in-depth accident data collection - ravishankar rajaram

‘Road Safety in Indian Cities’In-depth accident data collection

Ravishankar Rajaraman, JP Research India Pvt. Ltd

‘‘Road Safety in Indian Cities’Road Safety in Indian Cities’In-depth accident data collectionIn-depth accident data collection

ByBy

Ravishankar RajaramanRavishankar Rajaraman

JP Research India Pvt. Ltd.JP Research India Pvt. Ltd.

EMBARQ Annual Conference – “CONNECT Karo”EMBARQ Annual Conference – “CONNECT Karo”

15-16 April, 201315-16 April, 2013

MethodologyMethodology

ExaminationCrash SceneCrash Vehicles

Engineering DataPC CrashSpeed EstimationsDelta - V

Scientific Data Collection Process

Scientific Data Collection Process Injury Data AIS (AAAM)ICD-10 (WHO)Injury Severity & Correlation

JP Research India Pvt. Ltd.

Fatalities Fatalities Mumbai/Maharashtra/IndiaMumbai/Maharashtra/India

Road User TypeMumbai City Maharashtra State India

No. of Killed % Rank No. of Killed % Rank No. of Killed % Rank

Pedestrian 247 33 1 1567 11 4 12400 9 5

2-Wheeler 159 21 2 4069 30 1 30624 22 1

Car/Jeep 118 16 3 2401 18 2 22845 17 3

Truck/Lorry 96 13 4 2255 16 3 26601 19 2

Tempo/Van 41 6 5 968 7 5 8540 6 7

Bus 40 5 6 685 5 8 12501 9 6

3-Wheeler 26 3 7 722 5 7 6792 5 8

Bicycle 16 2 8 189 1 9 3134 2 9

Other 0 0 9 824 6 6 13397 10 4

TOTAL 743 13680 136834

Source: Number of Road Accidental Deaths by type of Vehicles – 2011, Accident Deaths and Suicides in India (ADSI) Report, NCRB


Mumbai City – Road Safety CheckMumbai City – Road Safety Check

• Pedestrians and 2-wheelers are highly involved in fatalities.Pedestrians and 2-wheelers are highly involved in fatalities.

• What we do not know?What we do not know?– Situations leading to the fatalities.Situations leading to the fatalities.

– Collision partners.Collision partners.

– Planned interventions to reduce fatalities.Planned interventions to reduce fatalities.

• Where do we find answers?Where do we find answers?– In-depth accident data collectionIn-depth accident data collection


What to collect?What to collect?

• Location : GPS Log (Latitude and Longitude)Location : GPS Log (Latitude and Longitude)• Collision partners (Road users involved in the crash)Collision partners (Road users involved in the crash)

• Pre-Crash EventPre-Crash Event– Movement of collision partners just before the crashMovement of collision partners just before the crash

• Kind of AccidentKind of Accident– Categorization of the accidentCategorization of the accident

• Crash ConfigurationCrash Configuration– Vehicle crash descriptionVehicle crash description

• Safety System UseSafety System UseJP Research India Pvt. Ltd.

Pre-crash eventPre-crash event

• Describes the event that occurred just before the crash.Describes the event that occurred just before the crash.• Each event is a 3 digit code.Each event is a 3 digit code.

• Divided into 7 major types:Divided into 7 major types:– Type 1: Driving Accident Type 1: Driving Accident – Type 2: Turning off Accidents Type 2: Turning off Accidents – Type 3: Turning in / Crossing Accident Type 3: Turning in / Crossing Accident – Type 4: Pedestrian Crossing Road Accident Type 4: Pedestrian Crossing Road Accident – Type 5: Accident with Parking Traffic Type 5: Accident with Parking Traffic – Type 6: Accident in Lateral Traffic Type 6: Accident in Lateral Traffic – Type 7: Other AccidentType 7: Other Accident


Pre-crash event - ExamplePre-crash event - Example


Kind of AccidentKind of Accident

10 types of accidents:10 types of accidents:•Collision with another vehicle which starts, stops or is stationary Collision with another vehicle which starts, stops or is stationary

•Collision with another vehicle moving ahead or waiting. Collision with another vehicle moving ahead or waiting.

•Collision with another vehicle moving laterally in the same direction. Collision with another vehicle moving laterally in the same direction.

•Collision with another oncoming vehicle. Collision with another oncoming vehicle.

•Collision with another vehicle which turns into or crosses a road. Collision with another vehicle which turns into or crosses a road.

•Collision between vehicle and pedestrian Collision between vehicle and pedestrian

•Collision with an obstacle in the carriageway. Collision with an obstacle in the carriageway.

•Leaving the carriageway to the right Leaving the carriageway to the right

•Leaving the carriageway to the left.Leaving the carriageway to the left.

•Other accidents. Other accidents. JP Research India Pvt. Ltd.

Crash ConfigurationCrash Configuration

Multiple-Vehicle Accidents

Head-On Sideswipe Front-Rear Front-Side

Single-Vehicle Accidents

Pedestrian Rollover Fire Object


Use/Effectiveness of Safety SystemsUse/Effectiveness of Safety Systems

• Use of Helmets (including pillion riders and children)Use of Helmets (including pillion riders and children)

• Seatbelts (including rear occupants) Seatbelts (including rear occupants)

• AirbagsAirbags– Are effective only with seatbelt useAre effective only with seatbelt use

– Can result in serious injuries if seatbelts are not used.Can result in serious injuries if seatbelts are not used.

• Under-run protectionUnder-run protection

Ways to collect urban dataWays to collect urban data

• Using CCTV camera footage (Intersection cameras)Using CCTV camera footage (Intersection cameras)

• Coding from detailed accident records Coding from detailed accident records – City busesCity buses

– FleetsFleets

Using CCTV Camera Using CCTV Camera

NDTV Video: Women escapes truck accident

Data collection using accident videoData collection using accident video

• Vehicles Involved – Scooter and TruckVehicles Involved – Scooter and Truck

• Affected road user – ScooterAffected road user – Scooter

• Injury Severity – MinorInjury Severity – Minor

• Safety System UseSafety System Use– Helmet use? NoHelmet use? No

– Underride accident? – YesUnderride accident? – Yes

• Road Structure – Intersection (Road Structure – Intersection (GPS Latitude/Longitude???)GPS Latitude/Longitude???)

• Other factors:Other factors:– Driver vision obstructionDriver vision obstruction

– Overtaking from left sideOvertaking from left side

Data collection using accident videoData collection using accident video

• Pre-Crash EventPre-Crash Event– Type 2: Turning off AccidentsType 2: Turning off Accidents

• Kind of Accident: Kind of Accident: – Collision with another vehicle which turns or crosses the roadCollision with another vehicle which turns or crosses the road

• Crash Configuration: Front-SideCrash Configuration: Front-Side– ““Front” of the truck and right “Side” of the scooterFront” of the truck and right “Side” of the scooter

Data collection using Accident ReportsData collection using Accident Reports

M2Ws, pedestrians and footboard passengers constitute 89% of affected road users in fatal MTC bus crashes.

Example of MTC (Chennai City) bus fatal accident reports (2008 and 2009)

““Run Over” by Tire PositionRun Over” by Tire Position

• Rear tires involved in 82% of Rear tires involved in 82% of run oversrun overs

““Run Over” by Tire PositionRun Over” by Tire Position

• Run overs involving all footboard passengers and 88% of M2W riders was due to rear tires

• Engineering intervention in bus?

Crash Configuration – M2W vs. BusCrash Configuration – M2W vs. Bus

Sideswipe collisions resulted in 80% of M2W run overs

Crash configuration for 5% of fall downs could not be determined

Thank You!Thank [email protected]@jpresearch.com


Data-driven road safety strategies have proven to be highly effective in mitigating fatalities and injuries around the world.

“CONNECT Karo”… and Data “COLLECT Karo!”

in-depth accident data collection - ravishankar rajaram

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