

Collected in bins and disposed

in consent with Municipal

Authorities; Strictly no disposal

in sea water.

Hazardous

waste

Used/ spent oils 0.5 Collected, stored and reused

E.7 Baseline Environmental Status

The baseline environmental quality has been assessed through field studies within the

impact zone for various components of the environment, viz. air, noise, water, land and

socio‐economic. Baseline environmental monitoring was carried in Post Monsoon from

October 2017 to December 2017 within 10-km radius area surrounding captive jetty and

on-shore terminal for LNG & LPG import, storage and handling facility area as core zone.



Hindustan LNG Ltd.

Executive Summary


E.7.1 Air Environment

Metrological data was collected by installing weather station and major parameters

recorded like temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed and predominant wind

direction.

Ambient Air Quality monitoring (AAQM) has been estimated at 8 locations during the

study period and AAQM locations were selected based on the local meteorology. The

AAQ within 10-km radius is given in the Table ES 2.The AAQ is in general conforming to

the limits.

Table ES 2 – Air Quality

Sl. No. Parameter Ranges in Post monsoon 2017 Limits as per G.S.R826 (E), dated 16.11.2009

1 PM2.5 µɡ/m3 18.8 – 22.2 60

2 PM10 µɡ/m3 44.0 – 57.5 100

3 SO2 µɡ/m3 7.9 – 14.0 80

4 NOX µɡ/m3 9.0 – 16.0 80

E.7.2 Water Environment

Physico-chemical Parameters of groundwater and surface water are analyzed and

compared with the standards for assessing the baseline status of water environment and

identification of impacts due to proposed developmental activities. In order to assess the

water quality, standard methods (IS Standards10500-2012) were followed for sample

collection, preservation and analysis in the laboratory.

Table ES 3 - Groundwater Quality

Sl. No Parameter Units

Limits as per IS:10500 Ranges in Post Monsoon 2017

Acceptable Limits

Permissible Limits

1 pH - 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 7.37 – 8.13

2 Electrical conductivity

µs/cm - - 1040 – 25200

3 TDS mg/l 500 2000 676 – 16380

4 Chloride mg/l 250 1000 125.0 – 7964.0

5 Fluoride mg/l 1 1.5 0.2 – 0.8

6 Sodium mg/l - - 145.3 – 3284

7 Nitrate mg/l 45 No Relaxation 0.4 – 46.4

Table ES 4 - Surface Water Quality

Sl.No Parameter Units Limits as per IS:10500

Ranges in Post Monsoon 2017 Acceptable Limits

Permissible Limits

1 pH - 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 7.38 – 7.91

2 Electrical conductivity

µs/cm - - 492 – 39420

3 TDS mg/l 500 2000 319.8 – 25623

4 Chloride mg/l 250 1000 48.5 – 11512

5 Fluoride mg/l 1 1.5 0.1 – 0.6

6 Sodium mg/l - - 46 – 5893

7 Nitrate mg/l - - 0.6 – 0.8



Hindustan LNG Ltd.

Executive Summary


E.7.3 Soil Characteristics

Seven soil samples were collected from 30 cm depth using an auger and homogenized

after quartering in line with IS: 2720 and Methods of Soil Analysis, Part-1, 2nd edition,

1986 of (American Society for Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America). The

homogenized samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics. The

available nitrogen in the soil is ranging from 0.73 Kg/Ha – 3.92 Kg/Ha, available

Phosphorous is ranging from 5 kg/Ha – 2909 Kg/ha, available Potassium from 230.3

kg/ha - 1803 kg/ha, organic carbon from 0.13 - 3.14 %, and organic matter from 2 – 5.42

%.

E.7.4 Noise Levels

The noise level monitoring at nine selected locations on 24 hourly basis was conducted

once during the study period. The results are compared with the standards notified by

MoEF&CC in 2000 and found to be well within the standards. The noise levels in the

study area ranging from 39.5 dB to 64.3 dB in daytime and 31.8 dB to 55.8 dB at night

time.

E.7.5 Socio Economic Environment

Socioeconomic survey was carried out to know the infrastructural activities amenities

available within 10 km radius of plant. The information regarding facilities available and

the opinion of the people was sought by floating questionnaires and interaction with the

people so that the impact due to the project wrt social aspects could be evaluated and

actions / measures could be taken up for the benefit of the people (economically and wrt

quality of life) and the project.

E.7.6 Land Use Land Cover

The land use and land cover analysis has been carried out within 10 Km radius around

the project site, using satellite imagery IRS Resources at 2A, Path 103 row, 61 sub scene

B, image dated on 20th January 2017. From the classified image, it could be found that

almost half (54.14%) of the study area is covered by sea, Agricultural land: 24.72 %,

built- up area: 2.39 %, wetlands: 1.02%, wastelands 0.15 % and others 17.67%.

In the landward study area land-use is marked by rural area, intensive agriculture

activities with majority of double cropping paddy fields as well as coconut, banana,

Coastline areas have mix of mangroves, aquaculture ponds and saltpans. The project

area is marked with the presence to major industries i.e. ONGC and Cairn Energy Ltd.

E.8 Impact Assessment

The proposed project will have impact on Ambient Air Quality, Water resources and water

quality, Noise, Ecology, and Socio Economic Environment in surrounding area due to the

generation, handling and disposal of stack emissions, liquid effluents and solid wastes

during construction and operation phase and various related industrial activities.

The impacts and mitigation measures at Construction Phase & Operation Phase is

outlined below. The proposed manufacturing plant may have adverse impact on

surrounding environment in a number of ways in absence of mitigation measures.

Therefore, mitigation measures and environmental management plan have been

suggested for environmental components likely to be affected. The detailed impact



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Executive Summary


assessment at the time of construction and operations and its mitigation measures is

given in Table ES 5.

E.9 Analysis of Alternatives

In regards with alternatives, following are the main constraints/factors that are

considered for any development activity.

The choice or alternatives for any additional operations is always confined within

the Port Water Limits or immediately adjacent to it. This choice is always the best

choice to meet the requirements as well as to reduce cost and improve safety.

All additional facilities such as berths, land reclamation, etc. are considered due

to possible business expansion needs and alternatives models and technological

considerations or technological up gradation including changing environmental

and other legal compliances.

E.9.1 Site Selection

The selected site T.Challapalli in East Godavari District is selected based on the various

factors such as;

Proximity to coastline

Proximity to customers

Bathymetry and water depth

Safety to neighboring areas

Topography

Proximity to shipping routes

Capital Expenditure

Operational Cost

Draft EIA For Proposed LNG & LPG Import Facilities With Captive Jetty and Breakwaters at T. Challapalli (V), Uppalaguptam Mandal, East Godavari District,

Andhra Pradesh by M/s Hindustan LNG Ltd.

Executive Summary


Table ES 5 – Impact Assessment Construction and Operation Phase

Construction Phase Operational Phase

Attribute Anticipated Impacts

Mitigation Measures Proposed Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures Proposed

Land

Transportation of construction material

Existing roads shall be used for the construction material transportation; the port will have an operational inland water transport network, material transportation will also be carried out using the waterways (via barges, etc.).

Discharges from ships on the land

The quantity of sewage generation would be very less. The FSU unit will be fitted with septic tank or equivalent. The ships and barges shall comply with MARPOL convention 73/78. No waste/wastewater shall be discharged directly on land hence; no significant impact on land is envisaged.

Land Acquisition There will be no private land procurement for the project; hence there will be no direct Project Affected Areas (PAPs), Project Affected Families due to this project (PAFs).

Shoreline changes – Erosion/accretion

The shoreline/coastline changes such as erosion/accretion is usually expected due to the development of marine structures such as breakwaters, groynes, jetties, wharfs, etc. The proposed FSU development consists of marine terminal inclusive of berthing and mooring facilities for FSU, LNG carrier, offloading & transfer of LNG from FSU to onshore Re-gas terminal, and pipeline for gas send-out. The transportation transfer of RLNG will be through from the FSU onto the land-based tanks, so the subsea export is not proposed for the project. It is concluded that the project will not interfere with the sediment transport or cause shoreline changes – erosion/accretion.

Changes in land pattern

Since the present project is an offshore and onshore development and located within area under the jurisdiction of Government of Andhra Pradesh, impact is not expected on this account.

Water quality due to cargo LNG operation

The proposed LNG terminal will be received from the offshore and the regasification will be done on the land based through FSU. The Offshore FSU will have bilge water (oily water) management facility. Hence, during normal operations, there are no liquid effluents except the sanitary water (sewage) is envisaged at Offshore FSU

Water

Impacts due to wastewater generation

Vessels involved in construction and other construction equipment are a possible cause of oil spill, garbage discharge, etc. However, mitigation measures have been recommended as part of the Environmental Management Plan to ameliorate even the marginal impacts

Wastewater Discharges The discharges will meet the requirements of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC159 (55)) and General Standards for discharge of Environment Pollutants GSR 422(E); The Environmental (Protection) Rules, 1986.

Impacts on existing water resources

As the facility is proposed in offshore and due to easy availability of seawater, the heating medium for regasification, firefighting and



Executive Summary





fresh water supply on board will be met from seawater. As such, impacts on existing water resources are not anticipated due to development of the proposed FSU based import terminal.

Marine Environment

Littoral Drift/Sediment Transport

The offshore marine structures will be pile supported which will allow transmission and transport of sediment, which in any case is not significant at approximately 15 m depth. Since sediment transport remains unchanged with the introduction of pile supported structures, it is concluded that proposed development of the marine structures will not interfere with the alongshore sediment transport.

Aqueous discharges sufficient reception facilities will be provided to receive the residues and oily mixtures generated from ship operations according to provisions of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973/78 (MARPOL). In addition, reception facilities for garbage, waste oil and bilge water from the ships shall also be provided.

Turbulence – Changes in DO levels

DO levels in bottom sediments, which are usually low, would increase during trenching activity. Changes in DO levels are likely to result in localized and short-term impacts on marine ecology.

Wastewater from sanitary system

The toilet facility will be provided at the berth to the Toilet facility will be provided inside the terminal and not on berth. Toilet facility will be used by the workers on the shift duty. The quantity of sewage generation would be very less.

Removal of Benthic Communities associated with Bottom Sediments:

To mitigate impacts on marine ecology, measures such as selection of trenching equipment, environmental monitoring and regulating activities based on monitoring results will be adopted.

Due to LNG (Cargo) Spills during Handling

Spills are not anticipated to occur during normal operations, as the cargo LNG will be handled by specialized loading arms (Marine Transfer Arms). In the event of accidental spill of LNG during transfer from / to the ships, LNG is automatically evaporated in the atmosphere and leaves insignificant impact on the marine water quality, sediment quality and ecology. LNG spill and gas detection system will be provided.

Changes in seabed profile

A post construction/implementation survey of the sub seabed pipeline is suggested in the Environmental Management Plan to mitigate the impacts. During the survey, stretches that may become unstable due to adverse weather conditions will be stabilized along with restoration of the altered seabed profile if any, which are unlikely. It will be ensured that barges / workboats have

Oil spills during fueling:

In the event of accidental oil spills during fueling of port crafts/service barges and accidental spillage of oil from LNGC or FSU offshore terminal, the marine water quality in the harbor basin will be impacted. To minimize the impacts on marine water quality, the spills will be recovered.



Executive Summary





slop tanks for collection of liquid / solid waste generated on board. Discharge of wastes into sea will be prohibited. Trenching activity will be regulated during rough sea conditions.

Impact due to Cold Seawater Discharge

The temperature of used seawater will be around 5 - 100C below the ambient sea water temperature. The volume and salinity of sea water will remain same as that of the intake water. The environmental impact, both long-term and short-term, of this cold water emission needs to be considered for the area where it is supposed to operate. As such, no major impact is anticipated as the quantity of discharge will be very less

Ships shall conduct ballast water exchange at least 200 nautical miles from the nearest land and in water at least 200 m in depth prior to calling at a port. Ships shall carry out ballast water exchange with an efficiency of at least 95% volumetric exchange. Master and crew of the vessel shall be familiar with the essential shipboard procedures relating to ballast water. Each ship shall have on board a ballast water record book which may be an electronic recording system. Port officers may inspect the ballast water record book and ask for relevant copies of record book.

Air Transportation of construction materials

Movement of material will be mostly during non-peak hours (4:00 PM to 8:00 PM) and regulated during peak hours (6:00 AM to 10:00 AM). Mobile equipment such as intermittently used machines and transport vehicles will be either switched off or throttled down to a minimum.

Power generators Due to the high efficiency and the clean fuel used in a dual fuel engine in gas mode, the exhaust gas emissions when running on gas are extremely low. In the proposed offshore LNG FSU sufficient availability of gas in the form of BoG and from storage ensures that most of the time the generators will be running with Natural Gas as Fuel.



Executive Summary





On-site vehicle speeds will be controlled to reduce excessive dust suspension in air and dispersion by traffic. Construction equipment and transport vehicles will be periodically washed to remove accumulated dirt.

LNG Unloading Operations

Potential sources of emissions of vessels (LNGC) are from the Main Engine (ME) and Auxiliary Engines (AE) and others such as boilers, emergency diesel engines and waste incinerators. (Emissions from others are relatively very small and can be considered negligible) MEs will be used primarily for ship propulsion.

Emergency emissions In emergency situations due to fire/etc., the vapor will be released to the atmosphere through an elevated flare or cold vent system (on topside), including a knock-out drum, for safe disposal. The Flare system will be designed according to international standard. During Normal operation there is no flaring envisaged. It is proposed to install Emergency Diesel Generator Set also. As all these emissions are expected only during emergency situation.

Fugitive Emissions The valve ratings shall be in accordance with ASME standards, and be fire-safe with metallic or soft seals. Insulation suitable for cryogenic service shall be specified for all lines 0°C and below. In addition, insulation may be required for some non-cryogenic services. Fugitive emissions may be controlled by adopting appropriate control and precautionary measures.

Noise Construction Activities

During construction, noise levels will be maintained below threshold levels stipulated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) by selecting appropriate equipment, machinery and using enclosures. Procurement of machinery / construction equipment will be done in accordance with specifications conforming to source noise levels less than 85 dB (A).

Operation Activities Noise attenuation will be practiced for noisy equipment by employing suitable techniques such as acoustic controls, insulation and vibration dampers. The attenuation devices will be properly maintained.

Rotation of personnel will be adopted to minimize the exposure to high noise levels.

Periodic maintenance of the equipment to be used will be carried out. Worn out parts will be replaced and



Executive Summary





All haul roads (for truck transport and other vehicles) within the boundary and outside will be maintained properly to avoid excessive noise levels from Engine acceleration and deceleration.

Noise levels will be monitored at regular intervals during construction phase of the project.

Periodic maintenance of the equipment to be used in the developmental works will be carried out. Worn out parts will be replaced and rotating parts will be lubricated to minimize noise emissions.

Personnel exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits will be provided with personal protective equipment (PPE) like earplugs, muffs, etc. especially construction personnel involved in pile driving operations. Rotation of personnel will also be adopted.

Noise attenuation will be practiced for noisy equipment by employing suitable techniques such as acoustic controls, insulation and vibration dampers. The attenuation devices will be properly maintained throughout the construction period.

rotating parts will be lubricated to minimize noise emissions. Ambient noise levels will be monitored at regular intervals during operation phase of the project. Labelling equipment at a prominent location to indicate the approximate level of noise it generates in operation will also be done. Where the reading is less than 85 dB, then the equipment should be labelled using the green colored label with no specific noise exposure precautions required for usage of less than 8 hours. Where the reading is equal to or greater than 85 dB, then the equipment should be labelled using the red colored label and the operator should wear hearing protectors. In addition, those persons working within 5 m of the equipment should also wear hearing protectors or take other appropriate control measures to protect against noise.

Solid waste & Hazardous waste management

Construction and other waste

Construction waste will be properly segregated and utilized Construction waste which can be re-cycled will be given to Appropriate agency.

General residual waste generated on-site will be collected in waste skips and separated

A local authorized waste recycler will be employed to remove general residual waste from the site, separately from construction waste and hazardous wastes, on regular basis to minimize odor, pest and litter impacts. The burning of refuse at construction sites will be prohibited.



Executive Summary





from construction waste. Hazardous materials such as lubricants, paints, compressed gases, and varnishes etc., will be stored as per the prescribed/approved safety norms. The construction site will be secured by fencing with controlled/limited entry points.

If removal of waste materials at the end of the working day is not possible, the materials should be covered with tarpaulin or similar. Hazardous wastes will be disposed at nearest Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF) through approved APPCB vendors. Hazardous materials will be stored as per prescribed safety norms in locations with restricted entry and with fire-fighting facilities.

Socio cultural impact

R&R Issues The proposed project has no settlements at the project area, and the nearest habitation is located 5 Km away from the FSU location. Hence the proposed activity is not envisaged to bring any significant or additional negative impacts on the activities of other users. The impact on nearby settlements during construction phase will be due to air pollution and noise generating activities. However, the activities are limited to the construction phase and will cease upon completion of the construction. Hence, this impact is considered to be negligible and therefore can be classified as insignificant.

Public Health and Safety The proposed activity consists of handling/storage of LNG and re-gasified gas. Suitable safety/mitigation measures and procedures will be followed by HLNG and developer while carrying out these activities to minimize any potential adverse impacts. HLNG has in place an Oil Spill Response Plan, an integrated fire protection System, and a Disaster Management Plan. All these will help minimize/avoid the probability of occurrence of emergency situations and mitigate the impacts

Draft EIA For Proposed LNG & LPG Import Facilities With Captive Jetty and Breakwaters at T. Challapalli

(V), Uppalaguptam Mandal, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh by M/s Hindustan LNG Ltd.

Executive Summary


E.9.2 Technology Selection

The three sources of thermal energy typically used to warm LNG from a liquid to a gaseous

state are ambient air, natural gas (heat from combustion), and seawater. The basic types of

vaporization systems that utilize these sources of thermal energy include:

Intermediate Fluid Vaporizers

Ambient Air Vaporizers

Open Rack Vaporizers

Shell and Tube vaporizers

Submerged Combustion Vaporizers

The final technology to be adopted for proposed FSU will be selected by the PPP developer

after further analysis.

E.10 Environmental Monitoring Program

Environmental monitoring program is a vital process of any management plan of the

development project. This helps in signaling the potential problems resulting from the

proposed project and will allow for prompt implementation of effective corrective measures.

The environmental monitoring will be required for the construction and operational phases.

The Environmental Monitoring Program has been framed for the proposed Captive jetty, and

for the operations involving on the land based for LNG and LPG. Recognized agencies are

engaged for carrying out the above stated monitoring works. A centralized environmental

monitoring cell has been established for monitoring of important and crucial environmental

parameters which are of immense importance to assess the status of environment during

LNG Terminal operation.

E.11 Additional Studies (RA&DMP)

In additional studies, Risk Analysis followed by DMP from installation of storage tanks for

storage capacity plant has been prepared, which will help in identifying the vulnerable points

and to promote towards preparedness to counter any mishap. For meeting the emergencies

caused by major accidents, planning response strategies are termed as Disaster

Management Plans (DMPs). Risk analysis and disaster management plant have been

prepared and incorporated in EIA Report. Risk Assessment output is provided below.

E.11.1 Risk Assessment

Composition of LNG is 90% Methane, 7% Ethane, 2% Propane and 1% Higher

Hydrocarbons. LNG cannot catch fire unless until there is the right mix of LNG Vapor in the

air. (5-15%) and a source if ignition. As auto ignition temperature is 595oC, it will not catch

fire on its own. The storage tanks used for LNG are Double containment tanks.

The risk due to LPG is 0.1 LEL i.e 1600ppm is reaching the maximum distance of 7-Kms The

occurrence of this is very rare and unlikely. The fatal radiation due to fire accident will be

within the 0.7-km and there is no habitation within 0.7 km.

The LNG and LPG Ships failure probability per annum of ship docked for unloading in the

HLNG Premises will be only for two days in a month. So the frequency of accident will be

very less and unlikely due to the safety measures to be implemented during operation phase.



Executive Summary


Nearby Habitation is Nakka Rameswaram Hamlet at a distance of 1 km from the tank farm.

The connection of the loading arms to the manifold of the ship shall be automated. This will

help in disconnecting the vessel quickly. Hence loading arms with Quick-connect-Disconnect

facility shall be used.

E.12 Project Benefits

The proposed LNG terminal has benefits depending on the market potential and energy

security and also the induced development to the project area. The broad benefits is given

below;

Safe, cost effective and environment friendly as compared to other fuels;

Combustion of re-gasified LNG emits negligible or no Sulphur dioxide, thereby will

lead to clean burning;

Because of its clean burning, it doesn’t leave behind any unpleasant soot, ash, or

odors;

It is reliable as the pipeline system can’t be easily damaged by weather or affected

by weather conditions, in comparison to oil;

In case of minor spillage LNG will evaporate and disperse quickly, leaving no residue

behind and therefore requiring no environmental clean-up;

Reduction in carbon emissions and increases conservation of coal resource can be

achieved.

Promote opportunities for further industrial growth in the region. It will indirectly assist

in the creation more employment to the local population. This in turn will lead to

employment generation and meeting the occupational requirements of the local

population.

The proposed facility will add to the revenue of both the State and Central

Government in the form of various taxes and duties. It will help to spur additional

industrial and commercial growth that would benefit from the availability of Natural

Gas and lower energy prices, as it is comparatively cheaper than alternative

fuels/feedstock's e.g. Naphtha, Furnace Oil, LSHS, Light Diesel Oil, LPG.

Project development will attract investments in the region and thereby contribute to

economic growth.

E.13 Overall Conclusion of the Proposed Project

The proposed Project is Environmentally, Technically and economically feasible with respect

to the following attributes;

LNG plays an important role for the diversification of gas supplies and for the

establishment of a global market; both factors are beneficial for the security of supply;

The LNG market is already very dynamic and is becoming more as the number of market

participants, projects and operations increases. Low transport costs in relation to prices

and spare shipping capacity are much contributing to the globalization of LNG trade;

Since it has been liquefied, LNG does not include H2O, CO2 or incondensable agents.

Therefore, LNG has better energy qualities corresponding to a Gross Calorific Power

(GCV) of approximately 10,000 kcal/m3.



Executive Summary


The comparison of LNG based power plants and that of other fossil fuel (coal and LSHS/

Naphtha) based thermal power plants with respect to fuel efficiency and emissions of

conventional pollutants indicate that the LNG based plants do not generate conventional

pollutants (SPM & SO2) except NOx.

Apart from fulfilling the immediate shortage of natural gas (cleaner fuel) for power

generation, the RLNG supply will also contribute indirectly to food security of the region,

state/ nation by enhancing fertilizer manufacturing capability with a cleaner feedstock.

The proposed project will provide availability of additional quantum of natural gas to meet

industrial, automobile and domestic energy requirements. This will have a direct positive

effect on the development of Andhra Pradesh state income generation base. Natural gas

supply will partially replace fuel-oil based energy production which will also have an

indirect positive impact on the environment by reducing the emission of air pollutants that

result from combustion of oil.

The project proponent will develop plans to upgrade skills amongst the local community

to improve their employability prospects. As a matter of policy, the project proponent will

aim to maximize employment of local personnel meeting the required skill set during

construction and operation phases.

The project proponent is committed to improve the community services like sanitation,

road development, drinking water etc. through development activities that are

channelized under Corporate Social Responsibility.

Concluding Remarks

Thus it can be concluded on a positive note that after the implementation of the

mitigation measures, Environmental Management and Monitoring Plans as enumerated

above the normal operation of Hindustan LNG Limited will have no significant impact

on environment and the project will be benefitted to local people with an economic

growth in state/ country level.

E.14 No Project Scenario

In the absence of proposed project, the existing electricity / power shortage will adversely

impact economic development of the state. The requirement of fuel or feedstock for

power, fertilizer and other industries would likely remain unfulfilled. In case the power

requirement is met through other fossil fuels, viz. coal, diesel etc., this would cause

adverse impacts on the environment as discussed in earlier sections. Compared to a “No

Project Scenario”, this project is expected to deliver significant higher value to the society

in an environmentally sustainable manner with the implementation of proposed EMP and

risk mitigation measures.

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