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Unit 1Unit 1

AIR FORCE UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AIR FORCE UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING

FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS

Keys to Successful Online Learning

Section BSection B

Contents

Reading Skills1

Text B2

3 Test Yourself

N H C E

Reading Skills

自测课文

IntroductionIntroduction

PracticePractice

Like the other skills for your use, the skill introduced

in this unit does render you better ability in reading.

Like the other skills for your use, the skill introduced

in this unit does render you better ability in reading.

This practice is designed to help you get a deeper

insight into the skill for this unit.

This practice is designed to help you get a deeper

insight into the skill for this unit.

N H C E

Finding Out Word Meanings

In this part, the important reading skills are

introduced one by one. Students should take care to

read the explanation of a specific skill, which has been

written in clear, easy-to-understand language. Use

Text B to let the students see how a particular skill is

applied to practical reading.

自测课文

to be continuedto be continued

N H C E

Practice

随 笔

Experienced readers know how to guess or

figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words through

contextual clues—usually found in the words

surrounding the unknown words. In order to make

meanings clear, good writers often provide or give

such clues for readers. It is always a good idea to

learn to recognize such clues you might come across

in your reading.

N H C E

to be continuedto be continued

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

When we are looking for the major detail of a

paragraph, first, we have to learn to read for the

main idea of the paragraph. When we have found

all the facts and details that help to add up to the

main idea of the paragraph, we can separate the

major detail from less important details.

N H C E

to be continuedto be continued

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

The most commonly seen contextual clues include: The most commonly seen contextual clues include:

N H C E

Definition ( 释义法 ) Examples ( 举例法 )

Synonyms ( 同义词 ) Antonyms ( 反义词 )

Word Stems ( 词干 ) and Affixes ( 词缀 )

General Sense of a Sentence ( 句义分析 )

to be continuedto be continued

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

Some words or phrases give the definition of an unknown

word, usually by using punctuation ( 标点符号 ).

N H C E

Desalination, or the removal of salt from seawater, is a

method of providing fresh water for business, home,

and agricultural use.

(“The removal of salt from seawater” is the definition

of “desalination”.)to be continuedto be continued

Definition ( 释义法 )

Example

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

N H C E

Examples relating to the unknown word, usually

introduced with “for example, for instance, such as,

including”.

As they moved westward, they faced many

adversities, such as scarce food, extreme weather, and

loneliness. (The examples of “scarce food, extreme weather, and

loneliness” tell you that “adversities” means

“hardships”.)

Examples ( 举例法 )

Example

to be continuedto be continued

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

N H C E

One or more words that mean the same or almost

the same as the unknown word.

Cellphones have become ubiquitous; you can see

and hear them everywhere.

(The synonym “everywhere” tells you the meaning of

“ubiquitous”.)  

Synonyms ( 同义词 )

Example

to be continuedto be continued

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

N H C E

Words or phrases that mean the opposite of an

unknown word.

My sister thinks it is futile to study hard the night

before an exam, but I find it quite useful.

(The word “useful” contrasts with “futile”, which

means “not useful”, or “useless”.)  to be continuedto be continued

Antonyms ( 反义词 )

Example

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

N H C E

Word stems and affixes are important clues in guessing

the meaning of unknown words.

Businesses are redesigning their offices to provide

better working environment for their employees.

(From the prefix “re” you can figure out the meaning

of “redesign”.)  to be continuedto be continued

Word Stems ( 词干 ) and Affixes ( 词缀 )

Example

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

N H C E

Sometimes you can figure out the meaning of an unknown word by basing on the general information of a sentence, or relying on common sense or your own experiences.

It took a whole day for them to extricate the little girl

from the bottom of the well.

(When you see “from the bottom of the well”, general

sense tells you the meaning of “extricate” is “free”.)  

to be continuedto be continued

General Sense of a Sentence ( 句义分析 )

Example

自测课文

Practice

随 笔

N H C E

There are other ways to help you find out

word meanings in context. Please try and

use the skills in your reading.

Practice

自测课文

随 笔

Directions:

Read the following sentences and try to figure out the meanings of the underlined words.

Directions:

Read the following sentences and try to figure out the meanings of the underlined words.

PracticePractice

N H C E 自测课文

Introduction

随 笔

1. Many people find that the online method requires

them to use their experiences and that online

learning offers them a place to communicate with

each other. This forum for communication removes

the visual barriers that hinder some students from

expressing themselves.

A. the online method

B. a place for online learning

C. a place to communicate with each other

D. the experience of online learning

1. Many people find that the online method requires

them to use their experiences and that online

learning offers them a place to communicate with

each other. This forum for communication removes

the visual barriers that hinder some students from

expressing themselves.

A. the online method

B. a place for online learning

C. a place to communicate with each other

D. the experience of online learning

N H C E 自测课文

Introduction

随 笔

2. This forum for communication removes the

visual barriers that hinder some students

from expressing themselves.

A. hide B. prevent

C. help D. advance

2. This forum for communication removes the

visual barriers that hinder some students

from expressing themselves.

A. hide B. prevent

C. help D. advance

N H C E 自测课文

Introduction

随 笔

3. Remember that instructors cannot see their students in an online course. This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests. If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the course, they MUST speak up; otherwise there is no way anyone can know something is wrong.A. correct B. carefulC. attentive D. clear

3. Remember that instructors cannot see their students in an online course. This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests. If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the course, they MUST speak up; otherwise there is no way anyone can know something is wrong.A. correct B. carefulC. attentive D. clear

N H C E自测课文

Introduction

随 笔

4. Online courses require students to make

decisions based on facts as well as experience.

It is absolutely necessary for students to

assimilate information and make the right

decisions based on critical thinking.

A. take in

B. take down

C. put into different class

D. make an analysis of

4. Online courses require students to make

decisions based on facts as well as experience.

It is absolutely necessary for students to

assimilate information and make the right

decisions based on critical thinking.

A. take in

B. take down

C. put into different class

D. make an analysis of

N H C E自测课文

Introduction

随 笔

5. Just as many excellent instructors may not be effective online facilitators, not all students have the necessary qualities to perform well online.

A. students B. learning assistants

C. inspectors D. course designers

5. Just as many excellent instructors may not be effective online facilitators, not all students have the necessary qualities to perform well online.

A. students B. learning assistants

C. inspectors D. course designers

N H C E自测课文

Introduction

随 笔

Text B

New New WordsWords

QuestionsQuestionsPreviewingPreviewing

Choice Choice MakingMaking

PassagePassageReadingReading

自测技巧N H C E

community community n. n. [C] 1. 团体 2. 社区居民 ; 社区

[C] 1. 团体 2. 社区居民 ; 社区

expand expand v. v. ( 使 ) 变大 ;( 使 ) 扩张 ;( 使 ) 膨胀

( 使 ) 变大 ;( 使 ) 扩张 ;( 使 ) 膨胀 aware aware a. a. 意识到的 ; 知道的 意识到的 ; 知道的

unique unique a. a. 1. 极不寻常的 2. 唯一的 1. 极不寻常的 2. 唯一的 ideal ideal a. a. 1. 最好的 ; 理想的 2. 想象

的1. 最好的 ; 理想的 2. 想象的forum forum n. n. [C] 论坛 ; 讨论会 [C] 论坛 ; 讨论会

remove remove vt. vt. 1. 消除 2. 移开 , 挪走 1. 消除 2. 移开 , 挪走 visual visual a. a. 视觉的 视觉的 barrier barrier n. n. [C] 障碍 [C] 障碍 hinder hinder vt. vt. 阻碍 , 妨碍 , 阻止 阻碍 , 妨碍 , 阻止

N H C E自测技巧

Questions

Text Study

Choice Making

随 笔

addition addition n. n. 1. [U] 添加 2. [C] 增加物 1. [U] 添加 2. [C] 增加物 reflect reflect v. v. 1. 深思 , 反省 2. 反映 , 体

现 1. 深思 , 反省 2. 反映 , 体现 environment environment n. n. [C, U] 环境 ; 周边状况[C, U] 环境 ; 周边状况

critical critical a. a. 1. 极为重要的 2. 评论的 1. 极为重要的 2. 评论的 perspective perspective n. n. [C] 视角 ; 观点 [C] 视角 ; 观点 peer peer n. n. [C] 同龄人 ; 同等地位的人 [C] 同龄人 ; 同等地位的人 instruct instruct vt. vt. 1. 教育 , 指导 2. 指示 , 命令 ;

通知 1. 教育 , 指导 2. 指示 , 命令 ;通知 instructor instructor n. n. [C] 教师 ; 指导者 [C] 教师 ; 指导者

arise arise vi. vi. 1. 出现 ; 发生 2. 引起 , 产生

1. 出现 ; 发生 2. 引起 , 产生 absolute absolute a. a. 完全的 ; 十足的 完全的 ; 十足的

N H C E自测技巧

Questions

Text Study

Choice Making

随 笔

absolutely absolutely ad. ad. 完全地 ; 十足地 完全地 ; 十足地 explicit explicit a. a. 清楚的 ; 直截了当的 清楚的 ; 直截了当的 comment comment n./vi.

n./vi.

[C] 意见 ; 评论 / 评论 [C] 意见 ; 评论 / 评论 reinforce reinforce vt. vt. 强化 ; 加固 强化 ; 加固 requirement requirement n. n. [C] 要求 ; 要求的东西 [C] 要求 ; 要求的东西 likely likely ad./

a.

ad./a.

可能地 / 可能的 ; 有希望的 可能地 / 可能的 ; 有希望的 commit commit vt. vt. 1. 使用 , 用于 2. 犯 ( 错误 )

1. 使用 , 用于 2. 犯 ( 错误 )assimilate assimilate vt. vt. 吸收 , 理解 , 掌握 吸收 , 理解 , 掌握

provide provide vt. vt. 提供 提供 input input n. n. [U] 输入 ; 投入 [U] 输入 ; 投入

N H C E自测技巧

Questions

Text Study

Choice Making

随 笔

N H C E

essential

challenge

normally

sequence

sequential

vital

personally

effective

facilitate

facilitator

essential

challenge

normally

sequence

sequential

vital

personally

effective

facilitate

facilitator

a. / n.

vt. / n.

ad.

n.

a.

a.

ad.

a.

vt.

n.

a. / n.

vt. / n.

ad.

n.

a.

a.

ad.

a.

vt.

n.

必不可少的 / [C] 要素 ; 要点1. 质疑 2. 向 ··· 挑战 / [C, U]

挑战通常 ; 正常地 [C, U] 1. 连续 ; 一连串 2. 次序 连续的 极其重要的 ; 充满生机的 亲自 1. 有效的 , 起作用的 2. 生效的 使容易 ; 有助于 [C] 促进者 , 推动者

必不可少的 / [C] 要素 ; 要点1. 质疑 2. 向 ··· 挑战 / [C, U]

挑战通常 ; 正常地 [C, U] 1. 连续 ; 一连串 2. 次序 连续的 极其重要的 ; 充满生机的 亲自 1. 有效的 , 起作用的 2. 生效的 使容易 ; 有助于 [C] 促进者 , 推动者

自测技巧

Questions

Text Study

Choice Making

随 笔

N H C E

play a role

be / become aware ofin additionreflect on

speak up

be finished withallow foron sb.’s part / the part of sb.

catch up (with)remind sb. of sth.

play a role

be / become aware ofin additionreflect on

speak up

be finished withallow foron sb.’s part / the part of sb.

catch up (with)remind sb. of sth.

1. 起作用 2. 扮演一个角色 认识到 , 知道 , 觉察到另外 , 加之 深思 , 考虑 1. 说出意见或看法2. 大声说 做完 , 完成 为 ··· 留出余地 ; 考虑到 某人所做的 ; 就某人而言 赶上 , 追上使想起 ; 提醒

1. 起作用 2. 扮演一个角色 认识到 , 知道 , 觉察到另外 , 加之 深思 , 考虑 1. 说出意见或看法2. 大声说 做完 , 完成 为 ··· 留出余地 ; 考虑到 某人所做的 ; 就某人而言 赶上 , 追上使想起 ; 提醒

自测技巧

Questions

Text Study

Choice Making

随 笔

N H C E

IntroductionIntroduction

For you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute, as required in the new type of examination “Fast Reading”, Text B can serve to be your fast-reading material. But, for this purpose, the best course of action is to know what to scan for in your skimming. Thus, the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off. That is where the “Questions Previewing” comes in.

For you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute, as required in the new type of examination “Fast Reading”, Text B can serve to be your fast-reading material. But, for this purpose, the best course of action is to know what to scan for in your skimming. Thus, the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off. That is where the “Questions Previewing” comes in.

自测技巧

Text Study

Choice Making

New Words

随 笔

1. Judging from Paragraph 2, the online environment can be less intimidating because online students _____________.

2. To be successful, some online students may have to ______________.

3. Unlike regular schools, teachers cannot see their students in the online environment, so online students must ______________.

4. When problems arise, online students must _______.

N H C E自测技巧

Text Study

Choice Making

New Words

随 笔

5. Successful online students think that online learning is _______________.

6. According to Paragraph 6, online learning requires that students should _______________.

7. Why is testing and challenging of ideas encouraged in the online classroom?

8. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

N H C E自测技巧

Text Study

Choice Making

New Words

随 笔

A. Virtual classroom is playing a more important role than traditional classroom.

B. In an online classroom most communication is spoken.

C. Online learning is popular with some people

because it is easier.

D. Once you are left behind in online courses,

you will have difficulty catching up.

A. Virtual classroom is playing a more important role than traditional classroom.

B. In an online classroom most communication is spoken.

C. Online learning is popular with some people

because it is easier.

D. Once you are left behind in online courses,

you will have difficulty catching up.

Para. 1 While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today’s learning community. Job opportunities for students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home. Online students, however, require unique qualities to be successful. The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students.

Keys to Successful Online LearningKeys to Successful Online Learning Chinese

N H C E自测技巧

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 2 1. Be open-minded about sharing life, work, and

learning experiences as part of online learning. Many

people find that the online method requires them to use

their experiences and that online learning offers them a

place to communicate with each other. This forum for

communication removes the visual barriers that hinder

some students from expressing themselves. In addition,

students are given time to reflect on the information

before replying. In this way, students can help to keep

the online environment open and friendly.

Chinese

N H C E

Question 1

自测技巧

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 3a 2. Be able to communicate through writing.

In the virtual classroom nearly all communication

is written, so it is critical that students feel

comfortable expressing themselves in writing.

Some students have limited writing abilities, which

need to be improved before or as part of the online

experience.

Chinese Question 2

N H C E自测技巧

to be continuedto be continued

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 3b This usually requires extra commitment

by these students. Whether working alone or in a

group, students share ideas, perspectives and

discussions on the subject being studied, and read

about those of their classmates. In this way, students

gain great insights from their peers, learning from

each other as well as the instructor.

Chinese

N H C E自测技巧

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 4a 3. Be willing to “speak up” if problems arise.

Remember that instructors cannot see their students

in an online course. This means students must be

absolutely explicit with their comments and requests.

If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in

understanding something about the course, they

MUST speak up; otherwise there is no way anyone

can know something is wrong.

Chinese Question 3

N H C E自测技巧

to be continuedto be continued

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 4b If one person does not understand

something, possibly several others have the same

problem. If another student is able to help, he or

she probably will. While explaining something to

others, students reinforce their own knowledge

about the subject.

Chinese

N H C E

Question 4

自测技巧

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 5a 4. Take the program seriously. Online learning

is not easier than study in regular classrooms. In fact,

many students say it requires much more time and

effort. Requirements for online courses are no less

than those of any other quality program. Successful

online students, however, see online learning as a

convenient way to receive their education—not an

easier way.

Chinese Question 5

N H C E自测技巧

to be continuedto be continued

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 5b Many online students sit at computers for

hours at a time during evenings and on weekends in

order to complete their assignments. When other

people are finished with their work and studies and

having fun, you’ll most likely find online students

doing their course work. Online students need to

commit 4 to 15 hours a week to each course.

Chinese

N H C E自测技巧

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 6 5. Accept critical thinking and decision making as

part of online learning. Online courses require students

to make decisions based on facts as well as experience. It

is absolutely necessary for students to assimilate

information and make the right decisions based on

critical thinking. In a positive online environment,

students feel valued by the instructor and by their

classmates and feel good about their own work.

Chinese Question 6

N H C E自测技巧

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 7 6. Be able to think ideas through before

replying. Providing meaningful and quality input

into the virtual classroom is an essential part of

online learning. Time is given to allow for careful

development of answers. Testing and challenging

of ideas is encouraged. Online students will not

always be right, so they need to be prepared to

accept a challenge.

Chinese

N H C E

Question 7

自测技巧

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 8 7. Keep up with the progress of the course. Online

learning is normally sequential and requires

commitment on the students’ part. Keeping up with the

class and completing all the work on time is vital. Once

students get behind, it is almost impossible to catch up.

Students need to want to be there and need to want the

experience. The instructor may have to communicate

with students personally to offer help and remind them

of the need to keep up.

Chinese Question 8

N H C E自测技巧

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

Para. 9 Just as many excellent instructors may

not be effective online facilitators, not all students

have the necessary qualities to perform well

online. People who have the qualities discussed

above usually make very successful online

students. If you have these qualities, learning

online may be one of the best discoveries you will

ever make.

N H C E自测技巧

Chinese

Choice Making

New Words

Questions

随 笔

1. Judging from Paragraph 2, the online environment can be less intimidating because online students _____.

A. have unique qualities that best fit the online environment B. are not bothered by other students C. are allowed more time to think about the information before replying D. can answer questions without other people reading what they write

Refer to Para. 2

N H C E自测技巧

New Words

Questions

Text Study

随 笔

2. To be successful, some online students may have to _____.

A. improve their writing abilities

B. complete their assignments quickly

C. work harder than their classmates

D. show their teachers how to become good online facilitators

Refer to Para. 3a

N H C E自测技巧

New Words

Questions

Text Study

随 笔

3. Unlike regular schools, teachers cannot see their students in the online environment, so online students must _____.

A. understand technical problems they meet in learning their courses B. make their comments and requests directly and

clearly C. discuss their ideas according to their knowledge about the subject being studied D. explain their problems and those of other students

Refer to Para. 4a

N H C E自测技巧

New Words

Questions

Text Study

随 笔

4. When problems arise, online students must ______________.

A. explain the reasons and learn from other students

B. use their own experiences to understand the problems themselves

C. tell the instructors and other students what problems they are having D. try to reinforce their own knowledge of these

problems

Refer to Paras. 4a-4b

N H C E自测技巧

New Words

Questions

Text Study

随 笔

5. Successful online students think that online

learning is _____.

A. easier than learning in regular classrooms

B. a fun way to study

C. less convenient

D. a convenient way to receive education

Refer to Para. 5a

N H C E自测技巧

New Words

Questions

Text Study

随 笔

6. According to Paragraph 6, online learning requires that students should _____.

A. respect the instructor and their classmates

B. think critically and make decisions based on

facts

C. understand the information of online courses

D. feel good about their work

Refer to Para. 6

N H C E自测技巧

New Words

Questions

Text Study

随 笔

7. Why is testing and challenging of ideas encouraged in the online classroom? A. Because students must help each other grow by learning from their mistakes. B. Because students need to prepare to accept a challenge. C. Because this helps online students realize where they are wrong and helps them make progress. D. Because facilitators must discover what students know and don’t know. 

Refer to Para. 7

N H C E自测技巧

New Words

Questions

Text Study

随 笔

8. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Virtual classroom is playing a more important role than traditional classroom. B. In an online classroom most communication is spoken. C. Online learning is popular with some people because it is easier. D. Once you are left behind in online courses, you will have difficulty catching up.

Refer to Para. 8

N H C E自测技巧

New Words

Questions

Text Study

随 笔

Test Yourself

课文技巧N H C E

Listening Listening

ComprehensionComprehension

Test Yourself

ReadingReading

ComprehensionComprehension

Short ConversationsShort Conversations

Directions: In this section, you will hear ten short conversations. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause you must make your choice.

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧N H C E

Reading

随 笔

1.

A) She paid $40.00 for the coat.

B) Her husband presented it to her as a gift.

C) She bought the coat on her fortieth birthday.

D) Her friend sent it to her as a birthday gift.

M: That’s a lovely coat you are wearing.

W: Oh, thank you. My husband gave it to me for my

fortieth birthday.

Q: What did the woman say about the coat?

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

N H C E课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

2.

A) To keep his old car and get a new one.

B) To leave it in the garage to be repaired.

C) To sell his car for a new one.

D) To get his car repaired later.W: You are about late. I was worried. How’s the car?

What did you find out about it?

M: The mechanic said that the best thing would be to

sell it and get a new car. This car is totally dead.

Q: What will the man probably do with his car?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

3.

A) Husband and wife. B) Father and daughter.

C) Doctor and patient. D) Teacher and student.

W: Have you found anything wrong with my

stomach?

M: Not yet. I’m still examining. I’ll let you know the

result next week.

Q: What is the probable relationship between the

man and the woman?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

4.

A) The man went to the concert, but the woman didn’t.

B) The woman went to the concert, but the man didn’t.

C) The speakers did not go to the concert.

D) Both speakers went to the concert.

M: You didn’t go to the concert last night, either, did

you?

W: No. I had a slight headache.

Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

5.

A) An English textbook. B) A chemistry book.

C) A Chinese textbook. D) A history book.

W: Has your brother bought his books yet?

M: He bought a history book, but the Chinese and

English textbooks were sold out.

Q: Which book has the man’s brother got?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

6.A) The woman goes to school during the day and works at night. B) The woman has to work to support herself. C) The woman’s classes are not difficult. D) The woman studies at night. M: How do you manage to work and go to school at

the same time?

W: My classes are at night and I work during the day.

Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

7. A) She feels that he won’t accept anything.

B) She’s sure he already has a pocket calculator. C) She thinks he has almost everything he wants. D) She’s afraid he wants more than she can afford.W: John, I don’t know what to get for your father. He has just about everything, doesn’t he? Do you have any suggestions? M: Why don’t you get him a pocket calculator? Q: Why doesn’t the woman know what to get for the man’s father?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

8.

A) Tom survived the accident.

B) Tom was killed in the accident.

C) Someone saved Tom’s life.

D) It did little damage to Tom’s car.W: It’s surprising that Tom came out of the accident

alive.

M: That’s true. The car crashed into the wall and was

completely damaged.

Q: What was the consequence of the accident?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

9.

A) The train is crowded. B) The train is empty.

C) The train is late. D) The train is on

time.W: I’m sorry, sir. The train is somewhat behind

schedule. Take a seat and I’ll tell you as soon as we know something definite.

M: Thank you. I’ll just sit here and read a magazine in the meantime.

Q: What can you conclude about the train from the conversation?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

课文技巧

Reading

随 笔

10.

A) No, all the rooms are taken.

B) Yes, there are some spare rooms.

C) Yes, there is a double room.

D) Yes, there is a single room.

M: I sent a letter to make a reservation for a single room a few days ago.W: I’m sorry your request arrived too late. There are some conferences in town this week and we are full up.Q: Are there any spare rooms at the hotel?

N H C E

21 3 4 5 76 8 9 10

Reading

课文技巧

随 笔

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten

blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank

from a list of choices given in a word bank above the

passage. Read the passage through carefully before making

your choices.

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten

blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank

from a list of choices given in a word bank above the

passage. Read the passage through carefully before making

your choices.

Reading in DepthReading in Depth

N H C E课文技巧

given shown effective

ensure hid acquired countless

smart suggest native nightmare

dream consistently

committed

persistently

随 笔

Listening

given shown effective

ensure hid acquired countless

smart suggest native nightmare

dream consistently

committed

persistently

When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the

Dominican Republic, he knew only a few English

words. Education soon became a [1] ___________. “I

couldn’t understand anything,” he said. He [2]

________ from his teachers, came home in tears, and

thought about dropping out.

When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the

Dominican Republic, he knew only a few English

words. Education soon became a [1] ___________. “I

couldn’t understand anything,” he said. He [2]

________ from his teachers, came home in tears, and

thought about dropping out.

nightmare

N H C E

hid

课文技巧

随 笔

Listening

Then Mrs. Malave, a bilingual ( 双语的 ) educator,

began to work with him while teaching him maths and

science in his [3] _________ Spanish. “She helped me

stay [4] _______ while teaching me English,” he said.

[5] ________ the chance to demonstrate his ability, he

regained confidence and began to succeed in school.

Then Mrs. Malave, a bilingual ( 双语的 ) educator,

began to work with him while teaching him maths and

science in his [3] _________ Spanish. “She helped me

stay [4] _______ while teaching me English,” he said.

[5] ________ the chance to demonstrate his ability, he

regained confidence and began to succeed in school.

native

N H C E

smart

Given

课文技巧

given shown effective

ensure hid acquired countless

smart suggest native nightmare

dream consistently

committed

persistently

随 笔

Listening

Today, he is a prominent doctor, runs his own

clinic, and works with several hospitals. Every day, he

uses the language and academic skills he [6] _________

through bilingual education to treat his patients.

Today, he is a prominent doctor, runs his own

clinic, and works with several hospitals. Every day, he

uses the language and academic skills he [6] _________

through bilingual education to treat his patients.

acquired

N H C E课文技巧

given shown effective

ensure hid acquired countless

smart suggest native nightmare

dream consistently

committed

persistently

随 笔

Listening

Roberto’s story is just one of [7] _________ successful

stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the

most [8] _________ way both to teach children English and

[9] ________ that they succeed academically. In Arizona

and Texas, bilingual students [10] ___________ outperform

their peers in monolingual programs.

Roberto’s story is just one of [7] _________ successful

stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the

most [8] _________ way both to teach children English and

[9] ________ that they succeed academically. In Arizona

and Texas, bilingual students [10] ___________ outperform

their peers in monolingual programs.

countless

effective

N H C E

ensure

consistently

课文技巧

given shown effective

ensure hid acquired countless

smart suggest native nightmare

dream consistently

committed

persistently

随 笔

Listening

Calexico, Calif., implemented bilingual education,

and now has dropout rates that are less than half the

state average and college acceptance rates of more than

90%. In El Paso, bilingual education programs have

helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to

among the highest in the nation.

Calexico, Calif., implemented bilingual education,

and now has dropout rates that are less than half the

state average and college acceptance rates of more than

90%. In El Paso, bilingual education programs have

helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to

among the highest in the nation.

N H C E

End随 笔

Listening

课文技巧

given shown effective

ensure hid acquired countless

smart suggest native nightmare

dream consistently

committed

persistently

Para. 1 虽然常规的学校依然存在，但虚拟

课堂在今天的教学领域中起着重要的作用。

随着学生就业机会的迅速增多，越来越多不

同年龄层的人开始意识到这种在家就学的网

上学习方式。然而，网络学生需要具备一些

特别的素质才能取得成功。以下是网上学生

要取得成功必备的一些理想素质。

网络学习的成功秘诀 网络学习的成功秘诀

Para. 2 1. 与人分享生活、工作及学习经验，这些是网上学习的一部分。许多人发现网上学习需要他们运用各自的经验，同时又为他们提供了相互交流的场所。这一交流场所消除了一些学生自我表达的视觉障碍。此外，学生在答题之前有时间进行思考，这就使得网上环境开放而友好。

Para. 2 1. 与人分享生活、工作及学习经验，这些是网上学习的一部分。许多人发现网上学习需要他们运用各自的经验，同时又为他们提供了相互交流的场所。这一交流场所消除了一些学生自我表达的视觉障碍。此外，学生在答题之前有时间进行思考，这就使得网上环境开放而友好。

Para. 3a 2. 能通过书写进行交流。虚拟课堂的交流几乎都是书面形式。因而很重要的一点是学生要具有书面表达能力。有些学生书面表达能力差，有待提高，可以在网上学习之前提高或将其作为网上学习的一部分。

Para. 3a 2. 能通过书写进行交流。虚拟课堂的交流几乎都是书面形式。因而很重要的一点是学生要具有书面表达能力。有些学生书面表达能力差，有待提高，可以在网上学习之前提高或将其作为网上学习的一部分。

Para. 3b 这常常需要他们加倍努力。不管是单独学习还是小组学习，学生们就学习内容交流观点和见解，并展开讨论，同时了解其他同学的意见。这样，学生可以从同龄人那里得到启发，既跟老师学，又互相学习。

Para. 3b 这常常需要他们加倍努力。不管是单独学习还是小组学习，学生们就学习内容交流观点和见解，并展开讨论，同时了解其他同学的意见。这样，学生可以从同龄人那里得到启发，既跟老师学，又互相学习。

Para. 4a 3. 说出你的困难。记住，网络课堂里老师看不见学生。这就意味学生必须直接明了地表达自己的看法和要求。如果碰到技术方面的问题，或在理解课程中遇到困难，必须大胆说出来，否则任何人都无从知晓问题所在。

Para. 4b 如果某人不理解某个问题，

或许别人也有同样的问题。如果有哪

个学生能解决，他（她）也许就会帮

助你。学生在给他人解释问题时，自

己对该问题的认识也加深了。

Para. 5a 4. 认真对待课程。网上学习并不比常规课堂学习容易。事实上，许多学生说它需要花更多的时间和努力。网络课程的要求不低于其他任何一种优质课程。然而，取得成功的网络学生认为网上学习是一种便捷的受教育方式，但并不容易。

Para. 5b 晚上或周末，为了完成作业，许多学生在电脑前一坐就是几个小时。别人已完成作业和学习，开始玩耍，而此时网络学生却很可能还在上课。他们每门课程每周要上 4 到 15 小时。

Para. 6 5. 把批判性思维和决策作为网上

学习的一部分。网络课程要求学生根据事

实和经验做出决定。对学生来讲，理解并

消化信息，并通过批判性思维做出正确的

决定是十分必要的。在积极的网络环境中，

学生从老师、同学那里感受到自己的价值，

对自己的学习也感到满意。

Para. 6 5. 把批判性思维和决策作为网上

学习的一部分。网络课程要求学生根据事

实和经验做出决定。对学生来讲，理解并

消化信息，并通过批判性思维做出正确的

决定是十分必要的。在积极的网络环境中，

学生从老师、同学那里感受到自己的价值，

对自己的学习也感到满意。

Para. 7 6. 三思而后答。在虚拟课堂上做

出有意义、高质量的回答是网上学习的重

要部分。要花时间斟酌并仔细作答，提倡

对不同观点进行验证和质疑。网络学生往

往并不总是对的；他们应做好准备，迎接

挑战。

Para. 7 6. 三思而后答。在虚拟课堂上做

出有意义、高质量的回答是网上学习的重

要部分。要花时间斟酌并仔细作答，提倡

对不同观点进行验证和质疑。网络学生往

往并不总是对的；他们应做好准备，迎接

挑战。

Para. 8 7. 跟上课程进度。网上学习通常

是循序渐进的，要求学生专心投入。与网

络课程保持同步，并按时完成所有功课至

关重要。一旦落后就很难赶上。学生要有

成功的欲望，而且也要渴望这种经历。老

师可能会与学生面对面交流，提供帮助并

提醒他们跟上进度的必要性。

Para. 8 7. 跟上课程进度。网上学习通常

是循序渐进的，要求学生专心投入。与网

络课程保持同步，并按时完成所有功课至

关重要。一旦落后就很难赶上。学生要有

成功的欲望，而且也要渴望这种经历。老

师可能会与学生面对面交流，提供帮助并

提醒他们跟上进度的必要性。

Para. 9 正如许多优秀教师并不一定能有效地用网络辅助教学一样，并不是所有学生都具备在网上学习中取得成功所需的素质。具备上述素质的人通常能够成为优秀的网络学生。一旦拥有这些素质，网上学习说不定将是你最有价值的发现之一。

Para. 9 正如许多优秀教师并不一定能有效地用网络辅助教学一样，并不是所有学生都具备在网上学习中取得成功所需的素质。具备上述素质的人通常能够成为优秀的网络学生。一旦拥有这些素质，网上学习说不定将是你最有价值的发现之一。

It cannot be long before people become aware of the danger of bad living habits to their health.

过不了多久，人们就会意识到不良生活习惯对 健康的危害。

become / be aware of: have knowledge or

understanding of 意识到

become / be become / be consciousconscious of; be awake to; sense; of; be awake to; sense; have a feeling that have a feeling that 意识到意识到become / be become / be consciousconscious of; be awake to; sense; of; be awake to; sense; have a feeling that have a feeling that 意识到意识到

归纳记忆归纳记忆

The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students: In the following list we discuss some necessary and perfect qualities of successful online students.

说文解字说文解字

Much evidence Much evidence findsfinds that good living habits play that good living habits play a role in immunizing one against some diseases.a role in immunizing one against some diseases.

The last 20 years has The last 20 years has witnessedwitnessed great changes in great changes in our society.our society.

Much evidence Much evidence findsfinds that good living habits play that good living habits play a role in immunizing one against some diseases.a role in immunizing one against some diseases.

The last 20 years has The last 20 years has witnessedwitnessed great changes in great changes in our society.our society.

英语中这种客观性的表述很常见。如： 句型__________________

The following list discusses some ideal

qualities of successful online students. 以下所列是取得成功的网上学生的一些理想素质。

For more

be open-minded about: keep one’s mind open to

从心里乐于接受，对 ······ 的思想是开放的

与教育改革相关的任何好想法我们都乐于接受。

We are open-minded about any good ideas associated with the educational reform.

warm-hearted cold-blooded heartfelt

1. 缺乏自信心是妨碍你在职业生涯上取得成功的最 大障碍之一。Lack of self-confidence is one of the biggest barriers

to your success in careers.

be a barrier to: prevent progress or make it difficult for sb. to achieve sth. 是 ······ 的障碍

2. 这种药防止这种病在空气中的传播。

This medicine acts as a barrier to the spread of

the

disease in the air.

1. 智者与愚人的差异在于前者在每晚睡觉前都反思 自己当天的言行并从中有所领悟。 The difference between the wise and the foolish

lies

in the fact that the former, before sleeping each

night, reflect on all they have said and done the

very day, and then get some insight from it.

reflect on / upon: think deeply about; ponder;

meditate on / upon; contemplate; weigh up 考虑，认真思考

2. 参赛选手没时间仔细考虑所作回答就要准备下一 个问题。

Contestants are not given much time to reflect on

their replies before preparing for the next

question.

It is / was critical that … (should) do …: ······

是十分重要的。

跟上网络课程的进度十分重要。

It is critical that you (should) keep up with

the flow of the online course.

句型__________________

gain insight from sth. / sb.: get an understanding

or view of the interior of sth. from sth. 从某事中 / 某人那里获得见识 / 顿悟

从这次经历获得的顿悟给我的生活赋予了新的意义。 The insight gained from this experience has

invested my life with new meaning.

对比记忆对比记忆 gain / have (an) insight into sth.

对某一事物有洞察力gain / have (an) insight into sth.

对某一事物有洞察力

句型__________________

It is / seems likely that … (从句 ): ······ 是可能的。

这里不太可能爆发战争。

War is less likely to break out here.

Sb. / Sth. is (more / less) likely to do sth.

某人 / 某事（很 / 不太）可能做某事。Sb. / Sth. is (more / less) likely to do sth.

某人 / 某事（很 / 不太）可能做某事。

句型__________________

commit sth. to (doing) sth.: spend money or time on sth. 把某物专门用于 ······

政府拨专款用于抵御自然灾害。

The government committed special money to the

battle against natural disasters.

Before you commit yourself to this contract you

should take a couple of hours to think it through.

1. 在答应履行此合同之前，你应全面地考虑几个小时。

2. 我们必须把问题想透彻了再采取行动。

think through: think carefully and thoroughly

about 彻底全面地考虑

We must think the problem through before

taking any action.

allow for: take into consideration 考虑到

a. In treating and curing such patients, you must ________ the danger of your being infected.

b. The current decisive battle against the

disease

_________ no negligence of duty on the part

of the governments at all levels of our

society.

对比记忆对比记忆allow of 容许 (=permit)allow of 容许 (=permit)

allow for

allows of

on sb.’s part / on the part of sb.: with regard to sb.; in the case of sb. 就（某人）而言；在 ······

方面

The other team attributed their defeat to The other team attributed their defeat to unfairness unfairness

____________ the referee. referee. Their habit of living is _______ responsible for the outbreak of the disease.

in part 在某种程度上 for one’s part 就······ 来说 for the most part 通常，在大多数情况下

on the part of

in part