häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeen development …...häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeen...
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Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
Coal and wood to gas
One of the most important technical developments in history was the discovery of gas production from dry-distillation (carbonising/pyrolysing/heating) of coal and wood.
The technology meant not only a revolution to lightening with gas and heating technology, but it was in the 1860s also the basis for the chemistry of artifical colours produced from tar liquids.
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
Coal and wood to gas
The discovery of combustible gas was furthermore the main driving force for the development of gas-blown combustion engines (called explosion engines at that time (imukaasumoottori)).
Nomenclature like "gas pedal" and "step on the gas" remember to this historical relation.
A car equippedgasifier
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
Coal and wood for fuel engine
Italian Garuffa built a gas generator, in which he used as fuel wood. Initially the engine power was about 12 horse power, but soon they learned to build a large and heavy for hundreds of horse power engines, began to improve relations against the steam machines.
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
Coal and wood to gas
Early 1920s in Finland has been made first tests with wood gas.
France and in the 1930s, including Germany, the state has actively supported the development of wood gas-using cars owned by various tax breaks.
First in Finland
Tamperelaisen Kustaa Mendelinin vm 1923 T-mallin Fordiin sovittaman puukaasuttimen kerrotaan olleen ensimmäinen laatuaan Suomessa.
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
The most significant developer of wood gas generator was Franco- German chemical engineer Georges Imbert (1884-1950).
Schematic view of the Word War II Imbert gasifier
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
In Sweden has been two pioneers:
Axel Svedlund
In 1920 he installed coal gasifier to his car. 1945 had prepared a total of about 35 000 Svedlunds patented coal gasifiers.
Torsten Källe
He designed the 1941 passenger cars, meaning a light carbon gasifier (Kalle-generator (Kallekaasutin)). Peculiar structure, it started much faster than others ready to produce carbon monoxide gas. Kalle-generator was highly successful in Sweden.
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
Typical process of wood gas generator and the brochure of Otso gasifier in Finnish
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
”Manufacturing” of fuel in 1941
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
Eero Kangasojas car 3.6 litre Mobar engine:
• Driven 120 000 km
• Max. speed 120 km/h
• One litre wood chips / 1 km
• Driving costs 1€/100 km
• Fuel storage 200 litre ->200 km
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
Kangasojas CHP-equipment (www.nettitv.centria.fi)
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
Technical properties of EK gasifier :
• Air dry wood ships (or other biomass) moisture 45 %
• All tree species are suitable (pine, spruce, birch, willow, alder, aspen, mountain ash, willow, juniper?, Etc.)
•The gas product is suitable for either direct combustion or use of CHP
• The structure is simple and easy to maintenance
• It is not a fire hazard (the residue sludge)
• During the use of vacuum apparatus -> no danger of carbon monoxide
• The stands will not leak
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
History and future of different fuels
Häkäpöntöstä pyrolyysikaasuttimeenDevelopment of woodgas generator
18.11.2007 Y.Muilu
Main sources: Handbook Biomass Gasification 2005. Puukaasun aika Stuart Köhler 2007.
1. Biomass or coal
2. Primary air
3. Gasifier
4. Dust separator
5. Compressor
6. Second air
7. Combustion chamber
8. Gas
9. flue gas
10. Gas turbine
11. Generator
12. Steam Boiler
13. Main steam
14. Steam turbine
15. Generator
16. District heat ex.
17. District heat
18. District heat water
19. Feed water storage tank
20. Feed water
IGCC Power plant