latar belakang composite shear plate coupling...
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DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural EngineersDAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural Engineers ISEMS, 7 – 8 Nov 2013
Suryani Mettawana, Suryani Mettawana, Suryani Mettawana, Suryani Mettawana, Structure Engineer, DS&P
TINJAUAN BALOK PERANGKAI KHUSUS (RC LINKED BEAM) TINJAUAN BALOK PERANGKAI KHUSUS (RC LINKED BEAM) TINJAUAN BALOK PERANGKAI KHUSUS (RC LINKED BEAM) TINJAUAN BALOK PERANGKAI KHUSUS (RC LINKED BEAM) DENGAN GAYA GESER TINGGI PADA DINDING OUTRIGGER DENGAN GAYA GESER TINGGI PADA DINDING OUTRIGGER DENGAN GAYA GESER TINGGI PADA DINDING OUTRIGGER DENGAN GAYA GESER TINGGI PADA DINDING OUTRIGGER
GEDUNG 50 LANTAIGEDUNG 50 LANTAIGEDUNG 50 LANTAIGEDUNG 50 LANTAI
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural EngineersDAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural Engineers ISEMS, 7 – 8 Nov 2013
� Latar Belakang
� Prinsip kerja outrigger & linked beam
� Composite Shear Plate Coupling Beam
� Photo pelaksanaan di lapangan
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural EngineersDAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural Engineers ISEMS, 7 – 8 Nov 2013
Latar Belakang
� Vu < Ø Vn Vn = Vc + Vs
� Linked beam pada gedung tinggi biasanya menghasilkan gaya geser yang sangat besar.
� Apakah bisa dikerjakan dengan cara memperbesar penampang jika Vu > Ø Vn ?
� Bagaimana jika dimensi yang diperoleh menjadi tidak layak/feasible untuk dibangun?
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� Apartemen 50 lantai di atas 3 lapis basement
� Luas lantai tipikal = 1600 m2 (27x61)
� Tebal core 65cm
� Periode getar 6.5 s
� Sepasang Outrigger setinggi 3 lantai di
level 22,23,24
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Outrigger� Definisi: A support that extends out from the base of a tall item to
add stability.� Outrigger system performance is affected by:
1. outrigger locations through the height of a building, 2. the number of levels of outriggers provided, 3. their plan locations, 4. the presence of belt trusses to engage adjacent perimeter columns versus stand alone mega columns, 5. outrigger truss depths, 6. and the primary structural materials used
Reduce bending moment and add building stiffness
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Lokasi Outrigger
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Lokasi Link Beam padaDinding Outrigger
4 buah linked beam padadinding outrigger
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Momen guling diubah menjadi gaya tarik tekan
M1 = 80.000tonM2L
Vu
M2 = M1 + Vu.LNilai M1 = 68% M2Nilai Vu.L = 32% M2
M1 = 80000 t.m
M2 = 117000 t.m
Vu = 1420 t
L = 26.7m
Overturning moment less 32%
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Gaya Geser Core Wall dan Gaya Axial Kolom Outrigger
Hanya akibat beban gempa, belum digabung dengan beban
mati dan beban hidup
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Gedung tinggi harus KUAT dan KAKU terhadap beban gempa dan angin.
Gunakan outrigger dinding beton
Tidak ada ‘complete perimeter column frame’ maka harusmengandalkan kekakuan core
Semakin kaku core wall, semakin besar gaya geser pada coupling beam.
CEK COUPLING RATIO
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COUPLING BEAM(Linked Beam)
Menggabungkan (coupled) dua atau lebih RCwall agar bekerja bersama-sama, sehinggalebih efisien
Keuntungan dari coupling beam1. Mereduksi bending momen di dasar coupled
shear wall2. Menambah kekakuan gedung3. Mendisipasi energi gempa. Sebagai
penghubung yang daktail sehingga dapat mengalami simpangan yang relatif besar setelah leleh tanpa kehilangan kekuatan
Perilaku coupling beam sangat menentukan perilaku secara keseluruhan dari sistem coupled walls
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Moment vs displacement
Efek coupling ratio
terhadap roof deflection
Hasil Study Hybrid Coupled Wall 12 lantai
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Coupling Beam
Ratio (CR)
Nilai proporsi overturning moment
yang ditahan oleh system coupled
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CR = 0 % Tidak ada coupling action (balok di modelkan sebagai pin)
CR 50% Coupling action menahan setengah overturning moment, sisanya ditahan oleh reaksi momen individu tiap wall (m 1 dan m 2)
CR = 100% Kedua dinding beton berperilaku efektif sebagai satu kesatuan. Yang mana akan tercapai jika jarak coupling beam mendekati nol.
Performance based design approach
Dilakukan berbagai analisa & percobaan untuk mencari nilai CR optimum
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CR < 50% agar Vu < Ø Vn.
Tetapi struktur kurang efisien
Gunakan CR 60%-80%
dengan pembatasan tegangan tekan pada
dinding beton < 35% kapasitas tekannya. Untuk
mengatasi Vu yang besar, dilakukan modifikasi
Peraturan yang ada (strength based design)
Rekomendasi
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Flow chart desain Coupling Beams Ln/H<4
Vu < Ø Vn
O/S shear re-check
dimensi
Ln/H<2 dan Vu>1/3√fc’Acw
Tidak
Coupling Beams
Konvensional
Ya Coupling Beams
dengan tul. diagonal
Alternatif lain
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Composite Shear Plate
H
Ln
Ya
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Perbandingan gaya geser pada coupling beam tipikal dan coupling beam pada outrigger
Nilai CR = 74%
Tipe Spandrel Concrete grade
Geometry Factored Loads
Width (mm)
Depth(mm)
Span(mm)
Shear(kN)
Moment(kN-m)
Ø Vn
Spandrel tipikal SP2 Fc’ 30 MPa 300 1300 950 700 - 1000 400-550 1424
Spandrel outrigger Fc’ 45 MPa 450 1300 1020 4270 2216 2510
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Composite Shear Plate Linked Beam
Pasang tulangan horisontal
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Langkah Perhitungan Composite Shear Plate Coupling Beam
1. Embedded plate didesain untuk mentransfer semua gaya geser dan momen ujung pelat baja ke dalam dinding beton.
2. Gaya geser Vu ditahan seluruhnya oleh pelat baja tentukan tebal pelat 3. Hitung panjang penyaluran pelat baja ke dalam dinding berdasarkan diagram
keseimbangan di atas4. Nilai w adalah tegangan tumpu beton akibat gaya geser dan momen yang
dipindahkan dari pelat baja ke beton lewat shear stud. Dengan menghitung keperluan jumlah shearstud, diperoleh nilai w
5. Perhatikan syarat jarak antar shear stud dan ketentuan desain baja lainnya
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DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural EngineersDAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural Engineers ISEMS, 7 – 8 Nov 2013
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PHOTO PELAKSANAAN DINDING OUTRIGGER
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural EngineersDAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural Engineers ISEMS, 7 – 8 Nov 2013Shear stud groups 352 buah
pada pelat tebal 32mm
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DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural EngineersDAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERSStructural Engineers ISEMS, 7 – 8 Nov 2013
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REFERENSI1. Tata Cara Perhitungan Struktur Beton untuk Bangunan Gedung
SK SNI 03-2847-2002. Indonesia2. T.Paulay, M.J.N. Priestley, Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete
and Masonry Buildings (1991)3. Structural Engineering Institute (SEI) of the American Society of
Civil Engineers (ASCE) (2010). Recommendations for Seismic Design of Hybrid Coupled Wall Systems. USA.
4. Final Report – Structural Loads: Wind Tunnel Test Pakubuwono Signature Tower, CPP (March 2011)
5. Ho Jung Lee, Daniel A. Kuchma, William Baker, and Lawrence C. Novak (2008). Design and Analysis of Heavily Loaded Reinfoced Concrete Link Beams for Burj Dubai., ACI Structural Journal.
6. Wai-Yin Lam, Ray Kai-Leung Su and Hoat-Joen Pam, Experimental Study on Embedded Steel Plate Composite Coupling Beam, Journal of Structural Engineering @ASCE/August 2005
7. Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat (2012). Outrigger Design for High-Rise
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