m pavlovic tara 2 2013

8/10/2019 M Pavlovic Tara 2 2013

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ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF LIGNOCELLULOSE COMPOSITES LOADEDWITH METAL POWDERS

M. M. Pavlovi1, R. ai2, J. Staji-Troi1, V. Bojani3, J. Stevanovi4

1University of Belgrade, ICTM-CMM, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia,

mpavlovic@tmfbgacrs!University of Belgrade, "ac#lty of Tec$nology and Metall#rgy, Belgrade, Serbia

%University of Ban&a '#(a, )grifac#lty, Ban&a '#(a, *ep#blic of Srps(a, Bi+University of Belgrade, ICTM-C+, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

T$is article is concerned .it$ synt$esis and c$aracteri/ation of electrocond#ctive

composite materials prepared by t$e compression molding of mit#res of lignocell#lose and

c$emically deposited silver po.der and electroc$emically obtained copper po.der o.ders

content .as varied from 12-!33l4 5v6v7 )nalysis of t$e most significant properties of

individ#al components and prepared composites incl#ded str#ct#ral and morp$ological analysisand meas#rements of $ardness and electrical cond#ctivity +ardness of t$e investigatedcomposites, as epected, increases .it$ t$e increase of t$e vol#me content of t$e filler T$e

significant increase of t$e electrical cond#ctivity can be observed as t$e silver content reac$es

t$e percolation t$res$old at 1!4 5v6v7 and copper content at 1134 5v6v7 In t$e investigatedrange po.ders concentration and applied press#res t$e increase of t$e electrical cond#ctivity of

composites is as m#c$ as fo#rteen orders ofmagnit#de

Keywords: Cond#cting polymer composites, silver po.der, electrol/tic copper po.der,

lignocell#lose, electrical cond#ctivity,percolation t$res$old

ELEKTRINA PROVODLJIVOST LIGNOCELULOZNIH KOMPOZITA PUNJENIHMETALNIM PRAHOVIMA

M. M. Pavlovi1, R. ai2, J. Staji-Troi1, V. Bojani3, J. Stevanovi4

1Univer/itet # Beograd#, I+TM-CMM, 11000 Beograd, Srbi&a, mpavlovic@tmfbgacrs!Univer/itet # Beograd#, Te$nolo8(o-metal#r8(i fa(#ltet, Beograd, Srbi&a

%Univer/itet # Ban&a '#ci, ol&oprivredni fa(#ltet, Ban&a '#(a, *ep#bli(a Srps(a, Bi+Univer/itet # Beograd#, I+TM-C+, 11000 Beograd, Srbi&a

Izvod

U ovom rad# &e ob&a8n&ena sinte/a i (ara(teri/aci&a ele(troprovodni$ (ompo/itni$

materi&ala pripreml&eni$ $ladnim presovan&em me8avine lignocel#lo/nog i $emi&s(i dobi&enog

srebrnog i ele(tro$emi&s(i dobi&enog ba(arnog pra$a Sadr9a& pra$ova &e variran od 12-!334

5v6v7 Ura:ena &e anali/a na&/na;a&ni$ parametara pola/ni$ (omponenata i dobi&eni$ (ompo/ita

i #(livala &e str#(t#rn# i morfolo8(# anali/#, (ao i meren&a tvrdo


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Introdut!on

Tailoring new o!"o#ite# wit$in a "er#"etive o% #taina'le (evelo"!ent i# a""lie( to!ore an( !ore !aterial#. )ologial onern# $ave re#&lte( in a renewe( intere#t in nat&ral,renewa'le re#o&re#-'a#e( an( o!"o#ta'le !aterial#, an( t$ere%ore i##&e# #&$ a# !aterial#eli!ination an( environ!ental #a%et* are 'eo!ing i!"ortant. +at&ral "ol*!er# 'a#e( on

renewa'le !aterial# wit$ a((ition o% $o#en !aterial# an 'e (iretl* e( a# onte!"orar*!aterial# '* eletro$e!ial !et$o(# in eletroni# an( !e(iine, in(tr*, a# ontaton(&tive !aterial#, eletro!agneti an( ra(iowave #$iel(#, "$oto-t$er!al o"tial reor(er#,eletroni no#e# #en#itive to ertain $e!ial#, a# well a# eono!iall* ae"ta'le atal*#t#.T$e#e "ol*!er# #$ow a large range o% "ro"ertie# an( at "re#ent, t$e* an o!"ete wit$ non-

'io(egra(a'le "ol*!er# in (i%%erent in(trial %iel(# e.g., "aaging, agri&lt&re, $*giene, an(a&to!otive in(tr*/ 01.

&e to it# $e!ial o!"o#ition an( #&"ra!ole&lar #tr&t&re, ell&lo#e i# !e$aniall*re#i#tant an( $e!iall* on#i#tent. ignoell&lo#e, a# nat&ral 'ionanoo!"o#ite, $a# "ro"ertie#t$at are o% great i!"ortane %or t$e e"loitation o% t$e $e!ial an( eletro$e!ial!o(i%iation, '&t it wa# not a !ajor #&'jet o% re#ear$ ai!e( to o'tain new !aterial# wit$

#"eial "ro"ertie# %or #"eial a""liation#. ignoell&lo#e i# t$e ter! e( to (e#ri'e t$e t$ree-(i!en#ional "ol*!eri o!"o#ite# %or!e( '* "lant# a# #tr&t&ral !aterial. 5t on#i#t# o% varia'lea!o&nt# o% ell&lo#e, $e!iell&lo#e an( lignin 02,3. ignoell&lo#i %ee(#to# are o!"o#e(

"ri!aril* o% ar'o$*(rate "ol*!er# ell&lo#e an( $e!iell&lo#e/ an( "$enoli "ol*!er#lignin/. 5t an 'e !o(i%ie( '* gra%ting reation# wit$ vin*l !ono!er#, an( t$e a((ition o% !etal

"ow(er lea(# to %or!ation o% new, !o(ern o!"o#ite !aterial# wit$ #"ei%i "ro"ertie# %or#"eial a""liation#. 5t i# a nat&ral, 'io(egra(a'le, renewa'le, rea(il* availa'le an( eono!iall*via'le nanoo!"o#ite 02-6.

Bioo!"o#ite# are o'taine( '* o!'ining 'io(egra(a'le "ol*!er# 'ot$ a# %iller# an(!atri 07. Re#ear$ in t$e %iel( o% eletroon(&tive "ol*!eri o!"o#ite !aterial# %ille( wit$!etal "ow(er# $a( a great (evelo"!ent in t$e la#t two (ea(e#. 8((ition o% !etal %iller# in t$e

"ol*!er !atri allow# t$e "re#ervation o% !e$anial "ro"ertie# o% "ol*!er# w$ile#i!&ltaneol* e"loiting t$e "ro"ertie# o% t$e eletrial on(&tivit* o% !etal# 09. :on(&tivit*o% %ille( "ol*!er# i# $ig$l* (e"en(ent on t$e nat&re o% ontat 'etween t$e ele!ent# o%on(&tive %iller# an( largel* (e"en(# on t$e vol&!e %ration o% on(&tive %iller "artile#,w$i$ i# ver* well e"laine( in "erolation t$eor* 0;-11.

e. An t$e ot$er $an(, it #ee!#to 'e t$at "artile #tr&t&re $a# t$e vital i!"ortane on a""arent (en#it* an( on t$e "ow(er?&alit*.

Sine t$e on(&tivit* o% %ille( "ol*!er# i# #trongl* (e"en(ent on t$e nat&re o% t$eontat 'etween t$e on(&tive %iller ele!ent#, t$e galvano#tatiall* "ro(&e( o""er "ow(erwa# $o#en in or(er to ena'le !ore ontat# 'etween %iller# "artile#. :o""er "ow(er "ro(&e(in t$i# !anner $a# (i#tint (en(riti !or"$olog* an( large #"ei%i area 012-14, w$i$ are

"reon(ition# %or %or!ation o% greater n&!'er o% ontat# wit$ lower vol&!e %ration o% t$e!etal %ration in o!"o#ite.

E"#$r!%$nt&'

@iven t$at one o% t$e !o#t a'&n(ant #o&re# o% lignoell&lo#e i# orn o', t$e !atrinat&ral "ol*!er e( in e"eri!ent# wa# a o!!erial gra(e lignoell&lo#e "ro(&e( '* Mai>eRe#ear$ 5n#tit&te CDe!&n PoljeC. :elgranE: %ration wa# e( 02, !ille( an( t$en #ieve(, wit$


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"artile #i>e 'elow 99 F!. ignoell&lo#e "artile# #$ow wi(er #i>e (i#tri'&tion t$an t$e #ilver"ow(er "artile#, wit$ le## &ni%or!it* an( wit$ $ig$er vol&!e %ration# o% larger "artile#. T$e!ean "artile #i>e o% lignoell&lo#e "ow(er (eter!ine( '* la#er (i%%rato!etr* $a# %ollowingval&e# (G.1/ H 16.933 F!, (G.I/ H 6G.I44 F! an( (G.;/ H 127.;G; F!.

Partile #i>e (i#tri'&tion &rve o% "ro(&e( #ilver "ow(er i# "re#ente( in e o% #ilver"ow(er (eter!ine( '* la#er (i%%rato!etr* $aving %ollowing val&e# (G.1/ H 1.2;; F!, (G.I/H 1.666 F! an( (G.;/ H 4.6GI F!.

Partile #i>e (i#tri'&tion &rve o% "ro(&e( eletrol*ti o""er "ow(er i# "re#ente( in

e o% o""er

"ow(er (eter!ine( '* la#er (i%%rato!etr* $aving %ollowing val&e# (G.1/ H 11.32; F!, (G.I/H 27.21; F! an( (G.;/ H II.G74 F!.Partile #i>e (i#tri'&tion o% e( lignoell&lo#e an( #ilver "ow(er wa# anal*#e( ing

Malvern 5n#tr&!ent# la#er (i%%rato!eter Ma#ter#i>er 2GGG wit$ t$e Siroo 2GGG !o(&le an(!or"$olog* o% !atri wa# inve#tigate( '* !ean# o% #anning eletron !iro#o"* ing aV)@8 TS I13GMM !iro#o"e Te#an/.

T$e #t&(ie( o!"o#ite# were "re"are( '* (r* !iing o% #tarting o!"onent# an(o!"ating in ta'let# wit$ (i!en#ion# >16!! 2!! &n(er "re##&re o% 2G M"a.

)letrial on(&tivit* !ea#&re!ent# o% "re"are( o!"o#ite# were arrie( o&t '* ?CU6I-c$aracteristic meas#rementso% t$e #a!"le# ing igital M&lti!eter, Mo(el 464, Si!"#on)letri :o!"an*. @eo!etr* o% t$e in#tr&!ent ontat# ring#/ e( i# #&$ t$at it !ini!i>e#

e(ge e%%et# t$ it an 'e a##&!e( t$at t$e* (o not ei#t.)letrial on(&tivit* wa# (eter!ine( aor(ing to relation 02,6


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S

l

U

I= 1/

w$ere i# eletrial on(&tivit*,I &rrent t$ro&g$ #a!"le, U "otential (i%%erene, l lengt$an( S ro##-#etion area o% t$e #a!"le.

Kar(ne## o% "re"are( o!"o#ite# wa# !ea#&re( a# S$ore val&e.

R$(u't( &nd d!(u((!on


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a/ '/

Figure 4.a7 +ardness of st#died lignocell#lose- silver po.der composites

b7 ariation of electrical cond#ctivity as a f#nction of silver po.der content


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t$e "erolation t$re#$ol(, t$e on(&tivit* o% o!"o#ite inrea#e( '* !&$ a# %o&rteen or(er# o%!agnit&(e. T$e inrea#e in t$e on(&tivit* i# $ig$er t$an #tate( '* Pinto et al. 07 an( inorelation wit$ Pavlovi et al. 02. w$i$ an 'e ontri'&te( to e o% #ilver "ow(er %iller wit$$ig$ #"ei%i area.

Con'u(!on(

5n t$i# artile, e"eri!ental #t&(* a'o&t t$e e%%et# o% $e!iall* o'taine( #ilver "ow(eran( eletro$e!iall* o'taine( o""er "ow(er ontent on t$e $ar(ne## an( eletrialon(&tivit* o% lignoell&lo#e !atri o!"o#ite# $a# 'een (e#ri'e(. T$e on(&tivit*!ea#&re!ent# #$owe( S-#$a"e( (e"en(en* wit$ "erolation tran#ition %ro! non-on(&tive toon(&tive region, t*"ial %or #&$ "ol*!er o!"o#ite !aterial#.


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13. M.@. Pavlovi, N.5. Po"ov an( ).R. Stojilovi,B#lletin of lectroc$emistry, 14 1;;9/ 21114. M.@. Pavlovi, j.J. Pavlovi, V.M. Ma#i!ovi, +.. +ioli an( N.5. Po"ov,Int

lectroc$em Sci, I 2G1G/ 1962

m pavlovic tara 2 2013

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