modul mata radiologi
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Orbita Ruang piramid
• Os Frontalis
• Os Sphenoid ala mayor dan ala minor
• Os Zygomatikum.
• Os Maxilla
• Os Lakrimalis
• Os Ethmoid
Anatomi Tulang
![Page 3: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Anatomi Tulang
![Page 4: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Dinding inferior atau lantai terdiri atas :– Orbital plate Os Maxilla– Os Zygomatikum pada anterolateral.– Orbital plate Os palatine pada posterior
• Fissura orbitalis inferior merupakan jalan bagi – Nervus Cranialis V pars maksilaris.– A. Infraorbital.– Cabang ganglion sphenopalatina.– Cabang vena Ophtalmika inferior untuk pleksus
pterygoid.
Anatomi Tulang
![Page 5: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Anatomi Tulang
![Page 6: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Anatomi Tulang• Dinding lateral dibentuk oleh Proc
Frontalis Os Zygoma dan ala mayor Os sphenoid lateral dari for Optikum.
• Whitnall,s tuberkulum dan perlekatan ligamnetm kantalis lateral.
• Fissura orbitalis superior membatasi dari atap orbital.
![Page 7: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Anatomi Tulang
![Page 8: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Anatomi Tulang
• Dinding superior dibentuk oleh orbital plate os Frontalis dan sebagian kecil dari ala minor os Sphenoid
![Page 9: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Anatomi Tulang
• Dinding medial terdri atas – Proc frontal Os Maxilla– Os Lakrimalis.– Ala minor os Sphenoid.
• Diposterior foramen Optikum dihubungkan dengan air sel ethmoid bagian posterior
![Page 10: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Anatomi Tulang
![Page 11: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Anatomi Kompartemen
![Page 12: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Anatomi - Kompartemen
![Page 13: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Kompartemen anterior
Kompartemen posterior
• Palpebra .
• Apparatus lakrimalis
•Jaringan lunak anterior
• Ruang intrakonal
• Ruang ekstrakonal.
![Page 14: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Imaging:
•Foto polos.
•CT Scan.
•MRI
![Page 15: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Pertimbangan pemilihan pencitraan sangat tergantung pada: •Ada tidaknya sarana (terbatas/mudah di dapat).
•Cost (canggih – mahal).
•Area dan jenis jaringan yang akan diperiksa.
•SDM.
•Keterbatasan kemampuan sarana pencitraan diperlukan > 1 pencitraan.
![Page 21: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
PENDAHULUAN
Keluhan yang lazim: eksoftalmus, edem periorbital, nyeri, ggn vissus, ophthalmoplegi.
Kelainan bisa dijumpai pada: bulbus okuli, jaringan lunak dan dinding orbita.
Selain tumor dan peradangan, trauma juga sering dijumpai.
![Page 22: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Macam kelainan orbita Peradangan:
1.Selulitis.
2.Grave’s disease.
3.Pseudotumor.
![Page 24: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Selulitis orbita
CT: Area hiperdens. Pembengkakan jaringan orbita
anterior. Obliterasi lemak. Perubahan tulang. Abses subperiosteal.
![Page 25: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Graves’s disease
• Proptosis bilateral, simetris.• >>> wanita (4 : 1).• Sel sel inflamasi membengkak. - 70 % bilateral, m. ekstraokuler
membengkak simetris (belly of muscle) terutama m. rektus media dan inferior.
- infiltrasi lemak lemak retrobulber.
![Page 27: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Lesi Okular
– Tumor intraokuler maligna yang sering dijumpai pada anak anak , dengan kalsifikasi didalam tumor.
– Metastasis :• Penyebaran langsung : N. II• Hematogen.• Limfatik.
– Timbul pada dua tahun awal kehidupan. – Hanya 10 % kasus yang diturunkan dari
keterkaitan dengan autosom dominan, hasil akhir dari mutasi sporadis kromosom 13.
Retinoblastoma
![Page 31: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
– 30 % bersifat bilateral.– Pada CT ;
• tampak sebagai daerah hiperdens yang timbul pada retina.
• Kalsifikasi. • Ruptur retina sering tampak, dan cairan
subretina dapat didentifikasi pada MRI.
![Page 32: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Retinoblastoma
![Page 34: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Lesi –lesi nervus optikus
• Glioma nervus optikus
• Meningioma pembungkus nervus optikus.
![Page 36: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Glioma Optikum• Tumor primer pada N. II / pembungkus N. II.
– Meliputi apparatus optikus anterior :• N. II , ciasma optikum , traktus optikus.
– Pembesaran fusiform dan kerusakan struktur.• Tumor :
– Anak , usia 2 – 6 tahun .– Jinak , pertumbuhan lambat , tidak agresif .– dihubungkan dengan Neurofibromatosis (NF) tipe
1. – Tanpa kasifikasi
![Page 37: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
• CT :– Menilai kondisi tulang.– Mendeteksi perluasan ke kanalis optikus.
Glioma Optikum
![Page 38: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Glioma Optikum
![Page 39: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Optic nerve sheath meningiomas
• Umumnya pada usia pertengahan pada wanita.• Tampak pembesaran pembungkus N II dan kompleks
secara keseluruhan.– Biasanya mempunyai gambaran bentuk tubular – Penyangatan meningioma lebih dibandingkan dengan glioma – mempunyai ciri gambaran “ railroad track “. – Kalsifikasi dalam lesi sering pada meningioma.– Hiperostosis disekeliling kanalis optikus– Bertumbuh keluar dari pembungkus saraf menipiskan
lapisan CSF antara pembungkus dan saraf.
![Page 40: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
• CT– Melihat kalsifikasi.
Optic nerve sheath meningiomas
![Page 41: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Meningioma
![Page 43: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Trauma mekanik karena benda tumpul pada orbita:
Eksoftalmus.
Gangguan gerakan.
Hematom.
Fraktur.
![Page 45: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
CT rekonstruksi, fraktur zygoma
![Page 46: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Lefort facial fractures II/III. Pasien dengan trauma tumpul pada wajah. Tampak ecchymosis dan edem.
![Page 47: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Lefort FracturesIlustrasi garis fraktur dari: Lefort I (alveoler), Lefort II zygomatic maxillary complex, Lefort III (cranial facial dysostosis) fractures
![Page 48: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Orbital ecchymosisEcchymosis and swelling with no entrapment or eye injury
![Page 49: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Blowout fracture. Foto polos: fraktur dari dasar orbita kanan dengan teardrop sign disertai air fluid level pada sinus maksilaris (perdarahan).
![Page 50: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Inferior rectus entrapment
Pasien dengan keluhan diplopia.
![Page 51: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Blowout fracture with entrapment. CT: m. rectus yang menonjol ke dalam sinus maksilaris.
![Page 52: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Foto polos Caldwell dan Waters: menunjukkkan fraktur.
Entrapmet: CT
![Page 53: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Traumatic exophthalmosBlunt trauma: periorbital edema, ecchymosis, exophthalmos
![Page 54: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Retrobulber hematom
![Page 56: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Modul mata radiologi](https://reader035.vdocuments.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081521/58842c211a28ab39538b4567/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)