learning and problem-solving

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Learning and Problem-solving 김김김 김김김 김김

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Learning and Problem-solving. 김홍선 박준규 이영. Learning and Problem-solving. 은 무엇인가 ? 은 어떤 차이가 있는가 ?. Technology as an Occasion for Structuring: Evidence from Observations of CT Scanners and the Social Order of Radiology Departments. Stephen R. Barley. Sturcture 에 관한 두 가지 다른 정의. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Learning and

Problem-solving

김홍선 박준규 이영

Page 2: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Learning and

Problem-solving은 무엇인가 ?

은 어떤 차이가 있는가 ?

Page 3: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Technology as an Occasion for Structur-ing: Evidence from Observations of CT Scanners and the Social Order of Radi-ology Departments

Stephen R. Barley

Page 4: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Sturcture 에 관한 두 가지 다른 정의

• Abstract, formal relations

• Patterned action, interaction, behavior and cog-nition

Page 5: Learning  and  Problem-solving
Page 6: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Suburban’s Phase 1:Negotiation of Discretion

->CT 도입 , 초보 rad, tech

• Unsought validation• Anticipatory questioning• Preference stating

Page 7: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Suburban’s Phase 2:Usurping Autonomy

-> 순환 근무• Clandestine teaching• Role reversals• Blaming the technologist

Page 8: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Urban’s Phase 1:Negotiating Dependence

-> 주도적인 rad, 초보 tec

• Direction giving• Countermand• Usurping the controls• Direction seeking

Page 9: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Urban’s Phase 2 and 3:Constructing and Ensuring inepti-tude->Tec 의 발전 위한 근무 방법 변경Unexpected criticismsAccusatory questions

Page 10: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Urban’s Phase 4:Toward Independence

-> 보직 변경• Technical consultation• Mutual execution

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절대적 진리 (Absolute truth)

VS

상대적 진리 (Relative truth)

Page 15: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Organizational Learning and Communities-of-Practice: Toward a Unified View of Working, Learning, and Innovation

John Seely Brown and Paul Duguid

Page 16: Learning  and  Problem-solving

이론 VS 현실Q. 직장에 다니면서 동시에 학교에서 이론을 공부하는 이유는 ?

Page 17: Learning  and  Problem-solving

1. Workinga. Canonical Practice

b. Noncanonical Practice

c. Central Features of Work PracticeNarrationCollaborationSocial Construction

Page 18: Learning  and  Problem-solving

2. Learning• Transfer models• LPP(Legitimate Peripheral Participation)

a. Groups and Communities

b. Fostering Learning

Page 19: Learning  and  Problem-solving

3. Innovating

• Discovering organization

• Enacting organization

Page 20: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Questions1. 현실적으로 가능한지 ?

2. 실제 업무 환경은 굉장히 분업화 되어있고 , 매뉴얼이 잘 되어 있는 일이 많아 교육이 가능하지 않을까 ?

3. 순환 보직과 같은 제도에 대한 생각

Page 21: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Learning-before-doing in the develop-ment of new process technology

Gary P. Pisano

Page 22: Learning  and  Problem-solving

이론 -canonical-Learning before doing?

현실 -noncanonical-Learning by doing?

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Page 27: Learning  and  Problem-solving

β5( 생명공학에서 개발비용에 기술이전 시기의 효과 ) 는 양 (+) 의 값을 가질 것으로 예상되며 , 이는 생물공학 산업에서는 learning by doing 전략의 효용성이 있음을 의미함 β6 가 음 (-) 의 값을 나타낸다면 화학산업에서의

learning-by-doing 전략의 효용성은 거의 없음 의미함

Page 28: Learning  and  Problem-solving
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Page 30: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Thin knowl-edge?

Deep knowl-edge?

Page 31: Learning  and  Problem-solving

“Sticky Information” and the Locus of Problem Solving:Implications for Innovation

Eric von Hippel

Page 32: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Stickiness = cost of transfer ?

Learning process 도 Sticky information 이라 할 수 있을까 ?

Page 33: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Sticky Information and the Locus of Innovation-related Problem Solv-

ing

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Sticky Information and “Iteration”

Page 35: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Sticky Information and “Task Partition-ing”

Page 36: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Sticky Information and Investing in “Unsticking” Informa-tion• On line

• 전문가 시스템Q. 산업화의 많은 부분이 “ Unsticking” 의 과정은 아니었을까 ? Ex) 분업화 , MIS 도입 등

Page 37: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Questions

• Stickiness 를 기업의 경쟁력으로 가지고 있을 경우의 장점과 위험 요소는 ?

• Unsticking 을 지나치게 시도하다 보면 solving 의 패턴이 획일화 되고 이는 경직된 기업 문화를 불러일으키지 않을까 ? Ex)Urban tec

Page 38: Learning  and  Problem-solving

Modes of experimentation:an innovation process-and competitive-variable

Stefan Thomke, Eric von Hippel, Roland Franke

Page 39: Learning  and  Problem-solving

• Trial-and-error problem solving process

• Strategies for experimentation

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Rapid advances being made in problem-solving methods

can have on the competitive position of adopting firms

Page 42: Learning  and  Problem-solving

New drug discovery methods

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Rational drug design

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Combinatorial chemistry

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Questions

• Experiments 는 예측 할 수 있는 Alternatives 에 대한 PS 방법 이것이 Innovation 에도 적용될 수 있을까 ?

• Innovation 과 learning, Problem solving 대하여