PHẦN I: DẠNG THƯỜNG:Cấu trúc của một câu Passive Voice thông thường gồm ít nhất S + BE + V3/ed ….. :

S BE V3/ed …… (by + O)

Cách chuyển đổi qua lại thông thường giữa câu chủ động (Active Voice) và câu bị động (Passive Voice) như sau:

Active VoiceS

V O …….

Passive Voice S BE + V3/ed ……. (by + O) ….

Như vậy, ta thấy rằng, muốn chuyển đổi qua lại giữa câu chủ động với câu bị động thông thường, ta có 03 vị trí chính cần đổi là: Đổi qua lại giữa S thành (BY + ) O ; O thành S ; và V thành BE + V3/ed.

1: Hướng dẫn đổi qua lại giữa S và O:

Subject (S) Đổi qua lại thành Object (O)Subject

(S)Đổi qua lại thành Object (O)

I me He himWe us She herYou you It itThey them Danh từ danh từWho whom Which which

Ghi nhớ: Thứ nhất: Lược bỏ BY + O ở câu bị động khi O là các đối tượng mơ hồ, không quan trọng hoặc đã quá rõ

O trong BY + O là đối tượng nào rồi. Ví dụ như là ME, US, YOU, THEM, HIM, HER, PEOPLE, SOMEONE, SOMEBODY, SOMETHING, ANYONE, ANYBODY, ANYTHING, NO ONE, NOBODY, NOTHING, EVERYONE, EVERYBODY, EVERYTHING….

Thứ nhì: Thông thường BY + O nằm cuối câu bị động. Thứ ba: Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn ĐẶT TRƯỚC BY + O trong câu bị động. Thứ tư: Trạng từ chỉ thời gian ĐẶT SAU BY + O trong câu bị động.

2: Hướng dẫn đổi giữa V từ câu chủ động sang BE + V3/ed ở câu bị động:- Từ câu chủ động, ta đem đặt động từ BE vào vị trí ngay phía trước động từ cuối cùng và động từ BE sẽ mang hình thức của động từ cuối cùng. Còn động từ cuối cùng phải chuyển sang V3 / -ed. - Phải nhớ hòa hợp giữa chủ từ và động từ đầu tiên của cụm động từ ở câu Passive voice. Ví dụ: (GV vừa cho các ví dụ, vừa giải thích dựa theo hướng dẫn trên)

1) Active voice: He has given five books to me. Passive voice: Five books have been given to me (by him). Passive voice: I have been given five books (by him). 2) Active voice: They were doing the bedroom on Friday.. Passive voice: The bedroom was being done (by them) on Friday. 3) Active voice: People will have built a 3-D TV by the end of this centuryPassive voice: A 3-D TV will have been built (by people) by the end of this century. 4) Active voice: They gave the job to Amy and Bob. Passive voice: The job was given to Amy and Bob (by them). Passive voice: Amy and Bob were given the job (by them).

- Phải nhớ: Trạng từ chỉ thể cách ĐẶT TRƯỚC ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG VÀ ĐẶT SAU ĐỘNG TỪ ĐẶC BIỆT trong câu bị động.

PHẦN II: CÁC DẠNG ĐẶC BIỆT:Dạng 1:

Active Voice: Sa V THAT Sb + V ……

Passive Voice: IT BE + V3/ed THAT Sb + V ……Ghi chú: Sa thường là People, Someone, Somebody, Something, Anyone, Anybody, Anything, No One, Nobody, Nothing, Everyone, Everybody, Everything, They.Ví dụ:

a) Active voice: People said that he had three wives. → Passive voice: It was said that he had three wives.b) Active voice : Someone thinks that he had two wives. → Passive voice: It is thought that he had two wives.c) Active voice: Somebody believes that Nam had only one wife.→ Passive voice: It is believed that Nam had only one wife.

Dạng 2:Active Voice: Sa V THAT Sb + V + Oc ……

Passive Voice: IT BE + V3/ed THAT Sc + BE + V3/ed ……(BY+ Ob)Ghi chú: Sa thường là People, Someone, Somebody, Something, Anyone, Anybody, Anything, No One, Nobody, Nothing, Everyone, Everybody, Everything, They.Ví dụ:

a) Active voice: People said that she had given a book to Nam. → Passive voice: It was said that a book had been given to Nam (by her).b) Active voice : Someone thinks that Nga has seen those films twice. → Passive voice: It is thought that those films have been seen twice by Nga.c) Active voice: Somebody believes that Nam bought a ring for Nga.→ Passive voice : It is believed that a ring was bought for Nga by Nam.

Dạng 3:Active Voice: Sa V THAT Sb + V1/s/es Oc ……

Passive Voice: Sb BE + V3/ed T O +V0 Oc ……Ghi chú: Sa thường là People, Someone, Somebody, Something, Anyone, Anybody, Anything, No One, Nobody, Nothing, Everyone, Everybody, Everything, They.Ví dụ:

a) Active voice: People said that she has two husbands. → Passive voice: She was said to have two husbands.b) Active voice : Someone thinks that Nga saw those films twice. → Passive voice: Nga is thought to see those films twice.c) Active voice: Somebody believes that Nam buys a ring for Nga.→ Passive voice : Nam is believed to buy a ring for Nga.

Như vậy, ta thấy dạng 2 và dạng 3 có thể đổi 2 cách (ví dụ c ở hai dạng nói trên)

Dạng 4:Active Voice: Sa V THAT Sb + V2/ed / HAD V3/ed Oc ……

Passive Voice: Sb BE + V3/ed T O HAVE +V3/ed Oc ……

Ghi chú: Sa thường là People, Someone, Somebody, Something, Anyone, Anybody, Anything, No One, Nobody, Nothing, Everyone, Everybody, Everything, They.Ví dụ: a) Active voice: People said that she had given a book to Nam.

→ Passive voice: She was said to have given a book to Nam.b) Active voice : Someone thinks that Nga had seen those films twice. → Passive voice: Nga is thought to have seen those films twice.c) Active voice: Somebody believes that Nam had bought a ring for Nga.→ Passive voice : Nam is believed to have bought a ring for Nga.

Như vậy, ta thấy dạng 2 và dạng 4 có thể đổi 2 cách (ví dụ a ở hai dạng nói trên)

Dạng 5:Active Voice: Sa V THAT Sb + V1/s/es Oc ……

Passive Voice: Sc BE + V3/ed TO BE +V3/ed …… + BY + Ob

Ghi chú: Sa thường là People, Someone, Somebody, Something, Anyone, Anybody, Anything, No One, Nobody, Nothing, Everyone, Everybody, Everything, They.Ví dụ: a) Active voice: People said that the soldiers killed the King in the battle.

→ Passive voice: The King was said to be killed in the battle by the soldiers.b) Active voice : Someone thinks that Nga does those exercises very well. → Passive voice: Those exercises are thought to be done very well by Nga.c) Active voice: Somebody believes that Nam buys a ring for Nga.→ Passive voice : A ring is believed to be bought for Nga by Nam.

Dạng 6:Active Voice: Sa V THAT Sb + V2/ed / HAD + V3/ed Oc ……

Sc BE + V3/ed T O HAVE BEEN + V3/ed …… + BY + Ob

Ghi chú: Sa thường là People, Someone, Somebody, Something, Anyone, Anybody, Anything, No One, Nobody, Nothing, Everyone, Everybody, Everything, They.Ví dụ:

a) Active voice: People said that the soldiers had killed the King in the battle. → Passive voice: The King was said to have been killed in the battle by the soldiers.b) Active voice : Someone thinks that Nga had done those exercises very well. → Passive voice: Those exercises are thought to have been done very well by Nga.c) Active voice: Somebody believes that Nam bought a ring for Nga.→ Passive voice : A ring is believed to have been bought for Nga by Nam.

Dạng 7: Dạng bị động của thể ngoại tác (causative form) và bị động của chữ NEEDa. Cấu trúc bị động của thể ngoại tác (Câu nhờ vả) như sau:

SHAVE

SOMETHING V3/ed ……GET

Ví dụ:He has / gets his broken chairs repaired.We have / get our windows repainted.

b. Cấu trúc bị động của chữ NEED: S + NEED + V-ing + …… = S + NEED TO BE + V3/ed + ……

Ví dụ:Your long hair needs cutting = Your long hair needs to be cut.Your broken chairs need repairing = Your broken chairs need to be repaired.

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG: Exercise 1. Rewrite these sentences beginning with the words provided. 1. The manager always welcomes new employees.→ New employees ____________________________________________________________________2. Janet's colleagues gave her a present when she retired.→ Janet ____________________________________________________________________________3. Thomas Edison invented the phonograph in 1877. → The phonograph ___________________________________________________________________4. Stephen Court has just invented an armchair.→ An armchair ______________________________________________________________________5. Where will your company send you next year? → Where will you ____________________________________________________________________6. During the recession, the firm was making people redundant → During the recession, people __________________________________________________________7. The postman has delivered a package to you.→ A package ________________________________________________________________________8. The students usually hold the concerts at the university. → The concerts ______________________________________________________________________9. The scientists are studying the problem carefully. → The problem ______________________________________________________________________10. The police found two children in the forest. → Two children ______________________________________________________________________Exercise 2. Change the following sentences into the passive voice.1. People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday→ _________________________________________________________________________________2. We use this room only on special occasions.→ _________________________________________________________________________________3. Millions of people watch this program.→ _________________________________________________________________________________4. They are pulling down an old tree.→ _________________________________________________________________________________5. A policeman is showing us the way to the post office.→ _________________________________________________________________________________6. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.→ _________________________________________________________________________________7. Someone switched on a light and opened the door.→ _________________________________________________________________________________8*. Why hadn’t they mended the roof before it fell in?→ _________________________________________________________________________________9. They rang the church bell as a flood warning.→ _________________________________________________________________________________10. Mary was typing a letter all day yesterday.→ _________________________________________________________________________________11. You must not hammer nails into the wall without permission.→ _________________________________________________________________________________12. We must do our homework now.→ _________________________________________________________________________________13. Somebody will meet you at the bus station.→ _________________________________________________________________________________14. They will hold the meeting before May Day.→ _________________________________________________________________________________

15. Dick has told the news to his sister.→ _________________________________________________________________________________16. Somebody had slashed the picture with a knife.→ _________________________________________________________________________________17. They are going to build a new school in our district.→ _________________________________________________________________________________18. You should open the wine about three.→ _________________________________________________________________________________19. The manager always welcomes new employees.→ _________________________________________________________________________________20. Stephen Court has just invented a new style of armchair.→ _________________________________________________________________________________Exercise 3. Change the following sentences into active voice.1. This place was designed by a French architect.→ _________________________________________________________________________________2. My car has been repaired by this machine.→ _________________________________________________________________________________3. The milk is brought to my door by Tom.→ _________________________________________________________________________________4. The English test couldn’t be done by Nam.→ _________________________________________________________________________________5. Our salary is going to be increased.→ _________________________________________________________________________________Exercise 4. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.1. A new building __________ built near my school next June.

A. would be B. have been C. will be D. could be2. This church __________ by a famous architect, David Brown. A. were designing B. were designed C. was designing D. was designed3. Traffic rules__________ strictly.

A. followed B. must followed C. must be followed D. must follow4. You should be aware that English people never like __________ personal questions. A. asked B. to be asked C. being asked D. to being asked5. Gold __________ in California in the 19th century

A. was discovered B. has been discovered C. were discovered D. they discover 6. English __________ in many parts of the world. A. speaks B. was spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken7. A: What a beautiful dress you are wearing! B: Thank you. It __________ especially for me by a French tailor. A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made8. Today, many serious children diseases __________ by early immunization. A. are preventing B. can prevent C. can be prevented D. prevent9. Many animals are __________ for their fur or other valuable parts of their bodies. A. killed B. died C. killing D. dying10. "Those eggs of different colors are very artistic”- “Yes, they ______ in Russia”

A. were painted B. were paint C. were painting D. paintedExercise 5. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.1. “Those eggs of different colors are very artistic”- “Yes, they __________ in Russia”

A. were painted B. were paint C. were painting D. painted2. “David is in prison for smoking drugs”- “He __________ that it was against the law”

A. is telling B. was told C. told D. tells

3. “The maintenance people didn't remove the chairs from the ballroom”- “Don't worry. They __________ them before the dance begins”A. will have been moved B. will have moved C. were moved D. moved

4. Gold __________ in California in the 19th century. A. was discovered B. has been discovered C. was discover D. they discovered

5. __________ that military spending is extremely high. A. We are left B. It feels C. It is felt D. We feel that it is

6. All planes __________ before departure. A. will check B. will have checked C. will be checked D. will be checking

7. I wanted __________ by the head of the company, but it was impossible. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. being to see

8. Nancy __________ at Bob's house every night this week. A. has been eaten B. has eating C. is being eaten D. has been eating

9. “Where did you get these old dresses?”- “We __________ them in the old trunk”A. were found B. finding C. found D. have been found

10. “What happened to the old mail carrier?”- “He __________ to a new neighborhood to work”A. has sent B. was send C. was sent D. sent

11. “The longest fish in the contest was eighteen inches long”- “It __________ by Peter”A. was catching B. caught C. was caught D. catch

12. “I heard you decided to take up tennis”- “Yes, I have __________ every day”A. been played B. been playing C. playing D. play

13. “Are we about to have dinner?”- “Yes, it __________ in the dining room”A. is serving B. serves C. is being served D. served

14. “Why is Tony in prison?”- “He __________ of robbery”A. has been convicted B. has been convicting C. has convicted D. convicted

15. “Where are Jack and Joseph?”- “They __________ the boxes you asked for into the house”A. have been bringing B. bringing C. have been brought D. to bring

16. “Where's the old chicken coop?”- “It __________ by a windstorm last year”A. destroy B. is destroyed C. was destroyed D. destroyed

17. “We're still looking for Tom?”- “Hasn't he __________ yet?”A. been found B. to find C. found D. being found

18. “Whatever happened to that fortune-teller?”- “I don't know. She __________ around here in a long time”A. hasn't seen B. didn't see C. hasn't been seeing D. hasn't been seen

19. “Diana is a wonderful ballet dancer”- “She __________ since she was four”A. has been dancing B. has been danced C. is dancing D. was danced

20. “What a beautiful dress you're wearing!”- “Thank you. It __________ especially for me by a French tailor”A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made

21. About 15,000 years ago, northern Wisconsin __________ under ice a mile deep. A. buried B. was burying C. was buried D. had buried

22. Edward was new on the job, but he quickly fit himself into the __________ routine of the office. A. established B. establishing C. establishes D. establish

23. The Mayan Indians __________ an accurate and sophisticated calendar more than seven centuries ago. A. were developed B. developed C. are developed D. have been developed

24. George is __________ Lisa. A. marry with B. marry to C. married with D. married to

25. The rescuers __________ for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers. A. were praised B. praised C. were praising D. praising

26. When I woke up and looked outside, the landscape had changed. The ground had been lightly __________ with a dusting of snow during the night. A. covering B. cover C. covers D. covered

27. We can't even walk in the storm. Let's wait in the hallway where we'll be __________ the strong winds until things quiet down. A. protected from B. protected by C. protecting from D. protecting by

28. “__________ about the eight o'clock flight to Chicago?”- “Not yet”A. Has been an announcement made B. Has an announcement madeC. Has an announcement been made D. Has been made an announcement

29. Last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It __________ everything in its path. A. destroyed B. was destroyedC. was being destroyed D. had been destroyed

30. Be sure to wash the vegetables thoroughly. A lot of pesticide residues __________ on unwashed produce. A. can find B. can found C. can be found D. can be finding

31. Wait a minute! The table __________ A. is being laid B. had been laid C. is laid D. has been laid

32. Dynamite __________ by Alfred Bernard Nobel. A. had been invented B. invented C. was being invented D. was invented

33. This exercise may __________ with a pencil. A. be written B. be to write C. be writing D. write

34. __________ this work __________ before you went to London?A. Will - have been done B. Has - been done C. Will - be done D. Had - been done

35. If you __________ about it, will you be able to answer?A. are asked B. ask C. will be asked D. asked

36. A shortage of water is a problem in many parts of the world. In some areas, water __________ from the ground faster than nature can replenish the supply. A. is being taken B. has been taking C. is taking D. has teken

37. Vitamin C __________ by the human body. It gets into the blood stream quickly. A. absorbs easily B. is easily absorbing C. is easily absorbed D. absorbed easily

38. “When can I have my car back?”– “I think it'll __________ late this afternoon”A. finish B. be finished C. have finished D. be finish

39. I didn't think my interview went very well, but I guess it must have. Despite all my anxiety, I __________ for the job I wanted. I'm really going to work hard to justify their confidence. A. was hiring B. hired C. got hiring D. got hired

40. My country __________ the pursuit of world peace. A. is dedicating to B. is dedicated to C. is dedicating by D. is dedicated by

41. “Has the committee made its decision yet?”– “Not yet. They are still __________ the proposal”A. considering B. be considered C. being considered D. considered

42. In some rural areas of the United States, health care __________ by only a small number of doctors. Nurses, and other health professionals. It's often more than they can handle. A. is providing B. is being provided C. provides D. provided

43. “How did that window __________?”– “I don't know”A. get broken B. broke C. got broken D. broken

44. Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters. His paintings __________ masterpieces all over the world. A. had considered B. are considering C. are considered D. consider

45. As the fairy tale goes, the prince __________ into a frog by an evil magician, and only a kiss from a beautiful princess could restore him to his original state. A. turned B. was turning C. was turned D. had been turning

46. “__________ the plan __________?”– “No, it __________ now”– “How long __________ it __________?”A. Has/ been approved / is being discussed / has/ been discussedB. Was/ approved / is being discussed / has/ been discussedC. Has/ been approved / is being discussed / was /discussed

D. Has/ been approved / is discussed / has/ been discussed47. By the time he arrives everything __________

A. had been settled B. will be settled C. will have been settled D. has been settled48. Not all the necessary things __________ for our trip that's why the departure __________

A. will have been bought - has been postponed B. have been bought - has been postponedC. has been bought - has been postponed D. had been bought - has been postponed

49. The money __________ to him two months ago, but it __________ back yet. A. was lent - had not been given B. has been lent - was not givenC. was lent - has not given D. was lent - has not been given

50. The business day was in high gear; the mail __________, documents were being typed, letters __________, talks __________ A. was being looked through - have been answered - had been heldB. was being looked through - were being answered - were being heldC. has been looked through - were being answered - were being heldD. had looked through - had been answered - were being held

51. The building of the bridge had bee delayed for three years because of political problems on both sides of the rivers. Finally, it __________ because the public demand action, and now many hours of driving have been saved for daily commuters. A. was constructed B. get constructed C. constructed D. has constructed

52. On Friday afternoon before a three-day holiday weekend, the highways __________ people on their way out of the city. A. are crowding by B. are being crowd with C. are crowded with D. crowd by

53. Fortunately, the hospital's new air-conditioning system __________ when the first heat wave of the summer arrived. A. had installed B. had been installing C. had been installed D. installed

54. It's hard to believe that my application for a scholarship __________ I was sure I'd get it. I don't know now if I'll go to school next year. A. was denied B. denied C. was denying D. has denied

55. The man died because medical help was not summoned. A doctor should __________ immediately. A. have called B. be called C. called D. have been called

56. “Can't we do something about the situation?”– “Something __________ right now”A. is doing B. is do C. is being done D. has been doing

57. “Are you interested in scuba diving?”– “Very, undersea life is __________ “A. fascinated B. fascinating C. being fascinating D. being fascinated

58. The university __________ by private funds as well as by tuition income and grants. A. is supported B. supports C. is supporting D. has supported

59. My car made strange noise, sputtered to a stop, and then wouldn't start again. Fortunately, the mechanic at my garage __________ the cause of the problem. A. was discovering B. discovered C. has been discovered D. was discovered

60. “Ms John, please type those letters before noon”– “They've already __________, sir. They're on your desk”A. typed B. been typed C. being typed D. been being typed

61. I __________ with you on that subject. A. am agree B. am agreed C. agreeing D. agree

62. Many American automobiles __________ in Detroit, Michigan. A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing

63. Let's go ahead and do it now. Nothing __________ by waiting. A. accomplishes B. will be accomplished C. has accomplished D. accomplished

64. “When __________?”– “In 1928. “A. penicillin was invented B. did penicillin inventedC. was penicillin invented D. did penicillin invent

65. In recent years, the government has imposed pollution controls on automobile manufacturers. Both domestic and imported automobiles must __________ anti-pollution devices. A. equip with B. equip by C. be equipped with D. be equipped by

66. The first draft resolution __________ yesterday, it __________ long before the beginning of the meeting. A. was not discussed - had been withdrawn B. has not been discussed - has been withdrawnC. was not discussed - had been withdrawn D. had not been discussed - was withdrawn

67. He is not in town; he __________ on a special mission. A. is sending B. will be sent C. has sent D. has been sent

68. Don't come into the compartment; the berth __________ now. A. is being fixed B. has been fixed C. is fixed D. is being fixing

69. A new underground line __________ now. They say one of its stations __________ in my street. A. is constructed - will be built B. is being constructed - has been builtC. is being constructed - will be built D. will be constructed - to be built

70. He wants to know when the final decision __________ The activities of the committee and their delays already __________ about. A. has been taken - have spoken B. will be taken - have been spokenC. will be taken - will be spoken D. is taken - have been spoken

71. It was three o'clock. We __________ to hurry up because we __________ A. were told - were being waited B. had been told - were waitedC. were told - were waiting D. told - were being waited

72. Do you believe that such a problem can __________?A. solve B. be solving C. is solved D. be solved

73. It must __________ without delay. A. be done B. have been done C. do D. be doing

74. On September 9, 1850, California __________ to the United States as the thirty-first state. A. has been admitted B. was admitted C. has admitted D. admitted

75. When I came, an experiment __________ in the lab. A. was being holding B. has been held C. was being held D. has held

76. I still cannot believe it! My bicycle __________ some minutes ago. A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D. stole

77. The current constitutional problem is __________ by the top legal minds in the country. A. studying B. being studying C. being studied D. been studied

78. Something funny __________ in class yesterday. A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened

79. The child's arm was swollen because he __________ by a bee. A. stung B. had stung C. had been stung D. had being stung

80. Today many serious childhood diseases __________ by early immunization. A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented

81. Sally gave such a good speech that I couldn't resist __________ loudly when she finished. A. applauding B. being applauding C. to applaud D. to be applauded

82. Tom admitted __________ the rock through the window. A. throwing B. being thrown C. to throw D. to be thrown

83. If you want to develop inner tranquility, you have to stop __________ by every little thing that happens. A. bothering B. being bothered C. to bother D. to be bothered

84. Richard really didn't mind __________ by the party to celebrate his fortieth birthday although he told his friends that they shouldn't have done it. A. surprising B. being surprised C. to surprise D. to be surprised

85. Ann hoped __________ to join the private club, She could make important business contacts there. A. inviting B. being invited C. to invite D. to be invited

86. Are you sure you told me? I don't recall __________ about it. A. having told B. having been told C. to have been told D. to have told

87. David appears __________ some weight. Has he been ill?A. having lost B. having been lost C. to have been lost D. to have lost

88. Tom made a serious mistake at work, but his boss didn't fire him. He's lucky __________ a second chance. A. having given B. having been given C. to have been given D. to have given

89. Dr. Nguyen is a brilliant and dedicated scientist who had expected to be selected as the director of the institute. She was very surprised not __________ the position. A. having offered B. having been offered C. to have been offered D. to have offered

90. By the time their baby arrives, the Johnsons hope __________ painting and decorating the new nursery. A. having finished B. having been finishedC. to have finished D. to have been finished

91. Instead of __________ about the good news, Peter seemed to be indifferent. A. exciting B. being excited C. to excite D. to be excited

92. The new students hope __________ in many of the school's social activities. A. including B. being included C. to include D. to be included

93. The owner of the building's supply store doesn't mind __________ his customers discounts when they buy in large quantities. A. giving B. being given C. to give D. to be given

94. Jack got into trouble when he refused __________ his briefcase for the customs officer. A. opening B. being opened C. to open D. to be opened

95. Barbara didn't mention __________ about her progress report at work, but I'm sure she is. A. concerning B. being concerned C. to concern D. to be concerned

96. The City Parks Department is putting in several miles of new trails because so many people have said that they enjoy __________ on them. A. walking B. being walked C. to walk D. to be walked

97. You'd better save some money for a rainy day. You can't count on __________ by your parents every time you get into financial difficulty. A. rescuing B. being rescued C. to rescue D. to be rescued

98. Please forgive me. I didn't mean __________ you. A. upsetting B. being upset C. to upset D. to be upset

99. I don't remember __________ of the decision to change the company policy on vacations. When was it decided?A. telling B. being told C. to tell D. to be told

100. Ms Clark expects __________ about any revisions in her manuscript before it is printed. A. consulting B. being consulted C. to consult D. to be consulted

101. My wedding ring __________ of yellow and white gold. A. is made B. is making C. made D. makes

102. If my brother __________ he would come. A. invited B. were invited C. were inviting D. invite

103. References __________ in the examination room. A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used

104. Mary __________ in Boston. A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born

105. My mother is going __________ this house. A. sold B. to be sold C. to sold D. to sell

106. There’s somebody behind us. I think we are __________ A. being followed B. are followed C. follow D. following

107. Have you __________ by a dog?A. bite B. ever been bit C. ever been bitten D. bit

108. The room is being __________ at the moment. A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean

109. The road to our village __________ widened next year.

A. is B. will C. can D. will be110. 10. The old lady was __________ exhausted after the long walk.

A. very B. absolutely C. pretty D. fairly. 111. The old man is said__________ all his money to an old people’s home when he died.

A. to leave B. to leaving C. have left D. to have left. 112. Nobody was injured in the accident, __________?

A. was there B. was he C. were they D. weren’t they. 113. Renoir’s paintings __________ masterpieces all over the world.

A. had considered B. are considered C. are considering D. consider. 114. He was advised__________ singing lessons.

A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take. 115. You’d better get someone__________ your living room.

A. redecorate B. redecorated C. to redecorate D. redecorating. 116. __________ by the police.

A. The stealing car has just been found B. The stolen car has just been foundC. The stealing car has just found D. The stolen car has just found.

117. __________ to you yet? A. Are the book been giving back B. Was the book been given backC. Has been the book given back D. Has the book been given back

118. They cancelled all flights because of fog.

119. They are building a new highway around the city.

120. They have built a new hospital near the airport.

121. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.

122. People don’t use this road very often.

123. Somebody accused me of stealing money.

124. Somebody is using the computer at the moment.

125. The bill includes service.

126. They have changed the date of the meeting.

127. It has been said that UFO sightings are increasing. `

128. The word jeans comes from a kind of material that__________ in Europe. A. made B. had made C. was made D. are made

129. Different styles of jeans__________ to match the 1960’s fashions. A. designed B. are designed C. were designed D. had designed

130. The ao dai__________ for years. A. is modernized C. have been modernized B. was modernized D. has been modernized

131. A new hospital__________ next year. A. is built B. will be built C. has been built D. will build

132. Food__________ direct to the market by trucks. A. delivered B. deliver C. can be delivered D. delivers

133. The house has__________ after the fire.

A. to rebuild B. to be rebuilt C. be to rebuilt D. rebuilt134. All the homework__________ at home.

A. should do B. should done C. should be done D. should be doing135. The application form__________ to the university before May 31st.

A. must send B. sent C. must be send D. must be sent136. Traffic rules__________ strictly.

A. followed B. must followed C. must be followed D. must follow137. Students__________ to participate in the after school activities.

A. encourage B. is encouraged C. are encouraged D. encouraged138. Education __________ to be the most important element to develop a country.

A. often be considered B. can often considerC. can often considered D. can often be considered

139. Beethoven's Fifth Symphony __________ next weekend. A. is going to be performed B. has been performedC. will be performing D. will have performed

140. Reagan __________ an actor years ago. A. is said to be B. was said being C. was said have been D. is said to have been

141. I still can’t believed it! My bicycle__________ last night. A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D. Stole

142. Ms Maier __________ at the Ajax CompanyA. is employing B. employed C. employing D. is employing

143. Something __________ funny in class yesterday. A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened

144. The child’s arm was swollen because he __________ by a beeA. stung B. had stung C. had been stung D. had being stung

145. Today many serious childhood disease __________ by early immunization. A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented

146. I __________ with you on that subject. A. am agree B. am agree C. agreeing D. agree.

147. Many American automobiles __________ in Detroit, Michigan. A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing

148. Let’s go ahead and do it now. Nothing __________ by waiting. A. accomplishes B. accomplished C. has accomplished D. will be accomplished

149. “When __________?”- “In 1928. “A. penicillin was discovered B. did penicillin discoveredC. was penicillin discovered D. did penicillin discover

150. In recent years, the government has imposed pollution controls on car manufacturers. Both domestic and imported cars must __________ anti-pollution devices. A. equip with B. be equipped with C. equip by D. be equipped by

151. A shortage of water is a problem in many parts of the world. In some areas water__________ from the ground faster than nature can replenish the supply. A. is being taken B. has been taking C. is taking D. has taken

152. Vitamin C __________ by the human body. It gets into the blood stream quickly. A. absorbs easily B. is easily absorbing. C. is easily absorbed D. absorbed easily

153. “When can I have my car back?”– “I think it’ll __________ late this afternoon”A. finish B. be finished C. have finished D. be finish

154. I didn’t think my interview went very well, but I guess it must have. Despite all my anxiety, I __________ for the job I wanted. I’m really going to work hard to justify their confidence. A. was hiring B. hired C. god hiring D. got hired

155. My country__________ the pursuit of world peace. A. is dedicating to B. is dedicated to C. dedicating to D. dedicated to

156. About 15,000 years ago, that region __________ under ice a mile deep. A, buried B. was burying C. was buried D. had buried

157. Pete was new on the job, but he quickly __________ himself into the established routine of the office. A. fit B. fits C. has been fit D. had been fit

158. The Mayan Indians, an accurate and sophisticated calendar__________ more than seven centuries ago. A. were developed B. developed C. are developed D. have been developed

159. George got __________ Lisa. A. marry with B. marry to C. married with D. married to

160. The rescuers __________ for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers. A. were praised B. praised C. were praising D. praising

161. The preparations __________ by the time the guests __________ A. had been finished / arrived B. have finished / arrivedC. had finished / were arriving D. have been finished / were arrived

162. This car __________ A. was manufactured in Japan by Toyota last yearB. was manufactured by Toyota last year in JapanC. was manufactured last year in Japan by ToyotaD. last year was manufactured by Toyota in Japan

163. Gold __________ in California in the 19th century A. was discovered B. has been discovered C. were discovered D. they discover

164. Julia said that she __________ there at noon. A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be

165. He __________ that he was leaving way that afternoon. A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me

166. She said to me that she __________ to me the Sunday before. A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had writing

167. I __________ him to sell that old motorbike. A. said to B. suggested C. advised D. recommended

168. My parents reminded me __________ the flowers. A. remember to plant B. not to plant to plant C. to plant D. planting

169. I asked Martha __________ to enter law school. A. are you planning B. is she planning C. was she planning D. if she was planning

170. Nam wanted to know what time __________ A. does the movie begin B. did the movie begin C. the movie begins D. the movie began

171. I wondered__________ the right thing. A. whether I was doing B. if I am doing C. was I doing D. am I doing

172. The scientist said the earth __________ the sun. A. goes around B. is going aroundC. went around D. was going around

173. Peter said that if he __________ rich, he __________ a lot. A. is – will travel B. were – would travelC. had been – would have traveled D. was – will travel

174. They said that they had been driving through the desert__________ A. the previous day B. yesterday C. the last day D. Sunday previously

175. He asked the children __________ too much noise. A. not to make B. not making C. don’t make D. if they don’t make

176. The man said that the days __________ longer in summer. A. will be B. are C. were D. can be

177. The teacher said Columbus __________ America in. A. discovered B. had discovered C. was discovering D. would discover

178. John said he __________ her since they __________ school.

A. hasn’t met – left B. hadn’t met - had leftC. hadn’t met – left D. didn’t meet – has left

179. The woman asked __________ get lunch at school. A. can the children B. whether the children couldC. if the children can D. could the children

180. Laura said that when she__________ to school, she saw an accident. A. was walking B. has walked C. had been walking D. has been walking

181. He asked,”Why didn’t she take the final exam?”- He asked why __________ the final exam. A. she took B. did she take C. she hadn’t taken D. she had taken

182. Ba said he__________ some good marks last semester. A. gets B. got C. getting D. have got

183. They told their parents that they__________ their best to do the test. A. try B. will try C. are trying D. would try

184. She asked me where I__________ from. A. come B. coming C. to come D. came

185. She__________ me whether I liked classical music or not. A. ask B. asks C. asked D. asking

186. He asked me who__________ the editor of that book. A. was B. were C. is D. has been

187. He wants to know whether I __________ back tomorrow. A. come B. came C. will come D. would come

188. I wonder why he__________ love his family. A. doesn’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. hasn’t

189. They asked me how many children__________ A. I had B. had I C. I have D. have I

190. Thu said she had been__________ the day before. A. here B. there C. in this place D. where

191. The student said that the English test__________ the most difficult. A. is B. was C. will be D. have been

192. He wanted to know __________ shopping during the previous morning. A. if we had been going B. that if we had been goingC. we were going D. that we were going

193. He asked me __________ Robert and I said I did not know __________ A. that did I know / who were Robert B. that I knew / who Robert wereC. if I knew / who Robert was D. whether I knew / who was Robert

194. The mother asked her son __________ A. where he has been B. where he had been C. where has he been D. where had he been

195. Martin asked me __________ A. how is my father B. how my father is C. how was my father D. how my father was

196. The host asked Peter __________ tea or coffee. A. whether he preferred B. that he preferred C. did he prefer D. if he prefers

197. She asked me __________ my holidays __________ A. where I spent / the previous year B. where I had spent / the previous yearC. where I spent / last year D. where did I spend / last year

198. He advised __________ too far. A. her did not go B. her do not go C. her not to go D. she did not go

199. John often says he __________ boxing because it __________ a cruel sport. A. does not like / is B. did not like / wereC. not liked / had been D. had not liked / was

200. Nancy asked me why I had not gone to New York the summer __________ A. before B. ago C. last D. previous

201. He asked __________ him some money. A. her to lend B. she to lend C. she has lent D. she lends

202. Andrew told me that they __________ fish two __________ days. A. have not eaten / ago B. had not eaten / previousC. did not eat / before D. would not eat / last

203. Jason told me that he __________ his best in the exam the __________ day. A. had done / following B. will do / previousC. would do / following D. was going / previous

204. John asked me __________ in English. A. what does this word mean B. what that word meansC. what did this word mean D. what that word meant

205. The mother told her son __________ so impolitely. A. not behave B. not to behave C. not behaving D. did not behave

206. She said she __________ collect it for me after work. A. would B. did C. must D. had

207. She said I __________ an angel. A. am B. was C. were D. have been

208. I have ever told you he __________ unreliable. A. is B. were C. had been D. would Be

209. I told him __________ the word to Jane somehow that I __________ to reach her during the early hours. A. passing / will try B. he will pass / triedC. to pass / would be trying D. he passed / have tried

210. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since __________ A. yesterday B. two days ago C. the day before D. the next day

211. John asked me __________ interested in any kind of sports. A. if I were B. if were I C. if was I D. if I was

212. John asked me __________ that film the night before. A. that I saw B. had I seen C. if I had seen D. if had I seen

213. The guest told the host that __________ A. I must go now B. he must go now C. he had to go now D. he had to go then

214. People have discovered a new source of energy

215. People say that he was born in London

216. People say Chinese food is the best in the world

217. The storm blew a lot of trees down last night

218. They gave the job to Amy and Bob.

219. They started the work last week.

220. They finished the kitchen’s building on Saturday.

221. Somebody calls the president everyday.

222. Last Thursday we pointed a new marketing manager.

223. William, the conqueror built the castle in the 11th century.

224. People believed that somebody murdered Miss. Stone.

225. We put a notice about the trip on the notice board yesterday.

226. People think that an apple a day is good for you.

227. The cold weather damaged the plants.

228. They were doing the bedroom on Friday.

229. They’re painting the living room now. .230. Martha was delivering the documents to the department.

231. The mayor is going to open a new airport.

232. If you can’t drive, who is going to drive your car?

233. The police are interviewing all the witnesses.

234. We’re going to give David a big surprise.

235. They have painted the walls green.

236. They will finish the work next week.

237. The delegates (đoàn đại biểu) had received the information before the recess ( thời gian nghỉ giữa buổi). 238. The teacher should buy the supplies for this class. 239. Somebody will call Mr. Watson tonight.

240. The fire has caused a considerable damage.

241. John will have received the papers by tomorrow.

242. They haven’t decided anything yet.

243. Your hair is long. You ought to get it cut.

244. The medical profession borrowed the technology from the other fields.

245. The surgeons arranged for the installation of a TV screen in the operating theatre.

246. They first drew up emergency plans, later abandoned to build new cities.

247. They had to make plans for extra places in schools in the 1990s.

248. We gave the first scheme as their approval.

249. I think Alfred Nobel invented dynamite.

250. People thought at first that the Crown Prince had been attacked.

251. People consider that his speech was one of the best.

252. Police reported that a man had been helping them with their investigation.

253. All bottles __________ before transportation.A. frozen B. is frozen C. was frozen D. were frozen

254. Everything that __________ remained a secret.A. had be overheard B. had been overheardC. had been overheared D. would had been overheard

255. Everything __________ A. were forbidden B. is forbidden C. is forbidded D. are forbidden

256. Everything__________ A. are going to be forgotten B. is going to be forgottenC. is going to be forgot D. were going to be forgotten

257. I__________ A. have not given the money B. have not been given the moneyC. have not been give the money D. have not be given the money

258. It __________ for years.A. has not be known B. had not been knownC. had not be known D. have not been known

259. It __________ that learning English is easy.A. are said B. said C. is said D. is sayed

260. John and Ann__________ A. were not mislead B. were not misleededC. was not misled D. were not misled

261. Our horses __________ A. are well feeded B. are well fed C. is well fed D. is well feeded

262. Peter and Tom __________ in an accident yesterday.A. is hurt B. is hurted C. were hurt D. were hurted

263. South Florida and HawaiI __________ by a hurricane.A. is hit B. have been hit C. have are hit D. has been hit

264. The battles __________ for liberation.A. had be fought B. had been fighted C. had been fought D. has been fought

265. We can’t go along here because the road__________ A. is repairing B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. repairs

266. The story I’ve just read__________ Agatha Christie.A. was written B. was written by C. was written from D. wrote by

267. I’m going to go out and__________ A. have cut my hair B. have my hair cut C. cut my hair D. my hair be cut

268. Something funny__________ in class yesterday.A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened

269. Many US automobiles__________ in Detroit, MichiganA. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing

270. A lot of pesticide residue can__________ unwashed produce.A. find B. found C. be finding D. be found

271. We__________ by a loud noise during the night.A. woke up B. are woken up C. were woken up D. were waking up

272. Some film stars__________ difficult to work with.A. are said be B. are said to be C. say to be D. said to be

273. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? – I don’t enjoy__________ at.A. be laughed B. to be laughed C. laughing D. being laughed

274. Today, many serious childhood diseases__________ by early immunization.[ sự miễn dịch]A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented

275. Do you get your heating__________ every year?A. checking B. check C. be checked D. checked

276. Bicycles__________ in the driveway.A. must not leave B. must not be leaving C. must not be left D. must not have left

277. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony__________ next weekend.[ Symphony: khúc giao hưởng]A. is going to be performed B. has been performedC. will be performing D. will have perform

278. All bottles__________ before transportation.A. frozen B. were froze C. were frozen D. are froze

279. __________ yet?A. Have the letters been typed B. Have been the letters typedC. Have the letters typed D. Had the letters typed

280. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore where __________ for administration, broadcasting and education.A. is used B. it is used C. used D. being used

281. The telephones__________ by Alexander Graham Bell.A. is invented B. is inventing C. invented D. was invented

282. Lots of houses__________ by the earthquake.A. are destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. is destroyed

283. Gold__________ in California in the 19th century.A. was discovered B. has been discovered C. was discover D. they discover

284. The preparation__________ by the time the guest__________ A. had been finished- arrived B. have finished- arrivedC. had finished-were arriving D. have been finished- were arrived

285. The boy__________ by the teacher yesterday.A. punish B. punished C. punishing D. was punished

286. “Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon” - “They’ve already __________, sir. They’re on your desk.”A. typed B. been being typed C. being typed D. been typed

287. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It__________ of cotton.A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made

288. They had a boy __________ that yesterday.A. done B. to do C. did D. do

289. We got our mail __________ yesterday. A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver

290. James__________ the news as soon as possible.A. should tell B. should be told C. should told D. should be telled

291. My wedding ring __________ yellow and white gold.A. is made B. is making C. made D. make

292. Mr. Wilson is __________ as Willie to his friend.A. known B. knew C. is known D. know

293. References __________ in the examination room.A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used

294. Laura __________ in Boston.A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born

295. His car needs __________.A. be fixed B. fixing C. to be fixing D. fixed

296. Her watch needs __________ A. repairing B. to be repaired C. repaired D. A and B

297. My mother is going __________ this house.A. sold B. sell C. to be sold D. to sell

298. There’s somebody behind us. I think we are __________ A. being followed B. are followed C. follow D. following

299. Have you __________ by a dog?A. bite B. bit C. ever been bitten D. ever been bit

300. The room is being __________ at the moment.A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean

301. It __________ that the strike will end soon.A. is expected B. expected C. are expected D. was expected

302. It is __________ that many people are homeless after the floods.A. was reported B. reports C. reported D. reporting

303. He was said __________ this building.A. designing B. to have designed C. to design D. designed

304. Ted __________ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden. A. got sting B. got stung C. get stung D. gets stung

305. These tennis courts don’t __________ very often. Not many people want to play.A. got used B. used C. get used D. get use

306. I’ll get Minh __________ this for you.A. do B. done C. did D. to do

307. Those letters __________ now. You can do the typing later.A. need typing B. needn't be typed C. need to type D. needn't typing

308. “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it__________ especially for me by a French tailor.”A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made

309. Somebody cleans the room every day.

310. People don’t use this road very often.

311. How do people learn languages?

312. Over 1500 new houses __________ each year. Last year, 1720 new houses __________ A. were built/ were built B. are built/ were builtC. are building / were built D. were built/ were being built

313. Tom bought that book yesterday.

314. The new computer system __________ next month.A. is be installed B. is being installedC. is been installed D. is being installed by people

Exercise 6: Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.1. Ho Chi Minh City, which named is after President Ho Chi Minh, is quite a young city.

A B C D2. The child were told to apologize for being rude to his brother.

A B C D3. When he arrived at the furniture shop, people had been sold the table he wanted.

A B C D4. The first May Day celebrated in England in 1890.

A B C D5. Most of them were build in the nineteenth century and some are very grand.

A B C D6. In many universities, English taught to students although it is not the native language.

A B C D7. Two prisoners were hang this morning by Taliban.

A B C D8. Daisy's ring is make of gold.

A B C D9. The literal work “Hamlet” was wrote by William Shakespeare.

A B C D10. Chinese is studying by Henry every night.

A B C D11. More people are infecting with HIV this year than they were 5 years ago.

A B C D12. The meeting was be rearranged shortly before it had been due to take place.

A B C D13. Every possible effort were made by the orphanage to find the boy’s parents.

A B C D14. Cheques should only be accept with proof of identity.

A B C D15. Dent station is situated on the Seattle to Carlisle railway line, said be the most scenic in the country A

B C D16. Do not blame me if the tin-opener is break.

A B C D17. This class has canceled because too few students had registered before registration closed.

A B C D18. This building will have finished by the end of 2020.

A B C D19. A new road is building across this field next six months.

A B C D20. All his attempts are surporting heartily by his relatives and neighbours

A B C DExercise 7. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.1. Erosion, which washes away valuable topsoil can prevent by planting trees and grass.

A B C D2. The first modern type of Printing press was invented with a German, Johannes Gutenberg, in 1439

A B C D3. It is estimated that much of a teenager's time is spending chatting on the Internet. A B C D4. For several centuries no real changes made in the basic methods used for printing. A B C D 5. Hurricanes from the Gulf of Mexico have been caused serious damage to coastal cities in Texas. A B C D6. Children ought not to be spent too much time playing computer games. A B C D7. It's his wish that the money should to be given to charity. A B C D8. Why don’t you try the cake which has just made?

A B C D9. That pottery was found by an archaeologist while she was worked in this area. A B C D

10. The children are only allowed watching television on the weekend. A B C D

Exercise 8. Choose the best option that has the nearest meaning to the given one.1. Last Thursday we pointed a new marketing manager.

2. William, the conqueror built the castle in the 11th century.

3. We put a notice about the trip on the notice board yesterday.

4. They’re painting the living room now.

5. They will finish the work next week.