Understanding Renewables in DEAP

Simon McGuinness MRIAI, Dip.Arch., B.Arch.Sc., CEPHD

#PassiveLogical

DEAP: New Build, Retrofit & Renewables

Current Building Regulations Residential - A3 Non-Residential - 2005 Retrofit

Future Building Regulations to meet EPBD/EED (nZEB) Residential to nZEB Non-Residential to nZEB Retrofit to nZEB

Renewables requirement in DEAP Case Study: BRE Scotland, Case Study: Galway Passive House Retrofit

DEAP – Dwelling Energy Assessment Procedure

Only acceptable proof of compliance with Part L for new build

EPC < 0.400 and CPC < 0.460

Does not yet apply to retrofit, extensions or material changes

BER required if grants are sought from SEAI

BER required for property sale, lease of all properties

DEAP – calculation of energy systems

Primary energy and CO2 factors for space heating

DEAP – calculation of energy systems

DEAP – calculation of energy systems

CHIMNEY/OPEN FIRE:- Fuel efficiency

penalty- Ventilation losses

penalty- CO2 penalty

DEAP – PE factor for Electricity

DEAP – Renewables as % of total energy

DEAP – Projected PE factor

DEAP – Effect of PE reduction to 1.4Dwelling built in 2013 with air/water heat pump, PV panel and underfloor heating

DEAP – Effect of PE reduction to 1.4Dwelling built in 2013 with air/water heat pump, PV panel and underfloor heating

1.0 ach 6.7 ach

2014 BER assessment 2024 BER assessment

6.7 ach

DEAP – Effect of airtightnessDwelling designed in 2014 with air/water heat pump, PV panel, radiators and MVHR

1.0 ach

6.7 ach

DEAP – Effect of airtightness + PE factorDwelling designed in 2014 with air/water heat pump, PV panel, radiators and MVHR

1.0 ach 1.0 ach + 1.4 PEf

Typical Irish New Build

to Part L 20116.7 ach

PHPP – Effect of airtightnessPassive House retrofit designed in 2012 with air/water heat pump, radiators and MVHR

Good Irish Passive

House Retrofit0.37 ach

Simplification of RES for New Build

2008 (BER of B3) 2014 (BER of A3)

Wood pellet boiler Pellet storage & delivery Radiators & Underfloor Solar Thermal 200ltr HWC Immersion backup 3 zones time control 20,000 kWh/y

€16,000 140 man-hrs, 3 subcontractors High maintenance cost

Heat pump Low temp radiators PV array 300ltr Accumulator Immersion backup Time/temp/compensation

6,000 kWh/y

€13,000 70 man-hrs, 1 subcontractor Low maintenance cost

Further Simplification of RES for nZEB

2016 Rural (nZEB) 2016 Urban (nZEB)

Wood pellet boiler Pellet storage & delivery Radiators & Underfloor 200ltr HWC Immersion backup Time/temp/compensation 6,000 kWh/y

€10,000 120 man-hrs, 2

subcontractors Moderate maintenance cost

Electric radiators PV array Instantaneous water heaters

4,500 kWh/y

€7,000 40 man-hrs, 1 subcontractor Very low maintenance cost

Building Regulations for Retrofit

0.1.3 Existing dwellings

0.1.3.1 This amendment applies to all works to

existing dwellings that are covered by the requirements of the Building Regulations, including extensions, material alterations, material changes of use and window and door replacement.

In carrying out this work, the aim should be to limit energy requirements for the operation of the dwelling and associated CO2 emissions as far as practicable as required by Regulation L1.

Specifically, Regulation L2(d) provides that replacement oil and gas boilers should achieve a seasonal efficiency of 90% where practicable. The key issues to be addressed are: -

Building Regulations - RETROFIT

Main Requirement Applicability

Fabric insulation:- sub-sections 2.1.2 and 2.1.3

Backstop U-values, Glazing area %,LTB, Condensation Risk Analysis,

Air tightness:- sub-section 2.1.4

Specify, detail, inspect and record installation (no testing required)

Boiler efficiency:- sub-section 2.2.2

90% efficient from HARP database

Building Services Controls:- sub-section 2.2.3

Time and temperature control to extension, remainder retained as is

Insulation of pipes, ducts and vessels:- sub-section 2.2.4

Insulate any modifications to the primary pipework, or any running outside of the thermal envelope

Energy Performance of Buildings Directive

Article 9 (a) by 31 December 2020, all new buildings are nearly zero-

energy buildings; and (b) after 31 December 2018, new buildings occupied and owned

by public authorities are nearly zero-energy buildings Member States shall draw up national plans for increasing the

number of nearly zero-energy buildings. develop policies and take measures such as the setting of targets in order to stimulate the transformation of buildings that are refurbished into nearly zero-energy buildings, and

Article 5 Cost optimal retrofitting based on LCA

Article 7 More than 25% of surface area retrofitted

Building Regulations – Part L, 2016?

0.1.3 Existing dwellings …

Where over 25% of surface area is effected by the works (e.g. window replacement)

Energy performance must be nZEB (possibly a BER of A2?)

Can be achieved in one or more steps as part of a strategic plan

But must be based on an economic appraisal (LCA) of what is “cost optimal”

Case Studies

Simon McGuinness MRIAI, Dip.Arch., B.Arch.Sc., CEPHD

#PassiveLogical

Building Research Establishment BRE Scotland, Ravenscraig

BRE Innovation Park

4-in-a-Block Retrofit

Energy Result

BRE Retrofit AnalysisDEAP 180 kWh/m2a “C2” SAP 202 kWh/m2a “B” 85

BRE Retrofit AnalysisDEAP 35 kWh/m2a “A2” SAP 104 kWh/m2a “B” 83

Systems Strategy: All ElectricDEAP 42 kWh/m2a BER - A2

Renewables Strategy: PV

Fabric Strategy - U-values

1.72 W/m2K 0.22 W/m2K 0.11 W/m2K

Ventilation Strategy: Demand Controlled

Sustainability Assessment

Case Study – Passive House retrofit

Passive House Systems

4.5kW A-W Heat Pump 3 low temp radiators 250ltr Accumulator HWC MVHR with post-heater 1,800 kWh/y space heat demand

€15,000 100 man-hours, 1 contractor Low maintenance

PHPP Retrofit – Certification PendingPassive House retrofit designed in 2012 with air/water heat pump, radiators and MVHR

BER? …

B1

PHPP Retrofit – Certification PendingPassive House retrofit designed in 2012 with air/water heat pump, radiators and MVHR

DIT School of Architecture, Bolton St

Advanced professional courses for Assigned, Design and Ancillary Certifiers under S.I. 9 2014 (Engineers, Architects, Surveyors and Architectural Technologists)

Postgraduate Certificate in Digital Analysis & Energy Retrofit1 year part-time, Fridays, €2,350

MSc in Energy Retrofit 2.5 years part-time, Fridays, €2,350 per year

Postgraduate Certificate in Linear Thermal Bridge modelling 15 weeks part-time €1,200 (NSAI Registered)

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Simon McGuinness MRIAI, Dip.Arch., B.Arch.Sc., CEPHD