new approach to gas detection and environmental monitoring
TRANSCRIPT
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New Approach to Gas Detection and Environmental MonitoringClaudio GroppettiVP Business Development Gas Detection & Environmental Monitoring Xtralis
Kevin DeanProduct Manager Gas Detection & Environmental Monitoring Xtralis
Agenda
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Review Traditional Approaches of Fixed Gas Detection Introduce Multi-hole Aspirated Gas Detection (AGD) Technology Comparison
Codes and StandardsAGD Overview & Value Proposition Design Process for AGD AGD Sampling Configurations Applications
SummaryQuestions and Answers
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Gas Detection Approach Options3
Traditional Approaches to Gas Detection Fixed point Single line aspirated sampling Sequential aspirated sampling Open path
New Approach Multi-hole aspirated gas detection combined with very early warning smoke detection
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Fixed Point DetectorsTransmitter Contain sensor, display, alarm levels, controls, and means4
to calibrate Most common approach deployed Area protection Can be stand alone or tied into system Stand alone sensor (no display/interface) available Wide range of gases
Controller Can be connected to stand alone sensor or
Images courtesy of Crowcon Detection Instruments
transmitter Provides remote display, output and calibration capabilities
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Conventional Aspirated Gas DetectionSingle line, continuous sampling Provides same capabilities as fixed point detector5
plus Extracts samples from inaccessible or harsh environment Wide range of gases
Multi-line, sequential sampling Enables sampling of multiple areas
with a single gas detector Sequential sampling of each area is common Can be configured for continuous sampling of all lines Wide range of gases
Images courtesy of Crowcon Detection Instruments
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Open Path Gas Detection6
Consists of a transmitter and receiver
Measures along the transmitted beam Provides continuous and extended area coverage Path lengths from 15 to 300+ feet are common
Combustible gas detection most common deploymentImages courtesy of Crowcon Detection Instruments
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Multi-hole Aspirated Gas and Smoke Detection7
24/7 Active Sampling & Detection
Air actively drawn through pipe network with multiple sampling holes to the Aspirated Gas Detector then to the Aspirating Smoke DetectorProtects Plant / equipment Personnel safety Detects Toxic gases Flammable gases Oxygen deficiency Fire (Smoke) Potential for better performance Remove guess work from detector placement Greater area coverage Potential for lower total cost of ownership Lower initial install Lower long term operation
Sampling Pipe Network Aspirated Gas Detector
Aspirating Smoke Detector
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Inherent Advantages of Multi-hole Aspirated Detection Active 24/7 monitored sampling versus diffusion Ability to condition air stream Enables use in harsh environments Temperature extremes Wet High EMI Dirty Hard to access areas
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Take the guess work out of detector placement
Extends detector life
Minimize / eliminate need to run cable and conduit Mount detectors away from detection spaces Simplified installation Ease of access for testing and servicing Eliminate process / personnel disruption during servicing
Take the guess work out of detector placement Lower total cost of ownership Non-intrusive sampling to satisfy architectural or security concerns8
Technology ComparisonCharacteristic( = relative advantage | X = relative disadvantage) Able to provide unambiguous gas reading Detects wide range of combustible and toxic gases Simultaneously measure multiple points in space with a signal detector Active gas sampling, not diffusion limited Dependent upon sample transport time Deployable in extreme/harsh environments outside normal specified operating limits Eliminates or minimizes the need to run field cable and conduit Sample tubing / piping required Simplified open area system design and detector placement Does not require line of site positioning of detectors Provides the combination of gas and smoke detection in one platform Multi-Hole Aspirated Gas Detection (AGD) Conventional Fixed Spot Gas Detection Conventional Aspirated Gas Detection9
IR Open Path Gas Detection
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X X
X
X X
X
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X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
AGD delivers unique characteristics advancing the state of the art in gas detection
Gas Detection Codes and Standards10
Prescriptive Fire Alarm Codes and Standards Non Prescriptive Gas Detection Codes and Standards NFPA 720: Standard for the Installation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detection and Warning Equipment: Section 5.8.5.3.1 states that carbon monoxide detectors shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers published instructions References UL 2034 / UL 2075 for sensitivity limits
OSHA 29 CFR 1910 Occupational Safety & Health StandardsNIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
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Gas Detection Codes and Standards (cont.)11
ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists 2011 Guide to Occupational Exposure Values; ISBN 978-1-607260-29-5
UL2034/UL2075 alarm thresholds conflict with occupational
exposure limits UL 2034 alarm thresholds 30 ppm no less than 30 days
Occupational Exposure Limits
ACGIH 8 hour TWA: 25 ppm
70 ppm 60 to 240 minutes 150 ppm 10 to 50 minutes 400 ppm 4 to 15 minutes
NIOSH Ceiling: 200 ppm
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AGD Product Overview12
Plug and play factory calibrated replaceable sensor cartridges Single or dual sensor cartridges Two adjustable alarm thresholds per sensor On board relays, 4-20mA, and RS485 Modbus
Event logging (50,000 events)Calibration port Class 1 Division 2 models available Can be installed in new or existing ASD systems12 Class 1 Division 2
AGD Detection Capabilities13
All PPM gases toxic w/ exception of H2 that provides very early warning capabilities
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Value Proposition: Eliminate guess work in detector placement
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Increase sampling points provide better area coverage to detect smaller leaks Provides equivalent coverage with fewer detectors14
Value Proposition: Eliminate guess work in detector placement
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Increase sampling points provide better area coverage to detect smaller leaks Provides equivalent coverage with fewer detectors
Better detection in ventilated spaces Reduced maintenance cost with easier access15
Value Proposition: Increased coverage with fewer detectors
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Value Proposition: Increased coverage with fewer detectors
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Predicating leak location is judgment call Four (4) point detectors required for optimum protection One (1) AGD detector required17
Value Proposition: Lower Total Cost of OwnershipConventional Point Detector Solution
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Individual Smoke and gas detectors
Detector installation and wiring Detector test and maintenance
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Value Proposition: Lower Total Cost of OwnershipConventional Point Detector SolutionASD / AGD Solution
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Individual Smoke and gas detectors
Lower Initial installation costs
Detector installation and wiring Detector test and maintenance
Operating and maintenance costs
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Value Proposition: Increased system design flexibility
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Gas
Multiple sampling points can provide higher sampling density per unit area detect smaller leaks
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Value Proposition: Increased system design flexibility
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Gas
Multiple sampling points can provide higher sampling density per unit area detect smaller leaks
Gas
Multiple sampling points can be leveraged to cover greater area with fewer detectors lower total cost of ownership
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Value Proposition: Increased system design flexibility
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Adjust thresholds to compensate for potential dilutionSampling Points Gas 1 2 3 Low Alarm Threshold 25% LEL 25 13 9 7 5 High Alarm Threshold 50% LEL 50 25 17 12 10
Multiple sampling points can provide higher sampling density per unit area detect smaller leaks
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Gas
Multiple sampling points can be leveraged to cover greater area with fewer detectors lower total cost of ownership
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3 Stage System Design ProcessStage 1: Design ASD system to meet local fire regulations Validate sample pipe work using the ASD design software for smoke transport times and sample flow balance23
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3 Stage System Design ProcessStage 1: Design ASD system to meet local fire regulations Validate sample pipe work using the ASD design software for smoke transport times and sample flow balance Stage 2: Design AGD system to meet gas detection requirements Identify the gas hazards Define the monitoring objective Determine suitable sample pipe and hole layout Determine alarm annunciation requirements24
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3 Stage System Design ProcessStage 1: Design ASD system to meet local fire regulations Validate sample pipe work using the ASD design software for smoke transport times and sample flow balance Stage 2: Design AGD system to meet gas detection requirements Identify the gas hazards Define the monitoring objective Determine suitable sample pipe and hole layout Determine alarm annunciation requirements Stage 3: Modify ASD system design as required Finalize system component mounting and location Re-validate combined smoke and gas system Obtain acceptance from all stakeholders25
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Stage 2: Understanding Gases and Application26
Flammable
1 Is Target Gas Flammable or Toxic
Toxic
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Stage 2: Understanding Gases and Application27
Flammable
1 Is Target Gas Flammable or Toxic
Toxic
2 Is Target Gas Lighter / Heavier than air? Lighter Heavier Lighter
2 Is Target Gas Lighter / Heavier than air? Heavier
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Stage 2: Understanding Gases and Application28
Flammable
1 Is Target Gas Flammable or Toxic
Toxic
2 Is Target Gas Lighter / Heavier than air? Lighter Heavier Lighter
2 Is Target Gas Lighter / Heavier than air? Heavier
3 Is objective Area/Object or Vent Grill monitoring?
3 Is objective Area/Object or Vent Grill monitoring?
3 Is Area Occupied or Unoccupied?
3 Is Area Occupied or Unoccupied?
A
O
VG
A
O
VG
Occupied
Unoccupied
Occupied
Unoccupied
4 Area Monitoring: Protecting a space bounded by walls, floor or ceiling 5 Object Monitoring: Detecting a gas release in close proximity to a process or piece of equipment 6 Ventilation Grill Monitoring: Detecting a gas at an inlet or exhaust of an area due to air flow within the space
4 Occupied Area: Predominately occupied during normal work hours where sampling points should be placed within the normal breathing zone. 5 Unoccupied Area: Area that is NOT normally occupied during normal work hours.
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Detection Objectives: Area, Object, Ventilation Grill
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Area
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Detection Objectives: Area, Object, Ventilation Grill
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Area
Object Plan view
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Detection Objectives: Area, Object, Ventilation Grill
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Area
V E N T
Object Plan view
Ventilation Grill
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Detection Objectives: Occupied vs Unoccupied Areas
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Breathing Zone
OccupiedSample in breathing zone
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Detection Objectives: Occupied vs Unoccupied Areas
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A G D
Lighter than Air
Breathing Zone
ASD
A G D
Heavier than Air
OccupiedSample in breathing zone
UnoccupiedSample based on specific gravity of gas / ventilation
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Deployment Flexibility34 Aspirated Gas Detector
A: Single Point Detection B: Zone Detection C: Total Area Detection D: Zone w/ Multiple Detectors
Aspirating Smoke Detector
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Sample Pipe Layout Options: Rectangular Area35
ASD
AGD
ASD
AGD AGD
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Sample Pipe Layout Options: Corridors, Tunnels & Voids
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ASD
AGD
ASD
AGD AGD
AGD
ASD
AGD
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Sample Pipe Layout Options: Irregular Shaped AreasASDAGD
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ASD
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Applications Natural Gas & LPG Hazards
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Utility tunnels Oxygen, methane
Gas fired turbines Natural gas (methane)
Gas fired furnaces Natural gas, propane, carbon monoxide
Gas metering rooms Natural gas, oxygen
Laboratories Natural gas, toxics, carbon dioxide
Commercial kitchens Natural gas
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Applications Natural Gas & LPG Hazards
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Battery rooms & fork lift truck charging racks Hydrogen Methane, oxygen & carbon monoxide Natural gas Methane & hydrogen sulfide Oxygen Gasoline vapor & carbon monoxide Methane, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and chlorine39
Steel and aluminium mills Cable / utility tunnels
Engine test cells
Water & wastewater treatment
Applications Natural Gas & LPG Hazards
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Carbon dioxide and oxygen
Cold storage & refrigeration Ammonia
Road tunnels & loading bays Carbon monoxide & nitrogen dioxide
Waste handling facilities Methane, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen
Agriculture Ammonia, methane, hydrogen sulfide
Wood pellet storage Carbon monoxide & oxygen
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Steel Mill Project - Electric Reheat Furnace41
$140 $120
Install Costs x $1,000
$100 $80 Labor $60 $40 $20 $0 Conventional ASD/AGD Material
300 ft tunnel below furnace
Initial solution considered 25 fixed point oxygen detectors
Installation cost x $1,000
Conventional ASD/AGD SavingsMaterial Labor Total $75 $50 $125 $29 $26 $55 61% 48% 56%
Final solution selected Gas plus supplemental fire detection 2 ASD 8 AGD zones (32 sampling points)
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Multi-hole Aspirated Gas Detection42
Reduces the guess work in gas detector placement
Sample an area, not a point in space Better area coverage More tolerant of changing environmental conditions (i.e. air flow)
Potentially lowers initial equipment costs
ASD plus Gas Easy to install to ASD Little to no cabling Fewer detectors possible
Potentially lowers operating & maintenance costs
Easy access to ASD and AGDLess test and calibration gas and labor Fewer detectors to maintain and replace
Advances the State-of-the Art in Gas Detection42
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Questions?
Claudio Groppetti [email protected] Office: (952) 443-0164 Kevin Dean [email protected]
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