hsk 4 b standard course - archive 4b... · 2019. 4. 16. · ddwei: nt idi zhongguo cai yi nidn,...

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1 UNIVERSITY PRESS LEAD AUTHOR: Jiang Liping AUTHORS: Zhang Jun, Dong Zheng

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COURSE

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201445/1

7

Contents iSi Lesson | M53 Page | 39V Notes

11 *=»», It’s good to read; read good

books and like reading

2

l.its 2.£*|; 3. jtifr; 4. 4n ; 5. P]Bt

12 Discover the world with

your heart

15

l.#JLi 2.#.&.; 3. *t-f;

4. £*i*]**; 5. to A.

13 Drink tea while watching

Beijing opera

28

1. A*t; 2.«fcs 3. rfj;

4. it-ff; 5. St#

14 «*■*»** Protect our Mother Earth

42

1.^5 2. kX; 3. 8fc&;

4,-f*.,

15 The art of educating children

56

2.*; 3.-f-3V;

4. A; 5.AS

16 £»TOJEIi» Life can be better

72

1. T; 2. 3.*Jj*.s

4. t-.£il; 5. it

17 Humans and nature

86

1. ftl; 2. -T; 3. 46;

4. ^ T..; 5. ■{*}£

18 Science, technology and the

world

100

\.&Z; 2. £T>7; 3.##;

4. SMilJOh 5.1&."I-ft.

19 Taste of life

114

1. Hft ft ft 2. _L;

3. it A; 4. 5. &-f

20 SS±ftJxl5l The view along the way

127

l.V+#+V+#, 2.—.St.; 3. 4. fefc; 5.V+&

wlili&A Vocabulary 141

8

tt—tb Compare | [S]^il] Words with the Same Character | Culture

I PI : Is]*. *P], 491s], P]Bt

-«<WiL»

A Classic Work in Chinese

LmtaXure-Journey to the West

tf-f—*-f ffl : ttffl*. m “a##.#” Confucius’ Individualized

Teaching

—-<!L*f * : T8i*, &*, 4i* Chopsticks in Chinese Culture

-fft— 0*. >1 : i£/L, 3JL, &Jt “*A£—’ -tBA^

“A 4 & »*H”

“The Unity of Heaven and Man"

-Chinese Philosophy about the

Relationship between Humans

and Nature

+7-& hr : hr™, »4r. 4ri

Mencius’ Mother Moved Thrice

»«—to *:/“*. *,&. *451. 4* **#*>*, 1

As Long as You Work Hard

Enough, an Iron Pestle Can Be

Ground Down to a Needle

#—* * : ft», *&. £& tarns*.**# The National Treasure of China-

Giant Panda

■&* — «U6 A : #.*. «,.&* ft.£.. *.& at# 5 mt Weibo and WeChat

ifc£— *. : *>*., ££. £&. a* -£-&_t#+s—ta? A Bite of China-Jiaoz/

& : 'f±&, tfM£. A 4ft- Ethnic Minorities in China

Contuclus Institute HeadquartersIHanbanl

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COURSE

Warm-up

Du shu hao, du hao shu, hao du shu

45,

It’s good to read; read good books and like reading

Match the pictures with the words and describe the pictures with sentences using

the words.

2 Read the following sentences and talk about their characteristics.

© 'MB*, M—

2

Texts *JL: ft *+SI *—■*-, «.«■****&&

*31: ®/v£>£&-ff-&R

«, ft &.t-ZMV)?

ms-. tztfcM

WJLJL, VriMjjtifctt&ltsm*.

Wr^0 3 ft,

Mk, ii#H#i'JflL^*ri*I«-0

*31: ftjUyST! it+3t«ifclMN*tt.

3r£: H'J^-frJt^TH^,

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T, ttftJfc*£&J3L + *«JML&

#**£70

1. *fj

2.

3. as

5. ©©

e.m

^■mgan

ftMftMMftiMftft &- »-2

/hK: JWij|LT, ft*tiie.«WUt*S*"4? /J'ffi: #.£■«$, 4i. **.;$:£. &;*«#*

i*«5**.*7,

/J'S: ^E,?

£i*l

7. iff®

8. 5tE#S

/J'M: it;*£*A.0*£fcft:T

«s iiiZL&7±?tt

PI, % ® «**$*££&£, T4.

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MMT-

ft«,

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i£4*£*■],

9. M&

10. Rft

11. 8£

12. »

13. ®PJ

^*-dLa.N-PI«:To

I

II

hull adj. fluent

lihai adj. awesome, serious

yufd n. grammar

zhunque adj. accurate, precise

cfy£j n. word, expression

lidn prep, even

Dawei name of a person

yuedu v. to read

laideji v. there's still time

(to do sth.)

fuza adj. complicated

zhThao adv. cannot but, to

be forced to

tian kong

v. to fill in a blank

cdi v. to guess

fouze conj. or, otherwise

3

dt^

t® * d

f®®

• ®

cii5

8t

HSK £>£tHI 4 (T)

Standard Course 4 (B)

Km »-3

*#: il

/J'$: «A«;&4S0

i£A3C&'J'-&, *-£ -fr^Jit

*P&**nfc »«$***,

/J'#: i£ !&■**.

!£#l*I#o

**: ■*o*3*HI'fc--3r4$, -f^'H*#,

i£4$, — >M*T« fc3003u 1

*«A-4^4STo

/J'#: AIT, -*-*■£***iJAAft

^.ibN'PMt-W^.

/h*: £# «] i£, ifr T £if ^4o*h,

£«*&&/», A-tL-^ $L

14.*/f ketTng n. living room

15. wulun conj. regardless of,

no matter (what, how,

when, etc.)

16. jfefe zazhi n. magazine

17. £« zhumfng adj. famous, well-

known

18. m ye m. page

19. Ifiin zengjia v. to increase, to add

1 iff h BR >C I t‘\ls In Pinytn

1. Mdke jieshdo zijT xuexT Hdnyu de fangfd

Ddwei: NT Idi Zhongguo cai yi nidn, Hanyu jiu shuo de zheme liuli, zhen IThai!

Mdkd: Xidxie! QfshT wd de yufd bu tdi hdo, hdn dud juzi shuo de dou bu tdi zhunqud.

Ddwei: Ddnshi wd kan ni gen Zhongguo ren jiaoliu mei shenme wenti, nT shi zdnme zuo

dao de?

Make: PTngshi dud jiao y'ixie Zhonggud pengyou, jlngchdng he tamen lido tidnr, tTng

shuo nengli ziran jiu neng dedao hen dd de tigdo. Lingwai. wd jidnyi nT jianchi kan

Zhongwen baozhi, zhdyang ndng xueddo hdn dud xTn ci'yu.

Dawdi: NT tdi IThai le! Lidn Zhongwen bdozhi dou kan de ddng.

Mdkd: Gang kdishT kdnding ydu kunnan, buguo yudao bu renshi de ciyu, nT kdyi chd

cTdian, ranhou xid zai benzi shang, ydu kongr jiu na chulai fuxi yixia, mdnman de

jiu hui fdxian Zhongwen baozhi yd mei name nan le.

2. Xido Xid hd Xidoyu lido kdoshi de qingkudng

Xido Xid: Kdoshi jidshu le, nT dui zljT de chdngjl mdnyi ma?

Xidoyu: Shuo zhen de, wd bu tdi mdnyi. Zhe ci yuddu kdoshi de tT tdi dud le, wd mei zuo

wbn.

4

I

11

Notes “g” , tf-iir),

The preposition “j3§” is often used in the structure “j^..” for emphasis.

The speaker explains another kind of situation by emphasizing an extreme case. The noun

following “2=” can be the subject. For example:

( 1 ) 6 & , 5L,t- 'A ?£#■&?

.s. 4-

r^„

“it” «aj*i: The noun following “■$” can also be a prepositive object. For example:

(3) ftkM'Sl! i£ +

• & - Jl Practice

Complete the sentences.

(1) _, ‘hm-ttKifiT . (it)

(2) _ _ , To (^)

o (it)

j$.MzM.” Sttlo tfciSAii&iSiH

“it” MS3S, RTBJl*±«o

Xido Xid: Lidng ge xidoshi de shijian yinggdi laideji ba?

Xidoyu: Zhe ci zhuyao shl yinwei wd xibn zuole bljido nan. bljiao fiizd de ti. jieguo hudle

tai duo shijian, houmian jidnddn de ti wo sulrdn hui, kdshi shijian laibuji. zuihou

zhlhdo fangqi le.

Xido Xia: Oishl wo kdo de ye bu zenmeyang. V6u jl ge tiankong ti bu hui zuo, y6u jl ge xudnze

ti. shizdi xibng bu chulai gdi xubn nd ge. jiu suibidn cdile yi ge dd’dn, jieguo yi ge

dou mdi cdidui.

Xiooyu: Kdnlai ydo xidng kaohdo, budan ydo renzhen fuxi, hdi ddi zhuyi kdoshi de fangfd,

fouze, hui zuo de ti ye mei shijian zuo le.

3. Xi6o LI gdosu Xido Lin yuddu de hdochu

Xido Lin: NI de keting li zenme ddochu shi shu a? Zhexie shu ni dou xlhuan kdn ma?

Xiao LI: Dangran, wo mei tidn dou ydo kdn shu. Wulun shi putong zdzhi, haishi zhuming

xidoshuo, zhlydo dakdi tdmen, jiu hui fdxidn, shijie shang you name duo you yisi

de shiqing, ydu ndme dud bu yiydng de shenghud.

Xiao Lin: Xiangbuddo ni gongzuo ndme mang, hdi neng mdi tidn jianchi yuedu.

Xiao LI: Ruguo san fenzhong du yi ye shu, ban ge xidoshi jiu keyl du shi ye. Mei tidn hud ban

ge xidoshi Idi du shu, yi ge yud jiu keyl du sanbdi ye, chabuduo jiu shi yi ben shu le.

Xiao Lin: Shi a, yi ge zhenzheng ai kdn shu de ren zong neng zhdo chu shijian Idi yuedu.

Xiao LI: Jianchi yuedu, chule neng zengjia zhlshi wdi, hdi neng bdngzhu wo jidnqlng ydli,

ren yd hui bidnde qlngsong qilai.

5

HSK m 4 m Standard Course 4 (B)

“mr , mm, & Hti. “W

The conjunction means “if not..., then...”. The sentence following it indicates

the result inferred from the previous sentence or offers another choice. For example:

(1) te—#«**ta*&***.**..

(3) **.*&*#, SJH*

• ^ Practice


0)3*_. (£J0)

(2) ■***!&*#, -£-*!£#, _. (£«)

(3) . (£JW)

3

it.WMl." Sffto u%\t" ML ujnfti«i«, mm-.

The conjunction means the result or conclusion won't change under any

circumstances, usually used in the structure “d6it.fP/tfc.”. It can be followed by

coordinate alternatives, or an interrogative pronoun referring to anybody or anything. For

example:

(1) #L4?tL$L,

(2) £*«&£**,

(3) ii&H;*-* £,«*-* 7 & 4i.

• ^ ^ Practice

TcJjJt/h]-? Complete the sentences.

(i)_4k*f.#tik&o (£ifc)

6

(2)

(3)_

_o

, MI&XrGtxailto (fcife)

| tt ~ tt Compare"^ 3ci1>—

ttffi “*P,

til”

*M#o

Similarity: Both can be used as conjunctions, usually together with “$5/tii”, to indicate

that the result or conclusion won’t change under any circumstances. Both can

be followed by an interrogative pronoun referring to anybody or anything or by

coordinate alternatives.

£/T>iW+ £ ***, .

0UtS.it

T£„

: Differences:

l.“W ^fflTPig, “M, g?T rT& “M, M®” „

“£>*&” is often used in spoken Chinese and cannot take formal and classical

words such as “#QjnJ” and “jiS”, while “Xife”, which is often used in written

Chinese, has no such restriction.

JLitM*r,

tfBJtil! “M, ss. o “•^W” can be followed by an affirmative-negative form; when “jfcifc'' is

followed by an affirmative-negative form, “iSJl/IR/if" is usually used between

the affirmative and negative constituents.

p.

• « - « Drills

Tick or cross

(1)_

(2) X V

(3)_

7

HSK 4 (T)

Standard Course 4(B)

(4)4* f=r—&^tMc40

(5) FBit, i£4.2tA;fc.

it, i

Answer the questions based on the texts.

i%Xl: O

©-£-&#*?, ikii.iit-’W&Tr&i '*>\\'An

WX3: ©d'^^/T#^#,*,? d'Mfl-£4?«?

if=>£ F M I _

Texts

,t-£ ii £>i«J

#afcxr£? M4$£;t«£ + -

^#-^£41-tea

;f&—, i£T

T £ 0 & ft , ft T-, fe Z £ ii 45

« £i

#r„ !£#$:#-ft £i&, *m.1ji«

£isl

20. £$ wenzhang

n. essay, article

21.3L zhl

part, connecting the modifier

and the word modified

22. neirong

n. content

23. ran’er

conj. hut, however

24. kanfa

n. viewpoint, opinion

8

5

l

(hdo), (hao)-#,

if (hdo) # ” o §> ff) T

tH, “%

#4f” £

;A, T^T

tl-te-ta-^-L^—«;*pi££.,

^-#4?^#; JUS, “4?i£#” ft*.

**£«£*$3 AT,

*t, '£t&+$M*nK, iHt4M'l

******'**5 Is) tf, £&-&-+

itSJJNU&ifc^flK.!

25. ffllfd xiangtong adj. same

26. im shunxu n. order, sequence

27. biaoshi v. to express, to indicate

28. ^j£ yangcheng v. to develop, to form

29. tongshf conj. at the same time,

meanwhile

30. mm jingcdi adj. wonderful, splendid

+)f H Hi >C lt‘\(s in l lmln

4

Genju diaocha, yuedu nengli hdo de ren, buddn rdngyi zhaoddo gongzuo, erqie

gongzi yd bijiao gao. Zdnme cdi neng yduxiao tigao zijT de yuedu nengli ne? Zuo dushu

bTji jiu shi qizhong yi zhong hao fangfa. Dushu bTji you hen duo zhong, zui jianddn de jiu

shi bo zijl xThuan hudzhe juede youyong de cfyu he juzi ji xialai. Lingwdi, zdi kdnwdn yi

pian wenzhdng hud yi bdn shu zhihdu, hdi kdyi bd ta de zhuyao neirong he zijT de xidngfd

xid xialai. Rdn’er, ni bu neng wanquan xidngxin shuben shang de neirong, ydo you zijT de

kdnfd he pandudn. Jidnchi zuo dushO bTji. dui tigao yuedu nengli you hdn dd bangzhu.

5

“Du shu hdo. du hdo shu, hao du shu". Sulrdn zhe ju hud zhi yongle san ge

xiangtong de Hdnzi. ddnshi bu tong de shunxu que bidoshile bu tdng de yisi. Shouxidn,

"du shu hdo" shuo de shi du shu ydu hdn dud hdochu; qici, mdi ge ren de shijian dou shi

yduxidn de. bu kdneng bd shijie shang mdi yi bdn shu dou duwan, sudyi ydo du hdo de

shu; zuihou, “hdo du shu" jiu shi ydo yangcheng yuedu de xiguan, shi du shu zhenzheng

chengwei zijT de xingqu dihao. Yuedu ydu xuduo hdochu. to neng fengfu ni de zhTshi,

rang ni zhdoddo jidjue wdnti de bdnfd. Tdngshi. td hdi hui fengfu ni de qinggdn, shi ni

de shenghud geng jingcdi. Sudyi, rang yuedu chengwei ni de xigudn ba!

9

HSK fte&m4 (t)


}±Jp| U M

Notes “**

ffl” ^nltrails, t^j^u: The conjunction itff” is used at the beginning of the second half of a sentence to

indicate a turn in meaning, usually used in written Chinese. It can be followed by a comma

to indicate a pause. For example:

(DftSSjUW*, jLifctfafc#.

(3)J5*h 4^45^,

MS &*$***»«*.

• & - & Practice


_. (tW)

(3) tf**A*#**^4Mt**#,_. (&W)

“ISJW” , “X, til. as” #J*n: The conjunction “|i)H't” introduces a further remark, often used together with “X/

lil/iS”. For example:

(1) Is)

B+, (2) *ei&4-Sifc

*; i^jat,

“|WlBt’ , £iel, #flJSPfe* “4.

(w) iw o mu-. The noun “|H]Rt” indicates that two actions take place at the same time, often used in

the structure “^E. ( $J) |B]H4” (when/while...). For example:

(4) WHt, &&jmT tSx4t, iH*T4M+«»ML.

10

I

11

• % - % Practice

7C^î~P Complete the sentences.

(i i

(2)

(3)_ , i£^—yh-^'5]i'fto

I Answer the questions based on the texts.

i%X4: ©

© “jig.WoiP.^g.SLW” , i&6)iZzi’S}! ft-dz?

i%£5: ?

©itit^-3 iMLK&t

. (IW

_. (Htt) | (£.ftrt)

JEi£ Retell the dialogues.

Exercises #*1:

i*i2: /h*«S*l :

5 fcii*« %%"&&.* T 80^, &&&&&

**3: /Jv^ffjig^:

i£i±«J£, &SL3Mt*±Gap£?X—.

2 ^ Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.

m% wps \m it*n

O *Tfltt£«S^ftA^4r&-, “£T£ii” _-tT4„

• #^^î^*Tif#ft, is4!Lft -4UH_TW:>'

© £M^.P,W-*rc£, ^&;£is.37«0

11

dt&

î

• &

d*£di

HSK 4 (T) Standard Course 4(B)

@ — _ ¥j, *-*£)*., £$.

$]***»&' Mte/l.

Jfcflfe R# MW Idlin'

©A:*£, 4M #*&&*._, l$a

-£-&t£703?

B:*H “-&-&” “M” T, -iM&tf.—lM*«*_.

• A:ii*Jt3##1-,

B:Btf0lWfcfrKZL, Kit_it#T, 7 .

©A:W4F-4Nlt, T.

B:ii/M!f* '*■%?

®A:Mi±M#«d'M? fe6$d'-&t§--fiUK., + £.

b:*ps&7, **&&*!»*£ 7

"Po" 5 o

riH [hJ^IbI Words with the Same Character

Expansion H: #|hK 4gHk

(1) 4.*SI*7, T*.*at*.

(2) , *SltfJS***#*y».*-*0

(4) 4MHH^26£, &*«Jr^£ittfS|ltf

• M - « Drills

Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.

I§1^ 2£|S1 ffl[sl (§10^

i^M,

©A:

B:}***, -f-QT^itV)#, _&<^0

12

I

Hr A-Jv A. A o

o ?®']'&^-6*j>l'£—

tt-h “*£” “&&” “M-” *.

isffl Application

l 3KA>§^ Pair Work

sffiT»*wiai«+A«as«ii»a.

Learn about each other’s situations regarding Chinese newspaper reading and complete the

questionnaire below.

1

IR) a

2 4 -h ■{+ 4k t

3 ft**!****

4 it# *t%. $>&#)'¥■*:

5 ihAiift 4k A ^ I7 A $ ->£

6 4 JMMbfrft 4k t ^ f+ 4k ?

2 Tl'ffi/SsJ] Group Work

Different authors have different personalities, and their works vary in features. Who is your

favourite author? Which book of his/hers do you like best? Introduce the author and the

book to your group members. (Use at least four of the following structures.)

a. fiWtfc

b. Mils A -kfzi-fi-

c.

d.

e. if)

f. t

g.

h. ouktezm}

13

• dt®

St

* ®

dtS

®

HSK i&k&m 4 (T)


SuVC CULTURE

*@*#■*#6*— :b»«i

A Classic Work in Chinese Literature -Journey to the West

immoL} mz-, ( 1368-1644 ) *Mo M

/hm^KfB]^i^jM5ii!, iia#igw^, imm »AjfifP8>«=^tl^*H^JRSWSc^o tti

Ml&±,

So W «WiiB» ((AMA'A') .

e.,

Journey to the West, completed in the middle of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), is among the most

famous novels of ancient China. It has been translated into different languages and is widely read in China as

well as in other pans of the world. Based on a folk legend, the novel tells the myths of Monk Tang’s journey

with his three disciples. Monkey King, Pigsy and Sandy, to fetch the Buddhist scriptures. On the way, the four

of them come across a great many difficulties, defeat myriad demons, and finally achieve their goal. The classic

cartoon Fighting against the Heavenly Palace, the TV series and the film based on the novel are still much

loved by the people.

14

Yong xln faxian shljie

Discover the world with your heart

Warm-up Match the pictures with the words and describe the pictures with sentences using

the words.

yezi

O "tT

jidoyu

® *ir shangliang

0 ft*

S'Jftffl&o What are the following things made of? Think about the things you don't use any

more that can be used for other purposes.

15

HSK m;mm 4 m Standard Course 4 (B)

M S7 Bit Sl. 12-1

Texts iSS:

^S3:

* T A*.

IS1: “&%.*>&&A&tf, A

Ate#)” . 2 “*?,&” *» “&&”

jfc&ftiStfc—T

I]

T-l£, -ip

i£IS: & ill &

■ft #, # >t >t kX fft A ^ ;Sl ;4 it &]

fe, tfTT&J .

^gl: if, ^rail

ABf^£R4|, #fLM*UM'W ^ I “] ^5“ hfe- 0

l.Mfe guiding

n. rule, regulation

2.5E SI

adj. rigid, inflexible

3. nltg kexl

adj. pitiful, regretful

4.&W quanbu

n. all, whole

5. tllif- yexu

adv. maybe, perhaps

6. ffift shangliang

v. to discuss, to consult

7. #J§. bingqie

conj. and

Ilf m BIS X Texts in Plnyln

1. Wdng jlngli zu6 shengyi yuddole kunnan

Wang jTngIT: Tlngshuo zhe ci shengyi ni dao xidnzai hdi mei tancheng.

Md jTngIT: An wd yiqidn de jlngyan, zdo ylnggai tancheng le, zhe ci wd yd bu zhTddo nar

chule wenti.

Wdng jTngIT: Ydu ju hud jiao "guiding he jlngyan shi si de, ren shi hub de". Dang "guiding"

he “jlngyan" bu neng jidjue wenti shi, jianyi ni gaibidn yixid ziji de taidu he

xidngfd.

Md jlngli: Hen dud shihou, wd dou xiguan genjii guoqu de jlngyan zuo shi, kexl, jlngyan

bu shi qudnbu dou shi dui de.

Wdng jlngli: Yudao bu neng jidjue de wenti shi. wdmen ylnggai shizhe zduzou yiqidn congldi

mei zduguo de lu, yexu zheyang jiu neng zhdoddo jidjue wenti de fangfd le.

Md jlngli: Hdo, wd zdi gen tongshi shangliang shangliang, xiwdng neng jishi fdxian wenti,

bingqid zhunque de zhdoddo jidjue wenti de fangfd.

16

12

3- 12-2

-k JL-. -is,, i&ZyXJs

ffi & ,t- £ it £ ft * %?

m%W: **Affj»&T,

Ado .*> ;l it T „

* JL: Alt? ! It^AfflJMttt.*^? *fc

J*£i£teit*JK.*#4* &?

7S£«: £&. — fk.&¥jSttiL'&-

#&&, #£,

jfj

1(L, &*$*&*

* JL:

£v£t4M'J„ teiiM-ifcfflWUHMr

&JJL,

£isl

8. it

9. *J ( ^ )

10.

11. ftffl

12.

*

yan n. salt

shao (zi) n. spoon

baohu v. to protect

zuoyong n. function

wufa v. cannot, to be

unable (to do sth.)

wu v. not to have, to be

without

2. Gao Idoshi gdosu nu’dr xl yifu de fangfd

Nu’er: Md, ni’n kdn w6 gang mdi de kuzi, xiwan ylhou ydnse zdnme biande zheme

ndnkdn ne?

Gao Idoshi: Kdnldi shi dido yansd le. nl xT de shfhou zdi shul li jid didnr ydn jiu bu hul

zheydng le.

Nu’er: Fang yan?! Ydn bu shi yonglai zuo fan de ma? Ndnddo ta hai ndng rang yifu bu

dido ydnse?

Gao Idoshi: Ddngran. Yduxie yifu di-yi ci xi de shihou hui dido ydnse, qishf, ydu hdn dud

fdngfd key! jiejue zhege wenti. Zdi shui li jid shdo ydn zdi xi shi zui jidnddn de

fangfd. Yong yanshul Idi xi xin yifu, zheydng chuan de zdi jiu. xi de cishu zdi

dud, yifu yd bu rongyi dido yansd.

Nu’er: Wo di-yi ci tingshuo ydn ydu bdohu yifu ydnse de zuoyong, shenghuo zhong hai

zhen ydu bu shdo kebdn shang wufd xueddo de zhishi.

Gdo Idoshi: Shiji shang, hdn dud wenti de dd’an dou keyi cong shenghuo zhong zhaoddo.

Dan zhe xuydo ni yong ydnjing qu fdxidn, yong xin qu zdngjie.

17

HSK 4(T)


n&M: 4'^a’TZMV]i&V-i%,

#<Lxfc£T.

I«S: 3HIH

n%w ■. a ilium *t * &.#»} r m, ^ jl

&*.*& ffl & IBS 4^^-te.tM

■5r«, a—

■««,

*6/>*+«;«. 7*.

lk--lf-Jl}Jt^‘^.^=ta|5J^'^^-, JSJ

#>&, -tfr^-Ji-dLjWt.^-#^

Aa «f#i.at, «

4§* £*$#.&&#* Rtf**,

4. &il& t*A* *£ * fifci'J ft o

14. #*ifl

16. *tT

17. nt^

18. »W

jie m. section, length

xiangxi adj. detailed

jiSshi v. to explain

duiyu

prep, for, to, with

regard to

jiaoyu v. to educate

3. Gao IdoshT xuexi Wang jidoshdu de jiaoyu fdngfd

Gao IdoshT: Wang jiaoshou, jTntian tingwdn nin de zhd jie ke, w6 zhongyu mfngbai wei

shdnme nin de ke name shou xuesheng huanying le.

Wang jidoshdu: Xidxie! Nin neng xiangxi tdntan dui wo de ke de kdnfa mo?

Gao IdoshT: Wo fdxidn nin dui xuesheng tebie liaojie. erqie zongshi neng yong zui

jiandan de fdngfd bd fuza de wenti jieshi qingchu, rang mei ge xuesheng

dou neng tTngddng, zhe yi didn zhen shi zhide wdmen hdohdor xuexi.

Wang jiaoshou: Ndli noli, zhe zhishi yinwei wd dui mdi ge xuesheng de nengli shuiping

bTjiao liaojie.

Gao IdoshT: Na nin rdnwdi duiyu IdoshT Idi shuo, shdnme shi zui nan zuodao de?

Wang jiaoshou: Shijie shang meiyou wdnqudn xidngtong de yezi. tongyang de, shijie shang

ye meiyou wdnqudn yiydng de ren. SudyT, zdi jiaoyu xuesheng shi, ydo

genju xuesheng de tddidn xuanze bu tdng de fangfa, wd xidng zhe yTnggai

shi zui bu rdngyi zuddao de.

18

I

12 m /to

mm «■ « Notes

atwKa-mwMo »= The conjunction “#J1.” can be used to connect coordinate verbs or adjectives,

indicating several actions or qualities taking place or existing at the same time, or to connect

sentences, indicating a further meaning. For example:

(DMfW, #JLit4M

(2) #iL##J>&£0

(3) i£#^£*£, #iuhml41±,

(4) if, H-X.HLHM, #JL***fc

• & Practice


(1)_

«r«4Unx#fiy&£.£T. (#£)

(2)

_. (#£)

(3)

(#J.)

m #..

“S.til.” eafRlMtftig.

“bpas, w«So ma-. The structure “#.til.” is usually used in a hypothetical sentence indicating

concession. “-S” can be followed by a verb, an adjective or a sentence etc., meaning “even

if, no matter how’’. For example:

(I) #W$>is T.

(3) -ito ZL4Un%\ ft 2. SL, *£

19

HSK m-'Mim. 4 (T)


• % ~ H Practice

5r/j£/oJ~F- Complete the sentences.

(1) *»*.-HsAw*#U*L, . (#- -4- ...)

(2) **+#*.*#$, o (#- —4— •••)

(3) #«***&* 7 *i±* 7, — — —

. (#••• -4- •••)

“*fT” , frm, “*tT.” ra

£±i?THM^o Win-. The preposition “X'tT” introduces the object that a certain attitude or situation is

concerned with. “XdT".” can either precede or follow the subject. For example:

<l) at-filfl-*. Afck&Vjti&xm. (2) #ttaAi£, * i* a,

(3) fl-

• & — % Practice


( i ) , MMiUi-o (Xt4)

(2) , (xdf)

(3) , ii>N»lfc**r.&JL*0 (Xtf)

tt Compare”) XdT—

Differences:

The two prepositions are different in meaning. “XdT1" points out the object, which

is often the patient of an action or the thing a certain situation is concerned with;

“jtT"'” points out the scope, introducing the thing to be talked about.

20

“*tT” can be put either before or after the subject, while can only

precede the subject.

3.“#?.” RTKirtjaftW#53feW«W, M “*tT” Silkfflfto

“jXi^p.” can appear in the title of a book or article, while “XfT'” cannot be

used this way.

•»-» Drills

jJt b'U/iSi Tick or cross

**F **

(l)_T. a/ V

(2) itsM*****.. ££&if_t.H-££-£o X v/

(3)_iirHMrfrfcM

(4) JULAA-fn & ii tmf Jo

(5) BfjL&il&jL##}—X, %.&WM.Vj#rW, t


&-%-&mmifzzr

i%X2: vLmff'’i&tfX'ltfzr>£0

21

HSK fc'Mim 4 (T)


AA^ftftfflft-T, te&.t-Z

— Il 4q

—Â,t-£i£i£, 4M*.T «*£«.£

t **) A •« 3. Z & & , ”f Ji % & £

it, tyftfttfJAft&A,

ftftlfa*., it#ftA5&ft.ft£,

isip

A-&- J.#4a it A, Poîti±^J^^-

itftiHiRi! ft

19. shiyong

v.to use

20. @w yuyan

n. language

21. a:® zhfjie

adj. direct, straight

22. 3135 yTnqT

v. to cause, to lead to

23. wuhui

n. misunderstanding

24. £# ybuhbo

adj. friendly

A, it#<ÂîtA£#££4fc

5

**■£;£ ft

ft" , ft-ftAft, ftlfêt/sj,

Vo? Mi A <, JM*£*fftft*. *i

JL, t,

i-tftêtPI^ft^jSLft^, ft

“ftft^-f" . ft—Aft

JPjAftftft^ftfllft

ft, ft A.#*—£i£.-^1) 6„ 0

A, AflAftA-TrJMijAftftft^

H, ftftJTft—T, **M§*81ft

■fr3Ufc#*0ft>5rft, &#*!&£.

-«

125. m-m?i shi ban gong bei

to achieve twice the

result with half the effort

26. ^ jieyue

v. to economize,

to save

27. AH. liqi

n. physical strength,

effort

28. fflS xiangfan

conj. on the contrary

29. ft# renwu

n. task, mission

30. j£SL yijian

n. opinion, suggestion

si. tm zlxi

adj. careful, meticulous

32. ikjlj dadao

v. to reach, to attain

22

tif uifjJC Texts in l lnrln

4

Renren dou hui shiyong yuyan, danshi zdnme yong yuydn ba hua shuohdo que sh'i yi

men yishu. Kan yi ge ren zdnme shuo hua, wangwbng key! bijiao zhunque de pdnduanchu ta

shi yi ge shdnmeyang de ren. Youde ren xinli zdnme xidng, zui shang jiu zdnme shuo, jishi

shi bieren de quedidn, ta ye hui zhijie shuo chulai, zhdyang de ren suirdn hen chengshi.

danshi keneng hui yinqi bidren de wuhui; ydude ren suirdn yd kanddole bieren de quedidn,

ddn que bu hui zhijie zhi chulai, er shi tbngguo biede fdngfd Idi tixing, rang td rdnshidao

ziji de quedidn, zheyang de ren hui rang ren juede geng yduhdo.

5

Wulun zud shenme shiqing, dou ydo zhuyi fdngfd, xuexi youqi shi zheyang. Shiydng

zhengque de fdngfd, wdmen zuoqi shi Idi neng “shi ban gong bei", ye jiu shi shuo, neng

jieyue shijian, yong jiao shao de liqi, qude geng hao de xiaoguo. Xidngfdn, ruguo fdngfd

bu dui, keneng hud wu bei shenzhi shi bei de shijian dou bu neng wanchdng renwu, jieguo

bidnchengle “shi bei gong ban". Y6u yi didn xuydo tixing ddjid. bieren de fdngfd yexu hen

yduxido, danshi bing bu yiding shihe ziji. Yinci, wdmen yinggdi zai tingqu bieren yijian

de tongshi, zixi kdolu yixia, zdi genju bu tong de qingkuang xudnze bu tong de fdngfd,

zheyang cdi neng dadao zui hdo de xidogud.

I

12

m

ib % m

iM

n

sun Reduplication of Nouns/Measure Words

Notes “aa” wx, m* umn MMEo mu-.

A noun or measure word is often reduplicated in the form of “AA” to mean “each,

every”. The head word modified by a reduplicated measure word can serve as the subject,

the attribute of the subject or the adverbial, but not the object, nor the attribute of the object.

For example:

(1) Jf]i£ttei£il*f4l’£—nZsK0

(2) £->L, iff! —

A,

EUt,

A—

• & — & Practice

TGlit, fa] Complete the sentences.

(1) , (AA)

(2) _. (AA)

(3) _, (AA)

23

HSK 4 (T) Standard Course 4 (B)

, mm, \mw-.

The conjunction “fflfi” is used at the beginning or in the middle of the following

sentence to indicate a contrary or further meaning. For example:

(1) ftJL, &

SLW^:,b, JUnWL&iffrfc . ^

«&7 .

“ffiS" , RTfKilfS, iH

Jgfffjft&ff “W” o Wto:

The adjective “ffiK" indicates the two aspects of something oppose or contradict each

other. It can serve as the predicate or modify a noun. When modifying a noun, it must be

followed by “(ft”. For example:

*H'J»

(4) ft* ft-*16 **']£&, il&M'l-pftjE.iTfitoAtfzrfi

*41.

• Vb — & Practice

i^J”? Complete the sentences.

(1) — _. (#&)

(2) 4a-ifi#1MNf, _„ (#&)

(3) 4MF-A.g.*.-i-*fc®te ft _o (#&)


i%X4: ©ifcxt^i'J T JUfvL&j-A? ifc-g- 5tfc«p—#?

© if!T «*»itAt] m-BL#zrA.Tfc*»ff- £ #£ jfi ?

1**5: ©ifciU&ifctf^ari**. i£* ?

• af-ftfjAtf**, if-&*£*.£■**$?

24

Exercises

Retell the dialogues.

**1:

#LSL*’&1kXiL&A.SLJtl6ti0 .

1%X2: :

i££:£v£to .

i%£3: :

I

12

ffl ito

2 Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.

til# fflffl KM STIff

©JJL&H-t.fc-fttf t7t, FULto&itTTtfL? T,

«*f «-t„

• —*.*$>* H-& —

M ft¥# M

O 431_I5T„ B: —

OA:«JtmtT, 1sfriMMTfcT*44T,

b: *££#:!: #L£U a «$***%, auiffcT.

0A:M, MT’3?

B: , w*4fl4M--fr-£*r±M.

0 A: ^

B:*f, iit

©Ajfcfc#? *4fr**7*&?

B:Xt, 46*1*#***._Titifc^HfeABtiilir^S,

25

HSK 4 (t )


J/'JH Words with the Same Character

Expansion

(i) {&&## N-*»at*r*Afc

1),

iRJiJ—*««.

(3) gjUS-SAfll,

• iffi - jS Drills

Fill in the blanks with the words given.

fRffl-f? ttffl f£ffl

•£, * *&*&*&*«**_.

0A:^^lte..t^7£T? £*»

B: ft£,#]£.£-, T, ft Jail'S?

t&iiMSBKi “JL” , + 4.*faNrft-fr0

32* □■ 2XA/5S& Pair Work

Application 5S/£i8«o

Learn about your partner’s ways of expressing himself/herself and complete the


0 * K=3

1 ; ft-iU/ & £.4Htfc^?

-1? ^ft<k?

1

4 db *U'| K&ik.k . ft4s&-<5k %4M* & ?

| *?

: «.ft?_

26

2

I

m

7h£&/t§z$l Group Work

(MX/tmxT)

Each of you has your own way to solve problems and fulfill tasks during work and study.

Tell your group members about the effort-saving yet fruitful methods you've used. (Use at

least four of the following structures.)

a. jSLitfr&JIk&M

b. )?] -£■ /S-

c. a-&

d.

e. *fc4UM*Jfc*J#r

f.

g.

h.

%VC CULTURE

X-X Confucius’Individualized Teaching

-FIX (^7nfT55l-^TCif479) £ + fettW#£W®

fitters, tM'j’-ttlo ?LflM -XNXSft. -'HWWo aM^^»J|5IT?L?lRl#WI5I*- “inJMFrUJ

minimum, wfftt-T: mi

Confucius (551 B.C.-479 B.C.) was an eminent educator and

thinker of ancient China whose ideas and methods of teaching have

exerted a far-reaching influence on the development of education in

China. “Individualized teaching” is among these ideas and methods. Zilu

and Ranyou were Confucius’s disciples. Once they asked Confucius

the same question: “If I’m given a good piece of advice, should I put it

into effect immediately?” Confucius gave them different answers to this

same question. For Zilu, who frequently demonstrated a lack of careful

consideration, Confucius asked him to consult his father and brother

before doing it; for Ranyou, however, Confucius encouraged him to do it

immediately as he was always hesitant in action. The story tells us that a

teacher should choose different ways of education for different students

according to their characteristics and aptitudes so that each student's

strengths are brought into play and their weaknesses made up for.

27

Sir

Hezhe cha kdn jTngju

Drink tea while watching Beijing opera


the words.

chi jing kdix?n

O "i «_ © ^•- guanzhong

©^_

tfiolun

©■it-it canting

©tt-'T

hulianwdng

Q5J&W\

Do you like watching Beijing opera? What do you think of Beijing opera?

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jTngcai /rlAf.

mm □ im yduqu

tr m MS □ WJr mm

&=mm\ □ weixidn

□ 'f8l!g

xianddi

ratt

28

13

1%$: m >3-7

/J'M:

^ik, 4Ki£U*jfc&t&l

/J'S: ^•ft, 4fc^*.*4.^#]3lF

a,

>&, aMfcaLfldntt-i-*. /J'H: ft ^ ]t% &

/J'S: At, J&8£ &

tfe, J'JJfc&ifcfct'f T60£A

T, fetitrJ2*^.|-£^

1. M@J

2. SKA

3.

4. J?

5.

6. *w

yJ'W: iiL2stLifc4-*k'’JT'$MJ^£.,i:

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/J'S: -&'J'UtM^$*■£*Jfc*$>*

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it&M

jingju

n. Beijing opera

y6nyu6n

n. actor/actress

guanzhong

n. audience

hou

adj. deep, profound

yanchu

v. to perform, to put

on (a show)

ddgai

adv. roughly,

approximately

0§

*

S?

£1

flf ifiJkl>C Texts, in Plnyln

1. Xidoyu hd Xido Xid zdi lido Xido Xid de yeye biaoydn jTngju de qingkudng

Xidoyu: Xido Xid, ni ydye jTngju chdng de zhen zhuanye, hai yiwei ta shi jingju ydnyuan

ne.

Xido Xid: Dui a, ta bdnldi jiu shi jTngju ydnyuan, nidnqmg shi zdi wdmen ndr hdn yduming,

shen shdu gudnzhdngmen de xi'di.

Xidoyu: Ni yeye yiding dui jTngju youzhe hen shenhou de ganqing.

Xido Xid: Shi a, ta bd sui jiu kaishi shdng tdi yanchu, ddo xidnzdi ddgdi chdngle liushf dud

nidn le, ta dui zhe men yishu de xT’ai cdngldi meiydu gdibidnguo.

Xidoyu: Zheme shuo n! xihuan ting jTngju yd shi shoule ni ydye de yingxiang?

Xido Xid: Wd xidoshThou jingchdng qu kdn to de yanchu. Pfngshf ta hai gdi wd jidng hdn

dud jTngju li de lishi gushi, rang wd xudddole hdn dud zhTshi.

29

HSK 4(T)


EM -C-. 13-2_

/Mi:

ftj£ —

i&—

°IJi/L4jo

/J'W:

filtf’4?

#]»*$, ®

0r «*&«:«.£

***£■*£ *$■«*.

/J'M: '#! ifc ft « £ t a A^5 9r

£*]■&*&*■£. 4k&A.fc&

4-}k°JTifiLHJ£ !f- o

P5-®,

^i£-te,^-8'J^—T i]

&*$-!■* + , ftlflT-fMftf**..

7.5fcg laizi

v. to be from

s.m bidn

m. (denoting an action

from beginning to end)

time

9.m ou’er

adv. occasionally, once

in a while

io. chi jTng

v. to be surprised, to

be shocked

n. asm jTchu

n. basis, foundation

i2. mm biaoyan

v. to act, to perform

2. Xidoyu hd Mdke zdi lido jTngju

Xidoyu: Zhen mei xidngdao ni yf ge laizi Mdiguo de waigud liuxuesheng, ndng bd jTngju

chdng de zhdme hdo.

Mdkd: W6 chdngchdng genzhe didnshi xud chdng jTngju. rdnhou yf bidn yi bidn de lianxi,

ou’dr gen Zhdngguo ren yiqi chdngshang jl ju.

Xidoyu: Ndnddo n! cdnglai meiydu jieshouguo jTngju fdngmidn de zhudnmen jiaoyu ma?

Make: Bie chT jTng, yinwei wd yiqian xuexfguo yTnyue, ydu yixie yinyud jTchu, you dui jTngju

zhe zhdng bidoydn yishu feichdng gdn xingqu, sudyT neng bijiao rdngyi de xudhui ta

de changfd.

Xidoyu: NT zhen lihai! Jingran lion hen dud Zhdngguo ren dou tTngbuddng de jTngju ye neng

xuehui. Wd hdishi bijiao xThuan ting liuxing yTnyue.

Mdke: Nd shi nT bu lidojid jTngju de chdngfd. Zdi yTnyue fdngmidn, jTngju gdile wd hdn dud

xTn de xidngfa. Wd hai bd jTngju de yixie tedidn zengjidddole zijT de yinyud zhdng,

ddddole hdn hdo de xidogud.

30

tt-jfe, a # >b a $ # r * t a

*,IBJtfjE.lF3t>£,

&•£■, «rtf4Un&*ifr # &—;A t a ft tf-il-ft ■If v£ ti].

« *: 4MH^ &&#.*?,

— ^r * HI it 4-a# 4. it#* T lift

a, 3—:**■&*&£*£. 4rm**i

8 *: _t * tfl ifr ^ ^ 11

*, it>Av£

fcifiutf]if i'\ fi&<&M „ tt *: *ftf, + i*

£tiH

13. IE# zhengchang adj. normal, regular

14. shenqing v. to apply for

15. youqu adj. interesting, fun

16. ?fri> kaixTn adj. happy, glad

17. mm jixu v. to go on, to

continue

18. |±J y6u prep, by (sb.)

19. itifc taolun v. to discuss, to talk

over

3. LT Idoshi he xiaozhang zai tan gdngzuo

Li Idoshi: Xiaozhang, yinwdi wdigud liuxuesheng bu lidojid Zhonggud wenhud, ydushihou

hui yingxidng tamen he Zhongguo ren zhijian de zhengchang jiaoliu, shenzhl

hdi kdneng yinqi wuhui, dailai mdfan, suoyi women xiang shenqing juban yi ci

Zhongguo chuantong wenhud jie hudddng.

Xiaozhang: Nimen de xiangfa hen hdo, jubdn wdnhud jid hudddng, yi fdngmidn neng rdng

ge gud xudsheng gdng hdo de lidojid Zhonggud, ling yi fdngmidn yd neng wdi

xueshengmen tigong huxiang jiaoliu he xuexi de jihui.

Li Idoshi: Xidxie nin de zhichf!

Xiaozhang: Shdng ci de chunyou huoddng nimen ban de feichang youqu. ddjia dou wdnr de hdn

kaixin, zhe ci hudddng jixu you ni fuze, xidngxin ye yiding hui hdn chenggong.

Li Idoshi: Wdmen huiqu jiu kai hui tdolun. xingqiwu zhiqidn bd xiangxi de jihuashu fagdi nin.

Xidozhdng: Hdo de, zhunbdi guocheng zhong ydu shenme went!, nimen kdyi zhijie lai zhdo

wd.

31

HSK \mm®m 4 (T) Standard Course 4 (B)

Notes

1

“Air , mm, ii], HL*svmm®m, ma-.

The adverb “AM” is used for approximate speculation about an amount, time or a

situation, indicating a big possibility. The adjective “AM” means “not accurate or detailed”.

For example:

(i)4fc8**fhteJi£>*ib, *]«,£*.*•« 760**7, Mi\t\lt

l§1 it.

O) , to-f-.it*7

t « at frisi vML?p{£*if\h

• ^ — & Practice

Complete the dialogues or sentence.

(1) A:‘Jf-$, «,■* £.**&. ? (AM)

B: J.

(2) A: flHSI

B: . (Alt)

(3)

(AM)

tt^tt^Comparej Alfc—tirft

ffl [W] if; Similarities:

AMMWWffil'l, fti+o ★ Both are adverbs indicating a speculation or estimation about a certain situation.

TîiA45M 7—Aî'J£5

W, AM/-tLi+^0 AiÂ-]c°£.0

T' |5|,fn(: Differences:

l.ÂS^m^, “A«” ^«H4tk«aa, #jgw*s«a; us “iiii'r-" m*mm, mm/k

In case ★. “AM” expresses a stronger judgment and a more positive meaning,

while “t!li7” indicates a guess and a smaller possibility.

32

13

A, AM4.2ffl-£ f'if,

2. ^★^^^.©iit, -am” ^w^sfMWttth ‘W sfr

M&o

In case ★, "AM” can signify an estimation of quantity, while “til if” has no

such usage.

AM^f-H. frZ. Jl tf) AAs'tiifM&o

£; “AM” &Wllfcfflft„

In case ★, "tiiif " can indicate that the speaker is not sure about his/her future

plans, while “AM” has no such usage.

Ai±£ i) e,at*rffl &

if kX^ 4H.A- A 7*7 — -& it# o

4. “am” “tiiif” immw&o “AM” can also be used as an adjective or attributive word meaning “not quite

accurate or detailed”, while “-tJlif” cannot be used this way.

•«-» Drills

Tick or cross

AM Mlft

(1) itikmULUL, ^i±70%frt/L±A€-itit-g-€-^-ll e. i£fL sfcJ&itfM*.? v' v/ ff^A^L/L^Btri]AAo

(2) -?■-*■£$, fef)

_| x ,

(3) !>f#, &-£-=M&. 4trP&#fil?

(4) Wl*i£*tifc3M^f,

-TftilfT. ifflLfl-

(5) **&&&*■* *«? _1*]^?

33

HSK mm&m 4 m Standard Course 4 (B)

“flfc" , id is], Wm-. The adverb means something seldom occurs. For example:

(1) t&'\, &J5 — it—*4>fcfc -3 , A—:fe0lj A JLo} e

(2) 4.illî:î£7000^_h^^t , #64%tfA&$■;&»#, 28%iS

fciM*, ^ îkHa^L Ht IS] 4£it« 'J' Bt <Kl * &^59% 0

(3 ) =-*f-f—■A'K ii=ft

*®*tr , m^ta*.,

• & - ]& Practice

Tctflfei-F Complete the sentences.

(1) *7 !«-, . (#140

(2) Bf.t#‘h=, -iH^BtlSJifeift, iS^JS) £

®, — _(flfc)

(3)

**4(LW^*e„_(if?*)

“*" , frm, MiR-. The preposition “ft)” introduces the person in charge of something. For example:

U)4*«#L£, **.**.

(2) “AR"

si.ik.tezl]djifclT] ft IS-, tait-dL—

• & - ?$ Practice

Complete the dialogue or sentences.

( 1 ) A: **-«!%?

B: T , J£& 0 (*)

34

(2) _« ^T—

$—(*)

(3) &>£

___. (A)

I

13 OS

*

BJ

I^^[°]^f5]jl£ Answer the questions based on the texts.

Ml: #*1'*. ***-*■ **-*&!? tM'J•***££#? BiT^^Btl^T?

M2: O S,^'#it^^J“5)?

• #*J&T s>£'#Fj£W&&?

M3: 0 +

o ®-fr?

ilfrHl St.™

«-?-&+a

0 5tT. st^HAM,, ftJflft-f-«tttL

#*&*, #r«, nwtf—«-+«*/r £-?■*$ i*

^;it, a A

^jE-^ftfflft-f-, TO7o *TA£

i*flJi-f-niitfri±i»!i, tt^*.J3L4-

&0kvkV]o *P

±ffl

20. **<J dayue

adv. approximately,

about

21. WT canting

n. restaurant

22. zhTdai

n. paper bag

dai (zi)

n. bag,sack

23. 5«[«] hulianwang

n. Internet

24. mn jinxing

v. to conduct, to carry

out

25. igiH CUOWU

adj. wrong

35

HSK 4 (t)


13-5

4.ts *-?■*$ ntfc,

&*., m

£*$**«$*»*, 'It'lt^-teS

it t'It'It ^T t £*,4t. & + S, «A-*t

**£*£$«. afrdL* fSIA*.*., «

i£4*r

“«” , fctf*iiffi.JMr.&;l*, &

% Jk.—ft Jfl + 8 fltA tfett.

26. Bfltf suizhe prep, along with, as

27.+# shifen adv. very, extremely

28. pubidn adj. universal, common

29. «5# bufen n. part

30. shaowei adv. a little, slightly

3i. n ku adj. bitter

32. %' shdng

n. province

rm Guangdong Sheng Guangdong, a province of China

flfniJRjSC lexts in F'lnyln

4

Kudizi zdi Zhongguo dayue yijlng ydu sanqian duo nian de lishi le. Dui waigud ren Idi

shuo, shlyong kuaizi chT fan bing bu rdngyi, suoyl, guowai de yixie Zhongguo canting zdi

fdng kudizi de zhidcii shang hui tigong shlyong kuaizi de xidngxi shuoming. Buguo, ruguo

nl renwei mdi ge Zhongguo ren dou hui zhengque shlyong kudizi, na jiu cud le. Ydu ren

zdi hulidnwang shang zhuanmen jinxingguo diaocha, jiegud faxian mdi liu ge Zhongguo

ren zhong jiu ydu yi ge shlyong kudizi de fdngfa shi cuowu de. Rugud ni xidng zhengque

shlydng kudizi, na jiu hdohaor lidnxl bo.

5

Chd zdi Zhonggud ydu jlqidn nian de lishi, shi Zhongguo zui chdngjidn de ylnlido.

Zui zdo de shihou, chd zhlshi bdi dangzuo yi zhdng ydo, dr bu shi ylnlido. Hduldi, suizhe

renmen dui chd de renshf de jidshen, manman kaishl bd ta dangzud jid kd de ylnlido. zhd

cai mdnmdn youle Zhongguo de chd wenhud. Zdi Zhongguo, he chd shi yi zhdng shifen

pubidn de shenghud xigudn. Dui hdn dud Zhonggud rdn Idi shuo, he chd yi chengwei

tamen shenghud zhdng bu kd queshdo de yi bufen. Danshi ydude ylnlido suirdn mingzi

jiao "chd”, que bing bu shi zhenzheng de chd. BIru Gudngdong Shdng de ren ai he

de "lidngchd ", td de weidao shdowei youdidnr ku, qishi shi yi zhdng ydng zhongydo

zudchdng de ylnlido.

36

I

Notes “fflft-” , i. rift®,

“M” o $j$n;

The verb “iStT” means to engage in a certain activity or work, etc. It is usually

used before a disyllabic verb denoting a formal, serious behavior. Temporary or everyday

behaviors are usually not used with “iSff”. For example:

(1)

(3) &¥?7T&te-te.^£fobL±*i]V], M4?

± Ait ft £ &, # JL iit »\ A |f 1» fe <n 2fc#.

• ^ ^ Practice

^fSt^tiSsicComplete the dialogues or sentence.

(DA: ^77 A 7 , £?

B:_

( 2 ) A: ® ^ £ # T ?

B: . (aftfl)

(3)_ _ _ __ . #*.&&, A

*T*&i±80%tf A:fra & C. II B|$

*, (3Ht)

5

ummn , ^isi, jssr-atsv

The preposition “13!#" indicates something is the condition under which something else

happens. It is usually followed by a disyllabic verb modified by an adjunct. For example:

(2) 6 St# ■***&*

37

&$a

tn&

iita

HSK m'Ai&W. 4 (T) Standard Course 4 (B)

A-fn*t £ ^iU**$*»>*, i«Mitk$r, at

WZtTfmtf&iUto

• & — Practice


(1) _ ,****«$ A-|-xt&H-h5 0fco (Bit)

(2) , „ ii^-M

Bt«Afn«*4, J5L4t^A«A*4. (Hit)

(3) *MH-«, *>*.***«&. <2^.

, ap**-

««*ft4Wli£-i-T. (ft#)

l°]I§ Answer the questions based on the texts.

ii£4: O

0 £-f +

\%X5: ©

OfUt”^ * *A—tffl* £ # V) ffctf?

*&>]

Exercises 3t5£ Retell the dialogues.

ifcfcl: /J'XlWv

.

i*£2: ^3SWitn:

if ® -f rut.*, «3: tt-fcWiS*k

##')f t a t

38

2 cq"Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.

mtu sr a mm m ^

#*#-.

Oil/A_*A?I £**$*.&.

o^jtstJi, ^b-e^—waa •«#*]. 4fc-irm4-*fc’##*j, && , *it, 9f*JMJL^ift0

*, _. to sail m & mm

©A:

B:£*Bt4**i±«.*tf#, t&JL

©A: *tdH-4ta# T3t?

B: £*£ 7 , #.&&&.&■&■ O

©A: •«:&*? T3t? a_

B:^^-^.i±T, »J&**«F£4l.

• A:#<mr, JUnkfaffZHfeik#.?

m h Expansion

R^iq] Words with the Same Character

M: Ms £ML M

(i)4.iUI-*A7-'MlJi, ^*.**5C«*itT,

39

smm

liK

llts

HSK mm&m4(t) Standard Course 4(B)

(2) te#fc*i:**/£itAifc***f£.Q

jSJ-jfi Drills

j5fcFill in the blanks with the words given.

m ms m

OtH.«WfTt, <2^_T>£,

Att—f-pX.

0TMW$mtm, -#*&, T>-f^ p «.£, ■*»***£&£■*#:£•'£■,

0 A: ilt-fn «>tS&&#7? dT#{f

j±t , *.

Pair Work

Application ra7*»W^TS@Jtt*fe, Learn about each other's opinions on Beijing opera and complete the questionnaire below.

|ql

1

2 ft** -fr/tia £ *.&* #?

3 tT-S') a ft% a 4l

t+-&?

4 4-vA^ 3T-5lr4Ht3L f ft A. t «MC>&]

"57? ^-f+4k?

5 d-^dnn ->gi|“ ?

^ - # ft ?

6 ■•fri—iHt, -6-F+-*Miir

1

40

2 /MI'/SzvJ] Group Work

Beijing opera, chopsticks and tea are all important parts of traditional Chinese culture.

Briefly introduce one of them to your group members. (Use at least four of the following

structures.)

c. — i&—

d.

%VC CULTURE

4* ® 6*1 Alfc Chopsticks in Chinese Culture

+ ^HATF&M

*T\ A^FEAT-^¥Wmj0 fMCTM, it, A. #, irnaMA®, vtmwm*

iE^M, #, MT^SAM+JE, fflAIA mtHMXVc H&o Itiantm\, {St#^«^AAT^^,

IJttsEIItfo

Chopsticks are a kind of eating utensil with distinct ethnic

Chinese. The history of chopsticks used by Chinese dates back to

sticks as they appear to be. a pair of chopsticks can fulfill

plenty of tasks, such as picking, poking, carrying, mixing

and digging. They are easy to use and not expensive at all.

Chopsticks are the major utensils at a Chinese dinner table.

Used in pairs, chopsticks are straight and with

the same length, reflecting the concepts of uprightness,

harmony and solidarity in Chinese culture. Certain etiquette

should be observed when using chopsticks, for instance, let

the elderly or guests use their chopsticks to taste food first,

do not hold chopsticks in the mouth, do not beat bowls or

dishes with them, do not point them at other people or make

gestures with them, do not stick them into a bowl of rice or

noodles, etc.

characteristics created by the ancient Han

over 3,000 years ago. Two simple and thin

e. Otte S.fo sL-}jU*% 3 6m £-

f.

g. -f

h.

Baohu diqiu muqTn

Protect our Mother Earth

i

Warm-up Match the pictures with the words and describe the pictures with sentences using the words.

wendu diqiu iajitdng

O ffi ft_ © && e Isl&M sudu wurdn suliaoddi

©15* ©S4tfc_

Fill out the questionnaire about environmental pollution.

1. if- Jt & 'ft *. & £ #?

ac.attffl*

2. ifikft4L&MfiJ£i9(Tpit) A.7jC;f^ B D.^te:

3. ifciL*^4lv£W ,t- £ #?

a d .at**

4. (h4) "4?

A.&*$*£.

5. *»*.£*.**& *j\

ip^T^'J&&£ , &0t?

A.S,_L^5# B.&Avi^Bt##

c.

A.*.***-*** b. a

C.-tLftisLiA D.A££

E.&fe: _

42

ajtfftg^&£igP5*UL

Texts 3Ef*: ifc £■*■***-LI*, *» Jf 4'J, -fc*&fl AfJ 4a ft"X^C.,

$S: *ffl*itl£,

6^0 #it, «-f-&£#:£*$ 7! £»: JL

'J'^«0&o

$&= ft-, at a*. AWJL.t-’f-io.mi *11, ftmftJF-te&.iai'lM’S,'?

s»: ^^Btl'il^Jl^4#/Ei,fT! ihi£

$m-. tf,

14-1

i. mn chu chai

v. to go on a business trip

2. £rtJ mdojTn

n. towel

3. 5Fft yagao

n. toothpaste

4.4 zhong

adj. heavy, weighty

5. ft Xing

v. to be OK, to be all right

6.® sheng

v. to save, to economize

wurdn

v. to pollute

m 1 fSJSWK&flSifcltt »«

& 3: 'hi, it £W

mA«ITO*49»|L, ■*■*• 8. miHi weishengjian

ft43-T0 9. ffi

n. restroom, bathroom

m&M: sa, 4"it4i;Mc zang

adj. dirty

7, &i£&*J*;sUr43. 10. baoqian

£ v. to be sorry

ii. a kong

if fit, 4,S;Ji.«-fc'Kr^n^#0 12.

adj. empty

hezi s n. box, case

-ft-Z^PP, AW 13. tt reng

■ZfkiiL*rft-?-+JL!ka v. to throw away

m£M: ssst'-, 14. B* yi

prep, via, by means of

sudu JtZAo ttt**W#iB.ik&P 15. H®

imJlWlfrn T0 n. speed

43

M *

38

^5

(0

HSK m'S&m 4 (t) Standard Course 4 (13)

*X'Jr#rW*L*JMi$i—W »h

Bf” 7 HW It-f 4.^2007-*

7f4£^0 —

d'St, ft J'S:^ i'J H o

dUn'is a]-tL^*3 „

A4f7!

i»: ^ftMW^! T

£#■«, -SMSi'/T^W!

»^: W#^4.3&t!LjL#7 ! *M\ *7 •ft & £-# it £ —'K£ ^7 ’fT?

i»= ££ 0 *t4.-fc*Atf]1f

*a?lfeAfl*4-aUSt£«tfl

&M lfi.Jfe# diqiu

n. earth, globe

17. SC£* jiran

conj. since, as, now

that

18. f? ting

v. to stop, to cease

19. nn deyi

adj. complacent,

gloating

20. SW mudi

n. aim, purpose

21.® nuan

adj. warm

|iniSi lexis In Plnrin

1. Li Jin ydo chu chbi, Wang Jing hd Li Jin zai lido tianr

Wang Jing: Zhe shi mingtian ni chu chai ydo dai de mdojin. ydgdo hd ydshud, bd tdmen

fdngdao xidngzi li ba.

Li Jin: Buydng nd zhexie, blngudn dou hui midnfei tigong de. Zdishuo, xidngzi yijtng

gdu zhong de le!

Wang Jing: Wo ddngrdn zhiddo blngudn li ydu. ni bu shi yizhi shuo ydo bdohu hudnjing ma?

Xidnzdi jiu cong shenbidn de xido shi zuoqi ba.

Li Jin: Xing, mdi wenti. W6 mingtian shdngwu shi didn de feiji, ni ndng kdi che bd wo

songddo jichdng ma?

Wang Jing: Ndge shijian lu shang du che dud yanzhdng a! Ni hdishi zuo ditid qu jichdng ba.

Zheyang bujin sheng ydu qian, erqid hdi bu hui wurdn kongqi.

Li Jin: Hdo, nd jiu ting ni de.

2. JIngli hd fuwuyudn zai tdn gongzuo

Jingli: Xido Wang, wdishengjian zdnme name zdng a? Zhe hui gei keren liuxid bu hdo

de yinxiang. kudi qu ddsdo yixid.

Fuwuyudn: Jingli, shizdi bdoqian. Jintian didn li tdi mdng le, wd hdi mdi laideji ddsdo.

Jingli: Nd zhang zhuozi xidmidn hdi ydu yixie kong yinliao pingzi hd zhi hezi.

Fuwuyudn: Hdo de, wd mdshang jiu qu bd tdmen rengdiao.

44

Notes

I

ifl

The verb means being enough in quantity. For example:

(1) SUT ,

°tfaQ

(2)

“»” , I'jiBi, *weas±jSPJT-3£fe*o “®+mmw H, imwsftlia “«" o fciiii:

The adverb “<$” means the degree has reached a certain standard. When “t& + Adj” is

used in an affirmative sentence, the adjective is usually followed by “ftfj”. For example:

(3) XJfl*&&, *tM|5**,**tt*$. 4 it, 48-fCJMMWT!

(4) JL&&££lk0 g)*ifctn*4M

it,

• - 5£ Practice

Complete the dialogues or sentence.

(i) A:— •*«!-=.-frtJfc-t.

B:_, (#)

Jingli: Ylhou ni yiding ddi zhuyi zhege wenti, buguan keren duo duo, shengyi duo

mang, women dou yao bdozheng canting gdnjing wdisheng.

Fuwuyudn: JTngIT nin fang xin, wo yiding yT zui kudi de sudu wdncheng. Buguo zdnmen

zhen de yinggai zai dud zhdopin ji ge fuwuyudn le.

3. Sun Yue he Wang Jing zai liao guanyu huanbdo de shiqing

Sun Yud: Zaoshang ting xinwdn shuo mingtidn ydu yi ge jiao "Diqiu Yi Xiaoshi" de

huddong, ni dui zhege huodong lidojid ma?

Wang Jing: Zhege huddong nidnnidn dou you, zui zoo shi cdng er ling ling qi nidn kaishi

de. Mingtidn wanshang hdn dud rdn dou hui guan deng yi xiaoshi, zhichi zhege

huddong. Ni mei kandao menkdu de tongzhi ma? Women gongsi yd cdnjia.

Sun Yue: Zhen de ma? Tdi hdo le! Jiran mingtidn wdnshang gongsi hui gudn deng ting

didn. name women kending buyong jia ban le.

Wang Jing: Kan n! deyi de ydngzi! Hdi yiwei ni gaoxing shi weile zhichi huanbdo, yudnldi

shi yinwei buyong jid ban a!

Sun Yue: Huanjing bdohu wd dangran yd zhichi le! Dui le, wei shenme hui ydu zhdme yi

ge huodong a?

Wang Jing: Oishi rnudi ting jidnddn de, jiu shi fixing renmen jieyue yong didn, xlwdng yinqi

rdnmen dui qihdu bidn nudn wdnti de guanzhu.

45

HSK Hl!g4 (T) Standard Course 4(B)

(2) _, j£#8A. (#.Ml)

B:W#m,

(3) M£_, 0 (#)

“I2T , ^ “ffl, “1>A.V” „

Win-. The preposition “1'J," means “using, taking, by means of’, usually used in the structure

“1'X.+ V”. For example:

(1) »*£&*.«, £—£«***$*&!£*.

(2) ^-^j'j “ir>r K-fivAr il £- t-s-it ij c. f #£•{£ 5f-0

“IU.%.” ttttftftjg.ft “JE.^.” “iHfc.

ft.” O «:

“LU.%J.” means “to take...as...” or “to regard...as...”. For example:

(3) 'Mt fcMe.

“UT , #iMjft” o -flUS£)5-4HiJ

±Si&3W0Eo

The conjunction “lit” indicates purpose, meaning “used for, in order to”. It is

usually used at the beginning of the latter clause, and the two clauses should share the

same subject. For example:

(4) *»**-!-$*«• 6$ JW£,

ttL,

• & ~ % Practice


(1) _ , OK)

(2) s.is-fiitfc_. (.#.)

(3) _o (BO

46

3 ■ “BE&” , mm,

T” o Jg-^nrw “HL til. 3” £&Wii3R'£K-£ffiffl,

Wlta^MiWSfifeo Wto:

The conjunction is used in the first clause of a complex sentence, meaning “since

this is the fact now". “St”, “fft,” or “i£” etc. is often used in coordination with it in the second

clause, indicating the conclusion drawn from the situation mentioned. For example:

(DA: ft Sti£^r?

(2) a

B: ft&ii#, T .

• Practice

Complete the dialogue or sentences.

(1) A :iii *$*&■*£*.*#. Fa**?,

4fJHL.

B:_(ftft)

(2) T, —

, (?m)


«1: ***»*>«?

i*A3.- 0 ^ Sj £ ? # f\% ft

0 iJ'Bt" it>H£S&tf0«$4.ff-£?

47

HSK (T)


mirvm mu±±_

ft, *r&,

-f^.,

#ft, #iLitls&dt£j*l5T«*ft

ft-*ft*ft, 0tib, ftdtftlf^ft

ffiftttft, ft*# #8* 3

ft, Jtft^sftftfflftttft. Si&iL

&-'PMM'^4,

^fttffttffttflft.*, afr^ft*#

»dc^#Jf)0

5

ftirnui, 4jL*M«t ##*■*„ £p-f-

ji, fttfiXftii*—'

T«, fcHK

ft-#, jbriBtii#ft$iP?fr«,j»,

ii*Mr«1f#JfHi; **4, *#4

i£^#ft4&diAl^i£4i:

*T *.£■*#*;&, $:>'>?*, ftft#

ft, tf&ftftfl #££**£ ft®.

£ml

22. <mm. suliaodai

n. plastic bag

23. ^ yushi

conj. hence, therefore

24. mm gull

v. to encourage

25. }§*£ jujue

v. to refuse, to reject

26. «/l? jianshao

v. to reduce, to decrease

27.«ft shuliang

n. quantity, amount

ftw

28. MS wendu

n. temperature

29.^ chengzuo

v. to take (a vehicle),

to ride (in a vehicle)

30. £ diu

v. to throw, to cast

3i. mm lajTtong

n. dustbin, trash can

32. H® m6ili

adj. beautiful

48

flfftiSjfc Texts In Plnyln

4 Suliaodai gdi renmen de shenghuo daildi fangbidn, shoudao rdnmen de piibian

hudnyfng, keshi. td de daliang shiyong ye dailaile ydnzhdng de huanjing wurdn wentf.

Yushi, y'ixie gudjia guiding, chaoshi. shangchdng bu neng wei guke tigong midnfei sulido

dai, bingqid gull dajia gourndi key! dud ci shiyong de gouwuddi. Women mei ge ren dou

you zeren baohu huanjing, yTncT, qlng dajia jieyue shiydng suliaodai, huozhe gouwu shf zi

bei gouwuddi, shdnzhi jujud shiydng suliaodai. Sulrdn zhe shi yl jian hen xido de shi, ddn

zheydng zud kdy! jidnshdo suliaodai de shiyong shuliang, dui huanjing baohu you hen da

de zudyong.

Bdohu diqiu huanjing, bing bu shi yl jidn II women hdn yuan, hen nan zuoddo de

shiqing. Shiji shang, women zhl xu zhuyi ylxid shenbidn de xido shi jiu kdyl. Liru, xidtidn bd

kongtiao de wendu kai de gao yixie, chu men shf jide guan kongtiao he dianndo, zhdyang

kdyl jieyue yong dian; shdo kdi che, dud qf che huozhe chengzuo ditid he gonggdng qiche,

zheydng neng jidngdi kongqi wurdn; hai you ydngcheng bd IdjI diujin lajltong de xfguan

shenme de. Zhexie shi women mei ge ren dou nenggou zuodao de xido shi, ddn qud ydu

shfshfzdizai de xidogud. Diqiu shi wdmen gongtong de jid, zhlydu dajia gongtong nuli,

jidnshdo wurdn. baohu huanjing, cai neng shi wdmen de jid biande geng meili.

am ™ Tm

Notes “tm” , mm,

mvwt, „ mu-. The conjunction "TJS." is used in the second clause of a complex sentence, indicating

an event happens immediately after the event mentioned previously, usually implying a

successive relation. For example;

(1) 4UM*.*M**., jLtfTT— fykir, -fAA

(2) JL-if-M., ftiTW#i&T

&®Js, i--JUltT

(3) .T*., -f&,

at, ft*** II ***£*«*.*JL

49

HSK 4 (t) Standard Course 4 (B)

• % — Practice

TcfiX'nJ'F' Complete the sentences.

(f£)

(2) «i&***tf*Hfr**fN*.,

(f£)

o) *3-#**•**. «*«$*■»,

fflfc, c (f*)

tt - tt Compare ~j| ^Pte— H lib

ffil3lj&: Similarities:

“a, Tja/HiftB” aw, ^a3I&b0 ★ Both are conjunctions that can be used in the structure “A, T/l/Hitt B”, meaning

A causes B.

; Differences:

“W @»AjfeS^f B^££; M “Silt” 35

IRaMH, BJi*£H0

In case ★, “d1/!” emphasizes that A happens before B. while “Hilt” emphasizes

that A is the reason and B the result.

H*i„

|fc.= *#.£***—A*. «,#4L«.*tfi±i£JL. 0

it, ii^&3T&'ft#.v£o

• fit - jfi Drills

Tick or cross

d"S Hitt

(l) WfeA+^Tttil! + , >/ ■v/

(2) 3 «*.***&£*$. 5C.* X V

50

as HjH:

I

14

Jc#To

(4) #4.1994-^4^, 4fr, . _#Jfea| Jfr ft ^Aifefr »_ | j |

(5) _, if $J i£ T> Ff, i£ % £r 4i n & A Bt & *t *■ tf *J flt Aatfc.

a, flffflfnigo tt:

The particle “if-^tl'l" is used after the example(s) enumerated, meaning there are still

other things that are similar to the example(s) listed. It is usually used in spoken Chinese.

For example:

(1) *£#,*&*tx, SI

(2) A: VULii4r3iUU*X.&)l

B:f,

(3) £f_t, «*», JLiUc

*£**»*#, i£#T«

4, *4*4***£***^**.4, li#H

If Vt %; i£*r3 flTft- £ ¥j0

• $ “ % Practice

TLfjU'fc.)~f Complete the sentences.

(1) air—*_. (fKtt)

(2) fop *fc*» . (fKft)

(3) /dHTflAS*.

_o (frA# )

HU Answer the questions based on the text.

WkX4: ©jMHMrftfctfAt?

51

HSK tmwm 4 cf) Standard Course 4 (B)

$*5: 0

&3J

Exercises

1 Jlidi Retell the dialogues.

1**1: =

4Km^±JL, ***>*«;&*] T*a^J£.„

iii2:

4"JUfcX;k.tfT, JLjLIBMMifc,

1**3: #J3 WlfPt:

^«i “W—-hut” ¥ite&.


mt » #.t # S (zhong)

O^T /dH#^HF-*$4J]7a El” .

*tfr.

©*««.*, ft**!*.*id_*§4p^.4r^/f-*»

, 4L**8| — B**P

©dr* “^^41^5” .

in % n mm »

0A:dr-it—T,

B:fe To #*"■%?

52

T, i£*TD, if

i«

©A: "ft,

B:if, 4.s>Ji.-C®ô

©A: ££ , 4MT.

© A: muto 3L;fi t , #■£■ —Tiiia."C..

B:*f*5, jfrfc&'MJ a«^-0

®A: S,_L«îkT,

B: *&»&*•?■*■*. ****Jt.&JL3t**, R*%&&&.*&$.*■

&i&ii

trm [“l^Vtl Words with the Same Character

Expansion Jf: M, jgj£* &Jt

(1) W

13], 0*j— &*■«., **4#rt4r;M*«**£Si-*x£ff*Q

A4-*., 0 shiftSAtt/ft, #îi-îS.^0

o) tit, £.«*&,£

0t, it«iL&?hte£±T„

• IS - ii$ Drills

T&jglit^ Fill in the blanks with the words given.

mm urn &m

©Ar.hjtt, ^ft-^JL?

0*&o

©AJRA—, *itT«afcfeifci'fiUi*$&;&, i£

T vX4iii A4 A41ISJ ft ft .

53

m^ss^ss

HSK mmm. 4 ct ) Standard Course 4 (B)

Application

l Pair Work

Learn about each other’s opinions on environmental protection and complete the


IR]

1

2 M? £ <k ?

1 3 75r4MMMl Mj *. 7 ^4- £ -it?

4 it j#L vMb ^ jfc ® 4 f+ 4k ?

5

6 4-iH A-&-fc4dt A TO9

2 Group Work

What are the influences that the current environmental problems have on our lives? What do

you think we should do to reduce pollution and protect the environment? Tell your opinion

to your group members. (Use at least four of the following structures.)

a.

b.

c. &£=!

d. —

e.

f.

g.

h. ~A •}'ife

54

CULTURE

AA£-*SAW

“The Unity of Heaven and Man” - Chinese Philosophy about the

Relationship betwen Humans and Nature

“AA-r—”

-” , (lVAM369-^Amf286 )

mtt&tkm&mmj: a, «ah$; a, mxm-, £, «y§sMJ». %&&&, *A^?cfn, mmm mm. tm&iL

“AAii— (the unity of heaven and man)” is a theory in Chinese philosophy about the relationship

between humans and nature, meaning the humankind should unite with the nature and coexist with it

in harmony. The idea was first put forward by Zhuangzi (369 B.C.-286 B.C.). According to the famous

scholar Mr. Ji Xianlin. “A” refers to nature, “A” refers to the humankind, and “H" means to understand

each other and make friends with each other. The ancients told us that we human beings are only part of

the creatures in the universe, and that we are at one with nature. As the economy develops, environmental

protection has begun to draw more and more attention. The annual World Environment Day falls on June

5th. Its establishment is a reflection of the understanding of and attitude towards environmental problems

shared by people all over the world as well as an expression of the humankind’s dream and pursuit of a good

environment.

55

Jiaoyu haizi de yishCt

The art of educating children


the words.

gan shfjian

O* BtfaJ

naozhong

O l#W

hdixiu

© fit

qiao men

©4i n

da zhen

© 4t if

tan gdngqin

• #

What are the children doing in the classroom? If you were their teacher, what

would you do?

56

hr 15-1

_Texts i

1. SMH* tan gangqfn

to play the piano

2.# bang

adj. excellent.

i 8?>: , i&te-f 5L&m amazing

sunzi

m&M: A.4b5iL-#£14f*f0 4.

n. grandson

hanjia

n. winter vacation #,5C^r

5. fuqTn

n. father

^#£1 e^-gAMW#-.

I A§>:

±-*7, **.£#*>-I&3C.*#

*f >1 % 3 „

iit^t^-^t^,^—-Ufa £ tfj 5£# A

***.

iff# DR £ Texts in Piny In

1. Li Idoshi jianyi Wang Jing rang haizi yangcheng hdo xiguan

Wang Jing: Nage yibian tan gangqfn yibian chang ge de nan haizi shi shei? Bidoydn de zhen

bang!

Li Idoshi: Shi w6 sunzi. Qunidn hanjia qidn de xinnian wdnhui ta ye biaoydnguo yi ci.

Wang Jing: W6 xidng qilai le, zhe haizi you congming you kd’di, nimen jidoyu de zhen hdo!

Li laoshi: Shi ta fumu jidoyu de hao. Fumu shi haizi zui zhongyao de Idoshi, ta fumu

bujin jiao td zhishi, erqie hdi hudle hen chang shijidn bangzhu td ydngchengle

feichang hdo de xiguan, xianzdi td mdi tian dou ziji lidnxi tan gdngqin.

Wang Jing: Rang haizi yangcheng yi ge hdo xiguan shizdi tdi zhongyao le, kdnldi wo ddi

xidng td fumu haohaor xuexi.

Li Idoshi: Dui. Rugud xiwang ydu yi ge youxiu de haizi, ni jiu yao xidn chengwei yi wei youxiu

de fuqin huozhd muqin.

57

^HN

tSM

'lWW

SS

HSK 4 (T)


2

4.^4. Anti'S.#-

15-2

£HJ

#/0: #}$LT 0

11 A.

*ii#-?-#Jfc4:*4.;k.* T?

_Lfl5J#“& T -infers, 4l*BtlSiaL 4fe Ji # , 4fe 3L .4- 4 _h J^l #r o 4^ ;£.

4-4*4i.fc

a-tantisi. -f-

6.130# naozhong

n. alarm clock

7. n|S] xiang

v. to sound, to ring

8 .m. Xing

v. to wake up, to

be awake

9.0 gan

v. to rush for,

to hurry

io. fflffi cesu6

n. lavatory, toilet

n. piping

v. to criticize

12.# nong

v. to do. to make

i3. ta guanIT

v. to manage, to

administer

•ft &

2. Wang Jlng jianyi Sun Yue jiaoyu hdizi xuehui anpdi shfjian

Wang Jing: Kan n! lidnse bu tdi hdo. shi bu shi zuowdn mei xiuxi hdo?

Sun Yue: Bietf le. Wo nu'dr zudwdn zuo zudye you zuodao shfyi didn.

Wang Jing: Shui jiao tdi wdn dui hdizi de shenti meiyou hdochu. Zuijin hdizi zuoye shi bu shi

tdi dud le?

Sun Yue: Zhuydo shi ta zuo shiqing bijiao man. biru zaoshang naozhong xidngle to bu xTng,

wo gan shfjian song td shang xud, ta you jfzhe shang cdsud. Mdi tidn ylnwei zhexie

xido shi piping td, ndng de wd lid xinqfng dou bu hdo.

Wang Jing: Hdizi zuo shi man, wangwang shi yinwei tamen bu hui dnpai zijl de shfjian. NT

yinggdi rang hdizi xuehui guanIT shfjian.

Sun Yud: Kanlai haishi wd de jiaoyu fdngfd ydu wentf. Pfngshf kdn td zuo shiqing mdn, zong

xidng ti td zuo, ylhou dei rang td xuehui anpai shfjian. zijT de shiqing zijT zuo.

58

15

15-3

Sh/3: ft-ff&^L'Mit^, fMIlir

4t, «'}'

p&fcfr-kit&-k)U&$jt, —£)l

iLXtetTtf, *;L9fT«J&

KT„

T /A.^,-<L'ii.‘ii,o

JhE: ^St4L-i»-fcA—nt^,

14. mi- d6 zhen

v. to give or have

an injection

15. &± hushi

n. nurse

i6. biaoyang

v. to praise, to

commend

17. TX qianwan

adv. must, to be

sure to

is. Km hudiyi

v. to suspect, to

doubt

^/£^70 i£

’Tlfeit#-f-fr*.& C.^16/1, £#&

•«. I#:

#£: 4iikt) ikti-grZLrt, JnSL&tiK&fr.

**#*, &#*»«.

®*£

3. Wang Jing

Wang J'mg:

Sun Yud:

Wdng Jing:

Sun Yue:

Wang Jing:

Sun Yue:

he Sun Yue tdolun bidoydng hdizi de fangfd

Mingtidn you yao ddi wo erzi qu ylyudn da zhen, xidngxiang wo jiu tou tdng. Td

jiu pd dd zhen, mdi ci dd zhen dou ku de tebie lihci.

Jide wd nu’dr xidoshihou, ddi td qu yiyudn dd zhen, gang kaishi, td hdipd de yao

ku. Wd jiu xidosheng de he hushi shuo wd nu’dr hdn ydnggdn, yidianr ye bu pd

dd zhen, nu’er tingle yihou mdshdng jiu bu ku le.

Yudnldi gull hd bidoydng dui xidohdir ting yduyong de, xia ci wd yd shishi.

Buguo bidoydng yd shi yi mdn yishu, bidoydng qidnwan buyao tdi dud. gud dud

de bidoydng keneng hui gei haizi dailai ydli. BujTn ql bu dao guli de zuoyong, hai

kdndng rang hdizi hudiyi zijl de nengli, bidnde meiydu xinxln.

Nd zdnme bidoydng hdizi cdi hui gdng ydu xiaogud ne?

Wd renwei bidoydng yao jfshf, erqid bidoydng bu jinjln yao kan jieguo, geng ydo

kdn guocheng, zheydng cdi neng guli td de jljixing, rang td bidnde ydnggdn,bu

pd kunnan.

59

HSK mmwm 4 m Standard Course 4(B)

n

Notes , gjifi,

faRT5iJ±o mu-. The verb “i£A" can be used after another verb as a complement of direction or

possibility, indicating an upward movement. For example:

(1) ifcii#, '!*:«£!

(2) KT-t-tcBtfe4MM&*v£*&v£«&.

jg.

When "liSA" is used after the verb "fi!", it means to recall somebody or something in

the past. For example:

(3)

(4) £***.7, ii-8-f-XJBMBJLT*, ****-*■#!

• S - & Practice


(1) _(fe*)

(2) &JWMIT-SS?_(&&*)

(3) .. (fcfe*)

“#” , ^ “fR” WiSS, M TtPfe'fo $J#P:

The verb “Jf” means “to do, to make”. It is often used in spoken Chinese instead of

certain other verbs. For example:

(1) A: *-f*p**rT’-*?

B:ip^ (**) #T,

(2) A:--ft]* (#) >r>T„

(3) * (*Mf) #4M*'--HNPW„

60


7cMc'itJ_P Complete the sentences.

(i) _. (#)

*tX??ik£-LT %’p

**■&&*.,_(#)

(3)_ _ , -i-(#)

, mm, -jg” mis., M:

The adverb “^FTf” means “must” or “to be sure to”, usually followed by a negative

structure. For example:

£“<M*-?■**.& a.

• ^ ^ Practice


(1) . (^)

(2) 4M.*-HNt*T££.i±,_(ftf)

. (ftf)

tt — tt Compare ^TF-$

fflM: W#M9Ji^, “H/U5*. iio ★

Similarity: Both are adverbs indicating giving a requirement or used in exhortation.

it it £ Ml ft HI £ flF *>J A jjt # & It, -f ^ /■- Jfc * * 0 * *. lit St

T.

61

*(N

l34lW

»» Jjj

—

HSK 4 (T)


xfN[s]/‘i : Differences:

fBjt “TO” &&%=?&&>}, #® “»U 1?/TO, W &ffl; “- ST Hfffi “5/*S?, t&W In case , though both can be used in an affirmative or a negative sentence, “J- fi" is usually used in a negative sentence together with “5(1”, “H/d'H”, or “d'fJg”,

while “—aE” is usually used in an affirmative sentence together with “H/AH”

or “fit/d'tits”.

*P*K ife-ari-fM.* 7 £***#, E)

2. *iiatSSBt, “TO” »*, fifW “#M »JA£4tr Will “TO” *NM)r4-M*i*, HA Mxmmm. In case ★ , “d^Tf” conveys a more polite and mild tone, often meaning

“hoping someone to do something”, while “—aE” expresses a stronger, usually

commanding tone, often meaning someone must do something.

(**4\

3. “TO” ftfcg'JTO,

'll', M “£/*#, ®T ; “TO”

The adverb “—/2” is usually used together with “#/Azx” or "fig” in a first-

person sentence, meaning the speaker has made up his/her mind to do something,

while “d^Tf” cannot be used this way.

JL-ftfriL®,

4. “TO” {ftaijm, , «Air WiSo “—jg”

“ATO” *r “rT

hl w SUM; “TO” Aittfflfeo The adverb “—aE" can also be used to mean “surely, undoubtedly”, “^v—aE”,

its negative structure, indicates the situation is unclear and conveys a negative

implication, meaning "not necessarily”, while “d^Tf” cannot be used this way.

62

15

**#*&■#-*2, M —, -ft.*

Aflltit: “ftSrattflT, *ftf*ft±." f Btft 4 *« m $ & ft £ o

5. “-16” ^ “K#g®M. i£3M” MM;

“W

The adjective “—5e” means “certain” or “proper”, while "T’Tf" cannot be used

this way.

6. ^ggiJAfbf, “-£” “T-77”

^jlfcffl&o

“—/e" can be used in a shortened structure or by itself to give somebody a reply,

while “^PTT” cannot be used this way.

A: 3--ten=.-**§ T#ft,

B: — z (#«■) „

• W - K Drills

ytiiijij'i^J Choose the words to fill in the blanks

^ -36

(i) XGM&lfP Z A, iMLJMMfcS# T-i-o

V v'

»\%&T0 V X

(3) £#;?;_« it +* + ;£*

fc.

(4) #**.*«*$*!!*, +»*#-?-»*—*+**■**, #P

ft 3,

*fBtft-'

63

^(N

tSm

W®

*

HSK 4 (T)



*£2: 0#fl &*+*■«■»*■*#? ft

o -t- «tT « $ ii e, V]

«3: 0 mt&t7r£,*f}l'F\ W-k-JLtttiLtitl

aiA EM ,3L_a<_

Texts - *r*$#-?■&**& e. fe-n-^ * $

•Jr dMIAiUtfiftT, JtiSUL-friLX-*$.sl, B-iZftT-ft^

IHt,

IfrJUL,

TTik, &tfT^

**]£.■*« A,

-R-## i)Ufi-i£0

19.jfcg guyi

adv. intentionally,

on purpose

20.® qiao

v. to knock, to beat,

to strike

21. sa zhengIT

v. to tidy up, to

arrange

22. £il heshi

adj. fit, suitable

23.* plan

v. to cheat,

to deceive

24. JUfi ertong

n. children

25. M jid

adj. false, fake

64

5 75-5

at, —**&«&•*?!x

***U5Mfc, **ffl “•«*" “&” “48- •ii” ii^tiej^t-if-fe, ii#5ltte^n 6'5j£'$*

dU^J. JnJL,

fit,

3; &*&*

fiJSMfcifcifa 6it#+Sfeit4^

26. ■£& zu6you

n. around, or so

27.#. l£in

adj. lazy

28.$ ben

adj. stupid, foolish

29. cuxln

adj. careless,

thoughtless

30. mm jiao’ao

adj. arrogant,

conceited

3L**

haixiu

v. to be shy,

to be timid

iftm-m^C Texts in Flnrin

4

Youde hdizi zdi de bu ddo ziji xidng ydo de dongxi de shihou, hui tdngguo ku. reng

dongxi huozhd guyi qidodd lai ylnql fumu de zhuyi. Zai zhd zhdng qingkudng xid, jianyi fumu

xian buyao sheng qi, ylnggai tingxid shou zhong de shiqing, pei hdizi zhdngli zhdngli dongxi,

he tdmen lidolido tianr, nong qingchu tdmen de wenti. Fumu de guanxln, key! rang hdizi

xTnqfng yukudi qilai. Jiaoyu hdizi ylnggai xudnze hdshi de jiaoyu fangfd, zui hdo buyao weile

jidjue wenti dr pidn hdizi, zhd shi ylnwei ertdng queshdo pdnduan ndngli. kdnddo fumu pian

ren, tamen yd hui xuezhe shuo jidhua.

5

Oi sui zuoyou de ertong pubidn hdo dong, zuo bu zhu. sudyi IdoshT zai jiao zhege

nidnling dudn de hdizi shi, yiding ydo xiang bdnfd ylnql tdmen de xingqu. Zhiydu rang tdmen

juede nT jiao de ndirong yduqu. tdmen cdi hui yuanyi null xuexi. Dang hdizi bu mingbai shi,

ylnggai dud gull td, buyao yong "ldn" "bdn" "00x10'’ zhd zhdng c( piping td, zheydng dui

tdmen de zhengchdng fazhdn bu hdo. Erqid, dui bu tong xinggd de hdizi ydo shTyong bu

tdng de jidoyu fangfd. Ruguo hdizi bljido jido’do. ylnggai rang td mingbai hai you hen dud

zhlshi xuydo xudxi; yaoshi hdizi xinggd youxie haixiu, jiu ydo jingchdng guli td shuochu ziji

de kdnfd, zheyang cdi neng rang mdi yi ge hdizi dou jidnkang de fazhan.

65

Notes “£{#**” WII, - ni£*„ “*" , 0Wn:

The verb “5(5" is used before another verb to mean “to be going to do something”,

usually used in spoken Chinese. The meaning of the sentence won’t change if “3(5” is

removed from it. For example:

(1 a*,

(.3)

• Vi, —% Practice

tcIjK'kJ’P Complete the sentences.

(1) **.ift**p*Hff, . (*)

. (*)

(3) . (*)

E» ££

“££” , £is],

^»J^U :

The noun “SE^T” can only be used after numerals, indicating being slightly more or

less than a certain quantity. For example:

• & — & Practice

^hS.'nJ^F Complete the sentences.

(1) , 4UTli£*.ilUfc**e.. (££)

66

(2)_, (££)

(3) Bitkmn ft &■*:&**&JL, _o (£#)


i%X4: o 5C ffitit-

£«&•?

i%£5: &*f#UL±tf)-£n^t,

O -J- # 3 * A*f, jtif ff) fl- & 7T K&t?

Exercises

Retell the dialogues.

**1: :

#i2:

£**#.-*■ JLiA, hHV

«*3:

••••

2 3SJ?-&iSttTO#£ Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.

ffl-ll' » HSI «

• _T, -£-.friM5A-frj£*;*, £.®JL&n-ir¥foV]frt

t£*r W°e.0

"£, iE^ft**#**.*-***_%, TfljMft.

• +»*i&*i*4** »jA^nt«, &/£■*■&.#—A;l, **it*>]

67

*0

#S

WM


ta tt* a «

0 A: *#*>]£:&«$ *1.

B:ifc.«*6, T, 4t-£JS£#f*t.

0A:{l:WTt, {E*.#®.**.***,

B:4fc*4:2fA;L , T„

O A: it ik * * IS] djfc Jf& * # ,t- £ # T ? % £ £ * A?

B: -ft. n^H>h

®A:*^_MS>f—JL& *$-f*L*.**$?

B:«|!«gs^, ifcttfc-f:MMfc*-i±-2f*C0

® A: T«i«, 7 *■%?

b: &****£**.*&!**» ■#■ :&*$*£*&«*, PfryX&Jl

^-o-xi^lo

r* h IqJ^in] Words with the Same Character

Expansion #>. ^1, #>±

(l) Mil%&•;$,&&&,-:i&$WJf-&-&

MSf,#1U&m.i'\#LT.

(.2)#.#*1&3&HL, MM^-fto %ff'-i-, A

in x t a t-—■r ^ ii. w d' * «,t «o

T«f„

68

15

• «“« Drills

Pi'1 'n the blanks with the words given.

pm up p±

• tijk,

*}*i*Mt, *&*»♦*,

ft— Z_.

© H £**#■£■ HI >!•$**, **&#*»]+=. —

Application

1 2XA>§ztfl Pair Work

WRTmmimmktmimitt, ^ritra«o

Learn about the parenting methods of your partner’s parents and complete the questionnaire

below.

l‘5) 3f

1 4f( *. ^ ,&i+4k?

2 it# fcA. ( *.■£ ) if 4, Hr XT A &it? iMi^ffl^TAA&it?

3 ® -liJ»*i\ it&-« it#*fS-£A- ( *.-£) £JL?

4 it-A^ it # 3^.-^- ( A A) it Ml T KM&A&l? ^i+4.?

) <k * SLA IS], &*!*&&*?

69

T+

tNtS

W.n

^

HSK m'M&m 4 (t)


2 Group Work

stMiwaw# &, wwamtiM, s^., sniMTSf, #£

Parents have been playing a vital role in our lives since childhood. We may agree with some

of their parenting methods, but do not like the others. So, if you have a kid, what would you

do to make yourself a good father or mother? Tell your group members about it. (Use at

least four of the following structures.)

a.

b. JSBfrIBI

c.

e. # 4 iXJL#

f. tjjm&ttm. g. ?i

h.

70

yttf. CULTURE m. m Wc.

Mencius’Mother Moved Thrice J □3

$7 (^7Cfl&372-«J^TC^289) , + HT&ftaf£MJB.»Ufc, %Wm, {Hif11?L7-

#, **SE#*tt»ft3LM&£-o if/J'tffl. it. @&*i±H&£0 B'JTO, $TgtMIfe»]A^«o £ MSiJîAASPtilfeAîS^tJLT, 7^tfM7«Sflr$&WiS,, *T£. ^7X1£ tffMM, £*^8|SMdl*ffi£’*WJL7, 7JiXM-7#®#&o ME1§, $ 7*fttf&#ifJL^-g7, *Jgj«*TÎIWSAo A Titft^SPJHftWttW. ffi7«£ttjJMfc, Jgai^-7MTtJ. WMft.t, [^Pni^c JF*IB0fe$-ÂWS»fll5«, ©Jit-7»W^)tt-7AW

Mencius (c.372 B.C.-289 B.C.) was a famous thinker and educator of ancient China. Like Confucius,

Mencius is also a major representative of the Ruist (Confucian) School. When Mencius was young, his

mother had moved homes three times to find a good educational environment for him. At first, they lived

near a graveyard, where Mencius constantly imitated people who were holding funerals. Seeing this, his

mother believed that the place wasn’t good for her son's education, so she moved with Mencius to a place

near the market. However, Mencius began to imitate doing business there, which made his mother think it

wasn’t a good place for him either, so she moved again, this time near a school. Henceforth. Mencius studied

hard and became a sage at last. In China today, many parents, also like Mencius' mother, try every way to

provide better education for their children, some have even moved to a different city, or taken their children

overseas accompanying them while they are going to school there. The story of "Mencius' Mother Moved

Thrice" tells us that the environment can change one’s behaviors and habits and having a good environment

is very important to one’s development.

71

Shenghuo key! geng meihao

<k J£ rF WIH ft Life can be better

Warm-Up Match the pictures with the words and describe the pictures with sentences using

— the words.

jidong

O

gud

O&

B

cdnguan

©

tuT

©#_

shlwdng

©

jizhd

Oft*

2

Will you say no in the following situations? Give your reasons.

• if;**•**■#., isitiH-tf;WJW

£«4l£T, fciftfim.

0 iM'J Jr (boshl) *&.-£, i#*

© *fcfcTif;4^MrJMrSW, T*.5C.^***4rtf;0

72

1

16

a* 16-1

TeXtS /J'S:

/J'M: £&ifeSi£#±, —J.&&4-ith£-

ii*-***##.

/J'S:

/J'M: 3

#3f Ttf-^^MS-o

/J'S: i£&«@>h i£*M£

•c? r -4?

/J'M: atari*. Si£T, itTfc&ifr?

/J'S:

.fr’fctfrfl—T*£.

1. If± boshi

n. doctor (academic

degree)

2. &SE qidnzheng

n. visa

3. bdo ming

v. to apply, to sign

up

4. m, bidoge

n. form, table

5.m chudnzhen

v. to send by fax

6. hdomd

n. number

4

5S qJ

&

j Df h URjfc Texts in l imln

1. Xido Xid chu guo liuxud yuddole went!

Xiao Yu: NT mashang jiu yao shuoshi bi yd le bo? Jiangldi y6u shenme ddsuan?

Xiao Xia: Wo xiang chu guo du boshi, yizhf zdi zhunbei ban qidnzheng xuybo de cdilido.

Xiao Yu: Xianzdi cdilido zhunbei de zdnmeydng le?

Xido Xid: Chengji zhengmTng he huzhdo yijing zhunbeihdo le. lingwai, hdi gen guowai de

daxue qudele lidnxT, tianxiele bdo ming bidoge.

Xido Yu: Hdi yTnggdi you guowai daxue gei nT de ydoqlngxin ba? Tdmen ba ydoqingxin

chudnzhen gei nl le ma?

Xido Xid: Meiyou a, xid ge xlngqi wd jiu ydo qu shTgudn ban qidnzheng le, zhe ke zenme

ban?

Xido Yu: Zhe ke shi ge dd wenti. wd ye bu tai qingchu. Wo bang nT cha yixid xuexido de

didnhua hdomd, nl dd didnhud wen yixid ba.

73

HSK 4 (T)


16-2

$ at: £**«.

i±# + 4UR.*s&, **1-1*—iL&

i£«i: tfff! "i]^n— 3tL*t&fc, —

Mo

m it:

-W-i],

s^ts: it>Hq*«Ti5r—#fc

££Bt fi &■$■«*!# *» a #, ft*.

iiM &tfuf)

fcjMSfc'HUlfctf**, **.4,n

—&Jf-te*L, ii5^it<P*?

^ S: , #£&•&•

^t,’t.d'^, H-%-',t*l)kWfa&-',93r>

—jyt, *J6—■Tr

i£is7

7. #SH canguan

v. to visit, to look

around

8. Mill jidong

adj. excited,

emotional

9. /\W? xidohudzi

n. young man

io. ie# jizhe

n. journalist,

reporter

ii. ft* ddibido

v. to represent, to

stand for

12. kongpa

adv. (indicating

an estimation)

I guess...

2. Wdng Idobdn gaosu LT Jin ziji chenggong de jlngyan

Li Jin: Xiexie nin ddi w6 canguan nin de gongsl. Zai canguan guocheng zhong w6 hdn

jidong, you ge wenti yizhi xiang wen nin.

Wang Idobdn: Hdo a! Xidohuozi, zdnmen yibidn chi xTgua, yibidn lido.

LT Jin: Nin cdng ddxue bi yd kaishi gongzud. dao xidnzdi cai shi nidn shijian, zenme

gdi gongs! zhuanle zhdme dud qidn? Zhd rang wd feichang chi jlng. W6 xidng

xidng nin xuexi yixid chenggong de jlngyan.

Wang Idobdn: Zhege wenti ylqian yi ge jizhd ye wenguo wo. Zuo shengyi shi sulrdn hui yuddo

ge zhong yali he kunnan. ddnshi dajia de jihui dou shi xiangtdng de. NT kan. zheli

you son kuai da xido bu tong de xigud, women yong xlgud de dd xido ddibido

qidn de dud shdo, yaoshi women yiqT kdishT chi. nT hui xidn xudn na kudi?

74

3

/J'#: 4"-*MtlR.Ax.S/^T^T, &;&&£.

#3L-£-&£T0

/J'£: 4U-H']4-*pE'£--'M. &**.£,&*

4?£ T -4? if?*l*.££-fr# W?

*#: B^—■*&-*■*

«, it££-M, £££**?£.&

4e^.0

,jv£: &*J

B+, fctt.SE.*fHLWft*tNl&&it. it

'J'#: gfc&#J A-ft&^iHt,

4Us---£4_-& “*" «$

-t£, -s' it -fS ‘i* „

/J'$: «iJ4a*«! *»*.#« — 7Tik4riffRF\&, fc—%.'£-J&iiit*tf)0

i3.9m shiwang

v. disappointed

14. SHE jiaoqu

n. suburb, outskirts

15. fiJ/Bc daodT

adv. (used in

questions for

emphasis)... on earth

i6. m ya

part, a variant of the

interjection “W”,

used at the end of a

question to soften

the tone

\i.^m daoydu

n. tour guide

18. limao

n. polite

19. yudnliang

v. to forgive

LI Jin: Wd kdnding xidn chT zui do de yi kudi le, ndnddo m'n hui xian chi xido de,

fdngqi chi da kudi de jihui ma?

Wdng Idobdn: W6 hui xidn chi zui xido de yi kudi, yinwei zdi ni mei chiwdn zui da de nd kudi

shi, w6 hai you shijian zdi dud chT yi kudi, zuihou yiding bl nT chi de xlgua

dud. TTngwdn wd de huidd, kdngpa ni yljlng zhiddo wd de dd’dn le ba.

3. Xiao Lin bu hdo yisi jujue pengyou

Xiao Lin: Jinnidn fang jid wo you hui bu lido jid le. zhe ci wd fumu you ydo shiwang le.

NT ydu shdnme jihua?

Xido LI: Wd jihua qu jiaoqu zhu yi ge yue. NI bu shi yljlng mdihdo huochepiao le ma?

NI daodl zenme dasuan de ya?

Xido Lin: Zudtidn yi ge wdidi de hdo pengyou dd dianhua shuo ydo lai luyou, rang wd

dang ddoyou, wd shizdi bu hdo yisi jujue.

Xido LI: Qishi jujue bing bu biaoshi bu yuanyi bang mdng. Yuddo jiejue bu lido de

wenti huozhe wufd wdncheng de renwu shi, jujue zhenghdo shuoming ni dui

pengyou fuze. Zhe yd shi dui ni fumu fuze de tdidu.

Xido Lin: Jiran bieren zhdo wd bang mdng, shuoming ta zhen de hen xuyao wd de

bangzhu. Wd danxln yaoshi shuo "bu” dehud, hui rang td wuhui he shdngxln.

Xido LI: Bie danxln! Rugud ni yong yi ge ji heshi ydu llmao de fangfd gaosu pengyou,

td yiding hui yuanlidng ni de.

75


an Notes

1 °T

“nj” , ^7j^§Si8l, $I#P:

The adverb “iff” is used for emphasis. When used in a rhetorical question, it

strengthens the tone. For example:

(1) &t*.**.fi*, &&**.#*a. (2) T+M.MtiL-Z-trtiLft'frSr&'I,

. &-» Practice


(1) , *«&****isat*. ("D

(2) _, (^F)

(3) _. W

“»tt" , gMO, ^ “»Cf” WMc f«P: The verb “Sffi” means “to be afraid". For example:

(1) , W&xftMifilL&.XT.

(2)

“Stt” , W, 3im “ttit, MM/SAfilC.'" M*S„ »: The adverb “Stfl” means “according to estimation, and being a little worried”. For

example:

(4) ISI4 *$£■;*■

“Stff , M'JtsJ, H/K-ttih »J, ^ W Hi. 0H*n: The adverb “S'lfl" indicates an estimation or guess, meaning “probably, perhaps”. For

example:

(5)

(6) , *4.S4fte.ft«fj|LT.

• & - & Practice

76


(1)_, fit#-£-'n|^'MJ±;$l—. (f&'te)

(2) tmnpr,

(3)

. (»tt)

. (&tf)

UK - ft Compare"^ iSH'fi—1'S

^glW]^; Similarity:

Both can be used as verbs, meaning "to be afraid”.

MJ& JL £*MU4 #P ’L S. 'JrftJL-tfr#, s> k. T o

2.®#*#*!!®, 1NT “ffi'L'” WftlSlco © Both can be used as adverbs indicating estimation, often implying “being

worried”.

yp[5] if: Differences:

In case ®, "£V|fl” can only be used before a verb, but not before a noun, while

“'tfl" can be used before either a verb or a noun.

7 it#*.

2. “Stt” nDf]^±i^M/n-; “'IT RJB£±»Jg®„ In case ©, “iStfl” can be used either before or after the subject, while “'ffi” is

only used after the subject.

h] t°Jtrmm&t>m##r.

mtaJrt&iiLtyk*r%.4i-Tkm, .

3. “ts” m* “W h«s,

A> IftMMfe; “SH6” ifctJfcfBSo

When used as a verb, ““ffl” can take an object, meaning “to fear (somebody,

something, or a certain situation)” , while “iSrffi” has no such usage.

mr ; -'hr m&tmm„

When used as an adverb, “3Sffi” can indicate an estimation or guess, and can

usually be replaced by "tiLTfrlktik (maybe/perhaps)”, while “f|j” has no such

usage.

77

qjJi

flII

&S

ISU

ft

HSK 4(t)


• i-i Drills

Tick or cross

sna te

V" **'J.

V

(2)3.;*<nfc £ >M- T 3 $ * %? 4i ** X v/ "tT-J .

(3) *4MLMib&,

mxM&r.

(4) is. €MT<T,

ft

“si*” , t&», m* m,&” w*So ^j&p: The verb “PJJlS” means “till the end”. For example:

TOfttt «*f ***&#*! *» &**+**# t.

“SI*” , I'm, M**|5I'63*#^*|5]ft«W#*|51^ttl. “iS—

MISo “R^” WWftlsi-feJ+o f^Jfin: The adverb “PJ/iS” is used in an interrogative sentence or a sentence with an

interrogative pronoun, indicating to probe further. It cannot be used in a yes-no question

with “B^”. For example:

(4) 4,*Mfe4r7tf/L*t*T , T4:—J.&A.&,

“SiJ/R” «, “S'JJR” KMiMo »:

When used in an interrogative sentence or a sentence with an interrogative pronoun, “PJ

/£” should be put before the subject if the subject is the interrogative pronoun. For example:

(5) Jcfcafltfcfc.

78

I

16

(6) £) Aft £&&&•&? *W*$A |

*r*R*$«*. k

W • ^ - & Practice M

Complete the sentences. jj

(1) *$«[#,_(PJ£)

(2) au4;l—jL^iWrA,_(s>J/£)

(3 )ty3UUU&£tf&Js — JL7,_(fJ&)

I c?f°]l!l Answer the questions based on the texts.

llfefcl: O'}'%-¥&.£ if

WX2-. eimuisii

*X3: • a ?££*+*]?

0 “4§&#]A”

Texts - “W3L” “#

*” ■&£•*&,

ffo ii

i'j jjijA^ n -ft . »r « £ * ft-

*MMJ “WA” , — to-«MUMkfe0

m%, -&I*

*, T>t&s,/t; *

£, i*j&*iil4*JL$. A-irii#, «.

£isl

20. a gua v. to hang, to put up

21. |5]tfi tongqi'ng v. to show sympathy for

22.ffl tui v. to put off, to postpone

23. yuxf v. to prepare lessons

before class

24. zhongdian n. focal point, emphasis

25. 3,i)t mahu adj. careless, slipshod

26. gff zixtn adj. self-confident

79

HSK wmwm 4 (t) Standard Course 4 (B)

5

tl

Bt. -f *4S-IHt. H^rit

A” , teTte^A^^ **&#*#

4“„ —

„ Sfrtl'#, S.3TA-£

zjCtt&^T, tiListL'frA-*?—_£.&<, 4UH*»

& eJ*t'tyTr&K7m, jf-Kitw ii e, in A, iiJMt*. *&***] »J

A^ft„

27.*# lengjing adj. calm, composed

28. M3 shu v. to lose, to suffer defeat

29. MM zhongshi v. to attach importance to

30. gan v. to dare

31. nm zunzhong v. to respect

Texts in liny In

4

Youxie tongxue jTngchang ba “mfngtian” he “ jianglai ’’ gud zdi zuT bibn, chdng shuo

zudye mingtian zai wancheng, xid ci kdoshi yfding hdohaor fuxi, dengdeng. Zhe zhdng taidu

hui langfei shijian, budan hui rang nT dao zuihou shenme shiqing dou zuo bu chdng, erqid hdi

de bu dao bieren de tongqing. SuoyT buyao ba shenme shiqing dou tuldao “ mingtian ” , yiqie

cong xidnzdi zuoqT. Jiu na xue Hanyu lai shuo ba, shouxian ydo zhuyi ke qidn yuxi, zhdochu

di-dr tian ydo xuexi de zhdngdidn; qici, shdng kd shi ydo renzhen ting, bu ndng mahu;

zuihou, ke hou ydo jide fuxi. ZhTyao zhdydng, Hanyu jiu neng yud xue yud hdo, yud shuo

yud zixln.

5

Dang ni renwei zijT zdi na fangmian hen youxiu shi, qidnwan ydo Idngjing, buyao

jiao’do. YTnwei zhdge shijie hdn da, “ tian wai ydu tidn, rdn wdi ydu ren ” , hdn kdneng

ydu ren zdi zhe fdngmian bT ni geng lihai. NT xidnzdi shi di-yi, bing bu biaoshi nT ydngyudn

dou shi di-yi. Jiu xiang bTsdi yiydng, meiydu ren hui ydngyudn shu, yd mdiydu ren hui yizhi

ying. Wdmen zhidao de yud duo, jiu hui fdxian zijT bu ddng de yd yud dud. Wdmen ytnggdi

zhdngshi pingshi de jTIdi, dud xiang zhouwei de ren xuexi. Ruguo ni gan chengshi de shuo

chu zijT dui nd fdngmian bu lidojid. bing bu shuoming zijT bT bieren chd, xidngfdn, zhdydng

zud geng neng deddo bierdn de zunzhong.

80

am $. Notes .+

mHU:

In the structure .*i#.”, “$” is a preposition used to introduce the matter or

situation to be illustrated. For example:

(2) *»*.—*«.*

*»*•***, * “*T, j3H, >+” ii/l'M1*.*.,

(3) umAn ,

.&.

• »-* Practice

7ClH^]~f' Complete the sentences.

( 1 ) «&;&#, .. (*- •••*%)

(2) . (♦- •■•*%)

(3) MX#i+^JM4»ihA-f-fcJipC, _

o (#- ••■*%)

-®c”, mmahm, mm-. The modal verb “i$” is used before a verb, indicating being confident about doing

something. For example:

(.1) Aln&i&teWA “4t-f" , &#*!&*.«•*

at a (2) #*«.«***■*&*#,

^ JL VAfc# T „

(3) *»*.#*#$*«.* & #**.»;) ij C.M;

#JA1,

81

HSK mmim 4 (t )


• Practice

7C]j5/nJ~p Complete the sentences.

(1) _? (Sfc)

(2) _„ (#0

(3) &&&*%$

. (*)

I Answer the questions based on the texts.

«4: **tf i&$■&, *J-f+£?

i»Jt5: 0.t-&®# A>b#A” &dji£?

fl-£?

^ >J QH Jl.i£ Retell the dialogues.

Exercises ifcfci.

St_L#.4MJNr^ikT, 4MT#*E|i£#dr,

«X2: iigMifHl:

'H^f'5]ii4.^-1+ ••••

«3:

.


nm #x» m 2BE mm

0 **wfAiUbw_ a-59,

0 4ii)lUic^! i£/LAit$£##*fc

82

#r#f, 4z#6*j&jr*f*fitfc—'T.

© A^^AmiA: *■*&-&/] 4k7 , T^-fA A A,

ft#.

ft# M ft W

©A: £$#*?•&-&#?

B:T>^, 4M'm£ tb T “tfio&ft" &}&$}, *AS\lK')r

1 ffi%-0

©A:

B:4ffe &i£x4SM£-&UL,

©A:MITM, B:gt«i4#,

©A:£*#Jl*:MUtfc‘teft-f-*L M T ,

JLT.

f ©A: 4.* $■;#*—

B:Sft*ft, £TM4Mft*T.

Jf"J|| IH Words with the Same Character

Expansion jg. ^jg

«*.

tf, &*']*.&.

(3) ^tM4T,

(4) *»**+$>«•*$ m*, «

«

83

MU

SIS

’3 H

UW

&

HSK feltf! 4 (T) Standard Course 4 (B)

• w— W Drills


fS MM MM #1:

is.-f#r

kX in A $ if ifc'J A & „

*.£**«.

© fe ii M £ « T T>

sfetfA,

isffl m 3XA>Szd] Pair Work

Application iM&Jf firing. Learn about your partner’s attitude towards previewing lessons and his/her methods of

doing it. and complete the questionnaire below.

|3J &

I (-*** -atir . i*i-i£4&)

i 2 fli >4 # H-*.. —-1 •***) £?

! 3 4 4A. A «ij -4 ^4-^?

4 t

| 5 t-Ok f/jCCA

-y £r $b ffc -t- iA'I' Xi§-?

2 /M&>S^:

Group Work: Which is more important for success, opportunity or hard work?

HM-MKW? (ft'WBH'KFSM ^J)

84

Some say success is 1% opportunity plus 99% perspiration. Do you agree with that? Which

do you think is more important for success, opportunity or hard work? Tell your group

members about your opinion. (Use at least four of the following structures.)

a. frirtf&Jt

b. M&W&n

c. I5]

d.

e.

f. —bUUL

g.

£it CULTURE

RZkThKR. ( chu,

As Long as You Work Hard Enough, an Iron Pestle Can Be Ground Down to a Needle

( 701-762),

-mmm, wfovxfs, H#ffe

TO, "Rl!/J

m-mm. -

M: RHS«F«tBrt6dta. iAitfc.

mmmR. mmj-mxmxo f, mm%ji

Li Bai (701-762) was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty of China. When he was young, Li Bai was

not interested in learning at all, and he often went out playing. One day. Li Bai saw an old woman grinding

an iron pestle by the river. He felt so curious that he went over and asked

the old woman what she was doing. It turned out that she was making a

needle for her granddaughter to learn embroidery. Having heard this, Li

Bai laughed as most kids would do, because he thought it was a waste of

time to grind an iron pestle into a needle and that by the day the needle was

made, her granddaughter would have turned into an old woman herself.

However, the old woman told him with confidence: “As long as you work

hard enough, an iron pestle can be ground down to a needle.” Suddenly Li

Bai realized that perseverance would help one succeed in everything. From

then on, Li Bai began to study hard and accumulate knowledge. He finally

became a great poet! After reading this story, you must have learned how

important hard work dnd perseverance are to success.

85

Ren yu zlrdn

A-^Hl& Humans and nature


the words.

renao

O $)'*]

huopo

senlin

© &A laohu

I yun

©*

hdiyang

© ft#

2 %\w. What’s your favorite animal? Why?

86

17-1

Texts ,jxg: *U£Jt\*fcJM*#ifeT, *.—fl, ^

XtiLtet—■&**#**t,

tern

i. fttt

&fl T o

**:&/l it* *#*!&«, Et.^xv&Î't

*A?I T4M #£*■*.,

/J'S: #

it, *.i»jL****t*$A;fc.* T. -ftflat

n*fc»t«w,

SB: -&T#, |i£§f«U)L^^,«l

-£«#J^-^4fiL:£, apAflWJt

-i-ô

/J'S:

£ft: &**, #^.fl#^Btl0To

2. ftffi

3. s

5. M

6. ffl

*m*sm 1. $w

2. §Ul

3. KM

2 3L 17-2

tM: &#]&?-. *1 & ft ftJL&Zm £vH

m, 4MtJLT *!«&.&—| 7.%

/J'$: #*.<».* 9) **«&#, X^«,#,7LBt !

«4t4t*c, *S#I&*£•«.***.

*#: 9rffciifc—■%, £*,&■&&#■—X#

To **tfcit£^Ni-2, ^«fltl69r« 9T

tt<î£-#-^ftto #*•&*.**.« Tit- i In _*

*#4***1 |

/J'$: *it ££./£.— £&&, X#L—&&X% ! 11. *5

6$, ii—i4Jfc4U&-£, it

£ & &, &js titter &&?* & ¥}■**.

fltT.

/J'#:

/J'£:

Atit'V2-ft■£#}#&,

tte—£-f£%titQ

i

17

liangkuai

adj. pleasantly cool

renao

adj. busy, bustling

yun

n. cloud

guangbo

n. broadcast, radio program

zhao

v. to take a picture, to photograph

dao

adv. (used to indicate contrast) yet, actually

Anna

name of a person

Xiang Shan

the Fragrant Hill

(in Beijing)

Changcheng

the Great Wall

mao

n. hair, fur

bao

v. to hold in the

arms, to hug

gan

v. to do, to act

yange

adj. strict, rigorous

nanshou

adj. sad, unhappy

87

2sm

dir

>

17-3

HSK U'M&m 4 (t) Standard Course 4 (B)

Km $

jL^n &-&T . W$-Vi

500ft*##7,

/J'S: &-&-£-&—A A fiUTSi, fly a, o 4WMI

4-tk.fcffi, Wte'Zin'MHkZ&tet,,

5,%: 4k4:V]W*~ i^£Ji7T-;L* f , ff£

AO*t#|A

^A4fL£, flua Cl■&£###]>£&, &i£& *£0JW. T

T^-0«. X VL0

/J'S: dtJRia^^aflf^, #-fT£feT„

33£: *i±, Sfllfc*;?;*,

-^■t^—'f* £X*&o

'hS: flua,

if, AU957^-7H6, + SI •&**&##*

£ ^ Ain & * a ^ t& * j-j a& m 7 „

£ts]

12. « tang

m. (used for a

round trip) time

13. fang shujia

to be on summer

vacation

14. MR laohu

n. tiger

15. AP rukou

n. entrance

16. pai dui

v. to form a line,

to line up

17. »« hu6po

adj. lively,

vivacious

Mwzan i. Yazhou

Asia

2. A-JLS1* LiuyT Ertongjie

International

Children's Day

WuiJR>C Texts In Ftnyin

1. Xido Xid he Anna zai lido tianqi

Xido Xid: Zuljin tianqi yue lai yud lidngkuai le, feng yi gud, cdodi shang jiu hui ydu yi ceng

houhou de huangyd, kdnlai qiutian yljTng dao le.

Annd: Zhe jl tidn Xiang Shan tebie renao, sufzhe qiwen de jidngdT, ndli xuduo zhfwu de

yezi dou ydu lu bian huang hudzhd bidn hdng, xTyTnle hdn dud youke cdngudn,

zanmen jlntidn yd qu kdnkan ba.

Xido Xid: NT kdn tianshang de yun. jlntidn kending ydu da yu. Zdishuo. Xiang Shan shang

kdn hongye de ren tdi dud le. Zanmen gditidn qu Chdngchdng ba. gudngbo li shuo

ndli ye ydu bu shdo zhuanmen kdn hongye de hdo difang.

Anna: Zhen kexT, wo hdi xidng dud zhdo didnr Xiang Shan de zhaopian ne. Qu Chdngchdng

dao shi yf ge hdo zhuyi. nd wdmen mmgtidn qu ba.

Xido Xid: Mingtidn kdngpd yd bu xTng, mfngtian shi wd bd de shengri.

Anna: Mei guanxi, nd wdmen zai yue shTjian.

2. Xido Lfn he Xido LT zdi lido Xido L! de gdu

Xido Lfn: NT de zhd zh! dd hdi gdu mao zhen piaoliang, erqie zheme congming, mdi ci jianle

dou xidng bao yi bao ta.

88

I

Notes

m “®", m, mu-. The verb “fSj" means “to pour something from a container". For example:

(1) S/L.& T o

(2) tt.t-Z'-zitWitZft#?

, mm, *^k*3|bmbs. m$L um M” o »:

The adverb “$]" (yet) meanss contrary to the fact, implies blame or indicates

concession. Sometimes is used instead. For example:

(4)

(5) ****«*.—*#.£*, Jtmr. (it#)

• »-» Practice

§£#!■?■ Complete the dialogues or sentence.

(1)A: («)

Xido LI: G6u shi hdn congming de dongwu, zhlydo shaowei hud di6nr shi'jian jiaojiao td, to

jiu neng xue hul hdn duo dongxi.

Xiao Lin: Ting nl zheme yi shuo, w6 xianzai yd xidng ydng y! zhi gdu le. Mdi ci nl rang ta

gan shenme. td jiu xidng neng tingddng nl de hua yi'ydng qu zuo. NT jiao ta shl bu

shi yongle shenme tebie de fangfd?

Xiao LI: Yao rang td wdncheng yixie renwu, zhi jiao yi ci shi bu gou de, yTnggdi naixln de

yi bidn yi bidn de jiao gdi td, shi td shuxi, rdnhdu td jiu hui yangd anzhao nl de

yaoqiu zuo le.

Xido lin: Kdnldi meiydu xiang de name rongyi.

Xido LI: Gou shi women de hdo pengyou, td neng tlngdong ren de hud, mingbai ren de

xlnqfng. Zdi nl xln li nanshdu de shihou, td hui yizhl peizhe nl.

3. Make he Xido Xid zdi lido dongwu

Mdke: Shang ge yue wd qule tang Beijing Dongwuyudn. nali yue ydu wubdi zhong dongwu,

ting ddoydu shuo Beijing Dongwuyudn shi Yazhou zui dd de dongwuyudn zhi yi.

Xido Xid: Qunian fang shujia de shihou. wo ye quguo yi ci, wo zdi ndr kanle md. xiongmao.

Idohu deng dongwu. Wo tebie xlhuan xiongmao, kexl tdmen dangshl ddduo zdi

shui jido.

Mdke: Wd qu de nd tidn zheng gdnshang LiuyT Ertongjie, xuduo fumu daizhe haizi qu

ddngwuyudn. Rukdu chu pai dui de ren hen dud, dongwuyudn li rertao jlle. Xiongmdomen

yd bidnde tebie huopo, wd hdi gei tdmen zhdole bu shdo zhaopidn ne.

Xido Xid: Dd xidngmao shenzi pangpdng de, yangzi kd’di jfle.

Make: Buguo, tdmen shulidng bu dud, xianzai qudn shijie ylgdng cdi ydu yiqian dud zhi ba.

Xido Xid: Yiqian zhlyou Zhonggud ydu dd xiongmao, weile bidoshi yduhdo, cong yi jiu wu

ql nidn kaishl, Zhonggud bd dd xidngmao zudwei llwu song gdi qltd yixie guojid.

Xianzai, hdn dud gudjia de renmen zdi benguo dou ndng kdnddo dd xiongmao le.

89

2m

iiir

>-

HSK 4 (t)


(2) M&WXk,_. ($)

(3) Sq0

B:4*_. MJt)

“T(gm)”, &m, ttcwrn, miitt: The verb “-p (gan)” (to do something) means “to engage in a certain cause, job or

activity”. For example:

(1) «-#■**„

(2) VA)5 4~&<$-%t)0

(3) ft to,

7F,

&.M: “T” ^ganB4»#i5|, “TUL)

(ganr) ” ££*|t MM ‘‘g»I£^T/K#Wfrnun” „ 0MP:

Note: The adjective “T (gan)” means “dry”. The noun “p (JL) (ganr)" means “dried

food”. For example:

(4) A:i%,

B: !<?

(5) A:ii4-^1-P«^-^,

• & - & Practice

TClSLM^^.^i^F Complete the dialogue or sentences.

(1) A:_?-*&#• fc^? (dD

(2) #r*^/i6>a_, (dD

_m

, M, mu-. The measure word “38” indicates the number of round trips. For example:

90

I

(1) 7***«&#«,

(2) 4,***^,

(3) A:

• % ~ % Practice

y£>)j£Complete the dialogues or sentence.

(1) A:_, £***$*%? (ft)

B: £ a

(2) A:ga, _, &&i%— *JLT«*4? (jH)

B:£»T«. &&T? ##-^#J8L?

(3) 4^5ML_, *PMVft*»:fc:fr*

IS), *.**,£.*.4-*., <S#JL^ir«t^, i£S£-t*Jif£*r*f^

*■*. («)

[tl - tt Compare J M—^

*lRj&: to *, jfe, ffi,

SL a” £#TO51&o ★

Similarity: Both indicate the number of times that an action takes place and are often

interchangeable. They are used with actions involving coming and going, such as

“3fc" (to come), “i" (to go), “j£” (to walk), “SS" (to run), “®” (to pick up), and

“S” (to see off), etc.

4^F-3Mfr fHilT —46/ik.. vP[oJ_£.: Differences:

i.i/Ttatisw, Wrs

m “-*-0” s#

In case ★, "ti” indicates a trip back and forth, only used for actions or behaviors

that involve coming and going, while “#C” indicates the number of times that an

action, not necessarily a back-and-forth one, repeats.

IHJJL&mtiL4r TXOfift.

91

^m

dfr>

HSK 4 (T) Standard Course 4(H)

2. ta “i^i, ^ m.

“#(” can be used for verbs indicating other behaviors, such as “|5J” (to ask), “i#,” (to say), “Jf” (to look) and “idifc” (to discuss), while has no such usage.

to it * "d r iit m .

3. “js”

“$R” “J'J” ; “JS" can also be used for buses or trains that travel at a scheduled time on a fixed

route, similar to “$§” (a measure word for vehicles) and “?j” (a measure word

for trains), while “$C" cannot be used this way.

• « - « Drills

i£lHjig£ Tick or cross

m &

(i) £-£-7 — V v/

(2)4Mn-£_^"C,,

jfadq eL0 x

(3)

(4) 4S**L*,

?T.

(5) ._St ML**.


•

© T « ffl if 'A 7] &?

if*3: ©s»£-fl-&Bt4fc-MOL*fcfl-£7?

© TiNh*8—Td'JUM-xfcttsfr#.

92

iita mji±_ Texts

, it—

*». *t-?-.&«#

AAAT?-; &PB;£#j5'J^£,

4evH

18. shehui

n. society

19. jg^ jingzheng

v. to compete

20.&# senlm

n. forest

21.« sheng

v. to be left over, to

remain

22. Igffl nudnhuo

adj. warm

5 <$ . 17-5

if, £#£4*t

&^J£3^£40 #M££3fL, M

4 “-&#” , xT>itA'/r^']

tf. 3>K

if* A-££ih4*MJi&

T, im&fS--#,

£M

23. mn haiyang

n. sea, ocean

24. m dl n. bottom, base

25. HAft Meirenyu

n. mermaid

26. £M gongli

m. kilometer

27. rengran

adv. still, yet

28. $£| pailie

v. to put in order, to

arrange

29. t? meng

n. dream

93

3$

M>

HSK U'feim 4 (T) Standard Course 4 (B)

M fT i!R X Texts in Piny in

4

Bujin shehui shong de ren yu ren zhTjian you jingzheng, senlin li de ge zhong zhiwu zhTjian ye y6u jingzheng, zhd yididnr ye bii qTgudi. Zhfwu hui weile ydngguang. kongqi he shui er jingzheng. Yixie gdodd de zhiwu wdngwdng ndng huodd geng duo de ydngguang. kongqi hd shui. er shengxid de yixie bijido dT’di de zhiwu jiu zhi neng zhang zai zhexie gdodd zhiwu de xidmidn. Youyu qihdu tidojidn bu tong, shijid ge di zhiwu yezi de ydngzi yd hdn bu xidngtdng. Zai nudnhuo. shuifen bijido dud de difang, yezi wdngwdng zhang de ydu dd ydu hdu; zai ydngguang tebie lihai. shuifdn shdo de difang, ydzi jiu hui zhdng de ydu xi ydu chang.

Diqiu shang dayue bdi fenzhi qishiyi de difang shi lanse de hdiydng, zai mdili de

hdidi shijid li, shenghuozhe ge zhdng ge yang de zhiwu hd dongwu. Women xidoshihou dou tingguo Meirenyu de gushi. qishi zhenzhdng de hdidi shijid bi gushi ii xid de geng mdi. Kexud yanjiu faxidn, hdiydng dibu kdn shangqu feichang anjing, rdn’dr que bu shi yididnr shengyln yd rndiydu, hdidi de dongwumen yizhi zai "shuo hud”, zhi bu guo ren de erduo shi ting bu ddo de. Lingwai, jiusuan zai ji gongli shen de hdidi ye rengrdn neng kdnddo dongxi, xuduo yu hui fdchu gd zhdng yansd de lidnggudng, xidng yi gege pdilid qilai de deng. mdi jile. jiu xidng zdi mdngli yiyang.

SUM *7.m. Notes “%j.m.”

7” Mia-.

In the structure "%]T.M.”, the first clause indicates the purpose of the action

or behavior in the second clause. “^T” is followed by a word or phrase. For example:

(1) TFB*.,

(2) &R5&A*) 'Zn&Z., tMMt

i «$***#, ittr,

(3) &&*+, *‘)rTKlr ij &A



(1)

__o (;* T.flff.)

94

(2) MK&ik_

(#y.w )

(3) ^*._, ^Btl'all^l^5C^r'-e., At&MtrA-

X**sM.XjkWWit&M&Vk. (%T W.)

•w , mm, m%4to vm-. The adverb “jJ'j?£'' means the situation is the same as before without any change. For

example:

(2) fcitir&Vi&lrflipM/s.

(3) Atfi&XH, ■ko&90frVrJstf,&ML0tt0, m?.$L7t, T^it-ff

• & - & Practice

iS Complete the sentences or dialogue.

(1) unfa)

B: JLm—To

(2) **&**.-**£-,_(tot)

(3) — ^70£i£##-6$# A, _; —^20£

<Mfc#xa**tA, .«&&*!. anm


UX4-. SAl^Tfl-&*»**?

• •(+&*!§]?

«5: O

• M'Jfl-fc? t&**Hf+£?

95

HSK mm&m4(t) Standard Course 4 (B)

Exercises

1 Retell the dialogues.

WXl:

.

#*2: :

5USW S. * * ,

**3:

x^nA-ir imitate®, ■


r*# « m m m

t^ST,

®«'J + 9r TXm, . ©Mii'K>'£.t-£4f? AM_St-torifr, rt-f-itft.

ST-f^o

O^-f S?Ai£**-A, +

#_o

• Sfr4je*^—^*T, £&<K *££*>*4 •£«£•**., &#*»*«

M ssffl ffiafe

©A:TT^, * T, ift/tA£&4Jc&7.

B^fr,

B: ^T>, 4,^*.at4.*ii±, _o

©A:X^4^7, &*■#*&#*&.

B:*J, £A7^£#®_o

96

B:^., ;&.4-Xfc_*T o

®A:^t ,

B:*Jtf, *P4,lfc#—fh

Jj*"JH Rî5) Words with the Same Character

Expansion «. M, JIM, 01*8. &*8

(2) feîi

•£#Bt*_ti®) t —-f-ft..

4.—

• » - « Drills

Efc ["J-ffiji Fill in the blanks with the words given.

« m

• rfc4.at&*J, ®9**$**±*._itZfcMJKJ !

0 A: «'Jti.4.teT ,

B:âit, #*+4.#-^, *1***4. mx-*tox*t4i-if-/j, m ^#-a0 **£*$*»■,

*p*4.

£it*tf4-HNk£*«i, s*—#®te, &j& !***«£***>#:*, AtfUJs <><)&'

97

3$

0D

<U

T>

HSK fcM&m 4 (t) Standard Course 4 (B)

Hi Pair Work

Application

Learn about each other’s opinions on the conservation of nature and complete the


n fq) «

i |

2 4 * ffl » Ife-ft? ^ -it?

3 «r * ft A.-€Jt ft

4

5

6

2 Group Work

m, ‘em&Tmm&it? -cfri?

Animals, plants and oceans, all of them are part of the nature. What characteristics do they

have? With the development of the society, what changes have taken place to them? What

do you think we should do to better protect them? Tell your group members about your

opinion. (Use at least four of the following structures.)

a. el#

b. IS]

c. —jLflMHfc

d.

e. it—

g.

h. 7*7 T &-rF&-if

98

CULTURE

(p @ ID'SA The National Treasure of China-Giant Panda

m. AAMHM, awe “rs^s” in «*&fnw-* »99*®tt^7» -Mfs-pj 18-20^'; ffl^WA.W^WSi±30^o A HR 3S ^ A B't I a] iH A n£ A ®, iJTM-

&»*h i:li4W^®»tf§Ii2~4t/M, B|J{££M MB*#&. c.

The giant panda is a first-class national protected and endangered animal of China. It is black and white;

it has a round face, big black eye patches and a chubby body. It is one of the most lovable animals in the

world. Having existed on the earth for at least eight million years, giant pandas are known as “living fossils”

and “the national treasure of China”. At first, giant pandas were carnivores, but then evolution happened, and

now bamboos make up 99% of the food they cat. Today, wild pandas mainly live in the mountainous areas

in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu of China; they usually live to 18-20 years old, while captive pandas can live

more than 30 years. Each day, giant pandas spend half the time eating and most of the other half sleeping. In

the wild, giant pandas take a sleep of 2-4 hours between every two meals; they look lovable even when they

arc sleeping.

99

Kejl yu shijie

Science, technology and the world


the words.

mimfi

O M.

weixidn

xinxi

jiaotong

0 X.i£

ju

0 # fukufin

Fill in the questionnaire about the use of cell phones.

m

□ 507ClilT □ □ #* □ I

Mm □ 50-100th □ □ mm □

to* □ ioo-200th □ gongneng

% □ _tN □

UJLBtt □ 200-300TH □ □ mat □

±m □ 300th ia± □ _,

Will □ «JL n j

Texts

1

Xlk-k JL R A U& * 1 *»&■#■

& At“toft'A* „

—4M*"I «*H, *£& ***#**..

£4- afciife.

tt&» #"3? fF^^I'T?

3E»: <(«r-|-^‘yh^'f+

£» ^M#r, ^HST-Mhfl-**.

iK, &,&*&*$-, zb#/, &#/, £.i&,

%n-. ±*f 7 ! ^it-teii^'J', 4,^«it*

£ m

1. HHH jiangluo

v. to descend, to land

2. A hu6

adj. hot, popular

3. ft# zuozhe

n. author

4. 3£ii jiaotong

n. traffic,

communication

5. jishu

n. technology

6. shifou

adv. if, whether

“ - — .: — ~'.-j|fe:- ,*T - - - - - - - - - - - -

■fit u BR i Texts in F/nv/n

1. Wang Jing gdi Sun Yud tuTjian yi bdn shu

Sun Yue: Shdng ci nu’dr wdn w6 feijT shi zdnme qlfei hd jiangluo de, zhen bu zhTddo gdi

zenme hufda ta, to xianzdi zdngshi ydu ge zhdng gd yang de "wdi shenme”.

Wang Jing: Hdizi ydnzhong de shijie shi meili he qite de. You yi ben shu jiao <XTn Shiwdn

Ge Wdi Shenme), xidnzdi mdi de feichdng huo. Shu li de neirdng dou shi

ertdng xidng zhldao de kexue zhlshi, xiangxin n! nu’dr yiding xihuan du.

Sun Yue: Ndnddo td he women xiaoshihou kan de {Shiwdn Ge Wdi Shdnme) bu yiydng

ma? Zuozhe shi shei a?

Wdng Jing: Zuozhd de mingzi w6 mei jizhu. <XTn Shiwdn Ge Wdi Shenme) de neirdng geng

xln, jieshaole gd zhdng kexue zhlshi, baokuo diqiu. ddngwu. zhiwu. jiaotong.

kexue jishu. shehui he wenhud deng hdn dud fdngmidn.

Sun Yud: Tdi hao le! Bugud td zheme xido, wd bu zhiddo td shifdu neng duddng.

Wdng Jing: Fdngxin ba, zhd bdn shu de yuydn jiandan yiddng, yiding neng zengzhang hdizi

de kexue zhlshi.

101

HSK WM&m4(t) Standard Course 4(B)

2

$%W: **£.--*&*']*91 6

-teiwm&T,

i«T.

& situs,

J»0 •&#&, 70%^/vi£i'Jf-5]4|Bt,

ir it & *j «$ ji a «,«-* .

^2T«4-T« £4fc, ^itiL*

a^W:

££T4IUtiSt£.

it4-xfc& n _t(f E) te,, te-nijLii#T

vxitm&MT m & e. «$£.•;£. *«P: ii>f^&*4*,

flit, & tel? **«*., mrn„ <s* dk^jA^te**]^ a *&«$#, £ *-££"l*r!

M£W: ^’C., *P

T Aif, #]A*te**J.

£i*J

7. # miao m. second, 1/60

minute

* 8. Xt£. fangshi n. way, mode

9. Sd'T shoubuliao cannot stand, cannot

bear

10. Hie riji n. diary, journal

11. anquan adj. safe, secure

12. '&¥h mima n. password

13. ftVf yunxu v. to allow, to permit

2. LT laoshi he Gao laoshi zdi liao diannao he hulianwang jishu de fazhan

Li laoshi: Xianzai de daxudsheng yi yuddo bu mingbai de wdnti, key! mdshdng zdi

wangshang chazhdo da’dn, ji mido zhong jiu ba wenti jidjue le, zhe bi wdmen

shang xue de shihou fangbian dud le.

Gao laoshi: Xianzai de renmen, yduqi shi ddxuesheng kaishi pubian shiyong diannao, tdmen

de shenghud yijing li bu kdi didnndo. Ju didocha, bdi fenzhi qishi de rdn yuddo

wenti shi, shouxidn xiangdao de jiu shi shdng wang zhdo dd’dn.

Li laoshi: Didnndo he hulianwang jishu de fdzhdn shi xueshengmen de xuexi fangshi

fashengle hen dud bidnhud, buguo tidntidn duizhe didnndo kan, yanjing shizdi

shoubuliao.

Gao laoshi: Bujin shi xuexi fangshi, erqie lidn shenghud fangshi ye fashengle hen da

gaibidn. Xianzai yue lai yue dud de xuesheng xihuan zdi wangshang xie riji,

tdmen shuo zheyang key! rang pengyou jishi lidojie ziji de shenghud.

Li IdoshI: Zhege banfd bucuo, ji neng fdngbidn dajia de jidoliu, hai neng jieyue yong zhi,

bdohu hudnjing. Ddnshi ruguo bieren dou neng kanddo wo de riji de hud, dud bu

anquan a!

Gdo IdoshI: Fang xin ba, key! gei wangshang de riji jid mima, naydng zhiydu deddole yunxu,

bieren cdi ndng kandao.

102

3 s. 18-3

$M'J &

4M5L*-Je.4U**l*Ji, $M£ T —>NP A„

: «, ft ,t- & A & ti £.# T fl- 2

£-? b»:

*r

itit^, **it*&i&T. #£: 4fci£<Wit3, 4,—-

4MA.ilL*tt#-*JiiUG-4-ifr i* 4^ #*-£*£65-«*+*, Tt&_t

I»: — 4tBtJiBt^0t, Aft#* f i'Ht & i*j £„ id#^r-

zt, ^Ab£#;«

A* &*]&£,!*£

*h£: A«4*t $-&###, «A

14.® zuo

m. used for bridges,

mountains, buildings,

etc.

15. Iff qiao

n. bridge

i6. im weixidn

adj. dangerous

i7. m; jiezhe

adv. then, immediately

after that

is. mm jingchd

n. police

19. DU zhua

v. to catch, to arrest

20.1$, xidn

adj. salty

2i. kuangquanshuT

n. mineral water

3. Wang Jing he Sun Yue zdi lido guanyu meng de qingkuang

Wang Jing: Wo zuotidn wdnshang zuole yi ge tebie qigudi de meng, mengdao zij! zhengzdi

yi zuo qido shang zdu, zduzhe zduzhe, turan kai guolai yi liang che, feichang

weixian, jiezhe you mengjian wd tiaoddo che shang, gen jlngchd yiqi zhuazhule

yi ge huairen.

Sun Yud: Oigudi, ni zdnme zdng neng jizhu ziji zudle shdnme meng? Wo haoxiang cdngldi

mei zuoguo mdng.

Wang Jing: Mei ge ren dou hui zuo meng, qubie zhishi ydu dud ydu shao. Ydude ren shui

xing zhThou hai jide meng li de shiqing, ydude ren que ji bu qTngchu le. Ni zhi

sudyi juede cdnglai mei zuoguo meng, zhi buguo shi wdngji le.

Sun Yue: Ni shuo de ydu daoli, wd yiban dou shi yi jido shuidao tidnlidng. Hen dud ren

renwei zuo meng shi shangtian ydo gaosu tdmen jianglai hui fasheng de yixie

shiqing, keneng shangtian bu xidng rang wd zhidao ba.

Wdng Jing: Yiban wdnshang shui jido shi, shenti gdnjuedao shenme, ren jiu rdngyi mengdao

shenme neirong. Jide ydu yi ci. wd wdnfdn chi de tdi xidn, na tidn wdnshang jiu

mengjian ziji daochu zhdo shangdidn mdi kuangqudnshui.

Sun Yue: Hen dud ren dou shizhe dui meng jinxing jieshi, yduxie ren shenzhi zhuanmen

xidguo zhe fdngmian de shu. kdxi ddo xianzai rengran meiydu yi ge kexue de

shuofd.

103

HSK im»m 4 (T) Standard Course 4 (B)

fi.%% hb

Notes , gijif],

The adverb “ill!?” means “whether or not”, usually used in written Chinese. For

example:

(1) *&*&£*,

(2) 3fAiC^ “^-#-49” *$*.-*■$££**#■;*, 4*40*

(3) J3L&, ^:>'A-£-

«AjL#;fr £i e.*£-S-afcii#

x#„

• ^ H Practice

Complete the sentences or dialogue.

(i) A: tfj* ft $ 41 it «■ *'J J6 A 6$ — 41# „

B:«=flHF, «-T_o (££)

. («)

(3)—_, afr-f#

(*£)

0BS*7

“g*7" , (M, BWk &Jt, W-*l *), mw-.

“g*7” means “cannot bear (the pain, suffering, stress, misfortune, attitude, temper,

etc.)”, usually used before a noun or noun phrase. For example:

(DA: 4Mn

B : *5 £* T # T , ft $<\ £ A?

(3)

B: tn /* , ii#T «it#tfl-fr#o

• »-» Practice

Complete the dialogues.

(1)A:_, #£-f-L;fc.&T, T„

B:4f<tf, (£77)

104

(**7) (2)A:f—Ttf'E., ___

B: T*_. (#*7)

I

18 p

“ft#” , (nm±) %mm,

«£7a*hW*«o »: The adverb “ft#” means “following immediately (in time)”, indicating (something

else happens) right after the previous event. For example:

(1) ib%fLKJs4LT-$r$i,

(2) &vtJLHL±1k.T—f*'\ & C£.£-&%-± A, &%&%, tfUNtlfc, ft#5LfUA $m±X,

(3) m-M:

• &-*£ Practice

;a;fifi,^‘tii&BSc'Fj7' Complete the dialogue or sentences.

(1) A: 4kW[ t-##(“)•$-7 ,

B:_. (ft*)

(2) . (ft#)

(3) **J*iUR*$i*)i§, £**)#,_(ft#)

, tt - tt Compare ~| ft#—

Similarity: Both indicate (something else happens) after the previous event.

^)Ei„

#Pl/r(: Differences:

“ft#” Mia), ®«H#B]±»#; ffi “M

Is" Mw), “ft.&jg (H).” Witfc|«K

105

^adJT

)5i

HSK #>§«£ 4 (T) Standard Course 4 (B)

In case ★, “ft#” is an adverb emphasizing an immediate succession in

time, while “Min” is a conjunction often used in the structure .Min

( # ) .” (first.... then...).

fate# 5L#_LT

2. “ft#” “Mis”

For “ft#”, the two events may or may not have the same subject, but for “Min”,

they usually share the same subject.

fee.&*T—*HU&T,

ii**i**£7£ft***e..

• M - » Drills

Tick or cross

ft# MS

<t«iT ft, 4^F-*£7—>M'**UL, iLSfcftflL**.

V •»/

(2) .&-&£, 7 , ifc _-0f,*£. V X

(4)i4T^/J, 4.3-&X 7—5LX7-

(5)

fti§l**03^?[Il^?|n]IE Answer the questions based on the texts.

1**1: O ilHWh/1## 7-**!•&*?

«2: *&#*.*.# &?

*7*t?

106

i**3: 7 >M1-&#*$*■?

© /dn**-$batfri±*p*jif#? 0*!tW9f£#*Aft-£?

msc EM _

Texts - , ^JL

#Jil •fr'fe#, &

*£$. T ^

tib^h 1«T vX if) *£ ^-g-£, #

& fj . #1 # , fa UtifA. ft 8*) %o

%-, 7 A-fn^£ft0 #-

>M*J-f-, i£$-Ut, ±

— ^ jiMftif

&£, VLti-tf)-f ft£l$.^-^TvX^

t^ti,

18

±M

22. ft®; fu kuan

to pay a sum of money

23.3* ju

v. to give, to enumerate

24. mi lu

v. to lose one’s way

25. Jfeit dizhT

n. address

26. ifc£ didian

n. place, site

5 <£^ 78-5

2Hfrte, 4Un^£v££it T&*;

«ifr£4s

x-%-&£w.-k.F}&'^&-?

*Pft,

»M'J, WlW&o VXfltft

*&£*-£■

ftft R i4, ftfTft &*P’T VX £ %-ft ISJ

“Wtt” o

27. title shiji

n. century

28. youju

n. post office

29. iBc shou

v. to receive

30. mi xinfeng

n. envelope

3i. mb wangzhan

n. website

32. fam xinxl

n. news, information

107

3B

(3(J

JT$

$

HSK 4 (t)


lexts in P/nyin

4 Xidnzdi sh6ujT budan jiage jidngdi le, erqie zubyong ye yue I6i yue dd, dd dianhua. fa

dudnxin yTjTng chengle renmen pubian shiydng de lianxi fdngfd. Chu ci yiwdi, nl hbi kdyi

yong ta Idi ting yinyue. kdn didnylng. yuedu. wdnr yduxi. fu kudn gouwu ddng, zhd dada

fangbidnle renmen de shenghuo. Ju yi ge l'izi, mi lu shf, zhiyao yong shouji d'rtu chd yixid

dizhi, mdshdng jiu neng zhidao zdnme qu nage dididn. Xidnzdi de shduji geng xidng shi yi

bu kdyi nd zdi shdu zhong de didnndo, xidndai rdn de shenghuo yTjTng yue Idi yue If bu kai

shduji le.

5 Ershiyi shiji, women de shenghuo fdshengle judd bidnhud. JTqidn gongli yiwdi de

guojia, yiqian zuo chuan xuydo ji ge yue, xidnzdi chengzuo feiji bu gud shiji ge xidoshi.

Yuanlai ji xin xuyao hdoji tidn, xidnzdi lian youju dou buyong qu, zhiyao zdi jidli shang wang

fa ge didnzi youjian, yong bu lido yi fenzhong, yudnchu de pengydu jiu ndng shouddo,

bT xie xinfeng ydng de shijian dou dudn. Yiqian wdidi de xinwen yao ji tidn hou cai ndng

zhidao. xidnzdi zhiyao dd kdi wdngzhdn, renhe xinxi dou key! zdi di-yi shijian huodd.

Xidndai kexue jishu de fazhdn rang shijid biande yue Idi yud xido, suoyi xidnzdi rdnmen

dou bd diqiu jidozuo "Diqiu cOn”.

as im rnm^v Notes amr&^ w , -m

m\\: means “besides this (referring to what’s been mentioned previously)”,

usually used in written Chinese. For example:

B*A*n*=T—

(3).«**«**&. fifc-jit

SUH

MM,

108

I

18

• % “ & Practice


(1) 4* MUtkjHMirX..

. (fritBl*) (2)

&*&#*****&*, _. (fcjlfctt*)

(3) T*«*tf*l$**+0“*-*o X&&0t, SiSSMilt

tf4*±iMN4-, _o ((MiBW)

PM IB.PM ft.

“fin..” , jammmmMo “fir im Hjc^isJSt^o &\UQ:

In the structure “fl“..” (...is called...), the latter part is the name of the

former part. “JE” is usually followed by a noun, pronoun or noun phrase. For example:

(1) fft

(2) f;^ta^-t?T, £-fc5464£-i,

(3) taAtT#?-§, —

si*i-t0 w«i# “fit4-” .

• & — H Practice


(nmi, flL “^” “jt”

. (ft..)

(ft.«lft.)

(3)

_0

(ft."I#.)

109

^f5

dJT

$5

?$

ca'IolM Answer the questions based on the texts.

i*£4: OW!

K5: #4Un*$£»£±T*F*£ft.? ifr3MW/h o "I# “>&.$-#” ?

££ >J m S.iii Retell the dialogues.

ExerC'SeS MX\: flvHWSHl:

, .

»2:

.

«Ut3: £#lW%:

, .

91 iS&^lislTp^^ Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.

m ££ test vm

oittt— Or, «0ii|s4.fc-

"t,

0 fctM-ii <K»„

• *5 tMM* Sj„ 0r&,

©4-tefc£, S#*$*£*&*#,

M& mi± mm &

©Artt-f-flL*,

B: *Mi,T*:>r jjfc.6Jl.it.

110

• "AM i£

r-^ko

B:^? i^-MSAT , MATJMf^4i£t£0

©Ai-AA-^M^W T?

B:&T, A, fijôiMi'IT.

0 A: tfe-few ^ A*]&*P*a M?

B:&M,

® A: 4-ATT-&T1&A. « 44 & H Ifc-M?

B:Btla]T£, 3L4.fi;n 7 o 4.fllS;Ji

tfe A.

rit h [o]îa] Words with the Same Character

Expansion £. ±fe,£, tt,£u fljfejSL S*

( 1 ) A: ijtJ& & s, ie,^- T "5,?

B:J&*ii7, T .

(2) A: tfc*NUn B| ZtfsHL 7 <f £ -yi

B:^DittaÂ«'i-, «4^Mr#40

(3) e,. *&.•*•**] £) CtfVLA, •&■*■ 7 * ij £,^ft

A, #JL« ;&•£#&.&. *•£•*£# 3E4f

(4) A: 4U*tt;**fc7.

B: S.Z£r>jLt-7T&, *3 *4* *&«*.***..

• ttt — ts Drills


M S4

0.9L43f'Ht>, -f—-ta _4

a*#.s.4*£-«.2:,

0 dj-f atr*l FMJ, 4. ***■* +

W+ftW—T.

in

3H

$<

Jir

»$

HSK U'fetm 4 <t) Standard Course 4 (B)

B-.fctf_iLtfc, tik%, t^L#,_Ak^Jt.

7, Htfi#.

EH 5RA/£?tl Pair Work

Application

Learn about your partner's use of his/her computer and the Internet and complete the


i'r) 2£ C3 1 _1

1

2 ft 4^ *X..t « ft ft 1*1 f -Is-?

3

2 Group Work

%m) Tell your group members about the influence of the development of science and technology

on our lives. (Use at least four of the following structures.)

b.

c.

d.

f.

g. *MUfcS&3v?f-

h. £4lT

112

I

3tVC CULTURE

fitted'&it Weibo and WeChat

mw. (MicroBiog) wfuffc,

140¥&&Mxn$nn&, swti««ia

w^nsTwitter0 2009^8^

fcffif (WeCha.)

fl=, 1SM&&

toa#TO” “Wem

Weibo, or MicroBiog, is a platform to share, spread and obtain information based on user relationship.

Users can visit the site via computers or cell phones and post a message of around 140 words/characters,

which can be shared immediately. The earliest and most famous MicroBiog is Twitter of the US. In August

2009, Sina became the first web portal in China to provide Weibo service, which is when MicroBiog

officially came into the sight of the majority of Chinese net surfers.

WeChat is an instant voice messaging app released by Tencent in

2011, via which users can send voice messages, videos, images and texts

on their cell phones at a real fast speed. WeChat provides services such as

public accounts, circles of friends and message promotion. Users can add

new friends and follow public accounts by selecting "Shake”, "Search by

Number”, "People Nearby” or “Scan QR Code”. WeChat allows users to

share moments with their friends and also share what they've read in their

circles of friends.

113

Shenghuo de weidao

Taste of life

#ij§. m Warm-up Match the pictures with the words and describe the pictures with sentences using

'= the words.

J fCiyin chufdng jinzhl

O-S-^l7 ©£jt dai ydnjing

© ML 8R.fc

ii fa ©S£

doo qidn ©it it

2 ffiTUrttlgAa^SS-fT, Eft ^5 o

Put the following words in the first row of the form and write your own

information in the form.

chusheng xingbie

l.tfajt 2..f±#] 3.frm 4.-&.Z 5 6.Sf-tfr

20# H 1994^ 7/1110

010-82301111 G12345678

19-1

19 i£>c

3 }£:£'Jf, ®*f! ±is]

l.^ffl xueqT n. term, semester

»*!W: Art, *Ht4U&, dji-^-fl, '14 2. aj^fe chusheng

v. to be bom

3. mi xingbie n. sex, gender

3 £: 4-ifelfc., 4. M» dao qian v. to apologize

dayin # T , t- $&#&&—&# ¥i t 5. trep

«? v. to print out

6. gC|J fuyirt

ziT, 4.*Hfci‘#r-*T*p—#, it-

v. to photocopy,

to xerox

f-T„

S, £: &>J, -tfr

«^W: ,***§-4., ^Un-S-te#

KJL^—T.

2L. >9-2

$a: ■*, it-^.t-^AT? * —T,

3E»: &££, *!**-?,

m t 27 fe? J*] ^ T .

$»: ijt-dLi^^'J'-- T ,

*, itHJLiltfT, *J!8._t-«Mr — .& 71 Jo.,

i#: % ^31^X4-ft ti-f T.

t&tLfe , WM.¥)tL

-ffetf-’i, &—&JL-&X—&JL.

I»:

#, saf».

£M

--

i.m- jiaozi n.jiaozi, dumpling

8.71 dao n. knife

9.® po adj. broken, tom

io. m tuo v. to take off

11. S3? ITfd v. to get a haircut

12. baozi n. steamed stuffed bun

13. W Ifngqidn

n. small change

115

iffi

ssaiw

4 (T)

Standard Course 4 (B) HSK

ms.-. ft*

J'J 5L&& JSL-ti? T o 14. fT#W da zhaohu

mi:

ifcfl ® fc#*it + S#3gi%? SSP: #f

a—ns*. “«--r" , it

/dfefejfr* .

to greet, to say hello

I5.it dai v. to wear (accessories)

16. HRH yanjing n. glasses, spectacles

i7. mm wudao n. dance

is. am guoji n. nationality,

citizenship

i9. m tdi v. to lift, to raise

20. flSSf gebo n. arm

2\.m zhutin v. to turn, to shift

#: £46M, &£&*,

{If h iSRjfc Texts in liny in

1. Make shenqing xia ge xueqi j'lxu zdi xudxido xuexi

Make: Laoshi, nfn hdo! Wo xiwang xia ge xueqi zdi zheli jixu xuexi, qingwen hai xuydo

chongxin shenqing ma?

Gao Idoshi: Shi de. Gei ni bidoge, chusheng nian yue. xingbie. huzhdo haomd dou ydo tidn,

hai ydu lidnxi dizhl, lianxi didnhud.

Make: Zhen baoqidn, wo bu xiaoxln bd huzhdo haomd tiancuo le, nin neng zdi gei wd

y( fen xin de shenqingbiao ma?

Gao IdoshT: Mdi gudnxi, buyong ddo qidn, shei dou ydu cuxin tiancuo de shfhou. Shenqingbiao

dou bei bieren nazou le, wd gei ni chongxin ddyin yi fen, ni deng yixid.

(Gao IdoshT ddyin, Mdke tidn bido.)

Mbke:Zhd ci wd anzhdo ydoqiu dou tidnxie wan le, qingwdn hai xuydo zud bidde shiqing ma?

Gdo Idoshi: OIng bd ni de huzhdo gdi wd, women ydo bd huzhdo fuyin yixid.

2. Wang Jing zud jidozi shi shou shou shdng le

Li Jin: Ya, ni de shdu zdnme liu xid le? Ddng yixid, wd gdi ni bao qilai.

Wdng Jing: Mei gudnxi, wd xiang gei ni zud didnr ydngrou jidozi, gangcdi yong ddo qie rdu

de shihou bd shdu nongpo le.

Li Jin: NI yd tdi bu xidoxin le, buguo hdoxiang bu tdi ydnzhong, gud ji tidn jiu hdo le.

116

Notes 1

Interrogative Pronouns Used to Refer to Everybody or Everything

mwixm it, m, wjl, wi, it

$n “ft A" flffifsj—“it” nr &

The interrogative pronouns “ftA” (what), “id” (who), “W” (which), “@PJL” (where)

and (how), etc. can be used to refer to anybody or anything. For instance, “ftit,”

refers to anything, and “id” refers to anybody. They are often used together with in

a sentence. For example:

(1) 3Ufc*.

(2) h**4U*T—*-*&«**■,

(3) untJF._b.i!Lt&ti&$i£&vL, ft£&#«iii±1^

*114**]. • & — ^ Practice


(1) £)

(2)

(3)££,&* 3 Ttf/Li&T,

? (it)

, (fK)

_ _? («-4)

YIfu shang ye y6u yididnr xie, ni ba yifu tuo xialai, wo gei ni xixi.

Wang Jing: Kanldi jintian chT bu shang yangrou jidozi le.

LI Jin: Na wbmen jiu chi didnr bidde. W6 chang qu de na jia llfddidn fujin y6u ge

canting, nali de baozi hdn hdochl, wd ylhuir qu mdi yidiflnr.

Wang Jing: Hao ba, wo yifu koudai li you shfjT kuai h'ngqidn, mdi baozi yTnggai gou.

3. Anna bbngzhu Mdkd lidnxi wuddo dongzud

Mdke: W6 zdoshang gen ni dd zhaohu, ni mei kdnjidn. Xidng bu dao you zdi zher

pengjidn ni le.

Annd: Zhen shi duibuqT, wo bu shi guyi de, jintian zdoshang wd wang ddi ydnjing le,

kdn bu qlngchu.

Mdke: Gangcdi wd zdi pdngbidn kanddo ni tido Zhongguo wu le, mei kdn chOldi ni tido de

zheme haol Ndndao ni ylqian zdi nlmen guojia jiu xueguo Zhonggud wuddo ma?

Anna: Wd xidoshihou mama jiao wd tiaoguo lidng nidn de wu, sudyl shaowei ydu

didnr jlchu. Zaishuo. wuddo bujln shi yi men yishu, ye shi yi zhdng ''yuydn", zhe

zhdng yuydn yu gudji wugudn, wulun nd ge gudjid de rdn dou neng kdndong.

Mdkd: Tai hdo lei Wd gang xuexi tido zhe zhdng wu mei dud jiu, ni bang wd kdnkan,

wd de zhege dongzuo dui bu dui.

Anna: NI zhege dongzuo zuo de hdishi bu tai bidozhun, wd gei ni tido y! bidn. NI zixi

kanzhe, yinggdi xidng wd zheyang: xidn tai gebo, rdnhou tdi tul, zuihou tdu zdi

xidng ydu zhudn ylxid.

4 (T)

“±” , mm, m&mmismimmi-m, M; &%vmmh§, ^mmiM^jmn^, ®m-.

The verb “_h” is used after another verb as a complement of direction, indicating the

purpose of an action or a behavior has been achieved, or as a complement of possibility,

showing whether or not the purpose of an action or a behavior can be achieved. For example:

(1) To

(3) —

• — & Practice

Tc/jScfrj"?1 Complete the sentences.

(i) (Ji)

„ (Ji)

(3) **&-**«&#,_. <_h)

EM ftisfc

Mii$itisi0 mm-. The verb “hBJfe” can be used after another verb as a complement of direction,

indicating a certain action or behavior makes the state of something change from being

nonexistent to being existent or from being hidden to being obvious. For example:

(2) at &&&&!&ib £7 ,

(3) ***££#&**]#* + «# 7, «.******■&&£#!

• %. — & Practice


(1)

(2) 7^M,

(3) 7*'JAtf&.& ,

o (£&*)

. (**)

. (HJ*)

Compare~j

|b] .if: Di fferences:

\M%umrninismmkm\-%immv%!, “tu

%r mmjm&hKmm'-, “&*” t. Though both of them can be used after verbs as complements of direction or

possibility, they mean different things, “ttjjfc” indicates a motion from inside to

outside, while "ii2>f£” indicates an upward movement.

tr>tbAT, ftAf4ite—Tty

-f-trrA, T,

'Mil; “&*”

In respect of their extended use, “liiJfe” can mean a certain action or behavior

makes something come into existence or come into view, while "feA" indicates

the beginning and continuation of an action.

ft ■}'&£'4?

JLT£*2JN£'tZmm&0

, gaisltZX'K*TTetZo The phrase “S.ftSJfc” means some new information has been produced after

thinking, while “:ffi,S23|£” means some information which was forgotten has now

been retrieved.

•«-« Drills

iSisliRS Tick or cross

w*

(1) it*M •A ^ A ^ 0 X %/

(2) v/ X

(3) T&&—TT&T T.

119

ilS

Bii

fff

HSK 4 (t)


diJffc

(4) «.*]««4 Bfr, ifc ££& — ■£«&*&it &

tzfc._o

(5) ftw*g4^&k&£4--k£$T6Z*F4£&_.

F*il # 0 ^ fa] H Answer the questions based on the texts.

«2: ©i#«H-*.fe &***$? )»M?

M S>t<M_

Texts - 5 A-£-4

i£, 5?=T®^f , J5] 3]

*fr«, 4-4 *£*.*]

JB, T„ *r

—jt, ft^.-1'sn ^#4-

-T^r4-„ r4-ji-iJt.4--T^ii^

it, AHUM:#, &*$

4*. it444te4*.3l*, -f^Lfe #fcTT4*«5-f-*L4-*5.

£ Tr # , fe * & 4. £ I* . $ — Mii'J'EH DBt, 5Uf*9;fr

T-Tfi,

£«

22. a zu v. to rent, to lease

23. chao adj. noisy

24. mm chufting n. kitchen

25. m% fangdong n. landlord/landlady

26. £££ zhanxian v. (of a telephone line) to

be busy, to be engaged

120

5 <!■', 19-5

4ft £ § AiA^ #r 11a

t®A#^']-|-

al#-*#., >>i-u£, &

«^Ainis*A4ti-^ii#0 A-fn-r

it “i4-4i"is.^” , #WEL£/v-

*» “4” #*-*r*Mt£ilitf>-*-. A 4" H5}", -t-Jlr •*!.<$. is. w £

*M$N-te, flLkJMr#, t£iMf s 7f „

27.** gongfu

n. kung fu

28. plngpangqiu

n. table tennis, ping-pong

29. yumaoqiu

n. badminton

30. m chdng

m. used for sports or

recreational events, etc.

31. «5it jinzhi

v. to prohibit, to forbid

32. && zuowei

n. seat

flfnWjJC Fexts in Pinyin

4 Mdkd qunidn zu de fangzi If rnblu hen j'in, duimibn you ddda-xidoxido de shangdian,

zhouwei hudnjing feichang chdo. Sudyl, fangzi hai mdi ddoql, Make jiu kaishi zhdoji

huan fangzi le. Y6u yi tian, td zdi xidoqu menkdu kanddo y( ge zu fangzi de guanggao.

Guanggao shang shuo fangzi jiaotong fangbidn. zhouwei hdn dnjing, chufang hen dd. Zong

de Idi shuo. zhe tdo fangzi td hen mdnyi. yushi ta jiu jixidle fdngdong de shdujT hdomd. Ke

huf jid hdu dd didnhud, didnhud zdngshi zhanxidn. Di-er tian, td luguo xidoqu menkdu shf,

you zixi kdnle yfxid gudnggdo, yudnldi zdi ji hdomd de shihou xiecuole yi ge shuzi.

5 Hen dud waiguo ren renwei suoyou Zhongguoren dou hui gongfu hd plngpangqiu,

qishi zhTshi xT’di zhe lidng zhong yundong de Zhongguo ren bljido dud. Zhonggud ren tebie

xlhuan dd pingpangqiu, zdi Zhonggud ni hui faxidn daochu dou ydu plngpangqiu zhuo.

Xiang plngpangqiu. yumaoqiu. pdo bu ddng yundong dui tiaojidn yaoqiu bu gdo. sudyi

tamen dou chengwei renmen yundong bucuo de xudnze. Renmen chdng shuo "shengming

zaiyu yundong”, sudyi hdn dud ren yi ddo zhoumd jiu hui dao tlyuguan dd ji chdng qiu.

"Pingpdngqiu” zhege mingzi yd hdn ydu yisi, "ping" he “pang” jiu shi dd qiu shi fachu

de shengyin. Zdi kdn pingpangqiu bisai shi, youqi shi zdi yundongyudn fa qiu de shihou,

gudnzhong yao dnjing. jinzhi ddsheng jidng hud huozhe likdi zuowei suibidn zdudong.

121

MS

Bli

H*

HSK mmwm 4 m Standard Course 4 (B)

Notes A>KiA,&^±ii3ciA±®-t,mîfiô Mia-. is usually used as a parenthesis, meaning “on the whole, generally

speaking”. For example:

1-JktiLHiLT 7

(2) il^^6)^xif£ tfDX&at*

*.jlfcAi£*4*.

(3) t|Al“Uiia^.t^#, &#)&■&, a >**&**, W%-

¥lA-kte&'Hh

• »-» Practice


(1)

(2) . (&#*%)

(&#*%)

, mm, w “M, $ w#*o mm&fffi&m, mm^b

The verb “Ê^p” is often used in written Chinese to point out the essence of

something, meaning “to be exactly, to lie in”. “ftT1” usually has a noun phrase as its

subject, and it must take a noun, verb or clause as its object. For example:

(1) AntiiL "*£#” .

(2) £i*4-**-**+**$ #*,

#*-$-**4*, it

o) a^TAi6—at*r*jfc.

A®t, 4U4

TT**.

• % — %. Practice

122


(i) , . (£f)

I

19

(2) _o (if)

(3) _c (if)

tSl§TslUt09??lslta l°]M Answer the questions based on the texts.

M4: O B,

0 3> £ *? M-AM * -L4- * ?

M5: 0 4&.*#6|A# + it##*.#'^ 3/M?

«*?

^ >J EH Retell the dialogues.

ExerCjSeS Ml: R^W^:

M2: BMWHl:

M3:


tiffin?- & m'\ »J> &jt

Oik&AfeAi&mk&. , -*mk jpumf,

St^o

O 4K%.&’t\ir\&M+ttL7r&’iLo S/M'S* T,

tn ft, El jib, -fMifcjMP -tote).

^JAili'J

0 J.1&*. T2Jft?r4.tetri^.itiL#*J6—__ft*.

123

iS

S®

HSK mm»m4(t) Standard Course 4(B)

to mm n® to

Jlik-t' MHVL'k&Z.Ml-f?

B:J£^0 _Aifc#T.

• AsifrR, &—-&/Ui?

GA:aM)L A S'] ? A&KA.I

0 A: n 4t«6j &_, £-*-«$o

B: ft**, tt4LX'l±it&‘~±0

®A: fti+itn, 4l-;i

a^0

B:te«'Jsb-i-^T, Tll&T-ftt&w*..

Jj*" IHI fo]^in] Words with the Same Character

Expansion £: II£

4-r»1;UlT, ft-fret fa] 4t4&—T "£< =

(2) &#■*#■«$*#*, *r*ni& fay'X #Ttf)% & A Is]«,

(3) ** «*<&*»**]£*,

4a&0

(4) *}-®#sM*r_t^r4f T—£ffi£y£,

• ISS — US Drills

IS wUl'CS Fill in the blanks with the words given.

RM m &£. ££

O&&&JL, MsLtttfW,

-f

Aft0

tb+ttiti T

124

Application

0 *) iJ 6Wik_-JtTMo

O ifa T^HÂÂ^-S-ITA, **6**|—

1 3KA/5^ Pair Work

sffiTippj«sttr*fffij»gc3csw5sa, ^jai««o Learn about each other’s attitudes towards renting or buying a house or an apartment and

complete the questionnaire below.

n a 2£ E=1

(A£ "«• . JL*rfl«P5«.)

4Hf&4k#? Af+<Jk?

3 JHfc? A? A-f+&?

1 A*L?

”57? ^ f+4,?

2 Group Work

isMMo (mmaw)

Rung fu and ping-pong are widely practiced in China. Which sport is the most widely

practiced in your country? Tell your group members about it. (Use at least four of the

following structures.)

a. AÂ-fiS.iJ]

b.

c. M-te-f**

d.

e. -i-G-lAil

f. :

g.

h. ôL #-i£

125

HSK imwm 4 (t) Standard Course 4 (B)

CULTURE

S4lc-t th tp g)-tSt-T A Bite of China- Jiaozi

BfSs&o ifrF-JRg&fc^H+aLtW (23/&PMiii.6) KJlflrfc#, HJTfaffife,

H*WiE*+a*S5l£^l!I-W?F», ‘W’ W “XT1” ttft&o “T1” iTBt, “X” fP “ft" «, ffllo

/£Co rrW, fitS':FfPifctt:3SiAffl^f¥HtW^MM-«'ô tgJL l*30gJL »tgJL^, #4*B*«HtAH#£l!if, HAA

DcBîiliA^J^To Si? “dumpling" o XPF-h, "dumpling” 4* HtS?1?,

Hilt, a3(£«^MISÂ?FM^ttffl jiaoBi

nfS#-tnHnTo

For most Chinese families, northern ones in particular, making and eating jiaozi (Chinese dumplings) is

an essential activity to celebrate the Spring Festival (Chinese New Year). Jiaozi is usually made ready before

the period of zi (23:00-1:00) on the Spring Festival Eve and won’t be eaten until the period of zi, which is

the beginning of the first day of the first month in the lunar calendar. As jiao sounds like the character for

"intersect” and zi refers to the first two hours of the New Year, jiaozi indicates the meeting of years and

symbolizes happiness and reunion. Moreover, jiaozi is shaped like an ingot, and making jiaozi implicates

wrapping good luck, so making and eating jiaozi is a way of making wishes when celebrating the New

Year. The wrapper of jiaozi is a piece of dough made of flour and the stuffing can be made of a variety of

ingredients using different kinds of meat, vegetables or both. Chinese jiaozi is cooked by boiling or steaming,

and it is not only delicious, but also nutritious. Before the introduction of jiaozi to the West, Western people

had already been familiar with Italian dumplings. Because of its similarity to Italian dumplings, jiaozi was

generally translated as “dumpling” in English. As a matter of fact, "dumpling” is a broader concept; it refers

to all the stuffed foods of this kind. With the West knowing more about Chinese culture, more Western

people are getting used to call this Chinese food jiaozi.

126

Lu shang de fengjing

SSiWIxli The view along the way


the words.

— M r%

shoushi

O

jiayouzhon

O

xibochi

0 kaoya

gaosu gonglu

0 i§ji£ '/V&

gan bei

of 4r-

mxMs%it&? Which way(s) of travelling do you think is/are the idealest? Why?

$8. ift-e tfiSWfi] m Tl*J§ £KWib]

UK □ □ HEHA

#&#jA r r 'L'lfWltf C JJi&Xik □

%K L □ Jslcrfj^rS AiE-'hE

§B n 'i£M

127

HSK 4 (T)


£.20-1

^eXtS titfa# T ,

/h*: T

>ts

MS: if, *P&*Ufc*«T, *]*#■*#*.»

#^5,?

-Mfci&T—'M'Hf,

$l&-it ;Sl r°] 4t . —-s'-'L

*»**, &&&£--$i£'iS

/J'9K: — 4^14.11 & it •£■ &*■*.#*, tfctt*

fflili.4,7, *4*J

1. MS* jiayouzhdn

n. gas station

2. tm hdngban

n. scheduled flight

3. ffliE tulchi

v. to postpone, to

delay

4. gdosu gonglu

expressway

5. £*1# dengjipdi

n. boarding pass

6. ir w shoudu

n. capital (of a

country)

i.-fcfl: Changjiang

Yangtze River, the

longest river in China

2. -fccttlfctff Changjiang Daqiao 3. W$P#l® Shoudu Jichdng Yangtze River Bridge Beijing Capital

(in Nanjing) International

Airport

Iff u ill! X Fexts ill tiny in

1. Xiao Zhang qu B6ijTng, pengyou song Xiao Zhang qu jichang

Pengyou: Gbi jia you le, qu jichang de lushang y6u jiayouzhdn ma?

Xido Zhang: Wd jide gudle Changjiang Daqiao wdng you yi gubi jiu y6u yi ge, dagdi ydu si-wu

gongli yudn.

Pengyou: Hdo, nd wo jiu fang xin le, bie kdizhe kaizhe mdi ydu le. NT qu Beijing de

hdngban shi ji didn de? Shijidn laideji ma?

Xido Zhang: Hdngban benlai shi shi didn de, houldi jichdng wangzhan shang tongzhi tuichile

yi ge xiaoshi. suoyi jiu didn ban ddo jiu yinggai mei wenti.

Pengyou: Gangcdi wd hdi ydudidnr danxin Idibuji ne. Yihuir jidwan ydu, wdng xi zdu wubdi

mi jiu neng shdng gdosu gonglu. Zdu gdosu gonglu ddyue ban ge xidoshi jiu

ddo le.

Xido Zhang: Yihuir wo ziji jinqu huan dengjipdi. ni jiu buyong song wd le, deng wd daole

Shdudu Jichdng zdi gei ni fd dudnxin.

128

20

20-2

m ittevktit, ,t- £ #?

3t*: -f Bt*;L#pfc $ifc, &*.**■£■;*&.#,

*|**-i-*P ;L.RJLJfc4«f %?

»S: <5JcJL T —

**: 4ffT, Pp-ft.

PM**-*.. *-*-;l—W*.4i.s6t4-i»F*it

'HfM-o

tiiJt, '’tty'tfh, fall $L-*ti&&.%*?&&

*3? *pat^-£ifMfc, T>^:£if? 3t*:

4tffl 7. mis luxfng

v. to travel, to tour

* 8.@ guai

adv. rather, quite

9. df'K> kelian

adj. pitiable, poor

10. 5tf® duimidn

n. opposite, across

n.mm kdoyd

n. roast duck

i2. mi zhuhe

v. to congratulate

13. hege

adj. qualified, up to

standard

2. Sun Yue hd zhangfu jihua fang hanjid ddi nu’er qu luxfng

Sun Yue: Nu’dr xia ge xlngqT jiu ydo fang hanjia le, ddo shi'hou zdnmen ddi ta qu luyou,

fdngsong fdngsong, zenmeyang?

Zhangfu: Pfngshf nu’dr ndme dud kd, zdngshi shuo xidng qu luxing. danshi mei shijian, guai

kelian de. Zhe ci fang jia zdnmen ddi td qu ndr wdnr bTjido hdo ne?

Sun Yud: Qunidn wo tongshi ddi td erzi qu Gudngxi wdnrle yi tang, tlngshuo hen bucuo,

wdmen jiu qu GudngxT ba.

Zhangfu: Hao a, ndli de qihou he beifang hen bu tong, jishT shi dongtidn, yd feichang

nudnhuo, hai neng chldao xuduo xinxian de shuiguo. Ddng nu’er yi huilai wo jiu

gdosu td zhege hao xidoxi.

Sun Yue: Xian bid zhdojf shuo. Zhongwu wdmen bu shi ydo qu duimidn de fandidn chT

kdoyd, zhuhd td kdoshi chengji dou hege ma? Nd shihou zdi gdosu td. bu shi gdng

hdo?

Zhangfu: Hdo zhuyi, ddo shi td zhidaole kending tebie kaixTn.

129

»B

lS!-rS

§

HSK UM&m4(t)


M S. 20-3

*PA.ifiitJt-irmfrztLfT

Bt«#?

mi-. A*H, >]'&,w ]S«, ^JL

%&.-f _t^ #)■%%--£: W>U£%o i£M.*

M£°3?

£»: -

*4-_t 44&&tfl # T #. £ # 46 ^ £. ft .

A-tfeM-IM'J^o i£M ^

#]4t£, 4Un-«.^0

^^3i■. , i'JBt-te

ft

±TS]

14. Tft gan bei

v. to drink a toast

15. minzu

n. nationality, ethnic

group

16. daban

v. to dress up, to deck

out

17. xidohua

n. joke

18.# cun

v. to store, to keep

19. ft® ydoshi

n. key

20. f&L jiujing

adv. (used in questions

for emphasis) exactly

$«: T>i±

W&-&Jf-12F\ J'j # ilABt

1'aI-i-HH }X-&)i£, ^i^3citi£x.',t., ft

^MMIS!.

3. Anna xidng Make jidshdo qu Lijidng luxfng de jlngyan

Make: Zheme dud zhaopian, dou sh'i nl zhd ci qu Lijidng luxing shi zhdo de? Nali de zirdn

fengjing kd zhen mdi!

Anna: Shi a, xido cheng siji de fengjing dou hdn mei, erqid huanjing bdohu de ye hdn hdo,

ylncl mdi nian dou xiylnzhe chengqidn-shdngwdn de youke qu ndr luyou.

Mdke: Zhe zhang zhaopian shang he nl gdn bei de ndge ren shi shaoshu minzu ma? Ta

ddban de zhen pidoliang.

Anna: Td shi women de ddoydu, bu shi shdoshu minzu. Yf lu shang td gdi wdmen jiangle

hdn dud yduqu de xidohua. Ydu yi ci wd bd cun bdo de ydoshi diu le, zuihdu hdishi

td bang wd zhaoddo de. Zhe zhang zhaopian jiu shi zhaoddo ydoshi hou, wdmen yiql

zhdo de.

Mdkd: Mingnidn wd ydu jlhui yd qu ndr kdnkan, ddo shi bd nl de ddoydu jieshdo gdi wd ba.

Jiujing ndge jijie qu Lijidng luyou bijido hdo ne?

Anna: Ndr zui mei de jijie shi chuntidn he qiutidn, buguo nd shihou ren bijido dud. Shaowei

hdo yi didnr de shijidn shi meinidn shi'dryue ddo di-er nidn sdnyue. Zhe dudn shijian

qu Lijidng de hud, wulun jiaotong hdishi chi. zhu dou hen pidnyi.

130

20

}±n n v+#+v+#

Notes “v+^+v-f#” S

0Mll: The two verbs in the structure “V+#+V+#” are the same, usually a monosyllabic

one. The structure is often followed by another verb, indicating another action occurs when

the one mentioned is going on. For example:

(1) #, T ,

(2) ij &iUt&T, 5L

(3) «*&•&#■

T„

• & - & Practice

TtsfS/nJ^P Complete the sentences.

(1) _o (v+#+v+^)

(2) WJLtfjJf-ftftTiifJ-'tl, _„ (V+#+V+t)

(3) iT , o (v+t+v+t)

2

••-.He.”

ffllp], tOTF|5)0 f^Jin:

The structure “—.Hi.” (...as soon as...) can indicate two events happening

one immediately after the other. The two events may or may not share the same subject. For

example:

(1) loo^ifr,

(2) **;L—

“—.Hi.” SSttaRT^ “HH.Hi.” fftiSt,®., “—” jgffi

"Hi” WffilWl, IHoI^IrIo fr\bn:

“—.Hi.” can also mean “if..., then...", in which “—■” is followed by a situation

that indicates a condition, and “Hi” is followed by a situation that would occur under the

condition. The two situations may or may not share the same subject. For example:

(3) &«*&**, A

131

am 2

8 h

r 8

8

(4) StfcfMM'J.

(5) T

• & - & Practice

7cJjSt'n|~5: Complete the sentences.

(1) JL, _. (-.tt.)

(2) . (-.It.)

_. (-.It.)

hh &n

uh$l" , m. An aitisis^, ±S*n£A»|5Ifti*l, “£*” Htfc Wffl:

The adverb “Ê3£" is used in an interrogative sentence or a sentence with an

interrogative word to indicate inquiry and strengthen the interrogative mood. It is often used

in written Chinese. If the subject of the sentence is an interrogative pronoun, can

only be put before it. For example:

(2)

*]*», 4l4-£*^«£?

i£**

• — & Practice

TEfiScÛ"? Complete the sentences.

(1) , T^ÂT1^T>I5]^S®f0 (St*)

(2) _. (**)

(3) ft ffi£-KM.i±20^, _0 (**)

tt ~ tt Comparej —UiK

3$, in3a*|5|«ô iitMM-NftisJ, PJ/K" RM

132

Similarity: Both can be used as adverbs in interrogative sentences or sentences with an

interrogative word to indicate inquiry and strengthen the interrogative mood.

Both can only be put before the subject if the subject is an interrogative pronoun.

£ t Hit t it £ ■£/*'!

“SJ/is” M, £* “-MS*, SIS;

Differences: “flM” can be used as a verb, meaning “till the end”, while “jEtS” has no such

usage.

«,©****Uk,

£4fc#;k.Ttt7.

• W - W Drills

Tick or cross

I'M

(i) 7, tm i/ s/

X V

#, 4M-&,_A^iL*|S]4|7?

(4) **T!g#

__ , **r*ir*aD_ (5) it\* *.**/£?!


**1: ©#i£EW+£lT-fiH2>-? £***$?

0 i#-£VjtiUjLHl«I A± T -ft & £«.? ^ > -fcBf fa]

O fef] £ B+fe-tH/F^C A? *> fl- & ?

1**3: 0 •£*¥&^«p ^ $ ,t- £ #?

133

»3S

kS

§

HSK 4 (t ) Standard Course 4 (B)

g>[M _

Texts - +S|t*j:)tM^5500

«: — db^

&T„ &pr3UMT#.&, #*J4.fc, *£ it#*, «dbÂ*M-M„ J5>h i$)^‘^db^'^-i-S-s‘-t!L^r-fRdc^lg] 0 tt-bo

SL&JifcAîfr-S-

£ie]

21.« ke

m. used for plants

22.® tang

n. soup

23. *fi£ duihua

v. to have a dialogue

24. #il@ putonghua

n. Mandarin Chinese

5 V . 20-5

— Â^TUtf"] — %.-£■-& ft.4t, ^

<•t„ iiMutM, £^dU6-4f-fr#, ^

£0 -%#fe*fc3r

**»«.*. •«&.*# Jl, \S-%-*fi£^^44^#J.#-#0 ^

;JL&-ft% $-Js, &,dP'£-tftzfW/(g-*&Jn&

£id!

25. /jMfe xiaochi

n. small and cheap dishes

26. shoushi

v. to put in order, to pack

27. ,+,S chufa

v. to depart, to set off

28. M Id

adj. hot, spicy

29.# xiang

adj. fragrant, scented

30.® suan

adj. sour, tart

134

ig-Si Texts In Plnyln

4

Zhongguo nan bdi juli yue wuqian wubdi gongIT, yTncI nan bdi qihdu y6u hdn dd

qubie. Mdi nidn san-si yudfdn de shi'hou, rugud cdng beifang zud hudche dao ndnfdng qu

luydu, yii lu shang nl hui faxidn, bu tong de difang you bu tdng de fengjing: chuangwdi

de shu yi ke yi ke de bidn lu, beifang ydxu hai xidzhe xue. ndnfdng que yijlng ddochu dou

shi lusd le. Ndnfdng cdi hdn ydu tedidn, tebid shi tdng, weidao xianmdi, hen dud beifang

rdn dou xihuan he. Lingwdi, ndnfdng he bdifdng de yuydn ye ydu hen dd bu tdng. Bird ni

gen Shanghai ren dui hud shi, hui fdxian Shanghai hud ting qilai jiu xidng waiyu yiydng.

Suirdn Shanghai ren ye hui jidng putonghud. kdshi zTxi ting, haishi ydu Shdnghdi weir.

5

Yi ge rdn ydu shijian yiding yao qu luxing, luxing bujin neng fengfu yi ge ren de

jingli, erqie shi hdn hao de jidnyd fangfd. Dan dui wd Idi shuo, zui zhongydo de shi luxing

ndng rang wd ydu jihui changdao ge di yduming de xidochi. Fang jid de shihou, wd hui

shoushi hdo xingli, daishang ditu, mdi zhang hudchepido, xidng mudidi chufd. Shuoqi chi

de dongxi, gdi wd yinxidng zui shen de shi Hunan cdi. Hunan cai de tedidn jiu shi Id, yu

qita difang de Id bu tdng, Hundn cdi de 1a zhuydo shi xidn Id. xidng Id he sudn 1a. Suiran

qudngud ge di dou ydu Hundn fdngudnr, dan zuihao haishi zhijie qu nali chdng yi chdng.

Mdi ci luxing jieshu hou, wd dou hui jingshen baibei de kdishi wd de gongzuo.

Notes , nbm,

Mia-. The verb “<£3(6” can be used after another verb as a complement of direction,

indicating an upward movement, or extendedly, indicating the beginning and continuation

of an action or the speaker’s comment on a certain aspect of somebody or something. For

example:

(1) £.mfL3Usi\

(2) tlfVf,

(3) #.

135

HSK im&m 4 (t) Standard Course 4 (B)

• % ~ & Practice


(1) ***«*#.£**«*, . (&*)

(2) _. (fe*)

(3) _o («)

5

‘•v+ar “ta, au w, ffi. WU @+Z” “V+&” MffiHJS8&*r«^o »:

The structure “V + >£2” introduces the thing that an action involves. The verb is

usually one of the few transitive verbs “i£" (to speak), “ijfc” (to talk), "ijf” (to speak), “f5]” (to

ask), “:jg” (to mention), "®P" (to chat), and “HIIZ” (to recall), etc. The structure is usually

followed by a noun. For example:

(2) ty&aWinsS-ifc*, T^T„

• ^ — % Practice


(1) , k%.,&JLt-BLXMi6o (v+fc)

(2) „ (v+&)

(3) *.*e,£i±-tr1-p*7, . (V+&)


«4: =-&fair fan, *P*£4t? *H+£?

«5: ©# “■&” *.*,

136

I

20

s§

~S\ H Retell the dialogues.

Exercises iifcfci: :

-fr #]-}£•-, .

if £2:

if £3: ScJWWSHt:

iSAAiiA-i-fffMMfBtWffitf , .

9| Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.

to mm *hs to w

o*?, ®#s 4,^n4w&«yfcii*t«, a-fÂAH, ajm^caism

• fSiWiHof-f,_tt'J'#j, A*«

i—&,

JR. frttitfcillifc.

©“**]*, 4Ui**«!£#*3. iffiVLto

9 *■?#.*■**, A#4Mfc*, MM

a+TO^ , A

«« to Wiia t®B

©A: if(«$_*+*#***&2#?

b-. Aitikil*, H*A4*i£T*LfcBtfll, *te*T>AT.

• AÂAJTitfcirf&fc#?

Mo

©A:-j'i^, °/r-il^ tb a 6^ at fa]_T?

137

SK

DÎS

It

HSK imwm4(T)


BM\ *, -f— #!

4,-teHft

Jf" m f^l^iql Words with the Same Character

Expansion tfrte- m

(1) , M&.&#LA1k—'H*L3C.#*p#«$fc£0

(2) &&#.—Fa^^^4-l'^, Wi£*.tf#itrfr*»0LRo §

(3) +»*.&&«&• ft *1 + 4$*, #*.#■—

(5)Wait-’-i '**’ , *W1%

• «-« Drills


™ m « ft®

©«, iifli .t-±Mf^*j-, iHS*—T,

fc, itltWl-T.

• ii$}*£ftT£flI^\6JL']'«>l*, 4-fi]S-ftL-f-

*, TkXitfrjifl, *Jfc4fcft.,

©ft+N*t*

MM_ftn**,

138

20

EH 2XA/Sa«l!j Pair Work

Application

Learn about each other’s knowledge of the south and north of China respectively, and

complete the questionnaire below.

□ «

1 (-fe* *.)

2

3 #"5j? -jMfc

*r*AM;*NJL

4

£*1.

5 JtTrii#

S.3|]*b,j£AM7*L^-? IflMt**}?

2 /h*a>£^ Group Work

$igi, wamje

fi£%V\s%T3kmm‘\L,

wwmmtikmBttio () Travelling not only enriches our knowledge and experience, but is also a good way to relax.

Some trips may give you a good memory, and some others make you regret you’ve had

them. Which is your most memorable trip? Tell your group members about it. (Use at least

four of the following structures.)

a. Lit-io

b.

c. A-f-tTz

d. nr-fluta*]

f.

g. M*p ***.<$&

h. fiiitWfe

139

M2

)3h

-B8

HSK wm&m4 m Standard Course 4 (Bl

CULTURE

@0*1'A'Ethnic Minorities in China

g+afcAnd^BAAnM9o%KJLt. iA»iifi!jR«o mm, Aamtwp, fc'WRRJJL

tiiiKmfp. fcifaawRiiE»w, a IMBSEth Shu

a®, m^m, aikARffi±stBrw#tu*0 £T®«ARre±,

ftM&mw&ami&mtto China is a multi-ethnic country with 56 ethnic groups, among which the Han Chinese, as the biggest

ethnic group, accounts for above 90% of the total population. The other 55 ethnic groups, including the

Mongolians, the Tibetans and the Huis. are called ethnic minorities because of their relatively small

populations. Each ethnic group has its own distinctive culture and history. They wear their unique ethnic

costumes and exquisite ethnic adornments, perform beautiful ethnic dances, eat savory ethnic foods, speak

their own languages and celebrate various ethnic festivals. China has 56 ethnic groups, but the languages

spoken there are more than 56. Statistics show that there are over 80 languages currently used in China.

Among them the top 4 most frequently used languages and characters of the ethnic minorities are respectively

the Zhuang language, the Uygur language, the Mongolian and the Tibetan language, which can be seen

on Renminbi banknotes. Can you guess which ethnic minorities are the four languages on the following

banknote used by respectively? Identify them one by one.

140

bdshi n. doctor (academic degree) 16

-Sp^ bufen n. part 13

C

* cai v to guess 11

canguan V. to visit, to look around 16

$rfr canting restaurant 13

mffr cesud n. lavatory, toilet 15

* chdng m. usedfor sports or recreational events, etc. 19

chdngzuo v. to take (a vehicle), to ride (in a vehicle) 14

-it* chi jlng V. to be surprised, to be shocked 13

tb£ chu chai V. to go on a business trip 14

| AiK. chufa V. to depart, to set off 20

it 4 chusheng V. to be bom 19

n* chufang n. kitchen 19

| ft* chuanzhen V. to send by fax 16

cfyu n. word, expression 11

cOxTn adj. careless, thoughtless 15

* cun V. to store, to keep 20

48tH cuowu adj. wrong 13

D

+r&- ddban v. to dress up, to deck out 20

tr*? ddyin V. to print out 19

dd zhaohu to greet, to say hello 19

*r4t da zhen V. to give or have an injection 15

;t<8. ddgai adv. roughly, approximately 13

dayue adv. approximately, about 13

* ddi V. to wear (accessories) 19

77 ddo n. knife 19

ddoyou n. tour guide 16

daodi adv. (used in questions for emphasis)... on earth 16

#1 ddo adv. (used to indicate contrast) yet, actually 17

[itlt ddo qidn V. to apologize 19

deyi adj. complacent, gloating 14

dengjipai n. boarding pass 20

A di n. bottom, base 17

142

didian n. place, site 18

dlqiu n. earth, globe 14

i&hL dlzhT n. address 18

& diu v. to throw, to cast 14

*fi£ duihud V. to have a dialogue 20

xt Si duimian n. opposite, across 20

*J-f duiyu prep. for, to, with regard to 12

E

Jl* drtdng n. children 15

F

fangdong n. landlord/landlady 19

fang shujia to be on summer vacation 17

£'B’J fduze conj. or, otherwise 11

| fuqin n. father 15

4+lfc fu kuan to pay a sum of money 18

4l*p fuy'm v. to photocopy, to xerox 19

a.* fuzd adj. complicated 11

G

gan bei V. to drink a toast 20

* gdn V. to rush for, to hurry 15

* gdn V. to dare 16

■f gan V. to do, to act 17

a&i*£■*■ gaosu gonglu expressway 20

gebo n. arm 19

-&-J. gongli m. kilometer 17

gongfu n. kung fu 19

AtM gull v. to encourage 14

guy' adv. intentionally, on purpose 15

* gud V. to hang, to put up 16

XJIA guanzhong n. audience 13

f-a gudnli V. to manage, to administer 15

/■* gudngbo n. broadcast, radio program 17

guiding n. rule, regulation 12

s* guoji n. nationality, citizenship 19

H

#>f hdiydng n. sea, ocean 17

143

tJL hoixiu V. to be shy, to be timid 15

hdnjid n. winter vacation 15

At# hongban n. scheduled flight 20

** haoma n. number 16

hege adj. qualified, up to standard 20

4-it heshi adj. fit, suitable 15

hezi n. box, case 14

h6u adj. deep, profound 13

r hulidnwang n. Internet 13

hushi n. nurse 15

huaiyi V. to suspect, to doubt 15

»*. hubpo adj. lively, vivacious 17

1 *. hu6 adj. hot, popular 18

j

| 4Mii jTchu n. basis, foundation 13

jldbng adj. excited, emotional 16

iZJt jizhe n. journalist, reporter 16

&* jishu n. technology 18

@tjK jlran conj. since, as, now that 14

M*£ j'lXU V. to go on, to continue 13

•faith 3£ jiayouzhan n. gas station 20

m ji6 adj. false, fake 15

-A-y jianshao V. to reduce, to decrease 14

jiangluo V. to descend, to land 18

jiaotong n. traffic, communication 18

SPE jiaoqii n. suburb, outskirts 16

«Nfc jiao’ao adj. arrogant, conceited 15

tt-T- jiaozi n. jiaozi, dumpling 19

*T jidoyu v. to educate 12

r#* jiezhe adv. then, immediately after that 18

r jie m. section, length 12

MFfc jieyue V. to economize, to save 12

## jifesh'i v. to explain 12

i4-ft jinxing V. to conduct, to carry out 13

f #jt jinzhi V. to prohibit, to forbid 19

144

%* 1 jlngju n. Beijing opera 13

mi jTngcdi adj. wonderful, splendid 11

X jlngcha n. police 18

r** jingzheng V. lo compete 17

X %.± jiujing adv. (used in questions for emphasis) exactly 20

*■ ju V. to give, to enumerate 18

jujue V. to refuse, to reject 14

K

kaixin adj. happy, glad 13

kdnfa n. viewpoint, opinion 11

kaoya n. roast duck 20

| * ke m. used for plants 20

^r+4- kelian adj. pitiable, poor 20

kexT adj. pitiful, regretful 12

■$.n kiting n. living room 11

£ kong adj. empty 14

S'te kongpa adv. (indicating an estimation) I guess... 16

* kti adj. bitter 13

kudngquanshul n. i mineral water 18

L

tz&M IdjTtdng n. dustbin, trash can 14

Id adj. hot, spicy 20

laidejf V. there’s still time (to do sth.) 11

Idizi V. to be from 13

«ft Idn adj. lazy 15

Idohu n. tiger 17

Idngjing adj. calm, composed 16

*Ufe ITmdo n. polite 16

II fd V. to get a haircut 19

i>K liqi n. physical strength, effort 12

fit lihai adj. awesome, serious 11

it lion prep. even 11

lldngkual adj. pleasantly cool 17

lingqian n. small change 19

&#'] Hull adj. fluent 11

IQxi'ng V. to travel, to tour 20

M

mdhu adj. careless, slipshod 16

-i. mao n. hair, fur 17

mdojin n. towel 14

Abh meili adj. beautiful 14

* meng n. dream 17

i£& mi lu v. to lose one’s way 18 —

mima n. password 18

*>■ miao m. second, 1/60 minute 18

mfnzu n. nationality, ethnic group 20

a tfi mudi n. aim, purpose 14

N

%■£ nanshou adj. sad, unhappy 17

neirong n. content 11

* nong v. to do, to make 15

nudn adj. warm 14

nuanhuo adj. warm 17

o

du’Sr adv. occasionally, once in a while 13

P

#FA pdi dui V. to form a line, to line up 17

#*] pdilie V. to put in order, to arrange 17

■jtt^ piping V. to criticize 15

% pian V. to cheat, to deceive 15

pTngpangqiu n. table tennis, ping-pong 19

4fc po adj. broken, tom 19

pubidn adj. universal, common 13

#it-» putonghud n. Mandarin Chinese 20

Q

qianwan adv. must, to be sure to 15

&i£ qidnzheng n. visa 16

L* qiao v. to knock, to beat, to strike 15

| # qiao n. bridge 18

quanbu n. all, whole 12

146

rdn’er conj. but, however ..

rdnao adj. busy, bustling 17

renwu n. task, mission 12

in reng v- to throw away 14

•P5& rengran adv. still, yet 17

ail rip n. diary, journal 18

A. O rukou n. entrance 17

s r** senlin n. forest 17

ft* shangliong V. to discuss, to consult 12

shaowei adv. a little, slightly 13

*j (-?) shdo (zi) n. spoon 12

shehui n. society 17

+ * shenqing v. to apply for 13

shdng n. province 13

[£ shdng V. to save, to economize 14

« sheng v. to be left over, to remain 17

*.* shlwdng V. disappointed 16

shifen adv. very, extremely 13

Ut« shiyong V. to use 12

■*fc shlji n. century 18

shifou adv. if, whether 18

r>nc shou V. to receive 18

shoushi V. to put in order, to pack 20

r** shdudu n. capital (of a country) 20

&*T shdubulido cannot stand, cannot bear 18

«r shu V. to lose, to suffer defeat 16

hit* shuliang n. quantity, amount 14

shunxu n. order, sequence 11

ft sT adj. rigid, inflexible "iri 1 itA siidii n. speed 14

suliaodai n. plastic bag 14

suan adj. sour, tart 20

hUk sufzhe prep. along with, as 13

147

sunzi n. grandson 15

T

tdi V. to lift, to raise 19

tan gdngqm to play the piano 15

tang n. soup 20

ML tang m. (usedfar a round trip) time 17

•it-ife taolun V. to discuss, to talk over 13

tidn kong v. to fill in a blank 11

ting V. to stop, to cease 14

Pitt tongqfng V. to show sympathy for 16

P]Bt tongshi conj. at the same time, meanwhile 11

tuT v. to put off, to postpone 16

tulchi V. to postpone, to delay 20

«L tuo V. to take off 19

W

Hi£ wdngzhcin n. website 18

Alik- weixidn adj. dangerous 18

iifil weishengjian n. restroom, bathroom 14

a/t wendu n. temperature 14

*.* wenzhang n. essay, article 11

rf& wurdn V. to pollute 14

JL wu V. not to have, to be without 12

JL& wu fa v. cannot to, to be unable (to do sth.) 12

wulun conj. regardless of, no matter (what, how, when, etc.) 11

«£■ wiihui n. misunderstanding 12

X

A xidn adj. salty 18

4a .6- xiangfan conj. on the contrary 12

4a n xiangtong adj. same 11

L±_ xiang adj. fragrant, scented 20

xiangx'i adj. detailed 12

•A xidng V. to sound, to ring 15

[ *»fc xiaochT n. small and cheap dishes 20

'J'tttt xiaohuozi n. young man 16

*« 1___ xiaohua n. joke 20

148

xinfeng n. envelope 18

•ft A xinxT n. news, information 18

-fr xing V. to be OK, to be all right 14

piK xing V. to wake up, to be awake 15

■ft#] xingbie n. sex, gender 19

MMB xueqi n. term, semester 19

Y

pF? ydgdo n. toothpaste 14

* ya part. a variant of the interjection “W, used at the end

of a question to soften the tone 16

/»#■ ydngd adj. strict, rigorous 17

it yan n. salt 12

*Mfc ydnjing n. glasses, spectacles 19

»* ydnchu V. to perform, to put on (a show) 13

*1 yanyudn ■ - n. actor/actress 13

yangcheng V. to develop, to form 11

yaoshi n. key 20

yexu adv. maybe, perhaps 12

•f-T- yezi n. leaf 12

15 ye m. page 11

vA yi prep. via, by means of 14

£-9L yijidn n. opinion, suggestion 12

?lfe yinql v. to cause, to lead to 12

til you prep. by (sb.) 13

yduju n. post office 18

A# yduhdo adj. friendly 12

## yduqu adj. interesting, fun 13

■f* yushi conj. hence, therefore 14

33-M*. yumaoqiu n. badminton 19

** yufd n. grammar 11

yuydn n. language 12

mi yiixi V. to prepare lessons before class 16

frit yudnlidng v. to forgive 16

W£ yuedu v. to read 11

* |_ yun n. cloud 17

yunxu V. to allow, to permit 18

z zdzhi n. magazine 11

fli zang adj. dirty 14

zengjia V. to increase, to add 11

zhdnxidn V. (of a telephone line) to be busy, to be engaged 19

JR zhdo V. to take a picture, to photograph 17

■ ** zhdngli V. to tidy up, to arrange 15

if zhdngchdng adj. normal, regular 13

zhl part. connecting the modifier and the word modified 11

fiL# zhijie adj. direct, straight 12

zhlhdo adv. cannot but, to be forced to 11

zhiddi n. paper bag 13

f zhong adj. heavy, weighty 14

fi. zhongdidn n. focal point, emphasis 16

*«. zhdngshi v. to attach importance to 16

zhuhe v. to congratulate 20

#4; zhuming adj. famous, well-known 11

4* zhudn V. to turn, to shift 19

zhunque adj. accurate, precise 11

•frfto ZIXI adj. careful, meticulous 12

il-lt zixin adj. self-confident 16

* zu V. to rent, to lease 19

** zunzhong V. to respect 16

zudyou n. around, or so 15

-ftffl zudyong n. function 12

#* zuozhe n. author 18

A zuo m. usedfor bridges, mountains, buildings, etc. 18

Jk*3- zudwei n. seat 19

150

Proper Nouns

is]® Word/Phrase Pinyin

TSi X. Meaning

i Lesson

A

Anna name of a person 17

C

K&. Chdngchdng the Great Wall 17

Chang Jiang Yangtze River, the longest river in China 20

Chdngjidng Ddqido Yangtze River Bridge (in Nanjing)

D

Dawei name of a person 11

G

r & % Guangdong Sheng Guangdong, a province of China 13

L

Liuyl Ertongjie Intemalionod Children's Pay 17

S

Shdudu Jlchdng Beijing Capital International Airport

X

Xiang Shan the Fragrant Hill (in Beijing) 17

EHHHl] Words Not Included in the Syllabus

»* Witt wise mi

Word/Phrase Pinyin Part of Speech Meaning Lesson Level

c *i.y chdo adj. noisy 19

D

dadao V. to reach, to attain 12

ddibido V. to represent, to stand for 16

F

fdngshi n. way, mode 18

G

•ft guai adv. rather, quite 20 —

M

*£^Jl M&irenyu n. mermaid 17 —

N

naozhong n. alarm clock 15 —

S

shi ban gong bei to achieve twice the result with

half the effort 12 —

w L***§ wuddo n. dance 19

z zhua V. to catch, to arrest 18 £«.

152

New Words Made Up of Characters Learned before

From This Book

10? Learned Characters

rmT Wtt if]& iSIHI

I New Word Pinyin Part of Speech Meaning Lesson

lo become

to go on a spring outing 3 fc'%-

gai

gudnzhu

hdi

huonbdo

jfte_ jiayou

jian

jidnqing

lajT

lifddidn

liangcha

9

meihao

to change

to pay close attention to

H

sea

to protect the environment

J

extremely

to make a greater effort

to subtract

to lighten, to alleviate

K

science and technology

L_

rubbish

barbershop

Chinese herbal tea

another, other

M

fine, good

TT-%,

W-k o

f-

hsk 4 b standard course - archive 4b... · 2019. 4. 16. · ddwei: nt idi zhongguo cai yi nidn,...

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