Lab and Tool Safety

Safety in the Classroom

• Safety is a state of mind and a series of actions,

– Make safety a high priority,

– Use common sense,

• Safety is a set of actions,

– Follow all safety rules,

– Work in a safe way with:

• People,

• Machines,

• Materials

Safety with People

• Personal Safety,– Concentrate on your work,– Dress Properly, (Avoid loose clothing)– Control your hair,– Protect your eyes,– Protect your hearing,– Do not use compressed air to clear away wood chips or

debris,– Think before acting,– Ask questions, if you are unsure whether something is safe or

not,– Seek First Aid for any injuries,– Follow all the specific safety rules identified by the instructor,

Safety around others

• AVOID HORSEPLAY,

• Never talk to someone operating a machine,

• Do not cause other people harm by carelessly placing materials and tools on the tables or power tools,

Safety with Materials

• Handle materials properly and with care,– Watch long pieces of material,– Use extreme caution when handling sheet

metal,– Grip hot materials with tongs, or pliers,– Wear gloves when handling hot or sharp

materials,– Use extreme caution in handling hot liquids

and molten metals,

Safety with Materials

• Check all material for sharp edges,• Place material that gives off fumes in a

well ventilated area,• Lift material properly, lift with your legs not

your back,• Dispose of all scrap material, do not leave

it for someone else to clean up,• Dispose of hazardous wastes and rags

properly,

Safety with Machines

• Use only sharp tools and well-maintained machines,

• Return all tools and machine accessories to their proper storage locations,

• Use the RIGHT tool and machine for the RIGHT job,

• Do not use any power tool or machine without permission from the instructor,

• Always wear eye protection,(Safety Goggles)

Safety with Machines

• Keep hands away from all moving cutters and blades,

• Use push sticks to feed all materials into the wood cutting machines,

• Use ALL machine guards,• Do not leave a machine until the cutter has

stopped completely,• Whenever possible, clamp all work,• Unplug all machines, before changing blades

and or cutters,

Safety with Machines

• Remove all chuck keys or wrenches before starting the machine,

• Remove all scraps and tools from the machine before using it,

• Remove scraps with a push stick,

• Do not try to complete a process that has not been demonstrated to you,

• Always wear safety glasses,

Band Saw Safety

You’ll learn:– hazards of operating a band saw– general machine safety rules– rules specific to saws and– rules specific to band saws

Common Hazards

The operator is required to hand-feed and manipulate the stock against the blade saw along a predetermined line. The operator must also keep the stock flat on the work table and exert the proper cutting pressure. This machine is usually considered a manual feed tool.

Safety Hazards of Band Saws

• Point of operation - Contact with the moving blade may occur.

• In-running nip points - Clothing, hair, or hands may be caught by and pulled into feed rolls or the pulley mechanism.

• Kickbacks - Stock caught by the blade may be thrown back at the operator.

• Flying Chips - Wood chips and splinters may be thrown by the cutting action of the blade.

•Struck by – Broken saw blades may fly out and strike employee.

General machine safety

This section contains the general requirements for equipment including:

• Securing machinery - Secure machines designed tostay in one place.

• Slipping hazards - Protect yourself from slipping hazards.

• Arrange work areas to avoid creating hazards – Make sure there is adequate space around machinery so students can clean and handle material without interference from other students or machines, do not have to stand in the way of passing traffic, and bring in and remove materials safely.

General machine safety

• Hand feeding and retrieval tools (Push Sticks) – Make sure hand feeding and retrieval tools meet the following requirements:

• are suitable for the work to be done

• don’t create a hazard when used

• are of a size and shape that will keep the operator’s hands outside the hazardous area

• are constructed so that they won’t shatter if they come in contact with the machine tool

NOTE: Tools such as push sticks or push blocks can not be used instead of required safeguarding.

General machine safety

• Adjusting or repairing machinery – Make sure power-driven machinery is completely stopped before either making adjustments or repairs or removing material or refuse from the machine

• Power transmission parts - inspect them and keep them in good condition

• Protect employees lubricating moving machinery – keep your hands out of hazardous areas and by requiring employees to not wear closely fitted clothing.

General requirements for all saws

Applies to all materials. wood and metals, plastics, composites and other materials.

General requirements for all saws

• Make sure saws are safe to use - This means removing from service a saw that has any of the following problems:

• Cracked

• Dull

• Badly set

• Improperly filed

• Improperly tensioned

• Clean any saw where gum has begun to stick on the sides

• Eliminate unintended fence and table movement during use

• Keep hinged tables and fences firmly secured and in true alignment for all positions

Specific to band saws

Fully enclose band saw wheels with wheel guards that meet the following requirement:

– The outside periphery of the wheel enclosure is solid

Specific to Band saws (continued)

Enclose, or guard all portions of the blade except for the working portion of the blade between the guide rolls and the table.

Drill Press Safety• Secure bit in chuck by placing the chuck key in two of the three holes and

twisting firmly. • Remove chuck key immediately after installing or removing a bit. • Brush the table with a shop brush, never with your hand. • Use a scrap block of wood to drill into under the work place. • To prevent injury to the hands when working on the drill press, always

secure your work piece to the table by either clamping, vice, or jig. • Make all set-up adjustments such as table height, depth stop, and fastening

material to table before machine is turned on. • Consult the speed chart for correct speed setting when drilling various

materials. • The bit should be withdrawn frequently when drilling large or deep holes

to prevent damage to the bit. Locate center of holes with a center punch. • A V-Block should be used when drilling round material.     

Disc Sander Safety Rules

• Make sure the sanding surface is not loose. • Make sure the metal table is adjusted to the necessary

angle. • Always use the downward motion of the rotating disc.

The downward motion of the rotating disc will allow the user to have control and prevent injury.

• Keep fingers far from the sanding surface to prevent injury.

• Make sure the disc sander has come to a complete stop before making adjustments or finished.

Lifting Safety:• #1 • Squat • Load between legs • Back straight and vertical • #2 • Push up with legs • Keep load close • #3 • Lift load with arms • Keep load close • Change direction with feet • Don't twist body

Assignment

• Read Chapter 5- Material Properties– Pages 59-68– Complete Questions 1-10 on pages 67-68,– Pick 10 Key words from page 67 and define

them,