hukum- kirchoff i & ii
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![Page 1: Hukum- Kirchoff I & II](https://reader031.vdocuments.pub/reader031/viewer/2022012303/55cf9a97550346d033a27d18/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
HUKUM KIRCHOFF I & IIDalam Simulasi ini terdapat 4 ( empat ) Worksheet :
1. Worksheet " K I ", berisi :1.1. Menghitung Arus Total dari Percabangan Saluran listrik
- Pilihan-pilihan yang tersedia di dalam Combo ( ) yaitu,
> Arus : 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 100
> Kondisi Cos Q Beban : Lead ; Lag
- Diagram Rangkaian Beban
- Diagram Vektor ARUS
1.2. Menghitung ARUS NETRAL dari beban 3 FASA
- Pilihan-pilihan yang tersedia di dalam Combo ( ) yaitu,
> Arus : 150 ; 160 ;170 ; 180 ; 190 ; 200
- Diagram Vektor ARUS
2. Worksheet " K II ", berisi :
Menghitung TEGANGAN BEBAN dan RUGI TEGANGAN.
- Pilihan-pilihan yang tersedia di dalam Combo ( ) yaitu,
> R penghantar : 1,5 ; 1,2 ; 1 ; 0,8 ; 0,6 ; 0,3 ; 0,2
> Arus : 10 ; 15 ;20 ; 25; 30 ; 40 Amp
- Diagram Rangkaian Beban
- Diagram Vektor Tegangan
3 Worksheet " K I,K II. P ", berkaitan dengan Worksheet " K I,K II. V ",
Berisi,
Hitungan TEGANGAN BEBAN, ARUS BEBAN dan RUGI TEGANGAN.
- Pilihan-pilihan yang tersedia di dalam Combo ( ) yaitu,
- Diagram Rangkaian Beban
- Diagram Vektor Tegangan
4 Worksheet " K I,K II. V ", berkaitan dengan Worksheet " K I,K II, P "
Berisi,
- Diagram Rangkaian Beban
- Pilihan-pilihan yang tersedia di dalam Combo ( ) yaitu,
- Diagram Vektor ARUS
- Diagram Vektor Tegangan
> Cos j Beban : 0,5 ; 0,6 ; 07 ; 0,8 ; 0,9 ; 1
> Cos j Beban : 0,5 ; 0,6 ; 07 ; 0,8 ; 0,9 ; 1
> Cos j Sumber : 0,7 ; 0,75 ; 0,8 ; 0,85 ; 0,9 ; 1
> R penghantar : 0,2 ; 0,15 ; 0,12 ; 0,1. Ohm
> BEBAN TERPASANG : 300 ; 600 ; 900 ; 1.200 ; 1.500 WATT.
> Cos j BEBAN TERPASANG : 0,7 ; 0,75 ; 0,8 ; 0,85 ; 0,9 ; 1
> R penghantar : 0,2 ; 0,15 ; 0,12 ; 0,1. Ohm
> BEBAN TERPASANG : 300 ; 600 ; 900 ; 1.200 ; 1.500 WATT.
> Cos j BEBAN TERPASANG : 0,7 ; 0,75 ; 0,8 ; 0,85 ; 0,9 ; 1
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1
1. Menghitung ARUS TOTAL dari percabangan saluran listrik.
60 Amp.
1 Lag
100 Amp. 209.62
0.5 Lag 0.76
70 Amp.
0.7 Lag
Uraian I Sudut I Sudut φ
60.00 1.00 Lag 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.00 0.00
100.00 0.50 Lag -60.00 60.00 -0.87 50.00 -86.60
70.00 0.70 Lag -45.57 45.57 -0.71 49.00 -49.99
209.62 0.76 Lag -40.66 40.66 -0.65 159.00 -136.59
CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF I
2. Menghitung ARUS NETRAL dari beban 3 FASA
PERHITUNGAN ARUS NETRAL
URAIAN R S T N
V : 220 220 220 -----
90 -30 -150 -----
V X : 0.00 190.53 -190.53 -----
V Y : 220.00 -110.00 -110.00 -----
I : 150 150 150 116.19
0.70 0.70 1.00 -----
45.57 45.57 0.00 -----
44.43 -75.57 -150.00 -82.79
I1 =
Cos φ1 =
I2 = IT =
Cos φ2 = Cos φT =
I3 =
Cos φ3 =
Cos φ (Lead/Lag) Sin∟I I R I X
I1 =
I2 =
I3 =
IT =
Sdt VX :
Cos j :
Sdt j :
Sdt IX :
VR VS VT IR IS IT In is it
VR
VT
120O
120O
+Y
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CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF I
VR VS VT IR IS IT In is it
VS
120O
+X
I1 I2 I3 It
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CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF II
1. Menghitung TEGANGAN BEBAN dan RUGI TEGANGAN.
R penghantar = 0.80 Ω
I = 30 Amp.Sudut : 0.00
V B-C = 183.87V A-D = 220 V. Cosφ = 0.70Cosφ = 0.80
R penghantar = 0.80 Ω
O
BE
BA
N
A B
D C
V A-B V B-C V C-D V A-D
Y
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CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF I & II ( Menghitung TEGANGAN BEBAN, ARUS BEBAN dan RUGI TEGANGAN di PENGHANTAR )
R pengh : AB, BC, CD, DE, EF, FG, GH, HI, IJ, JK, KL = 0.20
34.46 29.31
Cosφ : 0.82 5.26 A 9.44 A
Bbn t'psg (W) : 7,200 Cosφ : 0.90 Cosφ : 0.60
Bbn t'pki (W) : 6,240.1
220 V
Bbn t'psg : 1,200 W Bbn t'psg : 1,500 W
Cosφ t'psg : 0.90 Cosφ t'psg : 0.60
Bbn t'pki : 989 W Bbn t'pki : 1,132 W
208.8 V 199.8 V
BEBAN terpasang ( LAMPU )
LOKASI di P ( watt ) Cosφ Sdtφ
Rmh 1 1,200 0.90 25.84
Rmh 2 1,500 0.60 53.13
Rmh 3 1,500 0.70 45.57
Rmh 4 1,500 0.80 36.87
Rmh 5 1,500 0.90 25.84
PERHITUNGAN ARUS, TEGANGAN dan BEBAN
- Persamaan Loop -
I Total : I BC :
I 1 : I 2 :
VAL =
V BK = V CJ =
A
Rmh1
Rmh2
JL K
CBL.1
L.2
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Pers Loop I :
Pers Loop II :
Pers Loop III :
Pers Loop IV :
Pers Loop V :
Loop 1 Loop 2 Loop 3 Loop 4
x y x y x y x y
I1 36.108 17.3 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0
I2 0.4 0.0 13.5 16.9 0.8 0.0 0.8 0.0
I3 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.0 18.5 17.6 1.2 0.0
I4 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.0 1.2 0.0 24.2 16.9
I5 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.0 1.2 0.0 1.6 0.0
Matriks IMPEDANSI
36.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 -17.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.4 13.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.0 -16.9 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.8 18.5 1.2 1.2 0.0 0.0 -17.6 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.8 1.2 24.2 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.9 0.0
0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 30.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -13.8
17.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 36.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.0 16.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 13.5 0.8 0.8 0.8
0.0 0.0 17.6 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.8 18.5 1.2 1.2
0.0 0.0 0.0 16.9 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 24.2 1.6
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.8 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 30.6
ARUS
Uraian
VAL = I1.(2Rp+Z1) + I2.(2Rp) + I3.(2Rp) + I4.(2Rp) + I5.(2Rp)
VAL = I1.(2Rp) + I2.(4Rp+Z2) + I3.(4Rp) + I4.(4Rp) + I5.(4Rp)
VAL = I1.(2Rp) + I2.(4Rp) + I3.(6Rp+Z3) + I4.(6Rp) + I5.(6Rp)
VAL = I1.(2Rp) + I2.(4Rp) + I3.(6Rp) + I4.(8Rp+Z4) + I5.(8Rp)
VAL = I1.(2Rp) + I2.(4Rp) + I3.(6Rp) + I4.(8Rp) + I5.(10Rp+Z5)
I Tot I 1 I BC I 2 I CD I 3 I DE I 4 I EF
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I 34.5 5.3 29.3 9.4 20.2 7.8 12.5 6.7 5.9
Sdt I -34.6 -23.7 -36.6 -48.9 -30.8 -39.9 -25.2 -30.5 -19.1
28.4 4.8 23.5 6.2 17.3 6.0 11.3 5.8 5.6
-19.6 -2.1 -17.5 -7.1 -10.3 -5.0 -5.3 -3.4 -1.9
BEBAN TERPAKAI PER RUMAH
URAIANV I
(Volt) (Amp)
Rmh 1 208.80 5.26
Rmh 2 199.79 9.44
Rmh 3 193.23 7.83
Rmh 4 188.95 6.70
Rmh 5 186.83 5.89
BEBAN220.00 34.46
SUMBER
1 0.2
0.15
0.12
0.1
IX
IY
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CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF I & II ( Menghitung TEGANGAN BEBAN, ARUS BEBAN dan RUGI TEGANGAN di PENGHANTAR )
Ω
20.19 12.52 5.89
7.83 A 6.70 A 5.89
Cosφ : 0.70 Cosφ : 0.80 Cosφ : 0.90
Bbn t'psg : 1,500 W Bbn t'psg : 1,500 W Bbn t'psg : 1,500
Cosφ t'psg : 0.70 Cosφ t'psg : 0.80 Cosφ t'psg : 0.90
Bbn t'pki : 1,059 W Bbn t'pki : 1,012 W Bbn t'pki : 990
193.2 V 188.9 V 186.8
BEBAN terpasang ( LAMPU )
Sdtφ Sinφ S ( VA ) Z ( Ω ) R jX
25.84 0.44 1,333.33 39.68 35.71 17.29
53.13 0.80 2,500.00 21.16 12.70 16.93
45.57 0.71 2,142.86 24.69 17.28 17.63
36.87 0.60 1,875.00 28.21 22.57 16.93
25.84 0.44 1,666.67 31.74 28.57 13.84
PERHITUNGAN ARUS, TEGANGAN dan BEBAN
- Persamaan Loop -
I CD : I DE : I EF :
I 3 : I 4 : I 5 :
V DI = V EH = V FG =
Rmh3
Rmh4
Rmh5
D E F
GHI
L.3 L.4 L.5
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Loop 5 TEGANGAN SUMBER
x y V SDT Vx Vy
0.4 0.0 220 0.00 220 0.00
0.8 0.0 220 0.00 220 0.00
1.2 0.0 220 0.00 220 0.00
1.6 0.0 220 0.00 220 0.00
30.6 13.8 220 0.00 220 0.00
Matriks INVERSE IMPEDANSI V
0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 220
0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 220
0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 220
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 220
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 220
-0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00
ARUS TEGANGAN
Uraian
+ I2.(2Rp) + I3.(2Rp) + I4.(2Rp) + I5.(2Rp)
I1.(2Rp) + I2.(4Rp+Z2) + I3.(4Rp) + I4.(4Rp) + I5.(4Rp)
I1.(2Rp) + I2.(4Rp) + I3.(6Rp+Z3) + I4.(6Rp) + I5.(6Rp)
I1.(2Rp) + I2.(4Rp) + I3.(6Rp) + I4.(8Rp+Z4) + I5.(8Rp)
I1.(2Rp) + I2.(4Rp) + I3.(6Rp) + I4.(8Rp) + I5.(10Rp+Z5)
I 5 VAL VAB-KL VBK VBC-JK VCJ VCD-IJ VDI VDE-HI VEH
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5.9 V 220 13.8 209 11.7 200 8.1 193 5.0 189
-19.1 Sdt V 0.0 -34.6 2.1 -36.6 4.3 -30.8 5.6 -25.2 6.4
5.6 220 11.3 209 9.4 199 6.9 192 4.5 188
-1.9 0.00 -7.8 7.8 -7.0 14.8 -4.1 19.0 -2.1 21.1
BEBAN TERPAKAI PER RUMAH
Sdt φ Cos φ P S
(W) (VA)
25.84 0.90 988.99 1098.88
53.13 0.60 1131.80 1886.33
45.57 0.70 1058.78 1512.54
36.87 0.80 1012.34 1265.42
25.84 0.90 989.73 1099.70
34.61 0.82 6,240.1 7,582.0
VX
VY
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CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF I & II ( Menghitung TEGANGAN BEBAN, ARUS BEBAN dan RUGI TEGANGAN di PENGHANTAR )
VR
10 6
A 300 15
600 20
1000 25
1500 30
2000 40
W
W
0.7 5
0.75
0.8
V
150
300 4 0.5 5
600 5 0.6 2
900 5 0.7 3
1200 5 0.8 4
1500 5 0.9 5
1
Rmh5
F
G
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I
4.819
6.21
6
5.773
5.561
-2.11
-7.11
-5.03
-3.4
-1.93
TEGANGAN
VEF-GH VFG
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2.4 187
-19.1 6.7
2.2 186
-0.8 21.9
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CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF I & II ( VEKTOR ARUS dan VEKTOR TEGANGAN )
R pengh : AB, BC, CD, DE, EF, FG, GH, HI, IJ, JK, KL = 0.20 Ω
34.46 20.16
Cosφ : 0.82 5.26 A 9.44 ABbn t'psg (W) : 7,200 Cosφ : 0.90 Cosφ : 0.60 Cosφ :
Bbn t'pki (W) : 6,240
220 VBbn t'psg : 1,200 W Bbn t'psg : 1,500 W Bbn t'psg :
Cosφ t'psg : 0.90 Cosφ t'psg : 0.60 Cosφ t'psg :Bbn t'pki : 989 W Bbn t'pki : 1,132 W Bbn t'pki :
212.5 V 206.0 V
I Total : I BC : I CD :
I 1 : I 2 :
VAL =
VBK = VCJ =
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
-21.00
-18.00
-15.00
-12.00
-9.00
-6.00
-3.00
0.00
3.00Diagram VEKTOR ARUS
I Tot I 1 I BC I 2 I CD I 3 I DE I 4 I 5
A
Rmh1
Rmh2
JL K
CB
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Uraian I Sdt I IX Iy
5.26 -23.69 4.82 -2.11
9.44 -48.88 6.21 -7.11
7.83 -39.94 6.00 -5.03
6.70 -30.46 5.77 -3.40
5.89 -19.12 5.56 -1.93
34.46 -34.61 28.36 -19.58
Sdt φ = 34.61 Cos φ = 0.82
ARUS
X 0.00 0.00 4.82 4.82 11.03 11.03 17.03 17.03 22.80
28.36 4.82 28.36 11.03 28.36 17.03 28.36 22.80 28.36
Y0.00 0.00 -2.11 -2.11 -9.23 -9.23 -14.25 -14.25 -17.65
-19.58 -2.11 -19.58 -9.23 -19.58 -14.25 -19.58 -17.65 -19.58
TEGANGAN
KIRCHOFF I ( Σ I = 0 )
ITotal = I1 + I2 + I3 + I4 + I5
I 1
I 2
I 3
I 4
I 5
I Tot
I Tot I 1 I BC I 2 I CD I 3 I DE I 4 I 5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
-21.00
-18.00
-15.00
-12.00
-9.00
-6.00
-3.00
0.00
3.00Diagram VEKTOR ARUS
I Tot I 1 I BC I 2 I CD I 3 I DE I 4 I 5
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X 0.00 0.00 11.35 11.35 20.76 20.76 27.70 27.70 32.23 32.23 34.46
220.00 11.35 220.00 20.76 220.00 27.70 220.00 32.23 220.00 34.46 220.00
Y0.00 0.00 -7.83 -7.83 -14.82 -14.82 -18.95 -18.95 -21.08 -21.08 -21.86
0.00 -7.83 0.00 -14.82 0.00 -18.95 0.00 -21.08 0.00 -21.86 0.00
VAL VAB-KL VBK VBC-JK VCJ VCD-IJ VDI VDE-HI VEH VEF-GH VFG
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CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF I & II ( VEKTOR ARUS dan VEKTOR TEGANGAN )
14.61 13.03 6.12
7.83 A 6.70 A 5.89 ACosφ : 0.70 Cosφ : 0.80 Cosφ : 0.90
Bbn t'psg : 1,500 W Bbn t'psg : 1,500 W Bbn t'psg : 1,500 WCosφ t'psg : 0.70 Cosφ t'psg : 0.80 Cosφ t'psg : 0.90
Bbn t'pki : 1,059 W Bbn t'pki : 1,012 W Bbn t'pki : 990 W
201.1 V 196.6 V 194.4 V
I DE : I EF :
I 3 : I 4 : I 5 :
VDI = VEH = VFG =
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
-21.00
-18.00
-15.00
-12.00
-9.00
-6.00
-3.00
0.00
3.00Diagram VEKTOR ARUS
I Tot I 1 I BC I 2 I CD I 3 I DE I 4 I 5
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
-225.00
-200.00
-175.00
-150.00
-125.00
-100.00
-75.00
-50.00
-25.00
0.00
25.00Diagram VEKTOR TEGANGAN
VAL VAB-KL VBK VBC-JK VCJ VCD-IJ VDI VDE-HI VEH
VEF-GH VFG
Rmh3
Rmh4
Rmh5
D E F
GHI
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Uraian V Sdt V VX Vy
9.61 -37.53 7.62 -5.86
8.06 -34.76 6.62 -4.60
5.84 -28.64 5.13 -2.80
5.21 -27.01 4.64 -2.37
2.45 -20.97 2.29 -0.88
194.39 4.87 193.69 16.50
220.00 0.00 220.00 0.00
KIRCHOFF II ( E = Σ ( I x Z )VAL = VAB-KL + VBC-JK + VCD-IJ + VDE-HI + VEF-GH + VFG
VAB-KL
VBC-JK
VCD-IJ
VDE-HI
VEF-GH
VFG
VAL
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
-21.00
-18.00
-15.00
-12.00
-9.00
-6.00
-3.00
0.00
3.00Diagram VEKTOR ARUS
I Tot I 1 I BC I 2 I CD I 3 I DE I 4 I 5
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
-225.00
-200.00
-175.00
-150.00
-125.00
-100.00
-75.00
-50.00
-25.00
0.00
25.00Diagram VEKTOR TEGANGAN
VAL VAB-KL VBK VBC-JK VCJ VCD-IJ VDI VDE-HI VEH
VEF-GH VFG
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CONTOH PERHITUNGAN HUKUM KIRCHOFF I & II ( VEKTOR ARUS dan VEKTOR TEGANGAN )
31
50 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
-225.00
-200.00
-175.00
-150.00
-125.00
-100.00
-75.00
-50.00
-25.00
0.00
25.00Diagram VEKTOR TEGANGAN
VAL VAB-KL VBK VBC-JK VCJ VCD-IJ VDI VDE-HI VEH
VEF-GH VFG
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0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
-225.00
-200.00
-175.00
-150.00
-125.00
-100.00
-75.00
-50.00
-25.00
0.00
25.00Diagram VEKTOR TEGANGAN
VAL VAB-KL VBK VBC-JK VCJ VCD-IJ VDI VDE-HI VEH
VEF-GH VFG