Knowledge management – a definitionKnowledge management – a definition

“ “A conscious strategy of getting the right knowledge A conscious strategy of getting the right knowledge to the right people at the right time and helping people to the right people at the right time and helping people share and put information into action in ways that strive share and put information into action in ways that strive to improve organisational performance”to improve organisational performance”

O’Dell and GraysonO’Dell and Grayson

Two types of knowledge Two types of knowledge

TacitTacit We know some of what we knowWe know some of what we know

ExplicitExplicit We know more than we can tellWe know more than we can tell

Source: PolanyiSource: Polanyi

Two types of tacit knowledge Two types of tacit knowledge

CognitiveCognitive Mental models, beliefs, values, viewpointsMental models, beliefs, values, viewpoints

TechnicalTechnical Concrete know how and skillsConcrete know how and skills

Source: Hsu and ShenSource: Hsu and Shen

Five core issues around knowledge managementFive core issues around knowledge management

VisibilityVisibility ManipulabilityManipulability Detached involvementDetached involvement Ambivalent manipulationAmbivalent manipulation Accepted responsibilityAccepted responsibility

Source: Thomas et alSource: Thomas et al

Four essentials of knowledge management Four essentials of knowledge management

Capturing the most valuable information and knowledgeCapturing the most valuable information and knowledge Validating to ensure relevance and accuracyValidating to ensure relevance and accuracy Accessing what is needed when it is neededAccessing what is needed when it is needed Scaling – managing ever increasing volumesScaling – managing ever increasing volumes

Source: RuddySource: Ruddy

Four factors in managing knowledgeFour factors in managing knowledge

Culture Is there a will for all this?Culture Is there a will for all this?Old Pros Humans with invaluable tacit knowledgeOld Pros Humans with invaluable tacit knowledgeArchives Stored explicit knowledgeArchives Stored explicit knowledgeProcesses Ways to capture store and share knowledgeProcesses Ways to capture store and share knowledge

Source: WellmanSource: Wellman

Four fundamentals of knowledge managementFour fundamentals of knowledge management

Knowledge is abundant not scarceKnowledge is abundant not scarceKnowledge works best through sharing not hoardingKnowledge works best through sharing not hoardingKnowledge resides in people – Knowledge resides in people – thethe most valuable resource most valuable resourceKnowledge derives from learning and experienceKnowledge derives from learning and experience

Source: WaddockSource: Waddock

Four stages in the knowledge management cycleFour stages in the knowledge management cycle

Knowledge creationKnowledge creation Knowledge adoptionKnowledge adoption Knowledge distributionKnowledge distribution Knowledge review and revisionKnowledge review and revision

Source: GoneshSource: Gonesh

Five stages in real knowledge managementFive stages in real knowledge management

Identification Identification

ExtractionExtraction

StorageStorage

DistributionDistribution

AccessAccess

Source: Andrew GibbonsSource: Andrew Gibbons

Six outcomes of a knowledge auditSix outcomes of a knowledge audit

Identification of glut or lack of information and knowledgeIdentification of glut or lack of information and knowledge Lack of awareness of information held elsewhereLack of awareness of information held elsewhere Inability to keep abreast of relevant informationInability to keep abreast of relevant information Significant wheel reinventionSignificant wheel reinvention Common use of out-of-date informationCommon use of out-of-date information Not knowing sources of expertiseNot knowing sources of expertise

Source: GrossmanSource: Grossman

Seven components of wisdomSeven components of wisdom

The wisdom of:The wisdom of:

dualityduality

resonanceresonance

ecologyecology

aggregationaggregation

magnamanitymagnamanity

stratificationstratification

enlightenmentenlightenment

Nine classes of data for knowledge managementNine classes of data for knowledge management

Five primary classes AcquisitionFive primary classes Acquisition SelectionSelection GenerationGeneration AssimilationAssimilation EmissionEmission

Four secondary classes LeadershipFour secondary classes Leadership Co-ordinationCo-ordination ControlControl MeasurementMeasurement Source: JonesSource: Jones

The key to knowledge management The key to knowledge management

““If only we knew what we know”If only we knew what we know”

Jerry JunkinsJerry Junkins

““The most valuable asset of a 21The most valuable asset of a 21stst century centuryInstitution, whatever business or non-business, Institution, whatever business or non-business, will be its knowledge workers and their productivity”will be its knowledge workers and their productivity”

Peter DruckerPeter Drucker