id 24 indiapics

8/6/2019 ID 24 IndiaPics

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ID 24 Gonzales,Gugol, Jueves


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PREHISTORY


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PALEOLITHIC - hunting gathering lifestyle; usecrude stone tools; lived in caves and rock-sheltersnear rivers

MESOLITHIC- use of tiny tools that had handles outof materials like jasper, agate, carnelian, chalcedony,quartz and flint. The types of tools include blades(sometimes serrated), crescents, triangles, points,

scrappers, etc.

NEOLITHIC- agricultural revolution and use ofground and polished tools like celts, axes, adzes and

hammer-stones


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Rock Paintings done in red stone or haematite

Bhimbhetka rock shelters inMadhaya Pradesh- earliestpaintings from Mesolithic

period; a UNESCO Worldheritage site.

Rock Engravings appear on smooth rock surfaces

open to rain and weather Rock engravings that appear in

Mandori, Gandad and Gharialawhich show human and animalfigures.

Rock Paintings in Bhimbhetka rockshelter, Madhya Pradesh


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PRE-COLONIAL


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Indus Civilization (3000-2000BC)

Vedic Civilization (1500-800BC)

Buddhist India Hindu India

Mogul India (1527-1857)


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1. Puror Royal Fort- defendedtown

2. rampart (Prakara)

3. rammed foundation (Vapra)

4. gateway (Gopura Dvara) withbastions (Attalaka)

5. Broad Road (Mahapatha) divides the city into blocks

6. Houses- two-storey houses hadseveral rooms, a kitchen and abathroom around a courtyard

7. Great Bath (Mangala-Pushkarini)

8. Granary (Koshthagara)9. Assembly Hall (Sabha or

Samthagara)

10. College Royal Palace(Prasada)


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Left: Grey Sandstone DancerRight: Red Sandstone Male Torso

Dancing Girl ofMohenjo-daro.

Bronze

TerracotaFertilityGoddess


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(1500-800BC)

Vedic Civilization


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Aryans- Caucasians that came from the CaucusMountains in the North-West Originally nomadic became partly pastoral and partly

agricultural brought a new language, Sanskrit introduced many of the basic concepts about humanity, life,

the world, and the universe

Vedas- Hindu scriptures which also contained hymnsand prayers addressed to various gods along withdetailed descriptions of for ritual offerings

Vedic period- time period when native Indian beliefswere dominated by those introduced by the Aryans


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1. Huts (grama) - had circular

walls of bamboos coveredwith domical roof of leavesor thatched grass.

2. Bamboo fence/palisade -composed of two uprightposts (thabha) and three

horizontal bars (sanchi)threaded through the holes.

3. Gamadvara, a specialentrance/ primitiveportcullis

Hindu- gopuram (cow-gate)

Buddhist- torana, torii (Jap)and piu-lu (China).

4. Palaces- built during theTimber Era.


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Aryans were AN-ICONIC

Vedic Influence on Indian Art Symbols:

Divinities


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Buddhist India


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Buddhism


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Architectural Forms(Free Standing)

1.Stupa is a burialmound madefrom bricks.


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Rock-Cut Architecture


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1. Memorial/ Ashoka Pillars


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UttarPradesh, Sarnath. 5th C


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Hindu India


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A hit t l F


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Architectural Form


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Mogul India


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What are the differentparts of a Stupa?What are the subdivisionsof the Pre-colonialPeriod?

What are the differentparts of a Hindu Temple?


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Colonial India


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Colonial India

Portuguese

MAIN lt f th B J V lh G


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Colonial India

Reference:

http://image53.webshots.com/153/3/61/7/515936107dbrSAi_ph.jpg

MAIN altar of the Bom Jesus, Velha Goa,with gold-embossed figure of St. IgnatiusLoyola. Baroque Rococo at its dazzling best,wrought by Indian craftsmen.


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Colonial India

In sculpture

fluttering draperies, realistic surfaces and dazzling

metals

Carvings

sculpting church oriented motifs and themes

gold painted wood carving, the challenges ofcrafting ceilings, outsized altars, retable and pulpits


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Colonial IndiaSide-altars, Mapusa (left) andDaman (right)


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Colonial India

Traditional India treated itsbuildings as massive sculpture.


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Colonial India

Carved section of temple complex (above). A rich,living tradition of the Indian craftsmans plastichandling of stone and wood. Inverted-lotus ceilingof Daman church (left).


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Colonial IndiaBaroque-rococo retable, Church of

St. Cajetan, Velha Goa. (LEFT)Side altar, Bom Jesus Church, Velha

Goa. (RIGHT)


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Colonial IndiaMain altar of Church of St. Francis of Assisi (left). Metal-carving of thebrackets in the Jain Temple at Mt. Abu(right).


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Colonial India

Churches

In the evolution of spectacular church interior, the tile

was the dominant decorative element in the first phase,

with gold-painted carved wood confined to the altars

Remarkable Feature: Gilt-richness not only of the focal

area of the sanctuary retable but also of the side-altars,chapels and pulpits.


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Colonial IndiaChurch Interior, village of Sta. Cruz


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Colonial India

Interior of the Holy Spirit Church,

Margao.


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Colonial IndiaHelder Carita Interiores emPortugal


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Colonial IndiaSpandrels and arches, Churchof St. Francis of Assisi


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Colonial India

Main altar, SeminaryChurch, Rachol


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Colonial India

Side altar


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Colonial India

Portuguese Azujelos (tile tradition) Art

is concerned in themes and motifs.

Tiles became such an important element of architecturethat tile-makers began to make them to order for covering

vast architectural surfaces in the facades, interiors andgarden settings.

blue-and-white tile


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Colonial IndiaPolychrome altar-frontal


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Colonial India

Hindu mythological themeof tile covering


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Colonial IndiaPolychrome tile panel


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Colonial India

Pot-and-plant, withstylized birds on either

side


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Colonial India

Carpentry, Artifacts and Textiles

Portuguese cabinet-making with wood-carving and interior

dcor art went with it, was for long eras.

No use for beds, heavy tables and settees


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Colonial India

Mediterranean-Islamicideal of interior decor


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Colonial India

Baroque-backed sofa


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Colonial IndiaPortuguese Bed


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Colonial India(Left) Vicars Chair(Right) Chair with flattened-lotus motif


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Colonial IndiaEarlier cabinet-making in Portugal


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Colonial India

Confessional in Bom Jesus


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Colonial India

Embroideredtextile

H


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Colonial India

Houses

Braganza house atChandor.


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Colonial India


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Colonial IndiaDe Silva house at Margao


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Colonial India

Palacio of a Hindu land-owner


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Colonial India


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Colonial India


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Colonial India


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Colonial India

British IndiaCenotaphs

Empty Tombs

Gurdwara

Sanctuaries


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Colonial India

Neo-Gothic

Vi t i T i B b


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Colonial India

Victoria Terminus, Bombay

Bomba High Co rt


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Colonial India

Bombay High Court


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Colonial India

Notable Architecture

(COLONIAL)

JAMMU


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Colonial India

JAMMU

Annex of the New Palace


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Colonial India

KOLKATA

Victoria Memorial Hall


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Colonial India

VADODARA

Senate House of Vadodara College


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What are the featuresmostly seen in theChurch/Houses/ Interiors


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INDIA

Post-colonial / Modern


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The Great Divide

Indian IndependenceAct 1947

India and Pakistan


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History

Architecture


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Charles-douard Jeanneret Pierre Jeanneret

Ch di h (Th F t f Ch di)


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Chandigarh (The Fort of Chandi)

Union state of Punjab and Haryana

Located strategically

Personal interest of Prime Minister Jawaharlal

Nehru To reflect new modern, progressive outlook

b i


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Le Corbusier

Congrs International d'ArchitectureModerne: Urban functions

Anthropometric plan form

Hierarchy of road and pedestrian network


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Le Corbusier

High Court


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Le Corbusier

Assembly Hall


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Pierre Jeanneret

Gandhi Bhawan


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Pierre Jeanneret

Punjab University Library


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Balkrishna Vithaldas Dosh


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BV Dosh

Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad


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Charles Mark Correa


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Charles Mark Correa

Hindustan Lever Pavilion, New Delhi (1961)


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Charles Mark Correa

Gandhi Sanghralaya


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Raj Rewell/ Raj Rewal


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Raj Rewell/ Raj Rewal

AsiadVillage / Asian Games Village , New Delhi (1982)


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Fariburz Sabha

Lotus Temple, New Delhi (1986)


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World Centre of Vedic Learning

Architecture


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Domestic Dwellings

Architecture


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i


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India

Indian Towns


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Indian Towns

Cluster of buildings

Balconies overlooking

the streets

Courtyards providingpublic spaces

Terraces for other

activities

Why?


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Why?

Weather

Closure

Respect


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Royal Palace Indian Town

Architecture


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Interiors

Architecture

Vastu Shastra


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Vastu Shastra

The Five Elements


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The Five Elements


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Air (Vayu)


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Air (Vayu)

Water (Jala)


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Water (Jala)

Fire (Agni)


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Fire (Agni)

Earth (Bhoomi)


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Earth (Bhoomi)

Space (Akash)


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Space (Akash)

Gods and goddesses


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Gods and goddesses

Common Colors


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Common Colors

Aquamarine

Ochre

Saffron

Indigo

Pistachio Green

Shocking Pink

Pomegrenate Red

MangyoYellow

Red


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Red

Yellow


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Yellow

mind that is inclined towards divineperception and intelligence

Blue


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Blue

Art


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Visual Art

Art

Abstract Indian Art


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Abstract Indian Art

Distortions in proportions, spatialcompositions and nonrepresentational colorschemes

Cubism, Futurism, Impressionism andabstract expressionalism.

Abstract Indian Art


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Abstract Indian Art

Sacha Jafris new style of Magic Realism

Abstract Indian Art


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Abstract Indian Art

Ramkumar

Abstract Indian Art


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GaganendranathTagore

Realistic Indian Art


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depicts the actuality of what the eyes can see.

elements of fantasy and surrealism in thesubjects

Pseudo realism

Raja Ravi Verma


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j

Hemen Majumdar


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j

Untitled by Hemen Majumdar

Erotic Indian Art


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Existent in pre-colonial era, but it was only afterAD 1200 when it appeared in a larger scalebecause miniatures becoming a predominant artform for the royalty.

It was only after independence, when a fewartists started taking eroticism as main subjectmatter of their art.

In the post liberalization era, the society became

more liberal. The Indian films became bolder,nudity became more accepted. This hasencouraged artists to experiment with newerforms of art bordering on the subject of erotic.

Erotic Indian Art


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Contemporary Indian Sculptures


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p y p

The predominant

mode of visual art in

ancient India

Ramkinker Baij father of modern

Indian sculpture

Deviprasad Chowdhuri


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p


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Art


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Textiles

Textiles


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Design/Motifs/Elements seen in textilesranges from abstract figures to fruits, plantsand animals like the elephants.

Textiles


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Bandhani


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a popular style of

dyeing made by

traditional resist

dyeing technique oftie-and-dye.

Bandahani


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India - Tie and Dye [SaveYouTube.com].avi

Patola


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one of the most

famous fabric weaves

in India which is based

on the ikattechniqueof making parts of the

yarn resist the dye bywrapping.

Mirrorwork


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stitching of round or

square mirror onto the

cloth to make cushion

covers, bed spreads,wall hangings and

table covers.

Phulkari


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flowerwork

Chikan


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fragile, white

embroidery patterns

on pastel cottons.


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Who are the famous PostColonial Architects?

References


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Agrawala, V. (1965). Indian Art. Prithivi Prakashna. Bahga, Sarbjit, and Surinder Bahga.

Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret : Footprints on the Sands of Indian Architecture. New Delhi: Galgotia Pub.,

2000. Print.

Bhattacharya, S. K. Trends in Modern Indian Art. New Delhi: M D Publications PVT, 1994. Print.

Brown, P. (1959). Indian Architecture (Buddhist and Hindu Periods). D.B. TaraporevalaSons & Co. Private Ltd.

Freeman, Michael. India Modern. London: Mitchell Beazley, 2005. Print.

Issar, T.P. (1998). GOA DOURADA: The Indo-Portuguese Bouquet. INDIA: T.P. Issar. (architect)

Kamiya, Takeo. (1996). Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent. Japan: All Nippon Printing Co. Ltd.

La Plante, J. D. (1992). Asian Art. Wm. C. Brown Publishers.

Metcalf, Barbara D., and Thomas R. Metcalf. A Concise History of Modern India. Cambridge. Print. "ModernArchitecture of India." Encyclopedia of India's Art, Culture, Architecture, Heritage and People. Web. 28 June2011.

.

Monisha, Bharadwaj. Inside India : Quintessential Indian Style. London: Kyle Cathie, 1998. Print.

Seth, Sunil. Indian Interiors Interieurs De L'Inde. Cologne, Germany: Taschen, 2004. Print. Taylor, Brian Brace.

Raj Rewal. London: Mimor, 1992. Print.

Volwahsen, Andreas. Splendours of Imperial India. New York:Prestel Publishing, 2004. Print.

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