Mandela’s Fight Against Apartheid

第十組組員 4990Z009 林坤佑 4990Z082 陳美如 4970Z002 莊婉庭

Main Idea Of The First Paragraph

Apartheid was a system of legal racial segregation enforced by the National Party government of South Africa between 1948 and 1990.

VocabularyApartheid  ( 南非 ) 種族隔離政策 (n)- a South African system of

segregation.

Racial segregation 種族隔離 - the separation of people of

different races or skin colors.

Enforced 實施 , 執行 (vt)- To urge with energy.

Ruling 統治 , 管理 (adj)- Governing or having control;

predominant.

Discriminate 區別 , 辨別 (vt)- To distinguish; observe or mark

the differences between; differentiate.

Regulate 管理 , 控制 (vt)- To control, direct, or govern according

to a rule, principle, or system.

Urban 城市的 (adj)- Of, or pertaining to a city or town.

Main Idea Of The Second Paragraph

•Mandela was elected as a deputy president of the ANC.

Vocabularycongress 集會 , 會議 (n)- The act of coming together, meeting.

Organization 組織 (n)- An organic being or system; organism.

polite 有禮貌的 (adj)-Well-bred; refined in manner; courteous or

obliging.

approach 接近 (vt)-To move towards; come near to (in place or time).

Protesting 抗議 (vi)-To make a solemn declaration against some

public act or measure; remonstrate.

boycotts 聯合抵制 (vt)-To refuse as a group to trade or associate with

(a person or company).

civil disobedience 公民抗命 -non-violent from of protest.

Criminal 犯罪 (n)-One guilty of a grave offense against the law.

Main Idea Of The Third Paragraph

•During this period, Mandela came to the conclusion that violence was inevitable, since the government met peaceful demands with force.

Vocabulary

Violence 暴力 (n)-reat strength or energy, physical or

emotional, forcibly exerted or expressed; fury.

Inevitable 不能避免的 (adj)-Not to be evaded;

unavoidable.

Coordinate 使調和 (vt)-To put in harmony; adjust.

Sabotage 罷工 (vt)-To cause sabotage in.

Paramilitary 準軍事的 (adj)-Designating or pertaining to

a military force operating outside the regular

organized forces.

Main Idea Of The Fourth Paragraph

•In 1962, Mandela traveled abroad illegally to gather support from leaders of other countries for the anti-apartheid struggle.

VocabularyIllegally 非法 (adj)-Contrary to law; unlawful; illicit.

Equality 平等 (n)- The state of being the same in size, rank, value,

etc.; uniformity.

Maximum 最大數 (n)-The greatest number, quantity, or degree

possible.

Prisoners 囚犯 (n)- One who is confined in a jail or prison.

Status 身分 , 階級 (n)-The legal condition of a person.

Rejected 拒絕 (vt)-To refuse to take; decline.

Release 釋放 (n)-The act of setting free.

Renounce 放棄 (vt)-To give up; abandon.

Banned 禁止 (n)-An authoritative prohibition.

negotiate 磋商 , 議定 (vt)-To conclude by treaty, bargain, or

agreement.

Main Idea Of The 5th and 6th Paragraph

•After twenty-eight years in prison, Nelson Mandela was released in 1990, and finally became the president of South Africa.

VocabularyOppressors 壓迫 , 虐待 (vt)- To burden or crush y abuse of power or

authority.

hatred 憎惡 (n)-Bitter aversion; continued hostility of feeling.

Autobiography自傳 (n)-A biography, account, or character sketch of a

person written by himself.

Prejudice損害 (n)-Injury or harm as a result of hasty or unfair

judgment.

narrow-mindedness心胸狹窄的 (adj)- Without breadth of view or

opinion; intolerant; prejudiced; bigoted.

Public 屬公眾的 (adj)- Of or pertaining to the people at large.