newk-ar我ges倉囎the:l蹴聖我ngb麗謝,欝賄he … survey division,department of...

7
Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan,vo1.38(1),p.13-20,1987 550.93552.323550.361(593-1 NewK-Ar我ges倉囎the:L蹴聖我ngb麗謝,欝賄he膿丁恥ai且騰 Masakatsu SAsADA*,Benjavun RATANAsTHIEN** and Praphat SoPoNPoNGPIPAT*** SAsADA,M.,RATANAsrHIEN,B.and SoPoNPoNGPIPAT,P.(1987) Ne the Lampang bas窺1t,northem Thailand.B%Jl.Gθo’.S%7∂.∫のαn,voL38( Ab謝act=Two s縦mples of the Lampang basalts were collected fr Moh basin,northe燃Thailand.They are aphyric basalts consisti vine,clinopyroxene,叩aque minerals,and interstitial glass. basanite composition.Their K-Ar ages may give the lower limit because of the Ar loss due to the hydration.But one of the ages, sumably not greatly deviated from the formation age.This indi basalt is one of the youngest igneous activity in Southeast Asia。I high heat potential in the crust or the upper mantle under the n land. 且. 亘ntroductio聾 2。 Loea且亘ty&醜{温oce既rre恥e¢ Late Cenozoic basalts are wi(1ely distributed in Southeast Asia(Fig,1),’and occur locally in northem Tailand.Many hot springs also occur in no丘hem Thailand (e,g.BARR et al., 1979), but the surface distribution of the basaltic rocks is not correlative with the hot springs.Neve姓heless,the basalts.are the only known evidence of recent igneous activi- ty. This paper presents K-Ar ages of two samples from the Lampang basalt,collected from the southem Mae Moh Basin,northem Thailand(Fig.2).TheauthorsthankDr.S.M. BARR,Acadia University,Canada for critical reading of the manuscript,and Mr.K.Uto, Geological SurveyofJapan for helpful sugges- tion.Theyalsothank Messrs.K.TuRALTAM- KuL,V.PAIJITPRAPAPAN an(1C.CHAPHYEN, Department of Mineral Resources Thailand for their aid in昼eld菖tu(1ies. *Geothermal Research Department,Geological Survey of Japan,Tsukuba,Ibaraki305,Japan **Department of Geological Sciences,Chiang Mai University,Chiang Mai,Thailand. ***Geological Survey Division,Department of Mineral Resources,Bangkok10400,Thailand, The Lampang basalt underlies t part of the Mae Moh Basin(Fig.2). sists of several flows and locall (1ebris associated with vents MAcDoNALD,1981). One of the (82ZO401)for the present study wa from a pillow basalt cropping ou railroad cutting at 18。15!30”N an(i9 E.The pillows range from O.5t ra(1ius (Plate I-1) and display radi and concentric zones of vesi margins.Inter-pillow breccia is a The other sample(82ZO402)was c a massive basalt How overlying posits(Plate I-2)at18。07!32”N and E. 3. Sam欝且e岨escr亘昼》t亘o聡 The texture of basalt82ZO40 and hypocrystalline. Principa are plagioclase, 01ivine and c Eresh glass occurs interstitially is.of.andesine composition,an euhedral prismatic crystals long.Dendritic growth is typica at contacts with glass(Fig.3).01i 一13一

Upload: dinhthu

Post on 07-Apr-2018

228 views

Category:

Documents


5 download

TRANSCRIPT

Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan,vo1.38(1),p.13-20,1987 550.93552.323550.361(593-17)

NewK-Ar我ges倉囎the:L蹴聖我ngb麗謝,欝賄he膿丁恥ai且騰d

Masakatsu SAsADA*,Benjavun RATANAsTHIEN**

and Praphat SoPoNPoNGPIPAT***

SAsADA,M.,RATANAsrHIEN,B.and SoPoNPoNGPIPAT,P.(1987) New K-Ar ages from    the Lampang bas窺1t,northem Thailand.B%Jl.Gθo’.S%7∂.∫のαn,voL38(1),p.13-20.

Ab謝act=Two s縦mples of the Lampang basalts were collected from the southem Mae

Moh basin,northe燃Thailand.They are aphyric basalts consisting of plagioclase,01i-

vine,clinopyroxene,叩aque minerals,and interstitial glass.Chemically both are of

basanite composition.Their K-Ar ages may give the lower limit of the formation age,

because of the Ar loss due to the hydration.But one of the ages,0.6±0,2Ma,is pre・

sumably not greatly deviated from the formation age.This indicates that the Lampang

basalt is one of the youngest igneous activity in Southeast Asia。It may be indicative of

high heat potential in the crust or the upper mantle under the northem part of Thai-

land.

且. 亘ntroductio聾 2。 Loea且亘ty&醜{温oce既rre恥e¢

 Late Cenozoic basalts are wi(1ely distributed

in Southeast Asia(Fig,1),’and occur locally

in northem Tailand.Many hot springs alsooccur in no丘hem Thailand (e,g.BARR et al.,

1979), but the surface distribution of the

basaltic rocks is not correlative with the hot

springs.Neve姓heless,the basalts.are theonly known evidence of recent igneous activi-

ty.

 This paper presents K-Ar ages of two

samples from the Lampang basalt,collected

from the southem Mae Moh Basin,northem

Thailand(Fig.2).TheauthorsthankDr.S.M.

BARR,Acadia University,Canada for critical

reading of the manuscript,and Mr.K.Uto,

Geological SurveyofJapan for helpful sugges-

tion.Theyalsothank Messrs.K.TuRALTAM-KuL,V.PAIJITPRAPAPAN an(1C.CHAPHYEN,Department of Mineral Resources Thailandfor their aid in昼eld菖tu(1ies.

 *Geothermal Research Department,Geological  Survey of Japan,Tsukuba,Ibaraki305,Japan

**Department of Geological Sciences,Chiang  Mai University,Chiang Mai,Thailand.

***Geological Survey Division,Department of

  Mineral Resources,Bangkok10400,Thailand,

 The Lampang basalt underlies the southern

part of the Mae Moh Basin(Fig.2).It con-

sists of several flows and locally pyroclastic

(1ebris associated with vents (BARR,and

MAcDoNALD,1981). One of the samples(82ZO401)for the present study was collected

from a pillow basalt cropping out along the

railroad cutting at 18。15!30”N an(i99。39!00!!

E.The pillows range from O.5to l m in

ra(1ius (Plate I-1) and display radial cracks

and concentric zones of vesicles at themargins.Inter-pillow breccia is also present.

The other sample(82ZO402)was collected from

a massive basalt How overlying gravel de-

posits(Plate I-2)at18。07!32”N and99。37!52”E.

3. Sam欝且e岨escr亘昼》t亘o聡

 The texture of basalt82ZO401is aphyricand hypocrystalline.  Principal constituents

are plagioclase, 01ivine and clinopyroxene.

Eresh glass occurs interstitially. Plagioclase

is.of.andesine composition,and occurs aseuhedral prismatic crystals up to O.5mm

long.Dendritic growth is typically present

at contacts with glass(Fig.3).01ivine occurs

一13一

碗1伽・プ渉h6G・・」・92・α」S%遡・勲卿,7・」・38・N・・1

q O

〆ず 風爺d議錨盆醐 Sea

O

 ㌔匙

   る

◎o

                        も                      00

   ノ!辱、・

戸馨轡s・電

\     θr    、 、

  ㌧ 礪肌鮒髄 \・                   \

♂’穐.㍗〃、皇..畢麟\\ ㈱

繍◆一’一~

“~   &、.  蕊¢o \      1.  。 \     伊 D              ”    ./1       {

 “ /

。〆       0 0      8

o

!   噺つ

    レ・、F

G

    ゆ  ∂ o  亀

嚢職鑑

   の§。Oも  o

D8

O

4⑪⑪㎞

一一一一

1翻o匪

2⑰o閥

且⑪o

980

Fig.1 Distribution of Late Cenozoic basalts in Southeast Asia after Geologic

  Map ofAsia and the FarEast(ECAFE,1971)。

LGmpong   O

                  MqeMohiiiii妻…::

                    Bqsip

                v  y           〉 〉 〉  V  〉 V            ヤノ       レ              〉0〉〉〉

國×

Legend

Bosq I t (Lαte Cenozolc)

TertiQry sedimentGryond AIluvium

Mesozoic sedimentαryvolcqnic rocks

Sαmple locαlity

rocks

ond

Fig。2 Distribution of the Lampang basalt and sample localities.

Geology is based on the geological map of northem Tailand,scale1:500,000compiled by Geolo・

gical Survey Division,Department of Mineral Resources of Tailan(1(1982).

一14一

K一ル卿s〃o郷Lα卿伽9δαsα1!(sαsα4副α」。)

Fig.

麟3 Photomicrograph of sample82ZO401.Dendritic growth is observed on the surface of plagioclase,

  Abbreviations=P:p1αgioclase,O:olivine,G:glass,Scale:0.1mm,plane polahzed light.

氣冨5十

N帽認

    働○      阯甑監l   O⑲   O                        1’      ○                  /    ○                /O               /

                /                  醐蝋肌闘圃鵬              /         !            /           !                      1          /        /         /          1                 /       /       !     /        /

1 1 1!

! 一開OLEll-IC

petrographica11y similar to82ZO401exceptthat some silicate an(10paque minerals have

lattice4ike dendritic forms.

  Chemical analyses and CIPW nomative

mineralogies are given in Table1.Both

samples contain normative nepheline.Theyare classified as basanite(YoDER andTILLEY,

1962),and are chemically similar to several

previously analy・zed samples of Lampangbasalt(BARR and MAcDoNALD,1978)(Fig,4).

4.K-Ar ages

Fig.

    45    50    55    60                          Sio2

4 Total alkalis,plotted against SiO2for the

  Lampang basalt.Open circles are present

  data,and solid circles are the data from

  BARR and MAcDoNALD (1978,1981).  Dashed lines represent boundaries of  Japlanese basalt types(KuNo,1966).

as euhedral to subhedral crys惚1s up to O.5

mm in size. It locally contains minute o-

pa(lue minerals and glass inclusions. Clino・

pyroxene forms prismatic crystals up to O。05

mm in len齢h.Scattered vesicles are lined

by carbonate minerals.Sample82ZO402is

 Whole-rock K-Ar ages of samples82ZO401

and82ZO402were determined by TeledyneIsotopes,and yielded ages of O.8±0.3Ma and

O。6±0.2Ma,respectively(Table2).Previous

K-Ar age determinations of samples from the

Lampang basalt gave ages less than O.2Ma,

but those data are not reliable because of

argon loss(BARR et a1.,1976). The present

samples are apparently fresh,but they havebeen somewhat affected by alteration,judg』

ing from H20(十)contents(Table1).Ob-

sidi&n with H20(十)contents higher than l wt

%has probably been affected by ra(liogenic

Ar loss(KANEoKA,1971),and hydration of

glass in the Lampang basalt samples pre-

sumably also affects the K-Ar ages,especially

一15一

「 l

E

Table1

β%〃6渉」妬oプ泌ho OooJo9廊αl S%7z/6ツoプ74ρα%,Vrol.38,ノ〉lo。1

Chemic&komposit沁鷺鋤雛qPWnorms魚r thεLa顯欝綿懸搬総焦Sample蕪were an泌y欝縫糎癒総Tokyo(沁畿1猷nd.M絵鷺夏鳩嵐1獄気無撫讐繊<〉欝y。

Table2K-Ar&蓼es o{the Lampang basalt

愚m獄驚 K   船A罫r総「 Atm40Ar Age,No敷 儲〉(1韮0一%礁ヂ鉛P/9) (%)  (Ma)

Sample No. 82ZO401 82漁402

Sio2

Tio2

Al203

Fe203

FeO

MnOMgOCaONa20K20P205

H20(+)

H2α一)

CO2

47.31

2.焉

置7。2$

1.75

馨.47

0.17

6.77

7.58

3,74

3.04

0.78

2.37

0.34

0.08

46,70

2.41

墨7.儀8

2、39

窃.n

o.!8

7.04

7.78

4.02

3,23

0.83

1.17

0.28

0.37

82ZO40!鷺,69

      鴛,7{)

82ZO402 2.74

      2.76

0.008

0、009

0.007

0.007

7.9

8.5

10.1

10.3

0.8±0.3

0.6±0.2

Theconstantsforag礁む翫塞憾麓緬鎚areえβ=4.96×10-10yr-1,

λεニ0.581×10舳loyガi翫瓢豊蝋=・1.167x10-4

atomperatomofnatur急麺醜総腕m.

Tota1 99。83 99.69

or

ab

an

ne

ぎ」・・

蓋、mt

i1

ap

18.53

20.02

22.06

6.68

4.81

3.14

1.34

9.98

4.70

2.62

4.21

1.91

19.50

16.02

19.71

10.13

5.93

4.13

1.32

9。65

3.40

3.53

4.68

2.00

1旦ow,鋤d some煮(》w欝癖vα!le the gravel de一

茎x欝量t欝 α)鷺t撫業捻量難慧  鷺縦烈y  P菰1eolithic pebble

数雌欝(i3AR蕪繊操.,19お)、The K-Ar age of

泌撒ple82Z艇(/2,鴛o搬撫now overlying grave1

畿登osits,重鷺《)難蚤謝蹴with the paleomagnetic

and archeological evi(1ence.

 Late Cenozoic basaltic activity began about

13Ma ago in Southeast Asia,and some

basalts appear to be younger than3.5Ma

(BARR and MAcDoNALD,1981).The presentage determination indicates that the Lam-

pang basalt is one of the youngest in South-

east Asia.

5。  亘朧夢且量cat藍o亙亘

Total 100.00 100,00

Abbreviations for normative minerals;

or:orthoclase,

ne:nepheline,

en:enstaもite,

di:diopside,

mt:magnetite,

&b:albite,     an:anorthite,

WO:WOllaStOnite,fs:ferrOS皿iもe,

fo:forsterite,  fa:fayalite,

iL ilmenite,  ap:apatite.

of the pillow basalt with H20(十)content of

2.37%. Hence both samples may give a

minimum age of crystallization.However,the H20(十)of sample82ZO402is only slightly

over l wt%and hence the deviation from the

crystallization age is presunlably nOt great.

  Most Hows of the Lampang basalt show

normal magnetic polarity,except the lower

  Although the hot spring distribution dose

not correlate with the basalt,some of the

high heat flow anomalies appear to be cor・

relative with the basaltic activity.High heat

now(more than2.O HFU)has been measured

around Phrae(THIENPRAsERT and RAKsASKUL-

woNG,1984),where the Lampang and DenChai basalts are distributed.The age of the

latter basa至t is5.64Ma(BARR and MAcDo-

NALD,1981).Atthe westem marginofKhorat

plateauaNNE-tren(1inghigh heatflowanoma-1y also occurs(THIENPRAsERT and RAKsAsKuL-

woNG,1984),and basaltic rocks are distrib-

ute(i at Khok Samrong on the south of the

anomaly.The age of one of the basaltic

rocks is11.29Ma(BARR and MAcDoNALD,1982).

 In continental regions, Cenozoic basalts

are typically associated with high heat fiow

anomalies.For example,at Urach ge6ther-

mal Held,West Gemany(HAENEL,1976;MAussNEsT,1982),a high temperature anoma一

一16一

K一ルα96s戸o〃3加吻砺9δαs読(Sαsαの6砲」.)

1yislocatedatthe centerofa number ofnephe-

linite pipes whose K-Ar ages are30-11Ma

(LIPPoLT et a1.,1973).The Cenozoic basalts

are also regionally associated with high heat

How anomalies in the Basin and Range in

North America(LEEMAN and RoGERs,1970)

and in eastem  Australia (SAAs, 19641

MoRGAN,1968).This is considered to be due

to thermally anomalous upper mantle and

lower crust (LEEMAN and RoGERs, 1970;

HAENEL1982). Although the deep crystal

stmcture in northem Thailand is not known,

the presence of late Cenozoic basalt including

the Lampang basalt,is probably indicative of

high heat potential in the crust or the upPer

mantle under the northern part of Thailand.

Re貫ere恥ces

BARR,S,M.,MAcDoNALD,A.S.,HAILE,N.S.and

      REYNoLDs,P。H,(1976)Paleomagnetism

      and age of the Lampang basalt(northem

      Thailand) and age of the underlying

      pebble tools.ノloz6名 G601.Soo.Thα〃ごzπ4,vol.

      2,p.1-10。

and          (1978)

petrogenesis of late

basalts of Thailand。

Bz6〃.,vo1.10,P.25-52.

an(玉 一 (1981)

Geochemistry and Cenozoic  alkaline

OooJ.Soo。ルfα勿吻

Geochemistry and      geochronology of late Cenozoic basalts of

      Southeast Asia.Oooム Soo.z4郷θ吻召B%〃.,

      pt I, vo1.92, P.508-512 and pt II of the

      Bull.voL92,p.10694142,

      ,RATANAsATHIEN,B.,BREEN,D.,RAMING-

      woNG,T.and SERTsRlvANIT,S.(1979) Hot

      springs and geothermal gradients in

      northern Thailand. G60渉h6鰯zづos, voL86,

      p.85-95.

ECAFE(1971) Geological map of Asia and Far East,

       scale1:5,000,000.Paris,ECAFE.

Geological Survey Division(1982)Geological map

      of northem Thailand,scale 1:500,000.

      Dept.Mineral Resources of Thailand.

HAENEL,R.(1976)Mδglichkeiten der Nutzung

      Geothermischer Energie in der Bundesre-

      publik Deutschland.Report,MLfB Han-

      nover,Achive No.70409.

       ed.(1982)The Urach geothermla project、

      Schweizerbartysche Verlagsbuchhandlung,

      Stuttgart.41g P.

KANEoKA,1.(1971) The effect of hydration on the

       KIAr ages of volcanic rocks,Eα7∫h PJ伽θ’.

       Soz’.,乙6甜.,vol.14,P.216-220.

KuNo,H.(1966)Lateral variation of basalt magma

      type across continental margins and is-

      land arcs。 B%〃。 1VoJoα%oZ., vol.92, P.1069-

      1142.

LEEMAN,W.P.and RoGERs,J.」.W.(1970)Late      Cenozoic alkaliっlivine basalts of the Basin・

      Range Province. US∠4. Co窺名 M初6名αよ

      Po蕗oJ.,vol.25,P.1-24.

LIPPLoT,H.J.,ToDT,W.and BARANYI,1.(1973).K-

      Ar ages of basaltic rocks from the Urach

      volcanic district,SW Germany.Foガsoh7。

      ルf勿z67.vo1.50,Beih3,p.101-102.

MAussENEsr,0.(1982)The volcanic phenomena

      in the Urach・・region,in the Urach Geo・

      thermal Project.ed.by Haenel,R.,Schwei・

      zerbart,sch Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stutt・

      gart,p.157-160。

MoRGAN,W.R.(1968)The geology and petrology

      of Cenozoic basaltic rocks in the Cooktown

      Area,No抗h Queensland.10%7.OooJ.Soo.

      .4z6s渉7α」宛,vol.15,P.65-78.

SAAs,J.H.(1964) Heat fiow values from eastern

       Australia.10%7.Gθo望)hys.Rθs.,vol.69,p.

       3889-3893.

THIENPRAsERT,A.and RAKsAsKuLwoNG,M.(1984)

      Heat flow in no丘hern Thailand.T60オo%o・

      ρhツsz。os,vo1.103,P.217-233。

YoDER,H.S.Jr.and TILLEY,C.E.(1962) Origin of

       basaltic magmas:An experimental study

       of natura王and synthetic rocks systems.

       ノひ%γ.Pε≠影o♂.,vo1.3,P.342-532.

一17一

B%IZ・枷oβhθσ60Jo9勿αJS%彫ッ・μ吻%,70乙38,N・・1

タイ北部ランパン玄武岩の新しいK-Ar年代値

笹田政克・B・ラタナスティエン・P・ソポンポングピパト

                   要  旨

 メモ盆地南部から採取したランパン玄武岩2試料にっき,化学分析を行うとともにK-Ar年代を求め

た.これらはともに斜長石,かんらん石,単斜輝石,不透明鉱物及び間隙充填状のガラスからなる無

斑晶質のペイサナィトである.これらは0.8±0.3Ma,0.6±0.2MaのK-Ar年代を示すが,ガラスの

水和によるArの散逸が考えられるので,厳密にはこれらの年代は形成年代の下限を与えているといえ

る。しかし後者では岩石中の水の含有量が少ないので,形成年代から大きな隔りはないものと考えられ

る.ランパン玄武岩は東南アジァの大陸地域における最も若い火成活動の1っであるといえる.この若

いアルカリ玄武岩の噴出がみられるタイ北部では,地殻及び上部マントルの熱的ポテンシャルは高いか

もしれない.

(受付:1986年7月10日1受理:1986年10月27目)

一18一

β認Oool.翫7”.1砂㈱,γoJ.38,No,1 PJ諺θ1

1 0utcrop of pillow basalt(sample82ZO401)in the southern Mae Moh Basin、

懸麗

臨鯛蝋

蝋鯛繍

2 0utcrop of basalt(sample82ZO402)overlying the gravel deposit in the southem Mae Moh Basin。