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IEC 61439

The new Standard for Low-Voltage Switchgear Assemblies

Changes and Effects in respect of Tests

Author: GE Ronald BorchertIPH Berlin
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The new structureFor the new re-structured IEC61439 series the following parts areenvisaged:

IEC TR 61439-0: Specification Guide for Low-Voltage Switchgear andControlgear ASSEMBLIES

IEC 61439-1: General rulesIEC 61439-2: Power switchgear and controlgearASSEMBLIES(PSC ASSEMBLIES)

IEC 61439-3: Distribution boards (to supersede IEC 60439-3)IEC 61439-4: ASSEMBLIES for construction sites (to supersede IEC 60439-4)

IEC 61439-5: ASSEMBLIES for power distribution (to supersede IEC 60439-5)

IEC 61439-6: Busbar trunking systems (to supersede IEC 60439-2)

This list is not exhaustive; additional parts may be developed as the need

arises.
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IEC 61439

Objectives of the new re-structured standard

Splitting of IEC 60 439-1 into 2 parts:

General rules

Power switchgear assemblies (1st product part)

Disappearance of categories TTA und PTTA

Revision of the present content

(consequential order, more clearly defined requirements)

Different but equivalent options to verify an assembly(Testing / Calculation / Physical measurement or the

validation of design rules)

Take-over of requirements from the standard for emptyenclosures (IEC 62208 / VDE 0660 T511)


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Contents

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Symbols and abbreviations

5 Interface characteristics

6 Information

7 Service conditions

8 Constructional requirements

1 Scope

9 Performance requirements

10 Design verification


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Contents

A to M Normative and informative appendices

Bibliography

Tables 1 to 14

11 Routine verification


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8 Constructional requirements

8.2 Degree of protection provided by an ASSEMBLY enclosure

8.3 Clearances and creepage distances

8.4 Protection against electric shock

8.5 Incorporation of switching devices and components

8.6 Internal electrical circuits and connections

8.7 Cooling

8.8 Terminals for external conductors

8.1 Strength of materials and parts


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9 Performance requirements

9.2 Temperature-rise limits (Table 6)

9.3 Short-circuit protection and short-circuit withstand strength

9.4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

9.1 Dielectric properties


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10.2 Strength of material and parts

10.2.1 General

10.2.2 Resistance to corrosion

10.2.3 Properties of insulating materials

10.2.3.1 Verification of thermal stability of enclosures

10.2.3.2 Verification of resistance of insulating materials to normal heat10.2.3.3 Verification of resistance of insulating materials to abnormal

heat and fire due to internal electric effects

10.1 General


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10.2.5 Lifting

10.2.6 Mechanical impact (IK-Code)

10.2.4 Resistance to ultra-violet (UV) radiation

10.2.7 Marking

10.3. Degree of protection of ASSEMBLIES

10.4. Clearances and creepage distances


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10.5 Protection against electric shock and integrity of protective

circuits10.5.1 Effectiveness of the protective circuit

a) against the consequences of a fault within the ASSEMBLY as

outlined in 10.5.2b) against the consequences of faults in external circuits

supplied through the ASSEMBLY as outlined in 10.5.3





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10.10 Verification of temperature rise

10.11 Short-circuit withstand strength


10.13 Mechanical operation


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Summary

No. Characteristic to be verified Clauses

Verification options available

Testing Calculation Design rules

1 Strength of material and parts: 10.2 - - -

Resistance to corrosion 10.2.2 YES NO NO

Properties of insulating materials: 10.2.3 - - -

Thermal stability 10.2.3.1 YES NO NO

Resistance of insulating materials

to normal heat10.2.3.2 YES NO NO

Resistance of insulating materialsto abnormal heatand fire due to

internal electric effects

10.2.3.3 YES NO NO

Resistance to ultra-violet (UV)radiation

10.2.4 YES NO NO

Lifting 10.2.5 YES NO NO

Mechanical impact 10.2.6 YES NO NO

Marking 10.2.7 YES NO NO


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Summary

No. Characteristic to be verified Clauses

Verification options available


2Degree of protection ofenclosures

10.3 YES NO YES

3Clearances and creepagedistances

10.4 YES NO YES

4Protection against electricshock and integrity ofprotective circuit

10.5 - - -

Effective continuity betweenthe exposed conductive parts

of the ASSEMBLY and theprotective circuit

10.5.2 YES NO NO

Effectiveness of theASSEMBLY for external faults

10.5.3 YES YES YES

5Incorporation of switchingdevices and components

10.6 NO NO YES

6Internal electrical circuits andconnections

10.7 NO NO YES

7Terminals for externalconductors

10.8 NO NO YES


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Summary

No. Characteristic to be verified ClausesVerification options available


8 Dielectric properties 10.9 - - -

Power-frequency withstandvoltage

10.9.2 YES NO NO

Impulse withstand voltage 10.9.3 YES NO YES

9 Temperature-rise limits 10.10 YES YES YES

10Short-circuit withstandstrength

10.11 YES YES YES

11Electromagnetic compatibility

(EMC)10.12 YES NO YES

12 Mechanical operation 10.13 YES NO NO


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Thank you for your attentionGE Ronald Borchert

Senior Engineer of Low-Voltage Test Laboratory

Telephone 0049 30 54960330

Telefax 0049 30 54960402

Mobile 0049 176 15496013

Email [email protected]

Institut "Prffeld fr elektrische Hochleistungstechnik" GmbH

Landsberger Allee 378A D-12681 Berlin, Germany

http://www.iph.de
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3.10 Manufacturer

3.10.1 Original ManufacturerOrganisation that has carried out the original design and theassociated verificaton of an ASSEMBLY in accordance with this

standard.

3.10.2 ASSEMBLY ManufacturerOrganisation taking the responsibility for the completedASSEMBLY.

Note: The ASSEMBLY manufacturer may be a different organisation to theOriginal Manufacturer.

3 Terms


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8.1.1 General

8.1.2 Protection against corrosion

8.1.3 Thermal stability

8.1.4 Resistance to ultra-violet radiation

8.1.5 Resistance of insulating materialsto heat and fire

8.1.6 Mechanical strength8.1.7 Lifting provision



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8.2.1 Protection against mechanicalimpact

8.2.2 Protection against contact with

live parts, ingress of solid foreignbodies and liquids

8.2.3 Degree of protection of removableparts

8.2 Degree of protection provided by an ASSEMBLY enclosusure


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8.3.1 General

8.3.2 Clearances

8.3.3 Creepage distances



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8.4.1 General8.4.2 Basic protection

(against direct contact with hazardous live parts by insulation,

barriers or enclosures)

8.4.3 Fault protection (Protective measures:Protective conducter, Electrical separation or Protectionby total insulation)

8.4.4 Limitation of steady state touchcurrent and charge

8.4.5 Operating and servicing conditions(Accessibility, Obstacles against unintentional bodily approach

or contact to live parts)

8.4 Protection against electric shock


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8.5.1 Fixed parts8.5.2 Removable parts8.5.3 Selection of switching devices and

components8.5.4 Installation of switching devices and

components8.5.5 Accessibility

8.5.6 Barriers8.5.7 Direction of operation and indicationof switching positions

8.5.8 Indicator lights and push-buttons



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8.6.1 Main circuits

8.6.2 Auxiliary circuits8.6.3 Bare and insulated conductors8.6.4 Selection and installation of non-

protected live conductors to reduce thepossibility of short-circuits

8.6.5 Identification of the conductors of mainand auxiliary circuits

8.6.6 Identification of the protective conductor(PE, PEN) and of the neutral conductor(N) of the main circuits



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9.1.1 General

9.1.2 Power-frequency withstand voltage9.1.3 Impulse withstand voltage

9.1.4 Protection of surge protective devices

9.1 Dielectic properties


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9.3.1 General

9.3.2 Information concerning short-circuitwithstand strength

9.3.3 Relationship between peak current andshort-time current9.3.4 Co-ordination of protective devices

9.3 Short-circuit protection and short-circuit withstand strength


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J.9.4.1 GeneralEnvironment A (non-public or industrial networks)

Environment B (public networks such as domestic comercialand light industrial locations)

J.9.4.2 Reqirement for testingNo EMC immunity or emission tests are required on finalASSEMBLIES if:

a) The incorporated Components are in compliance with therequirements for EMC for the stated environments(J.9.4.1) and

b) The internal installation and wiring is carried out in

accordance with the instructions of the devices andcomponents manufacturers

J.9.4.3 ImmunityJ.9.4.4 Emission

J.9.4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)


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Where an empty enclosure acc. to IEC 62208 isused, and it has not been modified so as to degradethe performance of the enclosure, no further testingof enclosure to 10.2 is required:

10.2.2.2 Severity test A (damp heat cycling)- metallic indoor enclosures

- external metallic parts of indoor Assemblies

- internal metallic parts of indoor and outdoor Assemblies onwhich the mechanical operation depend

10.2.2.3 Severity test B (damp-heat cyclingand salt mist)- metallic outdoor enclosures

- external metallic parts of outdoor Assemblies



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10.2.3.1 Verification of thermal stability ofenclosuresHeat ageing with dry heat at 70C during 168h (IEC 60068-2-2)

10.2.3.2 Verification of resistance of insulating

materials to normal heatHeat ageing with dry heat followed by ball-pressure test(IEC 60695-2-10)

10.2.3.3 Verification of resistance of insulatingmaterials to abnormal heat and fire

Glow-wire test (IEC 60695-2-10 und -11)



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10.2.4 Resistance to ultra-violet (UV) radiation

UV test acc. to ISO 4892-2 method A

This test applies only to enclosures and external parts ofASSEMBLIES intended to be installed outdoors and which are

made of synthetic materials or coated by them

10.2.5 Lifting

10.2.6 Mechanical impactacc. to IEC 62262



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10.2.7 Markings

Rubbing the marking by hand with a cloth soaked with petroleumspirit.

Markings made by moulding, pressing, engraving or similar areexempt from this test.



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Where an empty enclosure in accordance withIEC 62208 is used, and no external modificationhas been carried out that may result in a

detoriation of the degree of protection, no furthertesting is required.Otherwise, the degree of protection shall beverified acc. to IEC 60529.

10.3 Degree of protection of enclosures


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Minimum values determined in 8.3 in reference tothe tables 1 and 2 respectively. The measuringmethod as per description in annex F.



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10.5.2 Effective earth continuity between theexposed conductive parts of theASSEMBLY and the protective circuit(consider the internal fault)

Resistance measurement

10.5.3 Short-circuit withstand strength of theprotective circuit (consider the external fault)

E.g. test acc. to 10.11.5.6 between the terminal for the incomingprotective conducter and the terminal for each relevant outgoingprotective conductor against the nearest phase conductorterminals.

10.5 Protection against electric shock and integrity of protection

circuits


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Compliance with the design requirements of 8.5.and the performance requirements of J.9.4 forelectromagnetic compatibility shall be confirmed

by inspection and verified to the requirements tothis standard.

Non other than the (original) manufacturer isable to provide this evidence.



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Compliance with the design requirements of 8.6.shall be confirmed by inspection and verified tothe requirements to this standard.




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Compliance with the design requirements of 8.8shall be confirmed by inspection.




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10.9.2 Power-frequency withstand voltage

Test voltages acc. to tables 8 or 9 resp.

10.9.3 Impulse withstand voltage

Test voltages acc. to table 10,Alternative tests with AC oder DC are possible(10.9.3.3 or 10.9.3.4 resp.)

10.9.4 Testing of enclosures made of insulating

materialFor this additional test the voltage shall be equal to 1.5 times thevalues indicated in table 8,Metal foil laid on the outside of the enclosure



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10.10.2 Verification by testing with current

1) If the ASSEMBLY to be verified comprises a number of variants, the mostonerous arrangement(s) of the ASSEMBLY shall be selected by theOriginal Manufacturer acc. to 10.10.2.2..

2) The ASSEMBLY shall be verified by one of the following methods, determinedby the Original Manufacturer :

a) Considering individual functional units, the main and distribution busbarsand the ASSEMBLY collectively acc. to 10.10.2.3.5

b) Considering individual functional units separately and the completeASSEMBLY including the main and distribution busbars acc. to 10.10.2.3.6

c) Considering individual functional units and the main and distributionbusbars separately as well as the complete ASSEMBLY acc. to10.10.2.3.7

10.10 Verification of temperature rise


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10.11.5 Verification by test

Circuits shall be tested with the highest thermal and dynamic stresses that mayresult from short-circuit currents up to the rated values for one or more of thefollowing conditions as declared by the Original Manufacturer:

a) Not dependent upon a SCPD:

Test with Ipk und Icw for the specified duration

b) Dependent upon an incoming SCPD included within the ASSEMBLY:

Test with an incoming Icc for a period time that is limited by the incoming SCPD

c) Dependent upon an upstream SCPD:Test with the let-through values permitted by the upstream SCDP as defined by

the Original Manufacturer.



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Each type of circuit shall be subject to a short-circuit test. There are:

10.11.5.3.2: Outgoing circuits

10.11.5.3.3: Incoming circuits and main busbars

10.11.5.3.4: Connections to the supply side of outgoing units that do not fulfil

the requirements of 8.6.4 (Selection and installation of non-protected live conductors).

10.11.5.3.5: Neutral conductorThe value of the test current shall be at least 60 % of the phasecurrent during the three-phase test.

10.11.5.6 Protective circuitsEach outgoing unit on test shall be fitted with its intendedprotective device. The value of the test current shall beat least 60 % of the phase current during the three-phase test.



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J.10.12.1 Immunity tests

J.10.12.1.1 ASSEMBLIES not incorporating electronic circuits

No tests are necessary

J.10.12.1.2 ASSEMBLIES incorporating electronic circuits

Tests shall be made acc. to the relevant environment A or B. Thevalues are given in tables J.3 and/or J.4Performance criteria shall be stated by the ASSEMBLYmanufacturer based on the acceptance criteria in table J.5.



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J.10.12.2 Emission tests

J.10.12.2.1 ASSEMBLIES not incorporating electronic circuits

No tests are necessary

J.10.12.2.2 ASSEMBLIES incorporating electronic circuits

Frequencies > 9 kHz: Tests shall be made acc. to the relevant environmentA or B. The values are given in tables J.1 and/or J.2

Frequencies < 9 kHz: Compliance with the requirements ofIEC 61000-3-2 where applicable.

Performance criteria shall be stated by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer based onthe acceptance criteria in table J.5.



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This verification test shall not be made on such devices of the ASSEMBLY whichhave already been type tested according to their relevant product standard unlesstheir mechanical operation is impaired by their mounting

Testing: 200 operating cycles

At the same time, the operation of the mechanical interlocks associated with thesemovements shall be checked.

10.13 Mechanical operation

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