inv-2008 - chuong 2-1

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit

CHNG 2

THIT K CHI TITVic thit k chi tit c thc hin theo cc bc sau: 1 - To ra cc hnh phc trn mt phng (2D Sketch) hoc trong khng gian 3 chiu (3D Sketch) lm bin dng to hnh khi ca chi tit. 2 - Dng cc cng c to hnh khi 3 chiu to ra cc chi tit t cc bin dng c to ra trong bc 1. 3 - Tu sa thnh chi tit hon chnh.

2.1 GIAO DIN MI TRNG THIT K CHI TIT2.1.1 THIT LP BAN U CHO CHI TITDNG LNH: Trnh n: Tools Applycation Option Part GII THCH: Hp thoi hin ra:

Mc Part - chi tit Cc la chn gm: No New Sketch: khng m mt phng hnh phc khi to chi tit mi. Thng mc nh khi to mt chi tit mi, lun xut hin mt phng XY vi cc li mn hnh km theo thanh cng c ngi dng v phc bin dng (Sketch) dng cho vic to hnh khi (hnh 1-a). Nu chn phng n ny mt phng phc khng hin ra m ch hin ra khng gian cha chi tit (hnh 1-b). Mun v hnh phc bin dng phi nhn nt chn Sketch trn thanh cng c.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 15

Hnh 1 - a

Hnh 1 - b Sketch on X-Y Plane: chn mt phng XY lm mt phng cha hnh phc u tin khi to chi tit mi ( new part). y cng l mt phng mc nh nu khng chn No New Sketch. Sketch on Y-Z Plane: chn mt phng YZ lm mt phng cha hnh phc u tin khi to chi tit mi (new part).

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Sketch on X-Z Plane: chn mt phng XZ lm mt phng cha hnh phc u tin khi to chi tit mi (new part). Opaque Surfaces: Mt dng hnh c mu c. M nh, mt mt dng hnh c (constructions) thng trong sut ( translucent) (hnh 2-a), nu chn ph ng n ny, mt s c (hnh 2-b).

Hnh 2 - a

Hnh 2 b

Autohide in-line work feature: t ng n i tng khi n ha nhp vi hnh khi khc. Auto-consume Work Features and Surface Features: t ng dng cc i tng dng hnh nh mt phng lm vic khi to cc im hoc mt khn gian khi to cc i tng hnh xon. Nhn Apply kt thc thit lp hoc Close kt thc lnh.

2.1.2 THIT LP CHO MT PHNG CHA HNH PHCDng thit lp mt s ch phc v cho vic v phc cc hnh th. Lnh ny c th tin hnh bt c lc no. DNG LNH: Trnh n: Tools Application Options GII THCH: Hp thoi hin ra, nhn chn mc Sketch. Trong hp thoi ny c cc nt chn sau:

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Nhm Constraint Placement Priority - cc rng bu c di chuy n co n tr khi v hnh c u tin Parallel and Perpendicular: song song v vung gc. Vertical and Horizontal: thng ng v nm ngang. Ch c chn mt trong hai nt ny. Cc la chn ny cho php khi v hoc chnh sa, khi a con tr n cc v tr thch ng, cc rng buc t hin ra thnh c c ng chm chm dn dt con tr bm theo. Thng chn song song v vung gc tin li v hiu qu. Nhm Display - cho hin th Grid lines: li mn hnh. Nu ON c hin th ng k m theo cc tham s t ti Document Settings. OFF - khng hin th. Minor grid lines: ON hin th ng k m, OFF khng hin th. Axes: trc to (ng k m nht chia mn hnh lm 4 phn). ON c hin th, OFF khng hin th. Nhm OverConstrained Dimensions - kch thc c th thay i cc rng buc Ch c chn mt trong hai phng n sau: Apply Driven Dimension: cho php cc kch thc thay i ln nhau . Nu mt kch thc cho ln ln th cc kch thc ni tip vi n hoc c rng buc cng b thay i theo. Warn of OverConstrained Dimensions: bo trc khi cho kch thc th khng th cho cc rng buc. i vi cc i tng ni tip nhau thnh mt hnh khp kn, khi cho kch thc th mt s kch thc khng th sa c v b cc kch thc khc khng ch. Cc rng buc (Constraint) cng khng th thc hin c. Mun cho li cc rng buc cho mt i tng, phi xo kch thc ca i tng ( t do).

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Cc nt la chn khc Snap to Grid: bt vo cc im nt (khong cch c cho trong Snap Spacing). ON c cho bt im, OFF khng bt im. La chn ny cn c th c t bt c lc no bng cch a con tr vo tn Sketch ti vng trnh duyt hoc a vo mt i tng bt k, nhn phm phi chut, nhn chn Snap to Grid. Edit dimension when created: cho thay gi tr nga y lc ghi kch th c . Hp i thoi nhp s liu hin ra ngay sau khi kch thc c kch hot. Autoproject edges during curve creation: t ng chiu cc cnh nhn thy ca chi tit ln mt phng phc khi to cc i tng ca hnh phc mi. Automatic reference edges for new sketch: t ng chiu cc cnh nhn thy ca hnh khi ln mt phng phc khi to mt phng v phc mi. Parallel View on New Sketch Creation: T ng xoay mt phng cha hnh phc thng hng nhn ca ngi dng. AutoBend width 3D Line Creation: t ng un cong khi on thng 3D c v. Tham s to on cong c ni ti hp thoi Document Settings trn. Nhn Apply kt thc thit lp hoc Close kt thc lnh.

2.1.3 BT U VO VNG LM VIC TO CHI TIT MI 2.1.3.1 Lnh New - to bn thit k miDNG LNH: Trnh n: File New Standard.IPT

Thanh cng c: GII THCH: Inventor lun cho chng ta cc bn v mu theo cc tiu chun th gii. Khi ra l nh, mt hp thoi xut hin chng ta chn bn mu km theo tiu chun. Trong ny c cc tp tin mu theo cc loi tiu chun. Trong hp thoi ny c 3 mc l Default (mc nh), English (h Anh) v Metric (h Mt). Hnh di l hp thoi cc tp tin mu Default (mc nh). Cc bn mu u c tn l Standard. Cn theo tiu chun k thut no, ph thuc v lnh Format -> Standard.

Tip sau l hai h o lng hay c dng nht: English (h Anh). Cc tp tin mu ca h Anh l ANSI n v l incher.

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V h Metric (h Mt):

Trong ny c cc bn v mu theo tiu chun ISO, DIN, BSI, JIS, GB, n v l milimt. Chn tp tin Standard.ipt, nhn OK. Mn hnh giao din to chi tit hin ra. a- Nu ti thit lp ban u Applycation Options -> Parts, khng chn No new Sketch, chn hnh phc trn mt phng no th mn hnh giao di n mi trng hnh phc (Sketch) trn mt phng hin ra y cc cng c cho chng ta thc hin bn v phc 2D (2D Sketch). b- Nu chn No new Sketch, mn hnh l mi trng to hnh khi. Mun v hnh phc bin dng phi nhn nt chn Sketch trn thanh cng c. Nhn chn mt phng to hnh phc trn trnh duyt, mn hnh phc hin ra lm vic.

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Trong mn hnh giao din lun c Thanh lnh (Panel bar),Trnh duyt (Browse Bar) v khng gian cha hnh khi hoc mt phng v hnh phc.

2.1.3.2 Khng gian cha chi tit

Khng gian cha chi tit l khng gian 3 c h trc to . Mi tn mu xanh l cy l trc Y, my l trc X, trc Z mu xanh thm. Nhn thng gc vi mt phng XY t chiu dng ca trc Z.

Nhn t im X>0, Y>0, Z>0, thng vo gc to . Chng ta c th v phc ti bt k mt phng no ca khng gian 3 chiu, thng mc nh l mt phng XY hoc chng ta chn mt phng v hnh phc ti lnh Tools Applycation Option Part (xem 2.1.1). thay i mt phng v, nhn nt Origin trong Trnh duyt:

Mt danh sch cc mt phng v trc to hin ra. Nhn chut chn, mt phng c chn tr thnh mt phng v phc. Trong v d ny l mt YZ. Hnh v phc c th c v trn hai mt phng khc nhau (hnh bn phi).

Cc thao tc v v chnh sa ca Inventor c thc hin phn ln bng cc thanh cng c v nhy phm phi chut.

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2.1.3.3 Thanh lnh v thanh cng c

Khi kh ng chuyn mc 2D SKETCH, trn mn hnh xu hin Thanh lnh 2D i t Sketch (Panel Bar). Nu khng hin th, vo View -> Toolbar -> Panel Bar hin th thanh lnh hoc 2D Sketch Panel hin th thanh cng c.

Ngoi ra hin th Thanh cng , nh c n Tools trn Trnh n , nh chn n Customize, hp thoi xut hin:

Chn mc Toolbars, chn 2D Sketch Panel trong danh sch cc thanh cng c, nhn nt Show. Nh Close ng h thoi. Trn mn hnh s xut hin thanh cng c 2D n p SKETCH.

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2.1.3.4 Trnh duytng thi xut hin vi Thanh lnh l Trnh duyt (Browse Bar)

Mc gc bao gi cng c t tn l Partxx (part1, part2..). y chnh l tn t p cha chi tit. Tip sau l n cc mc con. Mi ln chng ta to thm cc i tng li c thm mt mc con v cc mc chu, cht v.v.... Cc mc con ny thng t tn m c nh nh Sketch1, Sketch2, Extrude1, 2.... Chng ta c th nhy p chut vo cc tn t tn theo qui c ring d nh, d qun l hn. Mun thao tc vi cc i tng, a chut vo tn ca i tng trn trnh duyt v nhn phm phi, cc lnh thao tc (Trnh n ng) hin ra, nhn chut vo lnh cn thc hin.

2.1.3.5 Lnh Save NGHA: Lu tr bn thit k. DNG LNH: Trnh n: File Save Thanh cng c: GII THCH:

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 23 Lnh ny dng chung cho tt c cc loi bn v trong Inventor. Hp thoi xut hin:

Ti File name: cho tn t p tin lu tr. Phn m rng ca file ph thuc vo chng ta ang lm vic vi loi bn v no (xem phn cc tp tin ti Chng 1). Trong ny l p tin t .IPT (tp tin v hnh khi chi tit 3D). Nhn Save lu tr.

2.1.3.6 Lnh Open NGHA: M bn thit k c. DNG LNH: Trnh n: File Open Thanh cng c: GII THCH: Lnh ny dng chung cho tt c cc loi bn v trong Inventor. Hp thoi xut hin:

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Ti File name: cho tn tp tin lu tr hoc chn trn danh sch cc tp tin. Nhn Open m tp ra lm vic.

2.1.4 CC LNH THAO TC VI MN HNH 2.1.4.1 t mu cho mn hnh vMn hnh c th thay i mu bng lnh: Tools Application Options Coloros Hp thoi xut hin:

Chn cc mu trong Color Scheme, nhn Apply kt thc cng vic, nhn OK hoc g Enter kt thc lnh.

2.1.4.2 Lnh Rotate NGHA: Xoay khng gian v theo mi gc . DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Rotate Thanh cng c: Bn phm: F4 GII THCH:

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 25 Khi thc hin lnh ny, mn hnh nh sau:

Khi con tr t vo bn trong vng trn n c dng Khi a ra ngoi v ng trn chun, con tr c dng vi mn hnh.

, c th xoay theo mi hng. xoay quanh trc vung gc

Xoay hnh quanh trc thng ng. Nu nhn phm phi chut ti gia mn hnh, mt trnh n ng xut hin:

Chn Common View [Space bar], s c mt khi khng gian iu chnh gc nhn theo cc hng nht nh. Nhn chut vo mi tn nh hng nhn (hnh di).

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C th g thanh cch (Space bar) chuyn i gia hai ch xoay mn hnh. Nhn phm phi chut, chn Done hoc g ESC kt thc lnh.

2.1.4.3 Lnh Pan NGHA: Di chuyn mn hnh theo mi hng. DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Pan Thanh cng c: Bn phm: F2 GII THCH: Sau khi ra l nh, con tr c dng mn hnh. , nhn v gi chut, di chuyn chut di chuyn

2.1.4.4 Lnh Look at NGHA: a i tng c chn vo trung tm mn hnh v nhn thng gc vi mt phng cha i tng. DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Look at Thanh cng c: GII THCH: Sau khi ra lnh, con tr c dng , a con tr n i tng hoc mt ca hnh khi cn chn, nhn chut. i tng c a vo tm mn hnh v hng nhn thng gc vi mt phng cha i tng hoc mt c chn ca hnh khi.

2.1.4.5 Lnh Zoom NGHA: Tng gim tm nhn. DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Zoom Thanh cng c:

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 27 Bn phm: F3 GII THCH: , nhn v gi chut, khi a biu tng ra xa ngi dng (ln trn Con tr c dng mn hnh hay t tri qua phi) th hnh nh b thu nh li, ngc li, hnh nh c hin to ln (ngc li vi AutoCAD).

2.1.4.6 Lnh Zoom Window NGHA: a hnh nm trong ca s do ngi dng xc nh vo tm mn hnh vi tm nhn gn nht. DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Zoom Window Thanh cng c: GII THCH: Chn ca s bng cch v mt hnh ch nht qua hai im gc i nhau qua ng cho.

2.1.4.7 Lnh Zoom Select NGHA: Cho hin ton b mt i tng c chn ln mn hnh. DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Zoom Select Thanh cng c: GII THCH: C hai cch thc hin lnh: - a con tr n i tng cn chn, nhn chut sau ra lnh. - Ra lnh, con tr c dng , a con tr n i tng, nhn chut.

2.1.4.8 Lnh Zoom All NGHA: a ton b hnh ca bn thit k vo mn hnh. DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Zoom All Thanh cng c: GII THCH: Sau khi ra lnh, tt c cc i tng c a vo mn hnh.

2.1.4.9 Lnh Isometric View NGHA: Nhn theo hnh chiu trc o. DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Isometric GII THCH:

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit Sau khi ra lnh, tt c cc i tng c a vo mn hnh vi gc nhn hnh chiu trc

o.

2.1.4.10 Lnh Prevoius View v Next View NGHA: Prevoius View: Quay li mn hnh ca ln xem trc. Next View: Chuyn n mn hnh ca ln xem tip theo. DNG LNH: Trnh n: View Trnh n ng: GII THCH: Khi ra lnh, mn hnh t ng chuyn v cc trng thi tng ng.

Inventor c hai ch lm vic: ch Sketch (bn v phc) v ch Base Model (m hnh c s). Ch v phc (Sketch) v cc bin dng 2D ti cc mt phng bt k. Ch m hnh c s (Base Model) quan st v to cc khi 3D. Nt chuyn i . Nhn nt Sketch thc hin cc cng vic v phc. Nhn nt Return sang ch hnh khi 3 chiu (Model) .

2.1.4.11 Cc nt chuyn i ch lm vic

2.1.4.12 Cc tr gip thng trc trong khi ang thc hin cng vicTrong Inventor khi cc lnh ang c thc hin, nhn phm phi chut s hin ra mt Trnh n ng tng ng phc v cho la chn phng n hoc cc bc tip theo ca cng vic . Trnh n ng minh ho di y xut hin trong cc lnh v.

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Mt lnh trong Inventor c thc hin mt cch ln tc cho n khi no ngi dng ra lnh kt thc bng cc cch sau: - Nhn phm phi chut, Trnh n ng hin ra, nhn Done. - Nhn phm ESC.

2.1.4.13 Kt thc mt lnh

2.1.4.14 Tr gip bt im

Trong Inventor c s tr gip bt vo cc im c bit ca i tng nh trung im, im (Midpoint) u mt (End point) khi a con tr n ln cn cc im ny. Ngoi cc ch dn dt n cc rng buc mt cch t ng nh trn, Inventor cn cho php khi v, c th nhn phi chut, chn bt vo cc im nh sau: Midpoint bt vo trung im ca i tng. Center bt vo tm ng trn hoc cung trn. Intersection bt vo giao im ca cc i tng. a con tr vo i tng th nht, nhn phm tri sau a con tr n i tng th hai, lp tc xut hin du hiu mt im, nhn phm tri s bt c vo giao im. AutoProject t ng chiu cc cnh nhn thy ca hnh khi ln mt phng phc bt im. Trng hp ny dng cho vic thc hin hnh phc khi c hnh khi.

2.1.4.15 Tr gip hng dn s dng

How To.... nhn nt ny s c cc ch dn bng ting Anh ca Inventor.

2.2 HNH PHC 2D - 2D SKETCHSHnh khi ca chi tit c to ra t cc bin dng 2D ( 2D Sketch) hoc 3d ( 3D Sketch). Cc hnh ny c v theo qui trnh v cc ng nt c bn sau to ra cc rng buc gia chng bng cc rng buc hnh hc (v tr gia chng vi nhau) v rng buc v kch thc c mt bin dng chc chn khng b x lch. Trong mt phng v hnh phc, lun c i vung, khong cch gia cc ng k l c xc nh trong lnh Tools Document Settings Sketch v n c hin th hay khng ph thuc vo cc thit lp trong lnh Tools Application Options -> Sketch. C th dng tr gip bt im vo cc nt li trong v hnh. Bt u bn v chi tit mi, nu khng hin mt phng phc nhn nt Sketch, nhn con tr vo mt phng XY ca bn v phc. Cc cng vic v v chnh sa c thc hin bng cc nt trn thanh cng c. Cc nt Undo (b vic va lm) v Redo (khi phc li vic va b b) cng nh cc phn mm khc.

2.2.1 CC THIT LP TR GIP CHO BN V PHCNguyn Vn Thip

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Khi thc hin vic to chi tit mi, cc thanh cng c thit lp tr gip hi n ra.. Trc khi bt tay vo cng vic thit k, chng ta phi nh n v o di, n v o gc, chnh xc sau d phy thp phn, cch hin th cc yu t cn thit ca bn v. Thng cc u thit lp ny c t mc nh theo tiu chun thit k m ta chn phn trn. Trong mc ny chng ta nghin cu cc thit lp .

2.2.1.1 Lnh Document Settings NGHA: Thit lp n v, cc ch li mn hnh cho bn v phc. DNG LNH: Trnh n: Tools Document Settings GII THCH: Hp thoi xut hin.

Trong ny c r nhiu mc thit lp c c thng s ban u. Chng ta ch nghin cu t cc thit lp lin quan n hnh phc - Sketch. 1- Mc Units - nh dng n v Hp thoi:

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Trong c cc nt sau: Nhm Units - t n v o Lenght: chn n v o di. Nhn chut vo nt , mt danh sch cc n v o hin ra: milimet, centimet incher... chn. Angle: n v o gc. Cch lm tng t nh trn. Time: n v o thi gian. Mass: n v o khi lng. Nhm Modeling Dimension Display - hin th kch thc Linear Dim Display Pecrision: chn chnh xc cho n v di. Nhn chut vo nt , mt danh sch cc chnh xc hin ra chn. Trong cc con s 12345....sau s 0 l s ch s thp phn sau du phy. Angle Dim Display Precision: chn chnh xc cho n v o gc. Cch lm tng t nh trn. Cho php chn mt trong cc nt sau hin th kch thc: Display as Value: hin gi tr bng s. Display as Name: hin gi tr bng ch k hiu. Display as Expression: hin gi tr bng cng thc. Display tolerance: cho hin gi tr dung sai. Display precise value: cho hin gi tr chnh xc (khng c dung sai). Cc la chn ny cng tng ng vi lnh Chn phng thc hin th kch thc c gii thiu ti phn rng buc v kch thc. Sau khi chn xong nhn Apply.

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2- Mc Sketch - nh li mn hnh

Trong c cc nt sau: Nhm Snap Spacing - t khong cch bt im X : khong cch theo phng X. G s. Y: khong cch theo phng Y. G s. Cc s ny gip cho ngi v bt im nhanh v chnh xc. V d: X: 1mm, Y: 1mm nh trn hnh hp thoi ngha l con tr bt dnh vo cc im cch nhau mi chiu 1mm, khng ph thuc vo li hin th cch nhau bao nhiu. Nhm Grid Display - v li Snap Per Minor : khong cch gia cc ng k m. n v l mm. Trong v d, c 2mm k mt ng m. C th g s khc. Maijor evrry minor line: khong cch gia cc ng k m tnh bng s ng m. Trong v d, c sau 10 ng m li k mt ng r hn. Nhm 3D Sketch - dng t ng to cc ng un trong khng gian 3 chiu Auto Bend Radius: t ng un thnh cung trn nu on va v nh hn gi tr cho trong nhp liu. Gi tr ny c th thay i bng s khc do ngi dng g vo. Nhn OK kt thc lnh. 3- Mc Modeling - nh bt im trong khng gian 3 chiu

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Trong ny c cc nhp s liu: Distance Snap: khong cch c th bt im. G s. Angle Snap: gc ln cn bt im. G s. Nhn OK kt thc lnh.

2.2.2 CC LNH V, CHNH SA HNH PHC - SKETCH 2.2.2.1 Lnh v on thng - LineDNG LNH: Thanh lnh: Bn phm: g L GII THCH: Khi ra lnh, con tr tr thnh mt chm mu c ch thp. Nhn vo im nh v ko n im th hai s c mt on thng. C tip tc s c ng gy khc. Khi no im cui ca mt on mi v dnh vo mt i tng khc coi nh mt i tng c to ra, kt thc vic v i tng . Nu v tip, li bt u bng mt im mi. Mi ln g Enter kt thc mt on hoc mt s on lin tip nhng cha kt thc lnh. Kt thc lnh: Done hoc ESC. Hnh di minh ho vic v on thng v cc k hiu, ng dn n cc rng buc.

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Sau khi kt thc lnh, ta c mt hnh phc nhng cha c kch thc chnh xc. Dng lnh Create Dimension cho kch thc v chnh sa kch thc. Dng lnh Create Constraint cho v chnh sa cc rng buc hnh hc. Cc trng hp c bit v hnh phc bng lnh LINE Ngoi vic v on thng theo to hai im thng thng, chng ti gii thiu thm cc trng hp c bit khi dng lnh Line. 1- V cung trn ni lin vi on thng a- Cung trn tip tuyn vi on thng va v Ra lnh Line. V mt on thng. Nhn phm tri chut vo im u mt ca on thng (hnh 1- a), gi phm, r chut thnh cung trn (hnh 1- b). Kt qu nh hnh 1 - c).

1- a

1- b

1-c

b- Cung trn vung gc vi on thng va v Ra lnh Line. V mt on thng. Nhn phm tri chut vo im u mt ca on thng, gi phm, r chut thnh cung trn theo hng vung gc vi on thng (hnh 1- d). Kt qu nh hnh 1-e.

1-d 1- e Trong khi v, chng ta c th thay i hng r chut thay i hng ca cung.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 35 2- V on thng tip tuyn vi ng trn, cung trn hoc Elp Ra lnh Line. Nhn phm tri chut vo cung trn, ng trn hoc elp, gi phm, r chut tm im tip theo ca on thng (hnh 2.- a, b). o n thng t ng tip tuyn vi cc i tng ni trn. Kt qu nh hnh 2-c).

2-a

2- b

2- c

2.2.2.2 Lnh v ng cong trn - SplineDNG LNH: , nt ny nm chung vi nt , nhn nt , nt lnh hin ra. Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Ging nh Line, con tr hin ra, mi ln nhn phm tri chut ta c mt im ca Spline. Nu im u v im cui ca Spline trng nhau, kt thc mt chu trnh, ng Spline khp kn c v ra. Mun v ng Spline h, nhn phm phi chut ti im cui, Trnh n ng hin ra, chn Continue hoc g Enter hoc nhy p chut kt thc mt on cong nhng cha kt thc lnh. Nu chn Back, b on va v, con tr tr v im ngay trc . Nhn phm phi chut vo vng trng, chn Done kt thc lnh. Ngoi vic v cc on cong theo to cc im thng thng, chng ti gii thiu thm cc trng hp c bit khi dng lnh Spline. V ng cong tip xc ni lin vi on thng Ra lnh Spline. Nhn phm tri chut vo im u mt ca on thng, gi phm, r chut thnh ng cong tip xc vi on thng (hnh a), nhn phm tri chut nh v im tip theo. Kt qu nh hnh b.

a

b

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2.2.2.3 Chnh sa Spline

Sau khi v xong, ng Spline c chnh sa nh sau: - Chnh sa bng cc im nt (cc im khi bm chut m Spline i qua): nhn chut vo cc im nt ny v ko, hnh dng ca Spline b thay i.

- Bng cc lnh ti Trnh n ng a con tr vo Spline v nhn phm phi chut. Trnh n ng hin ra:

Trn Trnh n ng gm cc mc sau: Close Spline: khp kn ng cong. Insert Point: thm im nt. Mi ln nhn phm tri vo ng cong, ti c thm mt im. Fit Method: cc phng thc lm trn. Nhn chut tri, hin ra 3 phng thc: Smooth, Sweet v AutoCAD, mi phng thc c cong khc nhau. Display Curvature: cho hin cc ng php tuyn th hin cong.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 37 Bowtie - nt gc ca cung. Nhn nt , hin ra cc phng n bin i hnh dng cung. - Handle: dng th cng (bng tay). Cc nt ca ng tip tuyn vi cung hin ra, nhn phm tri chut vo nt v r chut, hnh dng ng cong bin i theo (hnh a).

a b - Curvature: dng cung nh cong. C thm mt cung km theo cc nt gc hin ra ti im un, nhn phm tri chut vo nt v r chut, hnh dng ng cong bin i theo bn knh cung (hnh b). - Flat: bin on cong thnh phng.

Spline Tension: cng ca ng cong. Hp thoi cho s liu xut hin:

Dng thanh tr thay i gi tr. Gi tr cng ln, on cong cng gn vi ng t thng (cng) (hnh di).

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2.2.2.4 Lnh v ng trn - CircleDNG LNH:

nhn nt chn phng n v. Thanh lnh: Bn phm: Shift + C. GII THCH: Trn thanh cng c c hai cch v ng trn: 1- V theo tm v mt im khc trn ng trn hoc Shift + C Dng nhc: Select Center of Circle: Select Point on the Circle:

cho tm ng trn. cho mt im trn ng trn.

2- V ng trn tip xc vi 3 on thng Dng nhc: Select First Line: chn on thng th nht. Select second Line: chn on thng th hai. Select a line to create Circle: chn on thng cui cng to ra ng trn. p li cc dng nhc trn bng cch a con tr n cc ng thng, nhn phm tri chut. Hnh di minh ho cc dng v ng trn tip xc vi 3 on thng.

2.2.2.5 Lnh v hnh Elp - EllipseDNG LNH: . Thanh lnh : Nt Elp nm trong nt v ng trn nh thanh cng c minh ho.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 39 Nhn nt , nt lnh hin ra. GII THCH: Dng nhc: Select ellipse center: cho tm im. Select first axis point: cho im u mt trc. Select point on ellipse: cho mt im trn elp. Tt c u nhn phm tri chut. Kt qu c 1 hnh elp. Hnh di minh ho cch v Elp.

2.2.2.6 Lnh v cung trn - ArcDNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: C 3 cch v cung trn. 1- V theo 3 im u, cui v trn cung trn Dng nhc: Select start of arc: Select end of arc: Select point on arc: cho im u ca cung trn. cho im cui ca cung trn. cho mt im trn cung trn. , nhn nt chn phng n v.

2- V theo tm, im u v im cui Dng nhc: Select center: cho tm im. Select start point:cho im u ca cung trn. Select end point: cho im cui. 3- V theo 1 im u mt ca i tng khc v im cui Dng nhc:

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Select start point:

cho im u ca cung trn. im ny phi l u mt ca mt i tng khc nh cung trn hoc on thng. Cung trn c ni vi i tng c v tip tuyn vi nhau. Select end of arc: cho im cui ca cung trn. i vi cc hnh ng trn, cung trn, elp khi v khng c phng n ti p xc nhau hoc tip xc vi on thng nhng sau khi v c th dng cc rng buc to cc tip xc cn thit.

2.2.2.7 Lnh v hnh ch nht - RectangleDNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: C 2 cch v hnh ch nht. 1- V theo hai im ca ng cho Dng nhc: Select first corrner: cho im u ca ng cho. Select opposite corner: cho im i din. V bng phng php ny c hnh ch nht c hai cnh nm ngang v thng ng (hnh a). 2- V theo 3 im gc Dng nhc: Select first corrner: cho im ca gc th nht. Select second corner: cho im gc th hai. im ny v im th nht cng nm trn mt cnh. C th ko theo phng bt k. Select third corner: cho im gc th ba. Con tr t ng ko theo phng vung gc vi cnh c to bng hai im trn. V theo phng php ny c hnh ch nht nm theo phng bt k (hnh b). , nhn nt chn phng n v.

a

b

2.2.2.8 Lnh v mt im - Point

im (Point) c dng vi mc ch sau: - Lm tm l khi v cc l 3D hoc tm ng trn.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 41 - Lm im dng mt phng lm vic (Work plane) cha hnh phc. - Lm im to im lm vic (Work point) dng ng 3D trong khng gian. 1- V trc tip DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Dng nhc: Select Center point: cho tm l. a chut n v tr cn thit nhn phm tri. Kt thc lnh bng ESC hoc Done. Khi v l, c im bt tm. Cc im c hin th bng du t v tr ca im mt cch chnh xc cch cc cnh mt khong cho trc, dng lnh Create Dimension v Edit Dimension. Khi cho kch th nhn chut vo im v v on thng hoc i tng cn ly c, khong cch, kch thc hin ra v cho s (hnh di).

2- Nhp t tp d liu DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: Thanh cng c: 3D sketch GII THCH: Tp d liu c to ra bng Excel. Ni dung ca bng d liu phi tun th theo c php nh hnh di.

i vi hnh phc 2D khng cn nhp gi tr Z. Sau khi ra lnh, hp thoi xut hin.

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Nhn chn tn tp cn nhp. Nhn Open, cc im c v ra.

2.2.2.9 Lnh v a gic uDNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Hp thoi xut hin:

nhp s cnh. G s hoc nhn nt bn cnh chn cc s c sn. Ti y c 2 cch v:

v theo tm v nh

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v theo tm v trung im mt cnh

Dng nhc: Select center of polygon: cho tm im. Select point on polygon: cho im trn a gic. im ny tu theo cch v, l nh hay trung im ca cnh. Trong qu trnh ang v mt hnh, ta c th thay i s cnh, cch v, lp tc hnh thay i theo. Kt thc lnh: nhn Done.

2.2.2.10 Lnh 2D Fillet NGHA: Lnh dng v gc thnh cung trn, ch dng c cho giao im gia cc on thng, gia cc cung trn v on thng vi cung trn. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Hp thoi nhp bn knh cung:

Dng nhc: ON Select line or arc to fillet: chn hai on thng hoc cung trn fillet. Nhn nt (chm xung) khng ghi kch thc cung trn v gc, OFF (ni ln) c ghi kch thc. Kt qu nh hnh di

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2.2.2.11 Lnh 2D Chamfer NGHA: Lnh dng vt gc cc nh. DNG LNH: nt ny nm trong cng v tr vi Fillet. Nhn nt Thanh lnh: chn lnh. GII THCH: Hp thoi chn cc phng n: - Hai khong cch t nh n im pht bng nhau. Ch phi nhp mt gi tr nh hp thoi (hnh a). - Hai khong cch khc nhau, phi nhp hai gi tr Distance 1 v Distance 2 (hnh b). - Cho mt khong cch v mt gc, phi nhp Distance: khong cch v Angle: gc (hnh c). Dng nhc: Select line to chamfer: chn hai on thng.

a

b

c

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Nhn nt

chm xung s t ng ghi kch thc.

chm xung, khng ghi kch thc ti v tr pht gc. Nhn nt Nu c ghi kch thc, s d dng thay i gi tr kch thc, hnh s thay i theo.

2.2.2.12 Lnh Mirror NGHA: V hnh i xng qua mt trc. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: c im ca lnh ny l i tng mu ly i xng v trc i xng phi l cc i tng c trong bn v. Hp thoi chn cc phng n:

Select: chn i tng. Dng nhc: Select Geometry to mirror. Mirror line: chn trc i xng. Dng nhc: Select Mirror line. Trong ny c th chn i tng trc hoc sau chn trc. i tng c chn ly i xng khng th c chn lm trc i xng. Sau khi m i tng c chn y , nt Apply mi c kch hot. Nhn i Apply thc thi. C th lm tip vi cc i tng khc n khi nhn Done hoc ESC, lnh mi kt thc.

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2.2.2.13 Lnh Rectangular Pattern NGHA: To ra mt lot cc hnh, xp theo hng v ct. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Hp thoi xut hin:

Trong hp thoi c cc nt: Geometry: chn hnh gc. Nhn chut vo i tng cn chn. Direction 1: hng pht trin th nht. Nhn nt nhn nt k. chn mt on thng lm phng,

nh hng. Hai phng l hai on thng hp vi nhau mt gc bt cho s hnh. G s. khong cch. G s hoc nhn nt chn cch cho gi tr hoc cc

gi tr c sn. Direction 2 - tng t nh Direction 1.

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Sau khi xc nh y cc yu t nh hnh di, c th nhn nt phn la chn ph (hnh di)

hin ra

Supress: loi b mt s hnh trong dy. Nhn chut vo hnh cn loi b. Hnh ny s khng tham gia vo vic to nn hnh khi.

Associative: ON (c nh du) - cc hnh gn kt thnh mt khi, mt hnh b thay i , cc hnh khc cng thay i theo. OFF (khng dnh d u) - cc hnh l cc c th ring r. Mc nh l ON. Fitted: ON (c nh du) - cc hnh nm cch u nhau trong on c di cho trong nhp khong cch. OFF (khng dnh d u) - cc hnh cch nhau mt on bng gi tr cho trong nhp khong cch.

Fitted: ON Nhn OK, kt thc lnh.

Fitted: OFF

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2.2.2.14 Lnh Circular pattern NGHA: To ra mt lot cc hnh, xp theo vng trn. Cc hnh c to ra lun xoay hng tm. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Hp thoi xut hin:

Trong hp thoi c: Geometry: chn hnh gc. Nhn chut vo cc i tng gc Axis: chn mt im lm tm dy. im ny phi l cc u mt, tm ca vng trn, cung trn hay l mt im (point) c v trong bn v. Nt nh chiu khai trin ca dy.

: cho s hnh. G s cho gc tm dy. G s.

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Sau khi xc nh y cc yu t nh hnh di, c th nhn nt hin ra phn la chn ph na bn di hp thoi: Supress: loi b mt s hnh trong dy. Nhn chut vo hnh cn loi b. Hnh ny khng tham gia vo vic to khi. Associative: ON (c nh du) cc hnh gn kt thnh mt khi, mt hnh b thay i, cc hnh khc cng thay i theo. OFF (khng dnh du) cc hnh l cc c th ring r. Mc nh l ON. Fitted: ON (c nh du) cc hnh u v cui cch nhau bng gi tr gc tm , OFF (khng dnh du) cc hnh cch nhau mt gc bng gi tr cho trong gc tm.

Fitted: ON

Cc hnh lun xoay hng tm.

Fitted: OFF

2.2.2.15 Lnh chnh sa dy

Chnh sa khi hnh c to bng Cirrcular v Rectangular Pattern. Khi mt dy c to ra, nhn phm phi chut vo thnh vin ca dy, Trnh n ng hin ra.

Suppress Element(s): loi b mt s thnh vin ca dy. Thnh vin chn b loi.

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Delete Pattern: xo dy. Cc bn sao b xo, hnh gc vn gi nguyn. Edit Pattern: sa dy. Hp thoi Pattern hin ra thay i cc tham s.

2.2.2.16 Lnh Offset NGHA: V mt i tng song song vi i tng gc v cch i tng gc mt on cho trc. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Sau khi ra lnh, nhn phm phi chut chn cc phng n la chn i tng v rng buc gia cc i tng mi vi i tng gc. Trnh n ng nh sau:

Loop Select:

ON - cc i tng ni nhau lin hnh s c chn ng thi. mi ln nhn phm tri chut, i tng c chn s l mt xu cc i tng kt li thnh mt ng lin v dnh vo con tr di chuyn. OFF - cc i tng c th c chn ring r. mi ln ch chn c mt i tng ring r. Kt thc chn i tng bng Enter hoc nhn phm phi chut, chn Continue. Tip theo, hnh offset dnh vo con tr ngi dng ko v t vo v tr cn thit.

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Constrain Offset: ON - i tng gc v i tng sao chp gn vi nhau thnh mt khi. Khi c m lot cc i tng to thnh mt bi n dng khi cho khong cch gia mt t trong cc i tng ny vi i tng gc th tt cc cc thnh vin ca bin dng cng cch cc i tng gc tng ng bng khong cch va cho (hnh a). OFF - i tng gc v i tng pht sinh khng c rng buc g. Cc kho ng cch gia cc i tng (gc v mi) trong cng mt bin dng c th l khc nhau (hnh b). Dng nhc: Select curver to offset: chn i tng offset. Dng nhc ti bc ny l: Select offset position: chn im t. Nhn phm tri chut ti v tr cn thit. Sau y l cc hnh minh ho cch Inventor thc hin lnh:

Bn v cha c offset.

Hnh a Hnh b Cc khong cch cn chnh xc dng lnh Create Dimension cng ging nh cc i tng khc.

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2.2.2.17 Lnh Extend NGHA: Ko di cc i tng n cc i tng i din. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Sau khi ra lnh, dng nhc: Select curve to extend: chn i tng ko di. Khi con tr chm n i tng no, nu c kh nng ko di, lp tc hin on ko di n i tng gn nht. Nhn phm tri chut, cng vic c hon tt. Khi ang th hin EXTEND, nhn phi chut, chn TRIM s thc hin ct b hoc c ngc li.

Hnh di minh ha cc on c ko di.

Hnh gc

i tng c chn v ko di.

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2.2.2.18 Lnh Trim NGHA: Ct b nhng phn tha hoc c mt i tng. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Sau khi ra lnh, dng nhc: Select portion of curve to trim: chn on cn ct. Khi con tr chm n on no, on b nh du thnh t on, nhn phm tri chut, on hoc i tng b xo. Khi ang th hin TRIM, nhn phi chut, chn EXTEND s thc hin ko di hoc c ngc li. Hnh di minh ha cc on b ct b.

Hnh gc

Chn i tng

Kt qu

2.2.2.19 Lnh Text NGHA: Ghi ch vo hnh phc. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: Bn phm: T GII THCH: Vic ghi ch vo hnh phc c mt s chc nng sau: - ghi dng m t hnh phc. y l chc nng ph. - to bin dng cho vic gn ch di dng hnh khi vo b mt chi tit. Chng ta s minh ho chc nng ny bng v d trong phn to hnh khi.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit Sau khi ra lnh, nhn mt im t dng ch. Hp thoi xut hin: Sau khi ra lnh, con tr c dng . Nhn con tr vo v tr cn t dng ch, hp thoi xut hin:

Trong hp thoi c cc thng s: Font: chn phng ch. Nhn nt chn. Size: chiu cao ch. G s hoc nhn nt chn gc gi tr c sn. Phng ch Chiu cao ch

Cc nt

cn chnh theo im va chn trn bn v.

iu khin rng buc ch theo cc hng. Nhn nt ny, thng s Rotation Nt c kch hot. chn chiu quay ca dng ch. Nhn nt chn cc chiu: t tri qua phi. t trn xung di.

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t phi qua tri. t di ln trn. Nt chn mu cho ch. %Stretch: t l gia chiu rng v chiu cao ca ch ci. < 100 ch hp, > 100 ch rng. Line Spacing: cho khong cch gia cc dng. Nhn nt chn cc khong cch. Ring phng n Exactly, c hin th Value cho gi tr khong cch bng s. Cc nt Nt chn cc dng c m, nghing hoc gch chn. chn ghi cc k hiu c bit nh:

di.

Cc nt phng to, thu nh ch trong khung g ch. trng di cng l ni g ch. Nhn OK kt thc vic vit mt khi ch. Kt qu khi ch hin ra hnh phc nh hnh

C th tip tc ghi khi khc hoc nhn Done kt thc lnh. Khi nhn Finish Sketch, dng ch hin trn mt phng v.

Khi ch c th c di chuyn n v tr bt k trong mt phng bng cch nhn phm tri vo khi ch, gi chut v di chuyn n v tr cn thit.

DNG LNH: Trnh n ng: Edit Text. GII THCH: Nhn phm phi chut vo khi ch, chn Edit Sketch chuyn sang mn hnh v phc. Tip tc nhn phm phi chut vo khi ch, chn Edit Text. Hp thoi hin ra chnh sa. Chng ta s nghin cu ng dng dng ch to hnh khi 3D trong phn sau.

2.2.2.20 Chnh sa khi ch

2.2.2.21 Lnh Insert Image NGHA:

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Chn bc tranh dng .BMP vo hnh phc. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Vic a bc tranh vo hnh phc c mt s chc nng sau: + Dng v li cc ng bao bng cc i tng ca Inventor to ra bin dng xy dng hnh khi 3D. + Dng lm hnh can dn ln b mt ca chi tit. Hp thoi chn tp tin hnh nh *.BMP hin ra:

Chn tp tin cn thit, nhn Open. Tr li bn v phc, nhn phm tri chut chn im t. Mi ln nhn phm tri chut ta c mt bc tranh. Nhn phm phi chut, chn Done kt thc lnh. Bc tranh c gn vo mt phng v phc.

Chng ta c th di chuyn bc tranh bng cch nhn phm tri v gi chut ti cc im nh trong hnh minh ho v a n v tr cn thit.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 57 Tng t, chng ta cng c th phng to, thu nh v xoay bc tranh.

Chng ta s nghin cu ngha ca bc tranh trong cc phn sau.

2.2.2.22 Lnh Move NGHA: Chuyn i tng t im ny n im khc. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Lnh ny ch thc hin c khi c im gc v im ch l cc i tng trong bn v. Sau khi ra lnh, hp thoi xut hin:

Nhn nt Select chn i tng. Dng nhc: Select Geometry to move: chn i tng di chuyn. Nhn nt Nhn nt chn im gc, dng nhc: Select first point. chn im ch, dng nhc: Selct second point.

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Cc im y phi l cc im thc s nh im u mt ca cc i tng, tm ng trn, cung trn, ho l mt im c v bng lnh point. Cc i m khc nh trung im, c giao im khng c chn. Nu mun bt vo trung im phi v mt im ti trc. Chn Copy s c thm mt hnh. Nhn Apply kt thc mt ln, mhm Done kt thc lnh. Hnh di minh ho lnh Move.

Hnh gc

Hnh di chuyn Copy Ngoi lnh Move, cc i tng nm ring bit hoc c mt cm cc i tng lin kt vi nhau bng cc rng buc c th b di chuyn bng cch ko mt ca s chn ton b sau nhn vo mt trong cc i tng v di chuyn, lp tc c cm hoc i tng nm ring bit c chn s di chuyn n v tr mi khng cn c cc im v trc. Nu khng chn ton b m nhn chut vo cc nt ko, hnh b ko dn xc xch.

2.2.2.23 Lnh Rotate NGHA: Xoay i tng i mt gc. DNG LNH: Thanh cng c: Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Sau khi ra lnh, hp thoi xut hin:

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Nhn nt Select chn i tng. Dng nhc: Select Geometry to Rotate: chn i tng xoay. Nhn nt chn tm xoay, dng nhc: Select center point. Angle: cho gc xoay, > 0 ngc chiu kim ng h, < 0 cng chiu kim ng h. Chn Copy s c thm mt hnh. Nhn Apply kt thc mt ln, nhn Done kt thc lnh.

2.2.2.24 Lnh Copy - Paste - Sao chp v dn1- Copy thnh vin ca hnh phc Hai lnh ny c thc hin bng cch nhn chn i tng sau nhn phm phi chut hoc g Ctrl + C (Copy), Ctrl + V (Paste). Nhn phm phi chut Trnh n ng xut hin: . Chn Copy i tng c sao chp. Nhn Paste i tng c xut hin ngay cnh i tng gc, c th ly ra v t vo ch khc bng lnh di chuyn. 2- Copy c bn v phc Nu nhn phm tri chut ti tn ca hnh phc (v d: Sketch1) trn Trnh duyt, ton b hnh trong bn v phc c chn.

Nhn Copy, tt c c sao chp. Do hnh v phc c cc rng buc nn khi nhn Paste, bn sao s ln bn chnh. Sau dng lnh Move di chuyn bn sao n v tr khc.

2.2.2.25 Lnh Delete - Xa hnh1- Xo thnh vin ca hnh phc Lnh ny c thc hin bng cch nhn chn i tng sau nhn phm phi chut, Trnh n ng xut hin nhn chn 2- Xo c bn v phc

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Nu nhn phm tri chut ti tn ca hnh phc (v d: Sketch1) trn Trnh duyt, ton b hnh trong bn v phc c chn.

Nhn phm phi, chn Delete, tt c b xo. Cc lnh Copy, Delete dng cho tt c cc i tng k c cc hnh khi (feature) sau ny.

2.2.3 RNG BUC HNH HC GIA CC I TNG HNH PHCTheo quan i m ca Inventor, cc hnh nh on thng, cung trn, ng trn, hnh elp, ch nht v.v...khi ghp li lin mch vi nhau chng c s gn b rt khng kht c v kch thc cng nh v tr tng i v phng. Khi mt i tng c thay i, ko theo cc i tng khc cng thay i theo cho ph hp. Khi v, nu trong bn v c mt s i tng, con tr lt qua i tng no, nu v tr thch hp, Inventor t ng sinh ra cc rng buc nh l bt song song hoc vung gc, thng ng hoc nm ngang bng cc k hiu hoc ng chm m dn dt cho vic v thit k c chnh xc v nhanh chng. Khi v xong, cc rng buc cha c nh , c th dng cc rng buc chnh sa.

2.2.3.1 Cch to rng buc hnh hcRng buc hnh hc gia cc i tng vi nhau to ra mi lin kt cht ch gia chng. Cc i tng b rng buc khng th tu tin thay i v tr hoc t th nu rng buc khng cho php. Cc rng buc ny cng c th b ph v bi lnh Delete. DNG LNH: Thanh cng c: buc no, nhn vo nt . nhn vo nt , mt bng cc rng buc hin ra, mun to rng

Thanh lnh: , nhn nt , trnh n lit k cc rng buc hin ra. Trnh n ng: Create Constraint, trnh n lit k cc rng buc hin ra nh sau:

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Cc rng buc c ngha sau: Perpendicular t vung gc vi mt thnh vin no . Parallel t song song vi mt thnh vin khc. Hai rng buc ny c chung dng nhc: Select First line or ellipse axis: chn ng th nht hoc mt trc ca Elp. y l i tng gc (c nh). Select second line or ellipse axis: chn ng th hai hoc mt trc ca Elp. y l i tng ph thuc (b thay i). Tangent t tip xc vi ng trn hoc cung trn. Trong ny c th cho cc i tng tip xc nhau: - Chn on thng tip xc vi ng trn, cung trn hoc elp. - Cung trn, ng trn hoc elp tip xc vi nhau. Coincident t bt dnh vo mt im ca i tng. Concentric t ng tm vi cung trn hoc ng trn. Dng nhc: Select first cirrcle arc or ellipse: chn ng th nht. Select second cirrcle arc or ellipse: chn ng th hai. Cng nh trn, i tng no t rng buc b di chuyn. Colinear t cng nm trn mt ng thng. Tng t nh trn. Horizontal t nm ngang. Vertical t thng ng. Equal t mt i tng bng i tng khc v kch thc. Dng nhc: Select first line, cirrcle, arc to equaltion: chn on thng, cung, ng trn th nht lm php bng nhau. Select second line, cirrcle, arc to equaltion: chn ng th hai. Cng nh trn, i tng no t rng buc b thay i. Nu chn vo cc i tng c rng buc bng nhau vi i tng khc, cc i tng s theo tnh bc cu. Fix t c nh khng thay i v tr cng nh kch thc. Symmetry t i xng vi i tng khc qua mt trc. Dng nhc: Select first sketch element or Restat: chn i tng th nht. Select second sketch element or Restat: chn i tng th hai. Select a symmetry line: chn trc i xng. Cng nh trn, i tng no t rng buc b di chuyn. Cc i tng b rng buc vi i tng c chn s b thay i theo gi rng buc c.

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Smooth lm cc ng cong tip xc nhau li hoc lm. Nhn chn hai ng cong ni vi nhau bng im gy khc. Rng buc ny s to ra hai on tip tuyn nhau ti tip im, s l lm hoc li tu theo tip tuyn ca hai on cong.

Cc rng buc ny c th c s dng ngay trong lc v hoc sau khi v xong quay sang chnh sa bng lnh Create Constraints v Edit Constraints.

2.2.3.2 Cho hin v n cc rng buc hnh hc

Khi v xong mt bn v phc, kim tra chng ta c th cho hin cc rng buc. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: Trnh n ng: + Cho hin cc rng buc: Show All Constraint. + Cho n cc rng buc: Hide All Constraint.

GII THCH: Sau khi ra lnh, cc rng buc hin ra hoc n i. Mun n rng buc ca tng i tng, nhn nt ti rng buc cn n. Cc rng buc ny c th g b (xo i) ring r cho tng i tng. Khi a con tr vo nt rng buc, nt c hin mu ng thi cc i tng b rng buc cng hin mu rt d kim sot.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 63 Cch xo rng buc Dng mt trong hai cch sau y: - Nhn phm tri chut vo rng buc cn xo, a con tr ra ngoi, nhn phm phi, chn Delete. - Nhn phm phi chut vo rng buc cn xo, chn Delete. Khi rng buc b xo, cc i tng trc y lin quan c gii phng, c th thay i v tr hoc t th.

2.2.4 RNG BUC V KCH THCTrong Inventor, lnh ghi kch thc (Dimension) khng ch cho bit kch thc m cn l cc gi tr thay i hnh dng ca i tng.

Trong Inventor chng ta c th v bin dng tng t nh hnh mu sau to rng buc v hnh hc gia cc hnh to nn bin dng v cho kch thc. ng thi vn c th cho s liu trc tip khi ang v. Trong cc lnh v v cc lnh hiu chnh c vic chn im, im c cho bng cch nhn chut trc tip trn mt phng phc hoc nhp theo cc phng n trong cc ca thanh cng c. Thanh cng c nh sau:

2.2.4.1 Thanh nhp s liu khi v hnh

hin thanh cng c ny dng lnh: View Toolbars Inventor precise input. Thanh ny ch c kch hot khi c mt lnh v hoc lnh hiu chnh ang thc hin. Nhn nt sau chn mt im t gc to tng i.

Nhn nt , gc to tng i lun bm theo v dnh vo im c v cui cng. Nhn nt chn cch nhp gi tr. Cc phng n hin ra, nhn chn mt phng n. + XY cho gi tr vo 2 X v Y. Nu ch nhp mt gi tr X hoc Y, im ny s nm trn ng nm ngang hoc thng ng.

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+ Cho gi tr X v gc nghing.

+

Cho Y v gc nghing.

+ Cho di v gc nghing.

im sp v

Gc to tng i

Cc gi tr trn u ph thuc vo v tr ca gc to tng i.

2.2.4.2 Lnh Create Dimension NGHA: Ghi kch thc cho cc i tng v phc nhp gi tr chnh xc. Kch thc ny nh rng buc v kch thc ca cc i tng. DNG LNH: Trnh n ng: Create Dimension Thanh lnh: Bn phm: g d GII THCH: Vi mi loi i tng c nhng thao tc ghi kch thc khc nhau. Chng c th c phn ra s b nh di y. 1- Ghi di a con tr n i tng, mi tn ch hng ghi kch thc hin ra. Nhn tri chut, cm kch thc hin ra. C th thc hin chn kch thc theo cch sau: + a con tr theo hng nm ngang hoc thng ng chi kch thc theo hnh chiu ln trc X hoc Y. Nhn tip vo i tng a con tr hng vung gc vi i tng ghi di i tng.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 65 + Nhn phm phi chut, trnh n ng hin ra.

Nhn chn: Vertical: ghi theo trc Y. Horizontal: ghi theo trc X. Aligned: ghi chnh di ca i tng.

Nhn phm tri chut, kch thc hin ln. 2- Ghi khong cch + Nhn p phm tri vo cm kch thc, mt nhp s liu hin ra . Cho gi tr kch thc ca i tng va chn, nhn nt bn cnh cp nht gi tr mi.

Lp tc, cc i tng c thay i theo kch thc cho. Cc i tng khc c lin quan cng thay i kch thc theo. Trong v d di y, on ta v ra c kch thc ngu nhin l 14,2012732mm. Ta thay bng s 15. Kt qu nh hnh di.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit T kch thc ca i tng th hai tr i c th g cng thc theo cc kch thc ghi V d, khi ghi cho d1 c th g: 2*d0 trong nhp s, kt qu d1 c di gp i d0.

trc.

Mun nhp kch thc hin ra ngay sau khi kch thc c kch hot, dng lnh Sketch Options, chn Sketch, trong hp thoi ny chn Edit dimension when created.

2.2.4.3 Cch nhp s liu

T nay v sau trong tt c cc lnh, ti cc nhp liu c dng:

Chng ta c th nhp gi tr nh sau: 1- G s. 2- G biu thc tnh ton bng s v cc hm ton hc thng dng. 3- G biu thc ph thuc vo cc i lng c t tn bng k hiu v c gi tr cho trc. 4- Nhn nt chn cc gi tr c hoc cc phng thc khc. Khi nhn nt , Trnh n ng hin ra:

Nhn chn mt trong gi tr c hoc chn: Measure: ly gi tr o c ca mt i tng c trong bn v. Con tr c dng , nhn vo i tng cn o trn bn v. Gi tr o c ca i tng c a vo nhp s liu (xem thm Lnh Measure). Tolerance: ly dung sai. Hp thoi hin ra cho dung sai:

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Nhn nt ti Type chn phng thc ghi dung sai. Cc phng thc l: Default: mc nh theo gi tr thit lp trong Document Settings. Symetrical: cn trn, cn di bng nhau. Ch cho mt gi tr dung sai.

Diviation: cn trn, cn di khc nhau. Cho hai gi tr dung sai.

Limits-Stacked: gii hn kch thc ca trc. Cho hai gi tr kch thc. Limits-Linear: gii hn kch thc ca di. Cho hai gi tr di.

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MAX, MIN: Gi tr o c c coi l MAX hoc MIN. Limits/Fits....: cho dung sai c l. Nhn nt ti cc Hole, Shaft chn cc k a hiu dung sai tng ng.

Cc kch thc c dung sai.

Khi v c mt bin dng, cha cho kch thc c th, dng lnh ny t ng hin kch thc cc i tng va v xong. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: Hp thoi hin ra:

2.2.4.4 Lnh Auto Dimension

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Nhn nt chn i tng cn hin kch thc. Nu chn i tng no th ch i tng mi hin kch thc. Nu khng chn i tng, nhn Apply, tt c cc kch thc t ng hin ra. Nhn Remove tt tt c cc kch thc. Chng ta c th thay i gi tr cc kch thc ny nh bnh thng.

2.2.4.5 Lnh chn phng thc hin th kch thc

Kch thc ca mt i tng c hin th theo 3 phng thc: 1- Hin th gi tr bng s. 2- Hin th k hiu bng ch. Cc s kch thc o c hoc g vo l cc s bnh thng, nhng khi hin th l cc k hiu bng ch d0, d1, d2.... theo th t lc ghi. Bt u t kch thc th hai c th vit bng cng thc c tham s bng ch l cc kch thc ghi trc n, gi tr c ly theo cng thc, hin th vn l cc k hiu nh trn. 3- Hin th bng cng thc. Kch thc l cc bin s, biu din di dng ng thc: Cc s kch thc o c hoc g vo l cc s bnh thng, nhng khi hin th l cc k hiu bng ch d0=....., d1, d2.... theo th t lc ghi. Bt u t kch thc th hai c th vit bng cng thc c tham s bng ch l cc kch thc ghi trc n, gi tr c ly theo cng thc, hin th cng l cng thc. V d: d0 = 2.45, d1 = 5.674, d3 = 2*d1, v. v.... Khi cc k hiu kch thc tham gia vo cng thc (bin s) thay i gi tr th cc i tng ph thuc cng thay i theo c v gi tr cng nh hnh dng. Cc thit lp phng thc hin th ny c gii thiu ti lnh Document Settings -> Units, hoc c th chn phng thc hin th v to rng buc v kch thc gia cc i tng ngay ti cm kch thc trn hnh phc. DNG LNH: C hai cch:

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1- a con tr ra khong trng ca bn v, nhn phm phi chut, s hin mt Trnh n ng, nhn chn Dimension Display, chn mt trong cc phng thc hin th:

Value cho hin th bng s. Name cho hin th k hiu bng ch. Expression cho hin th bng cng thc. Tolerance cho hin c dung sai. Precise Value cho hin gi tr chnh xc. Kch thc s hin ra vi 8 ch s thp phn sau du phy. 2- a con tr vo mt kch thc bt k, nhn phm phi chut, s hin mt Trnh n ng, chn Dimension Properties. GII THCH: Khi nhn chn theo cch 1, cc kch thc lp tc hin th theo phng n chn. Khi chn theo cch 2, hp thoi xut hin:

Nhn chn mc Document Settings, nhn nt ti Modeling Dimension Display, mt danh sch cc phng thc hin ra, nhn chn mt phng thc cn thit, nhn OK kt thc.

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Ti y cng c th cho gi tr dung sai. Tt c cc kch thc lp tc hin th theo phng n chn. Hnh di minh ha hin th kch thc bng ch v bng cng thc.

2.2.4.6 Lnh Parameters NGHA: Lnh ny cho cc kch thc bng cng thc, cho s, hay ch k hiu kch thc. Lnh ny c th c s dng ti cc bn thit k chi tit (Part - .IPT) khi v phc hoc dng hnh khi cng nh ti bn lp ghp (Assembly .IAM). DNG LNH: Trnh n: Tools Parameters Thanh lnh: GII THCH: Hp thoi hin ra:

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Trong hp thoi ny c 2 loi tham s: Model Parameters - cc tham s hnh hc ca m hnh 3 chiu (chi tit ). N gm cc kch thc ca hnh phc v cc kch thc ca hnh khi c thit k trong bn v. Cc tham s t ng hin ra, chng ta c th thay i gi tr ca chng. User Parameters - cc tham s do ngi dng a vo . Cc tham nh th tch, khi s lng, di, thi gian v.v.... Cc tham s ny c th hiu nh cc bin d tr cho cc thng s hnh hc ca chi tit tham chiu ti. Mun to ra cc tham s ny, nhn chut vo mc ny, nhn nt Add. Mt dng hin ra cho cc thng s. Mi ln nhn Add, thm c mt dng.

Bin SBR c dng cho d26

Trong mi bng gm cc ct sau: Parameter Name - tn tham s + i vi Model Parameters, mc nh l dn (d0, d1, d2 v...), c th cho tn khc tu bng cch nhn vo tn cn thay i sau g tn khc. y chnh l tn bin s lu gi tr tham s ca chi tit. + i vi User Parameters, ti ny chng ta phi t tn mi, cc tn ny khng c trng vi tn cc tham s ca Model.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 73 Units - n v o (th nguyn) + i vi Model Parameters, th nguyn ny ph thuc vo lc chn tiu chun v v ph thuc vo tham s rt ra t chi tit thit k. + i vi User Parameters, khi nhn vo ct ny, mt bng cc th nguyn hin ra chng ta chn (chng ti cho ting Vit vo bn cnh) :

Nhn vo nt + s hin tip n v chn (hp thoi bn phi). V d trong Length c milimeter (mm), centimeter (cm) v.v.... Equation - biu thc Ti y c th g s, biu thc ton hc rng buc gia cc tham s trong chi tit. Value: gi tr ca tham s. Cc gi tr ny t ng hin th theo cc biu thc cho ti Equation. Comment - li ch thch Tol. (Tolerance) - nh gi tr dung sai + i vi Model Parameters, gi tr dung sai c cho ti lnh Document Settings -> Units hoc cho trc tip trn kch thc c chn (xem mc chn phng thc hin th kch thc). Kch thc no c dung sai c gch chn. + Nhng kch thc no c dng Parameters c ghi ch fx: ng trc.

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Ct

- cho xut gi tr

Mun xut gi tr no, nhn nh du vo tng ng. i vi tt c cc tham s ni trn u c th thay i bng cch nhn phm tri chut vo tham s cn t hoc thay i, cho gi tr mi. C th thay cc ch k hiu kch thc bng cc ch khc tu . Cng thc ch s rng buc gia cc kch thc bng cc biu thc ton hc v n c th b thay i bt c lc no theo ca ngi thit k. Nt Display only parameters used in equation: ch cho hin nhng tham s c tham gia trong biu thc. Nhn Done kt thc lnh. Ti bn v nhn nt Update cc i tng trn bn v lp tc b thay i theo. Trong v d, ta thay d2 = 12, kt qu nh hnh di

Qua y chng ta thy cc kch thc u c t tn mc nh l dxx, chng ta c th t tn khc theo thit k.

2.2.4.7 Chnh sa kch thc

Vic chnh sa kch thc thc ra l chnh sa i tng c tin hnh theo mt trong cc cch sau: - Khi cha c kch thc: dng lnh Create Dimension. - c kch th c: nhy p chut vo kch thc cn sa, cc bc tip theo nh gii thiu trn. - Dng lnh Parameters.

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2.2.5 CC THAO TC KHC VI HNH PHCCc i tng v phc c chia lm hai loi: - Thnh vin tham gia to hnh (Sketch Element) l Normal. - ng h tr hay ng dng hnh l cc ng ph gip cho vic v, ly rng buc, bt im c nhanh chng chnh xc hoc rng buc vi nhau gi l Construction line. t kiu i tng s v bng cch chn i tng sau nhn nt trn thanh cng c. Normal: cc i tng s l thnh vin to hnh v phc cho cng vic to khi 3 chiu. Construction: cc ng dng hnh lm c s v cc i tng chnh (thng c t thnh mu vng nu). Cc i tng ny khng lm ng bin dng to hnh khi. Centerline: ng tm. Hole Center: tm ca l. Nhn vo mt im sau nhn vo nt ny, s xut hin mt im lm tm ca l khoan to bng lnh Hole. Mt i tng c th b chuyn kiu bt c lc no. Di y minh ha mt s loi ng: Hole Center Centerline

2.2.5.1 Kiu i tng 2D

Construction

Normal

2.2.5.2 Lnh Close Loop - khp kn hnhSau khi v xong, nhn phm phi chut vo hnh phc, chn trn Trnh n ng. Chn ln lt cc i tng ni vi nhau lin mch.

2.2.5.3 Lnh Sketch Doctor - kim tra hnh

Sau khi v xong, mun kim tra xem hnh phc c g sai st, nhn phm phi chut vo hnh phc, chn Sketch Doctor. Hp thoi hin ra:

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit Nhn nt Diagnose Sketch bt u kim tra. Hp thoi chn cc phng n chn

on:

Cc phng n nh sau: Redundant points: c cc im tha. Missing coincident constraints: thiu s trng kht. Overlaping curves: cc i tng chng ln nhau. Open loops: hnh cha c khp kn. Self-intersecting loops: mt i tng t giao vi mnh. Nhn OK tip tc, hp thoi tip theo:

My t ng kim tra v x l. Nhn Finish kt thc. Hnh di minh ho mt bn v phc hon chnh.

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2.2.5.4 Lnh Measure NGHA: o di i tng, gc gia cc i tng, din tch, chu vi ca bin dng. DNG LNH:

Trnh n: Tools Trnh n ng:

GII THCH: Trong qu trnh v thit k, chng ta c th thc hin cc lnh o ( Measure) bt c lc no. Sau khi ra lnh, con tr c dng: . Measure Distance: o di ca i tng hoc khong cch gia hai i tng hoc hai im im. 1- o di i tng: a con tr vo i tng, nhn phm tri chut, thng bo di hin ra.

2- o khong cch gia hai i tng hoc hai im. a con tr vo i tng (im) th nht, nhn phm tri chut, a con tr vo i tng (im) th hai, thng bo khong cch hin ra.

Gia hai i tng

Gia 2 im

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Measure Angle: o gc gia hai i tng. Nhn phm tri chut vo hai on thng, thng bo kt qu hin ra.

Measure Loop: o chu vi mt hnh khp kn. Nhn phm tri chut vo hnh khp kn, thng bo kt qu hin ra. i vi hnh khng kn, khng o c.

Measure Area: din tch mt vng khp kn Nhn phm tri chut vo hnh khp kn, thng bo kt qu hin ra. i vi hnh khng kn, khng o c.

Trong khi o, c th nhn nt chn phng thc o khc nh hp thoi di y.

Add to Accumulate: a kt qu vo b gp (cng dn). Mi ln o mt di, chu vi hoc din tch, chng ta nhn dng ny cng dn. Cleare Accumulate: xo kt qu cng dn. Display Accumulate: cho hin kt qu cng dn. Vi mi phng thc o chng ta c kt qu tng ng. Reset: o li. Xo kt qu o i tng khc. Nhn ESC hoc nt kt thc lnh.

2.2.5.5 Lnh Insert AutoCAD Drawing NGHA: Chn bn v ca AutoCAD hoc AutoCAD Mechanical vo bn v phc. DNG LNH: Thanh lnh: GII THCH:

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit 79 Bn v AutoCAD hoc AutoCAD Mechanical thng l nhng bn v n gin c th dng c vo vic to ra cc khi 3D. Sau khi bn v c chn vo, tt c cc i tng ca bn v k c mt ct (Hatch)... u bin thnh cc i tng thng minh ca Inventor. Sau khi ra lnh, hp thoi xut hin:

Dng chut nh du vo tn bn v cn a vo., nhn Open. Bn v lp tc c a vo vng v phc ca Inventor. Trong hp thoi ny c nt Find tm bn v nu khng nh c tn th mc cha n. File of Type: chn kiu tp bn v. Nhn nt , c cc ki u hin ra. C 2 kiu DWG v DXF.

Slecttive import - chn cc i tng a vo Cc i tng c chn theo cc nhm sau: - Nhn chn theo lp. Chn cc i tng ti cc lp c nh du a vo. Trong ny c danh sch t t c cc lp cha cc i tng ca AutoCAD. Hnh bn cnh hin th y cc i tng, nu lp no khng cn a vo, trn hnh s khng hin th cc i tng thuc lp . - All: ON - chn tt c cc i tng theo cc lp chn. OFF - chn tng i tng. Trng hp ny, nhn nt mi tn bn cnh, sau chn i tng ti vng cha hnh v. C th ly hnh ca tp tin AutoCAD t khng gian m hnh ( Model Space) hoc khng gian giy v (Layout) bng cch nhn chn mt trong hai nt ny.

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AUTODESK INVENTOR Thit k chi tit Nt 3DSOLIDS: cho php ly cc hnh khi th c 3D ca AutoCAD.

Import Files Units - n v ca tp nhp vo C 2 la chn: Detected Units: chn n v t ng. Theo phng n ny, n v s ly theo thit lp n v to khi (gi tr INSUNITS) ca AutoCAD thng l Incher hoc mm. Specify Units: nhn nt chn cc n v: Incher, Cm (xng ti mt) v mm (milimt). Nhn Finish, bn v c a vo v tr thnh cc i tng ca hnh v phc .

Chng ta c th s dng mt s i tng to thnh bin dng phc v cho vic to ra hnh khi 3D. s dng mt cch hiu qu chc nng ny, chng ta c th v nhng bin dng ring bit (m trong Inventor thy kh thc hin) trong AutoCAD sau dng lnh ny chuyn vo Inventor.

kt thc vic v phc, chuyn sang bc to khi 3D, chng ta c th thc hin theo cc cch sau: - Nhn nt Return trn thanh cng c. - Hoc nhn phm phi chut ti vng trng ca bn v, Trnh n ng hin ra, nh n chn Finish Sketch. Kt thc phn v phc 2D, chng ti mun nhc li l khi thit k cc hnh khi 3D ti cc tp tin (file) .IPT, lp rp cc hnh khi ti tp tin .IAM hoc v cc hnh phng ti tp tin .IDW, nu dng n SKETCH chng ta lun lun ph s dng cc lnh trnh by ti i chng ny.

2.2.5.6 Kt thc vic v phc

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inv-2008 - chuong 2-1

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