jp kenny renewables

Experience that Delivers

General Presentation on UK Experience in Offshore Wind Construction英国在海上风电场建设方面的经验介绍

J P Kenny Renewables J P 肯尼可再生能源公司

Andrew MacSorley – Head of Engineering - Renewables

22nd September 2011

安德鲁 · 麦克索雷 – 可再生能源工程主管2011 年 9 月 22 日

Experience that Delivers 2

• Good experience gained over past decade 在过去十年中获得的宝贵经验。• Some experiences from which we have learned from too 我们所获得一些经验。• Focus today on those experiences which gave us the most learning, specifically on foundations

and cabling construction 今天我们对这些经验的关注，使我们学到了很多东西，尤其是关于如何打好基础以及为电缆铺设。

• Content: 内容：– Chronological Evolution of Construction Methodologies and Technologies 建设方法和技术的

逐渐演变。– What specific experiences? 特殊经验：

Contracting strategies 合同策略 Informed purchasers? 买家是否获得足够信息？ Contractors and equipment 承包商和设备 Export & inter-array cabling 输出端口和内部电缆铺设 Technical awareness 技术认知度

Preamble前言

UK Experience on Offshore Wind Construction英国在海上风电建设方面的经验


• Key Drivers Influencing Evolution and Development影响建设方法和技术的演变与发展的重要因素– Survivability 耐久性– Reliability 可靠性

• Wind Turbine Generators 风力发电机– Increasing power generating capacities 提高风力

发电能力– Increasing size and weight 扩大规模及增加重量– Multiple offshore lifts to single lifts 多重海上升降机

连接到一个升降机上– Increasing onshore pre-commissioning 增加陆上

试运行

Chronological Evolution of Methodologies and Technologies建设方法和技术的逐渐演变



• Foundations and Substructures 基础和架构– Increasing water depths 水深增加– Increasing distances from shore 离岸距离

增加– Reducing number of offshore operations

减少海上操作数量– Improving safety 增强安全性– Monopiles / GBS / tripods / jackets /

floating 单桩式 /GBS/ 多桩式基础 / 桁架式 / 漂浮式

Chronological Evolution of Methodologies and Technologies建设方法和技术的逐渐演变



Specific Experience – Offshore 特殊经验 – 离岸


• 40 YEARS collective experience within the offshore environment 我们已经拥有离岸环境中总计 40 年的宝贵经验。

• Involvement in excess of 800 RENEWABLE ENERGY projects to date 目前为止，我们共参与了超过 800 个可再生能源项目。

• Assessed OVER 50,000 MW of renewable energy development internationally 我们在全球评估的可再生能源发展项目总量超过了 50,000 MW 。

• We have DESIGNED and PROJECT MANAGED subsea developments in water depths up to 2,500 METRES 我们曾在水深达 2500 米的水下设计及实施管理了水下开发项目。

• Engineered more than 500,000 KM of trunklines around the world 我们共在全球铺设了超过 50 万公里的干线。

• Voted SUBSEA COMPANY OF THE YEAR in 2007 by Subsea UK2007 年，我们被英国 SUBSEA COMPANY评选为 2007 年最佳深海工程公司。


Specific Experience – Offshore Wind 特殊经验 – 海上风电


We have the capability to deliver value at every stage of a project lifecycle and provide a comprehensive “BLADE TIP TO BEACH” service我们有能力在项目周期的每一个阶段实施工作，我们能够提供 “从叶片到海滩”的综合、全面的服务。

传输系统海上变电站岸上变电站

风力发电机组测风塔

海底电缆


• Understandable desire by developers to quantify risk and liability completely开发商希望能够在完全理解情况的前提下将风险和责任完全量化。

• Sometimes led to placing of contracts with entities not best placed to manage that risk – detrimental to contractor AND developer 有时这将导致与并非管理风险的最佳人选的一方签订合同——这对承包商和开发商来说都是非常糟糕的。

• No one-size-fits-all yet although definite desire for EPC type contracts 没有一个一劳永逸的解决方案，但很明显的是， EPC类型的合同是我们非常倾向的。

• Examples范例– Alliance type arrangement联合类型安排– EPC

– Developer managed multi contract 开发商管理之下的多个合同– Concept, FEED, engineering and project management entity led概念、 FEED 、工程和项目管理实体领导

Specific Experience – Contracting Strategies特殊经验– 合同策略



• Many onshore developers moving offshore without the experience of working offshore许多陆上开放商在没有海上工作经验的情况下就贸然进入离岸领域。

• Offshore rectification costs can be 10x+ that of onshore 海上矫正成本可以是陆上的 10倍以上。– Onshore crane vs offshore crane 陆上起重机与海上起重

机– Effect of weather offshore 海上气候的影响– Supply chain limitations 供应链限制

• That which works onshore doesn’t necessarily work offshore 陆上工作环境中可以使用的方法不一定适用于海上工作环境中。

• Safety 安全

Specific Experience – Informed Purchasers特殊经验– 买家是否获得足够信息？



• Risk is best managed by those who understand it best and can therefore mitigate it 风险在那些对工作风险有很好了解的人的管理之下，可以得到控制和降低。

• Complicated issue as influenced by contract由于承包带来了一些复杂的问题。

• However, examples of inexperience or inadequate equipment are available但是，仍然出现由于缺少经验或设备能力不足所导致的窘境：– Substation installation – contracted vessel not up to the job –

expensive alternative mobilised 变电站安装——预定的安装船无法完成任务——改用昂贵的备选方案。

– Cable lay – installation platform not capable in given environment – damage to cable 电缆敷设——现有环境下无法提供安装平台——将对电缆造成损害。

Specific Experience – Contractor and Equipment特殊经验– 承包商和设备



• Cabling = approx. 7% of capital cost, 70% of insurance claims 电缆所耗费的成本约占全部资本投入的 7% ，保险总额的 70% 。

• Typically 1 to 3 cables per WTG 一般来说每个风力发电机组安装 1 到 3条电缆。

• Example: UK Round 3 based on water depth alone, about 30% suitable for monopiles范例：英国第 3 期仅根据水深敷设，其中约 30%适用于单桩式基础。

- = significant number of cable entries! = 可观数量的电缆输入数！

- Optimised monopile cable entry still very relevant优化的适用于单桩式基础电缆仍处于良好使用状态中

• Diverless solutions are preferred – however not altogether achieved 我们倾向于无需潜水员协助的解决方案——但目前尚且无法实现。

• Carbon Trust cable installation study碳信托计划电缆安装方案研究。

Specific Experience – Cabling特殊经验– 电缆



• Many issues arisen which have been experienced previously – lessons not learned from other industries现在出现的许多问题我们以前都曾经历过——这些经验在其他行业中是不能汲取到的。– Transition piece grouting转换导管接头灌浆– Foundation concepts 基础材料– Cable lay in high current zones 高流量区的电缆敷

设– Cable burial and protection 电缆敷设及保护– Personnel & equipment transfer 人员与设备的运

输

Specific Experience – Technical Awareness特殊经验– 技术认知度


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