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Jupiter

By Yianni and Hank

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Who and When

It wasn't discovered by a certain person 1610: Galileo first to view through

telescope it was known since ancient times visible in sky by naked eye different empires or countries knew of it:

o China

o Rome

o Greece

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Origin of Name

The Romans had biginfluence on astronomy

Jupiter was the god of skyand thunder

King of Gods Jupiter was the biggest

planet in solar system Therefore it was named

Jupiter

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Size

Mass = 1.89861027 kgo or 317.8 Earths

Diameter = 142, 984 kmo about 11 Earths

Volume = 1.43131015 km3

o 1321.3 Earths

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Density of Jupiter

3

1.33 g/cm About 1/5 of the density of earth Made from gas

mostly

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Internal Composition

Made up of mostly liquid and solid hydrogen pressure increases as closer to core so matter phase goes:

o g --> l --> s core is metallic hydrogen and rocks at 36,000 K

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Internal Layering

Top layer is gaseoushydrogen

Second layer is liquidhydrogen

Third layer is metallicliquid hydrogen

The core is dense with amixture of elements

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Atmosphere composition

Made up of mostly gases atmosphere: 88-92% Hydrogen, 8-12% helium by volume other substances traced:

o methane, water vapor, silicon-based compounds,

hydrogen sulfide, carbon, ethane, oxygen, neon Outermost has crystals of frozen ammonia

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Magnetic Field

Magnetosphere: largest magnetic field in the solar system shaped by plasma instead of solar winds traps and accelerates particles producing

intense radiation 14 times more

powerful thanearth's

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Rotation and Revolution

revolution period: 11.78 earth years rotation period: 9 hours 58 minutes rotation is the fastest in ss: 12.6 km/s gives it an oblate shape

o oblate- diameter across equator greater thanacross poles

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Visits to Jupiter

visited by 8 probeso Pioneer 10 - 1973 - measured magnetosphere and magnetic field of Jupiter.

got 130,000 km away

o Pioneer 11 - 1974- captured images and served similar purpose to pioneer 10.

got 43,000 km away

o Voyager 1 - 1979- took detailed images, measured wind speed etc.

o Voyager 2 - 1979- visited other planets and obtained images

o Ulysses - 1991- used jupiter's gravity to traject and measure sun's polar region

o Galileo - 1995- had a probe sampling characteristics but broke 200km in

o Cassini - 2000- going to Saturn but took images while flying by

o New Horizons - 2007- fast spacecraft that took best images

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Evidence of Life

Life cannot exist on Jupiter because thereis no solid ground

composed of gaseous and liquid hydrogenand helium

-108 degrees Celsius

o no life can exist with this temperature

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Plate tectonics?

Jupiter has no plate tectonics now or inthe past because it has never had a solidstructure for plates to exist

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Interesting Facts

Jupiter can never become a star Needs 70 times its mass to create a

nuclear fusion

Clouds on Jupiter are 50 km thick Has 63 moons Has been visited 8 times from Earth

Can see it from earth

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Sources http://askville.amazon.com/planet-Jupiter-

discovered/AnswerViewer.do?requestId=307883 http://www.universetoday.com/14479/how-did-jupiter-get-its-name/ http://www.gormagon.org/2006/02/23/polidoro-caldara-da-caravaggio/ http://www.lisisoft.com/tools/jupiter.html http://lasp.colorado.edu/education/outerplanets/giantplanets_interiors.php http://www.universetoday.com/15148/is-there-water-on-jupiter/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter#Orbit_and_rotation http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/what-is-jupiter-k4.html http://www.earthlyissues.com/jupiter.htm http://thebigfoto.com/jupiter-from-space http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/jupiter-

article/ http://www.universetoday.com/15182/interesting-facts-about-jupiter/

http://www.universetoday.com/15186/missions-to-jupiter/ http://nineplanets.org/jupiter.html http://www.kidsastronomy.com/jupiter.htm http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/jupiter-

article/