BTBRD - BPPT

MENGAWAL MUTU BIODIESEL MELALUI PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI BIODIESEL NASIONAL Disampaikan dalam FGD B20 dan B30 dalam Rantai Distribusi di Indonesia

2 Oktober 2019

Bina Restituta Feri Karuana Ass. Team Leader

Wardah Kaddihani Data Analysis

M. Zulfikar Eka Developer

Teknik Kimia Teknik Mesin Statistik Teknik Elektro

OUR TEAM

Team Leader

LATAR BELAKANG PENELITIAN

2016 2017 2018 2019 2015

Rencana Implementasi B20

Road Test tahap 2

Sosialisasi B20

Peningkatan B10 B15

SNI 7182:2015

Implementasi B20

Problem Report dari PT KAI

Kerjasama Handling BBM KAI

Problem Report dari Alutsista dan PLN

Quality Assurance, Handling B20 & Material Assessment

Rail Test KAI 6 bulan

Identifikasi Permasalahan Teknis B20 untuk Heavy Duty Engine

Pedoman Umum Pemanfaatan Biodiesel dan B-XX (EBTKE, 2017)

Penelitian Program Sertifikasi Biodiesel Nasional (Tahun II)

Implementasi B20 pada Industri dan Pertambangan

Petunjuk Teknis Pemanfaatan B20 di Pertambangan

Sosialisasi B20 Alat Berat & Industri

Penelitian Program Serifikasi Biodiesel Nasional (Tahun I)

Penyusunan Dokumen Rancangan Akreditasi Biodiesel Nasional

Audiensi dengan pihak CAT & Komatsu

Agenda to be discussed

BQ-9000 (Amerika dan Kanada), RFS2 (Amerika), ISCC EU Certification (Eropa), AGQM (Jerman)

Mengenal Program Sertifikasi Biodiesel di Dunia 01

Sertifikasi Produsen Biodiesel 02

Who is marketer? Shipper, Blender,

Sertifikasi Marketer Biodiesel 03

Independent Laboratory / Internal Laboratory

Sertifikasi Laboratorium Uji Biodiesel 04

Mengenal Program Sertifikasi Biodiesel di Dunia

BIOFUEL SUPPLY CHAIN

Feedstock Production Produksi CPO Nasional

42 juta ton/tahun (25% converted to FAME) Biodiesel

Distribution Delivery to mixing station

Blending FAME-Solar

Penyimpanan

Distribusi ke end-users

Feedtock Logistic Harvesting, storage,

preprocessing, delivery Degradasi kualitas minyak?

Biodiesel Production RDO FAME

Proses Trans-Esterifikasi Teknologi Proses

Memenuhi spek standar Standar ≠ Kualitas

Biodiesel End-Use “Menggunakan tanpa

dibebani masalah” Kemudahan klaim garansi

kerusakan

Asosiasi, Fuel Quality Management Services (produsen end users)

Program BPAC (Biodiesel Production AGQM Certified)

Standar Mutu merujuk EN 14214

Website: www.agqm-biodiesel.de/en

AGQM (ArbeitsGemeinschft QualitätsManagement)

Program Supply Chain Management System untuk memastikan kelangsungan bahan baku dan pasar/konsumen pengguna.

ISCC EU Certification

Website: www.iscc-system.org

Program yang dikembangkan oleh Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) dengan Clean Air Act and the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan jumlah pemanfaatan energi terbarukan di Amerika untuk mengurangi polusi udara dan emisi GHG.

RFS2 lebih difokuskan untuk biodiesel sebagai campuran/pengganti bahan bakar petroleum.

Website: www.epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-program

RFS2 (Renewable Fuel Standard)

Voluntary program untuk mengawal mutu biodiesel melalui jaminan kualitas dan pelaksanaan handling biodiesel yang baik dan benar.

3 Program: BQ-9000 Produsen, BQ-9000 Marketer, BQ-9000 Laboratory

Standar Mutu merujuk ASTM D 6751

Website: www.bq-9000.org

BQ-9000

PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI BIODIESEL DI DUNIA

INDONESIA’ BIOFUEL SUPPLY CHAIN

PRODUSEN BIODIESEL

DISTRIBUTOR BIODIESEL

KONSUMEN BIODIESEL/ CAMPURAN BIODIESEL

PROs: 1) Pemanfaatan sumber dalam negeri 2) Sustainable resources 3) Extended plant of Palm refinery 4) Similar characteristics to diesel fuel 5) Government’s regulation (PERMEN ESDM

No. 12/2015)

CONs: 1) Quality depends on the technology or

modified technology 2) Quality should meet SNI 7182:2018 3) Specifications might be different of each

consumer engines benchmark should be best practices to related industries

Yang dikategorikan sebagai distributor biodiesel: 1) Transportir 2) Pencampur/blender 3) Penyimpan BBN/B20

PROs: 1) Pemanfaatan sumber dalam negeri 2) Any transportations media are possible 3) Pertamina as the biggest government-

owned company, helped by others private company

CONs: 1) Most of supplies are from Sumatera &

Jawa 2) Geographical dislocation of supply &

demand 3) Delivery capacity 4) Changing in quality during transportation 5) Consideration of government quota 6) Problems in simplification policy

Meeting Grow Demand: 1) Forecast of future demand (Indonesia’s

policy by switching B20 to B30) 2) Assessment of impact to the higher

blending (initiated by roadtest, marine test, mining test, rail test, PLN, etc)

Increasing of Blending: 1) Changing in properties 2) The infrastructure readiness 3) Quality & quantity control by government 4) Engine guarantee

AGQM®: Program Jaminan Kualitas Produk Biodiesel (di Jerman, Eropa)

Ruang Lingkup 1. Kepastian Kualitas Biodiesel memenuhi standar EN 14214

Kegiatan Akreditasi Eksisting 1) Khusus untuk parameter CFPP (cold filter plugging point), standar menyesuaikan kondisi masing-masing regional berkaitan

dengan penyumbatan filter 2) Evaluasi : sampling member (three campaign dan tanpa pemberitahuan) 3) Parameter uji : EN 14214 (dengan acceptance limit lower than EN standard) 4) Parameter kritis : kadar air, total kontaminan, CFPP 5) Parameter sumber bahan baku biodiesel : kandungan sulfur, CFPP, dan titik awan 6) Pengujian dilakukan oleh Laboratorium Terakreditasi yang ditunjuk oleh AGQM

Biodiesel Management Quality 1) Evaluasi berkala sesuai standar EN 14214 dan AGQM 2) Sertifikasi internasional BPAC (Biodiesel Production AGQM Certified), yaitu sertifikasi bagi produsen biodiesel di luar produsen

biodiesel Jerman 3) Dukungan administrasi bagi produsen, distributor dan importir memenuhi REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of

Chemicals). 4) AGQM bekerjasama dengan FAM (Fachausschuss Mineralöl und Brennstoffnormung = badan standarisasi untuk produk minyak

bumi di Jerman) mengadakan uji profisiensi (round robin test) 5) Standarisasi komite teknis, input stakeholders, dan revisi standar 6) Parameter kritis : kadar air, total kontaminan, CFPP

PROGRAM AGQM

BQ-9000 PROGRAM (1) Quality Assurance is the backbone of not just building an industry but also maintaining its existence. Biodiesel will continue to grow due to its premium properties and other benefits which have made their way into many beneficial policies and regulations. With this growth also comes great responsibility to maintain quality. In the Biodiesel industry this is accomplished through BQ-9000 and hard work at ASTM D 6751.

Biodiesel Industry’s equivalent to an ISO 9000 program for biodiesel production & distribution companies as well as testing labs

NBB implemented BQ-9000 as a means to help instill confidence in biodiesel with users and equipment companies

There are three BQ-9000 designations: • Producer (make it to spec) • Marketer (buy spec, keep it in spec, blend it right) • Certified Laboratories (test the fuel, run the tests

right) Approximately 85% of biodiesel produced in the US is

by BQ-9000 accredited companies. Many OEMs are now either requiring or strongly

encouraging BQ-9000. Organizations have seen economic advantages as

more bids are requiring the certification.

BQ-9000 PROGRAM (2)

National Biodiesel Accreditation Commission (NBAC) 1) The Commission is comprised of 12 Commissioners representing the interests of

producers, marketers, laboratories, feedstock suppliers, and consumers.

2) Commissioners are responsible for the review and approval of the audits as well as improvements and modifications of each of the program.

3) Accredited companies are audited on an annual basis. Each of the 7 auditors maintains a 3 year audit cycle rotation with each of their assigned companies.

4) The NBAC is currently Chaired by the Vice President of the Truck and Engine Manufacturers Association, Mr. Roger Gault.

THE

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PRODUSEN BIODIESEL Tugas: Memproduksi biodiesel yang memenuhi spesifikasi

dan berkualitas tinggi

Add Text PowerPoint Presentation

• Standar Mutu merujuk pada SNI 7182:2018 • Bahan Baku – Teknologi Proses – Sistem

Purifikasi – Kebijakan Kontrol Kualitas

Kualitas Biodiesel Indonesia

• Kuota suplai biodiesel nasional: 6 juta ton • Transportasi utama: kapal, truk tangki

Kemampuan Suplai Kebutuhan DN

• Rentan terhadap kenaikan kadar air • Critical parameter: angka asam, mono-

gliserida, total kontaminan, gliserol bebas • Memastikan FAME yang dikirim on specs

hingga lokasi penerimaan

Permasalahan

PRODUKSI BIODIESEL NASIONAL

Sumber: Dirjen EBTKE, 2019

State of the Art Biodiesel Production

Biodiesel Process Block Diagram

Important aspects in biodiesel production: 1. Biodiesel plant specification

Production capacity, feedstock, process route, production cost, location, product specification

2. Feedstock Supply, economic value, location

3. Production Feedstock pretreatment, process route, purification system, yield, equipment specification (pump, motor, electrical & instrument)

4. Recovery of feedstock and by-product Methanol recovery, glycerol recovery

5. Waste Management Procedure

Production technology will affect the biodiesel quality :

1. Unsuccessful reaction Out of specs in parameters: acid number, total glycerol, viscosity, distillation temperature, monoglyceride content Solution: 2-stage reactions

2. Unsuccessful purification Out of specs in parameters: Free glycerol and water content Solution: distillation of biodiesel

BQ-9000 PROGRAM Full Specs Testing All the FAME specification meets ASTM D 6751 “Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel

Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels” and ASTM D 4176 “Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)”

Yearly Testing Full specs testing or at least critical parameter (%-MeOH, water & sediment, cloud point, acid

number, total and free glycerol, sulphur, oxidation stability, visual check, and cetane number) Half-Year Testing Full specs testing or at least critical parameter (%-MeOH, water & sediment, cloud point, acid

number, total and free glycerol, sulphur, oxidation stability, and visual check) Monthly Testing Focused on parameter sodium (Na) and potassium (K) Alternative Testing Depends on the B to B schematics and agreement Commingling of Production Lot

Focused on cloud point number

TEST

ING

PA

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PRODUSEN: Kebijakan Kendali Mutu

Sistem Management Mutu Laboratorium Produsen Biodiesel (ISO 9001/ISO 14002) Beberapa parameter biodiesel akan mengalami perubahan seiring dengan pertambahan waktu penyimpan. SOLUSI: Standar Internal Sertifikat Produk: Certificate of Quality dan Certificate of Analysis

Langkah Taktis Produsen

Biodiesel ~ senyawa polar yang mampu mengikat air. Kadar air maks. 500 ppm

Kadar Air Berkaitan dengan teknologi produksi dan kesuksesan proses konversi dan purifikasi.

Gliserol (Bebas, Total, Mono-)

Berkaitan dengan bahan baku minyak yang diproduksi Kategori: gum, senyawa organik, partikulat, lumpur, asphaltines. Total kontaminan maks. 24 ppm

Total Kontaminan

Berkaitan dengan bahan baku, lokasi penyimpanan, isu layering dalam penyimpanan

Titik Awan Berkaitan dengan masa penyimpanan, untuk mencegah degradasi bahan bakar.

Stabilitas Oksidasi

Penyimpanan Biodiesel

Age

Housekeeping

Safety

Masa simpan biodiesel : 3 (tiga) bulan, kecuali tangki penyimpan dilengkapi dengan filter udara, N2 blanketing, ataupun pembubuhan sejumlah antioksidan

Lokasi simpan biodiesel : upper ground

Material tangki simpan : baja karbon, stainless steel, aluminium, baja, fluorinated PE dan PP

Storage good housekeeping practices : 1) Lakukan tank cleaning (annual treatment) 2) Pemeriksaan kebersihan tangki dan aksesoris tangki 3) Kontrol akumulasi air dalam sistem (pasta air, daily draining, low ullage, modifikasi desain tangki)

Regular treatment/testing : 1) Daily water draining 2) Monthly water content, total contaminant, oxidation stability, glycerol, visual check 3) Half year semi complete test (min. requirement: water content, total contaminant, oxidation stability, glycerol,

visual check)

MARKETER BIODIESEL Tugas: 1. Menerima dan mempertahankan kualitas FAME 2. Melakukan pencampuran FAME-Minyak Solar 3. Memastikan fasilitas pencampuran dan penyimpanan

memenuhi standar program kualitas 4. Mendistribusikan produk B-XX kepada end-users

Kegiatan Penyediaan Produk Campuran Biodiesel di Indonesia dilaksanakan oleh BU BBM.

Proses penerimaan FAME, penimbunan FAME, pencampuran FAME-minyak solar, dan pendistribusian B20/B30 dilakukan oleh BU BBM yang tergabung dalam Perkumpulan Perusahaan Pemegang Izin Niaga Umum (P3INU).

Dalam penelitian ini, kami melakukan tinjauan terhadap 2 (dua) BU BBM yang melakukan kegiatan di atas, yaitu:

(1) PT Pertamina (Persero) (2) Vopak Terminal Jakarta

PENYEDIAAN BBM NASIONAL

I. MENERIMA DAN MEMPERTAHANKAN KUALITAS FAME

II. MELAKUKAN PENCAMPURAN FAME DENGAN MINYAK SOLAR

CO

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G IN

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III. MEMASTIKAN FASILITAS BLENDING & STORING MEMENUHI STANDAR PROGRAM

Nilai densitas dari campuran minyak solar dan biodiesel pada helical static mixer

Penggunaan N2 Blanketing Pada Kapal Pengangkut Bahan Bakar

Kompatibilitas material pada pipeline dan storage penyimpanan

IV. MENDISTRIBUSIKAN BAHAN BAKAR B-20/B30 HINGGA KE END-USERS

1. Sensitif terhadap lokomotif dengan sistem komputerisasi

2. Concern: kompatibilitas injektor

KERETA API

1. Konsistensi %-FAME dalam campuran 2. Concern: SFC, beban maksimum (peaker)

PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK

1. Tuntutan standar kualitas tinggi 2. Parameter penting: kadar air, mono-

gliserida, stabilitas oksidasi, %-FAME 3. Concern: power dan SFC

OTOMOTIF

1. Perubahan kualitas biodiesel/B-XX 2. Parameter penting: kadar air, %-FAME,

cleanliness

INDUSTRI DAN PERTAMBANGAN

1. Perubahan kualitas biodiesel terhadap waktu tinggal yang lama

2. Concern : power, kompatibilitas fuel system

ALUTSISTA

END-USERS B30

LABORATORIUM UJI BIODIESEL Tugas: 1. Melakukan uji parameter biodiesel berdasarkan prosedur

acuan, misalnya ASTM/EN/SNI 2. Melakukan uji parameter B20/B30 berdasarkan prosedur

acuan

Kategori: 1. Laboratorium Independen 2. Laboratorium Milik Produsen dan Marketer

PENGALAMAN MELAKSANAKAN PENGUJIAN KUALITAS BIODIESEL/B20 DENGAN METODE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Kegiatan: 1. Kajian dan Evaluasi Teknis Penggunaan Biodiesel (B20)

di Lingkungan PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) 2. Identifikasi Permasalahan Teknis Penggunaan B20 di

Area Pertambangan: PT Kaltim Prima Coal PT Adaro Indonesia

PT K

ERET

A A

PI IN

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IA

PT K

ALT

IM P

RIM

A C

OA

L TITIK SAMPLING BAHAN BAKAR BERDASARKAN FUEL MANAGEMENT SUPPLY CHAIN

BAHAN BAKAR DI PT KPC

No Parameter Satuan Biodiesel Minyak

Solar

Campuran

Biodiesel

Pra-

Filtrasi 1

Pra-

Filtrasi 2

1 Angka asam mg KOH/g 0,301 0,215 0,193 0,184 0,151

2 Viskositas cSt 4,66 3,62 3,45 3,44 3,35

3 Densitas kg/m3 857 851 850 850 850

4 Gliserol bebas %-wt 0,015 - - - -

5 Gliserol total %-wt 0,21 - - - -

6 Monogliserida % 0,49 - - - -

7 Kadar ester %-wt 97,57 - - - -

8 Stabilitas oksidasi Menit 704 - - - -

9 Kadar FAME %-vol - 0 9,5 9,56 10,12

10 Kadar air ppm 273,16 74,34 86,99 72,97 71,07

11 Kadar sedimen %-wt nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil

PT K

ALT

IM P

RIM

A C

OA

L

Outlet

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 T-679 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Angka Asam mg KOH/g sampel 0.193 0.142 0.101 0.204 0.128 0.139 0.133 0.200 0.184 0.122 0.154 0.133 0.144 0.134 0.148 0.153 0.129 0.128 0.137 0.208

Viskositas cSt 3.45 3.45 3.45 3.47 3.44 3.47 3.44 3.44 3.44 3.48 3.45 3.45 3.45 3.045 3.45 3.47 3.45 3.45 3.44 3.44

Densitas kg/m3 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850

Gliserol Bebas %-wt - - - - - - - - - - -

Gliserol Total %-wt - - - - - - - - - - -

Monogliserida % - - - - - - - - - - -

Kadar Ester %-wt - - - - - - - - - - -

Stabilitas oksidasi menit - - - - - - - - - - -

Kadar FAME %-vol 9.50 9.27 9.65 8.93 9.17 9.22 9.32 9.42 9.56 15.9 9.50 12.10 9.25 9.35 9.48 9.68 9.57 9.78 9.20 9.48

Kadar Air ppm 86.99 56.85 49.14 65.11 68.5 67.34 70.32 70.94 72.97 69.74 57.98 75.45 86.28 77.45 78.25 78.61 65.45 77.51 67.42 65.93

Kadar Sedimen %-wt nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil nihil

Cleanliness 20/17/13 19/14/10 18/14/9 22/20/14 22/19/13 20/17/12 21/18/12 22/18/10 18/15/11 22/18/12 21/16/10 20/18/13 21/18/13 21/17/12 20/16/10 22/18/10 22/17/9 22/20/13 22/19/12 22/19/13

Keterangan

9 : After Filter Pipelines to ROM Outlet : fuel tank T-679 (mine site) 20 : Before Filter Fuel Station Melawan (THIESS)

10 : Outlet ROMFB1 15 : Before Filter Fuel Station BIMA 21 : After Filter Fuel Station Melawan (THIESS)

11 : After Filter 20 µm ROMFB1 16 : After Filter Fuel Station BIMA 22 : Fuel Truck to PAMA

12 : After Filter 6 µm ROMFB1 17 : Before Filter Fuel Station JUPITER 23 : Before Filter Fuel Station PAMA

13 : Outlet ROMFB2/3 18 : After Filter Fuel Station JUPITER 24 : After Filter Fuel Station PAMA

14 : Outlet ROMFB4 19 : Dispenser TANPA Filtrasi Fuel Station THIESS

PAMAAFTER BLENDINGPARAMETER SATUAN

AFTER PIPELINES TO ROM BIMA JUPITER THIESS

Konsumsi Heavy Duty di Site

PT A

DA

RO

IND

ON

ESIA

TITIK SAMPLING BAHAN BAKAR BERDASARKAN FUEL MANAGEMENT SUPPLY CHAIN

BAHAN BAKAR DI PT Adaro

PT A

DA

RO

IND

ON

ESIA

Thank You