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Development ansd Evaluation of Medicinal Products Master Degree, 2012-2013
Nonclinical Guideline
Tuesday 23 October 2012 Claude Bernard University, Lyon – France
Laennec, Room 106
Rolf Bass, FFPM (Hon)
Apl. Prof. Pharmacol. and Toxicol., Charité, Univ. Hospital Berlin Visiting Prof. Pharmaceutical Medicine, Univ. Basel
NONCLINICAL GUIDELINE (S)
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Regulation
Guidelines
Decision
EU-Member States
to be transposed into national law
Addressed to whom? Effect?
all “persons” of the EU
directly binding - “breaks” national law
single “person(s)“ (MAH, EU-MS, .. )
interested “persons” (MAH, ...)
provision of guidance (“soft-law“)
directly binding - case by case
- “breaks” national law
Directive
Drug Regulation in the EU
MAH: Marketing Authorisation Holder
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Pharmaceutical Legislation • The testing Council Directive 75/318/EEC
(20-05-1975 as amended) (now: moved to Dir 2001/83/EC: Annex) Introduction of „Standards and protocols“ for the performance of tests and trials: protection of public health and facilitation of „Free movement of goods“ within the EU
• Adoption of „Uniform rules“ applicable to tests and trials and their assessment will provide same chances for all companies
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Pharmaceutical Legislation
• Nota bene: The relevant EU Legislation is now set out in Directive 2001/83/EC as amended by Commission Directive 2003/63/EC, thus incorporating the updated ANNEX I (previously Annex I to Directive 75/318/EC) on the „Testing of medicinal products“ (as set forth in Art. 8(§)(i) of this Directive):
• Q, S, E Standards and Protocols in respect of the testing of medicinal products for humans
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Pharmaceutical Legislation
• Nota bene: Commission Dir 2003/63/EC sets the requirements (among others) for the CTD, GLP, and the „Non-clinical Details“ according to the agreed CTD Standards and Formats: • Summaries (ex-Expert Reports): „Non-clinical
Overview“ • Summaries of studies/data: „Tabulated Study
Reports“ • Reports:
• „slot your study here“ • the test on xyz must show …, … the xyz test means …
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• All current Regulatory Procedures evolved from national procedures and rely on involvement of
National Competent Authorities and their (internal and/or external) Experts
• Regulatory handling, scientific assessment and regulatory decisions may be performed or handled by
the same or different (legal) entities (Authorities)
• All Procedures remain under the responsibility of the sponsor / company, and under the control of the
Competent Authority
Regulatory Procedures
7
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• Competent Authorities are: • EMA (reg/scientific) plus Eur. Com. (reg decisions)
• Competent Authorities of the Member States (scientific/reg) • Each Member State has one or more such Authority
• Decisions may need to be taken by the relevant Ministry of that Member State
• e.g. BfArM and PEI for human medicines in Germany
• They are competent to assess and decide
Regulatory Procedures
8
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EMA National Competent Authorities
• EU - Network • of European Experts
• For the authorisation of medicinal products
• For pharmacovigilance European Risk Management Strategy
• For GXP and other quality related inspections and surveillance
Regulatory Procedures
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Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3 D-53175 Bonn Tel.: +49 (0)228 207-30
http://www.bfarm.de
Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (PEI)
Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 51 – 59 D-63225 Langen Tel: +49-(0)6103 770 http://www.pei.de
Competent Authorities in Germany
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Marketing Authorisation (MA) in the EU
Centralised Procedure
Mutual Recognition Procedure, and
Decentralised Procedure
One
Pan- European MA
MA in more than one EU- Member State
MA in just one EU- Member State
National procedure
Regulatory Procedures
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Marketing Authorisation Time Table
Day 1
Clock stop
Day 120
Clock start
• Day 121
• Commission triggers Decision Making Process – for EU-MA
• National approval by Member States
Day 210 EU /
National Approval
in 210 days
• Questions Answers Responses
Regulatory Procedures
Applicant submits Dossier
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Centralised Procedure: Mandatory • biotechnological medicinal products, … • orphan medicinal products • new active substances for which the therapeutic indication is the
treatment of: – diabetes – cancer – acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV) – neurodegenerative disorder (Alzheimer, …) – auto-immune diseases and other immune dysfunctions – viral diseases – other extensions to be approved by the Council upon proposal from
the EC
Regulatory Procedures: Scope
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Centralised Procedure: Optional • (any) new active substance • innovative medicinal products • Products in the interest of patients at Community level
– Pandemic – Generic medicinal products of nationally authorised reference
medicinal products – OTC medicinal products – …
• generic medicinal products of reference medicinal products authorised by the CP
Any other product / substance • Decentralised, Mutual Recognition, National, Herbal
Regulatory Procedures: Scope
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Clock Stop
Post Authorisation
0 121 120 210 330 : DAY
Scheme of Centralised Procedure
Phase 1 Phase 2 Clock Stop
Hearing Opinion
180
Decision Decision making phase
Pre Submission
Mandatory Scope ? Optional Scope ?
• Scientific Advice • Pre-Submission queries and meetings • Submission of the application • Appointment of Rappoprteurs • Validation of the Dossier
Scientific Assessment by Rapporteur and Co-Rapporteur - Discussion with CHMP
• Overview (and Conclusions on Benefit/Risk – Issues to be addressed) • Quality • Non-Clinical • Clinical
Marketing Authorisation valid throughout the EU/EEA
Fulfillment of Obligations and PhV RMS
• Accelerated assessment procedure? • Conditional marketing authorisation? • Compassionate use? • Cooperation with WHO ? • PIP ?
GXP I n s p ec t i o s to be p e r f o r m e d? CHMP Peer Review
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• new active substances (unless mandatory for the centralised procedure)
• generic medicinal products to national (and centrally ?) authorised “Reference Medicinal Products” (not applicable for biotechnological medicinal products)
• Informed consent
• Well established use (WEU) (bibliographic applications)
• Line extensions to national authorisations
• Known substances in new combination
• Homeopathics
• Traditional herbal medicinal products
Regulatory Procedures: Scope
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MRP/DCP: National Marketing Authorisation
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Mutual Recognition Procedure (MRP) and Decentralised Procedure (DCP) are methods of work sharing between the MS
• They constitute mandatory Procedures to obtain national MAs in MS’s of the EEA for the same medicinal product:
Regulatory Procedures
• Same qualitative and quantitative active ingredient
• There may be the differences in excipients provided that there is no impact on safety and efficacy
• Same pharmaceutical form, but …
• Link between companies
• all license holders
• all legal entities • (Commission Communication July 1998)
If
and and
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1. Mutual Recognition Procedure (MRP) where the medicinal product has already received in a MS a MA at the time of application
and/or
2. Decentralised Procedure (DCP) where the medicinal product has not received in a MS a MA at the time of application
Regulatory Procedures: Applicability
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Discussion between all MS
90 days
MA RMS
MA RMS
MA CMS
MA CMS
MA CMS
MA CMS
MA RMS
MA CMS
MA CMS
1. MRP 2. DCP RMS
CMSs RMS Applicant Dossier Dossier
CMSs AR, SPC, PL, label
90 days
Final SPC, PL, label
Draft AR, SPC, PL,
label
Final AR, SPC, PL,
label Final AR
Proposal for changes (CMSs)
Dossier
120 days
+
Regulatory Procedures
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Regulatory Procedures: Guidelines European Union basic legislation in the pharmaceutical sector:
“Rules Governing Medicinal Products in the EU”: EUDRALEX
Volume 1 Community legislation Volume 2 The Notice to Applicants NTA
Volume 2A – Procedures for Marketing Authorisation
Volume 2B – Presentation & content of the application dossier
Volume 2C – Regulatory Guidelines (see EMA-website)
Volume 3 Guidelines – Quality, Safety, Efficacy (see EMA-website)
Volume 4 Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products Volume 5- 8 Veterinary issues (mirror image of human medicines) Volume 9 Pharmacovigilance (9A-human; 9B-veterinary) - NOW REPLACED
Volume 10 Good Clinical Practice
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• EMA website: http://ema.europa.eu • Human medicines
• Human guidelines
• General guidance: Guideline Procedure, Regulatory Affairs Guidelines
• CHMP Guidelines: Position Papers, scientific Guidelines, e.g. Safety
• Q, S, E Guidelines are valid for all Procedures
Guidelines
21
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CHMP Working Parties To provide recommendations to the CHMP in
the form of : • Guidelines / Notes for Guidance • Points to consider • Position statements • Public statements
on specific matters related to the quality, efficacy and safety, etc. of medicinal products
To be adopted by the CHMP
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Guidelines
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CHMP Working Party: SWP
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Guidelines
• Problem and /or topic arises: task attributed to SWP • Problem Statement: provided to CHMP • Position Paper: adopted by CHMP (published) • Draft guideline: Rapporteur system: SWP • Provisional adoption: CHMP (published for comments) • Hearing with Interested Parties: SWP • Revision of draft Guideline: SWP • Adoption of Guideline: CHMP • Publication: EMA: announcing implementation date, e.g.:
• CHMP/SWP/1042/99: Repeated dose toxicity
• ICH Guidelines may enter at any stage, e.g.: • CHMP/ICH/174/95: Genotoxicity: Standard battery for testing
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Work plan for the Safety Working Party
Product related issues
Expected contribution in scientific advice
Expected contribution in protocol assistance
Expected contribution in product assessment
Expected contribution in post-authorisation issues
Requests from other working parties, and committees such as CHMP, CAT and HMPC on product related issues.
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CHMP guidelines and related documents Note for guidance on photosafety testing (CPMP/SWP/398/01) Action: The guideline will be developed as ICH topic S10 Comments: Concept Paper for the revision of the guideline adopted by the CHMP in 2Q 2008. Q&A adopted by CHMP in June 2010 Reflection paper on the impact of 3Rs on pharmaceutical testing Action: To be considered in 2011 Reflection/Position paper on available validated biomarkers Action: To be considered in 2011 Comments: Intended to be updated regularly to provide a comprehensive list of validated bimarkers
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CHMP guidelines and related documents The Safety Working Party shall contribute to multidisciplinary guidelines under development, at the request of the CHMP or other working parties, which are identified after adoption of this work plan. • Guideline on the quality, preclinical and clinical aspects of medicinal products
containing genetically modified cells (EMEA/GTWP/58311/2007)
• Revision of the note for guidance on quality, preclinical and clinical aspects of gene transfer medicinal products (CPMP/BWP/3088/99)
• Guideline on quality, non-clinical and clinical aspects of live recombinant viral vectored vaccines (EMEA/CHMP/VWP/141697/2009)
• Guideline on DNA vaccines
• Guideline on the application of the risk-based approach for advanced therapy medicinal products
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CHMP guidelines and related documents • Reflection paper on the non-clinical and clinical aspects of cell-
based products containing stem cells
• Reflection paper on quality, nonclinical and clinical aspects specific to autologous chondrocyte medicinal products
• Guideline on similar biological medicinal products containing monoclonal antibodies
• Guideline on similar biological product containing recombinant interferon beta
• Guideline on similar biological medicinal products containing recombinant follicle stimulation hormone
• Evaluation of pandemic lesson learnt
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CHMP SWP guidelines for revision
• Points to consider on the non-clinical assessment of the carcinogenic
potential of insulin analogues (CPMP/372/01) • Action: Possible revision in 2011 • Comments: The guideline will be updated when ICH S6 is finalised
• Note for guidance on non-clinical tolerance testing of medicinal products (CPMP/SWP/2145/00)
• Environmental risk assessment of medicinal products for human use (EMEA/CHMP/SWP/4447/00)
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CHMP SWP guidelines for revision
• Replacement of animal studies by in vitro models (CPMP/SWP/
728/95)
• Guideline on excipients in the label and package leaflet of medicinal products for human use (CPMP/463/00)
• Note for guidance on pre-clinical pharmacological and toxicological testing of vaccines (CPMP/SWP/465/95)
• Guideline on the investigation of drug interactions (CPMP/EWP/560/95/Rev. 1)
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CHMP/ICH Guidelines and activities The Safety Working Party shall contribute to applicable ICH guidelines under development that are identified after adoption of this work plan. • ICH S2 R1: Guidance on genotoxicity testing and data interpretation for
pharmaceuticals intended for human use
• ICH S6: Preclinical safety evaluation of biotechnology-derived pharmaceuticals
• ICH M3R2: Guidance on the non-clinical safety studies for the conduct of human clinical trials and marketing authorisation for pharmaceuticals
• ICH S10: Guidance on photosafety testing
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CHMP/ICH Guidelines and activities • ICH Q3D: Guidance on heavy metal impurities
• ICH M7: Guidance on genotoxic impurities
• ICH Topic M6: General principles to address viral shedding of gene therapy vector
• ICH E14: The clinical evaluation of QT/QTc interval prolongation and proarrhythmic potential for non-antiarrhythmic drugs
• ICH SX: Non-clinical testing of vaccines
• ICH Brainstorm session on reproduction toxicity
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EU Regulatory Activities • Requests from other scientific committees and working parties
and the HMPC on guidelinerelated issues.
• Medical devices and ancillary medicinal products: data requirements for “Notified body consultations”
• Requests from the European Commission, EDQM and Member States on pharmacotoxicological issues
• Animal Welfare – EU initiatives in the 3Rs (EPAA, ECVAM)
• Assessor’s training (tbc)
• Workshop (tbc)
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Activities with external parties • Drug regulatory authorities outside the EU
- Liaison with FDA and other agencies.
• Meeting with interested parties e.g. learned societies, public health stake holders (public health professionals, patients’ organisations), pharmaceutical industry representatives upon request. - Meetings with the EFPIA Safety Ad Hoc Group. - ILSI HESI - Expansion of the collaboration on the following topics: hepatotoxicity, toxicogenomics, carcinogenicity studies, developmental toxicity (juvenile), cardiac safety, in vitro genotoxicity, environmental risk assessment and association of adjuvants and autoimmunity.
• Critical Path Initiative (US) • Innovative Medicines Initiative (imi) (Europe)
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HARMONISATION OF TECHNICAL
REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION OF PHARMACEUTICALS FOR HUMAN USE
ICH ?
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1960, 1970 >>
Rapid increase in laws, regulation and guidelines for reporting and evaluation the data on quality, safety and efficacy of new medicinal products.
History (1)
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The detailed technical requirements had diverged over time to such extent that industry found it necessary to duplicate many time-consuming and expensive test procedures, in order to be able to market new products internationally.
History (2)
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• Harmonisation of regulatory requirements was pioneered by the European Community in the 1980ies
• Europe demonstrated that harmonisation was feasible.
History (3)
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• Birthday April 1990, at a meeting hosted by EFPIA in Brussels
• Representatives of the regulatory agencies and industry associations of Europe, Japan and the USA met and agreed
• ICH Steering Committee was established
History (4)
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1 week to month Up to 3 months 3 months and longer
INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR THE DURATION OF ANIMAL TOXICITY STUDIES - 1986
0
5
10
15
20
Proposed human exposure
Ani
mal
exp
osur
e (m
onth
s)
EC
Japan
Canada
USA
From: R. Walker, DIA Symposium, Tokyo, October 1990 R. Baß 23-10-2012 39
• Topics selected for harmonisation would be divided into Quality, Safety and Efficacy
• Six-party Expert Working Groups (EWGs) for each topic
• EWGs meet in the same week as the Steering Committee and report on their progress
Early meetings
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HARMONISATION OF TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION
OF PHARMACEUTICALS FOR HUMAN USE
ICH 1 - Brussels, November 1991 ICH 2 - Orlando, October 1993 ICH 3 - Yokohama, November 1995 ICH 4 - Brussels, July 1997
ICH 5 - San Diego, November 2000
ICH 6 - Osaka, November 2003
International Conference on Harmonisation
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Improving Regulatory Success of the nonclinical parts of the CTD
§ CTD as facilitator or setting the stage and requirements ?
§ CTD setting straight your mind or compiling the „Dossier“ ?
§ CTD compilation as a last-minute exercise or slotting in reports as they come (and continuously assessing the „new situation“) ?
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International Conference on Harmonisation
42
• Remove the need to duplicate studies – Avoid repetition of clinical studies – Reduce animal usage – Make research more economical
• Harmonise application of requirements – Definitions – Presentation of documentation
• Bring new medicines to the market sooner
Targets of harmonisation
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• New types of medicinal product Proposals for guidelines to cover new products resulting from advances in technology and techniques for producing medicines (e.g., products arising from gene therapy and other developments in biotechnological and genomic research);
• Lack of harmonisation in current technical requirements Proposals for further harmonsisation of existing requirements (e.g., as a result of work on the Common Technical Document);
• Transition to technically improved testing procedures Proposals for action to facilitate the replacement of currently established testing procedures to more efficient and economical methods where these provide equal or better assurance to the safety and/or quality of new drug products.
Proposals for harmonisation (1)
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Proposals for harmonisation (2)
• Review of an existing ICH Guideline Proposals for significant changes to the technical aspects of an ICH Guideline or proposals for a major addition to the guideline.
• Maintenance of an existing ICH Guideline Proposals for relatively minor modification, updating clarification or review of ICH agreements to take account of either problems with implementation, new information or new scientific knowledge.
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• Trade Associations EFPIA European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations JPMA Japanese Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association PhRMA Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers Association (USA)
• Regulatory Authorities European Union: Commission and appropriate 'Parties'
(CHMP, QWP, BQWP, EWP, SWP, PhVWP) Japan Ministry of Health and Welfare and appropriate expert support
(MHLW, NIHS, Universities) USA Food and Drug Administration and appropriate expert support
(regulatory communication, efficacy, safety, quality - review staff, expert leads - CDER/CBER chief officers)
• Oberservers Canada, EFTA, WHO
• “Umbrella” Organisation, ICH Secretariat IFPMA: International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations
Organisation: Parties to ICH
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Technical Discussions in EWG
STEP 1: DEVELOPMENT OF CONSENSUS
1
EWP = Expert Working Group R. Baß 23-10-2012 47
STEP 2: CONSENSUS TEXT RELEASED
FOR CONSULTATION
Technical Discussions in EWG
Consensus Achieved
1
2
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STEP 3: CONSULTATION OUTSIDE ICH
Technical Discussions in EWG
Consensus Achieved
Formal Consultation
1
2
3
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STEP 4: ICH GUIDELINE FINALIZED
Technical Discussions in EWG
Consensus Achieved
Formal Consultation
Finalized Text
1
2
3
4
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THE FIVE ICH STEPS
Technical Discussions in EWG
Consensus Achieved
Formal Consultation
Finalized Text
Implementation
1
2
3
4
5
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ICH No.
Title CPMP Doc. No. Step
S1A The Need for Carcinogenicity Studies of Pharmaceuticals
CPMP/ICH/140/95 Step 5
S1B Carcinogenicity: Testing for Carcinogenicity of Pharmaceuticals
CPMP/ICH/299/95 Step 5
S1C (R2)
Carcinogenicity: Dose selection for carcinogenicity studies of pharmaceuticals
EMEA/CHMP/ICH/383/95
Step 5
Guidelines - Safety
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ICH No.
Title CPMP Doc. No. Step
S2A Genotoxicity: Guidance on Specific Aspects of Regulatory Genotoxicity Tests for Pharmaceuticals
CPMP/ICH/141/95 Step 5
S2B Genotoxicity: A Standard Battery for Genotoxicity Testing of Pharmaceuticals
CPMP/ICH/174/95 Step 5
S2 (R1)
Guidance on Genotoxicity Testing and Data Interpretation for Pharmaceuticals Intended for Human Use
CHMP/ICH/126642/08
Step 5
Guidelines - Safety (cont.)
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ICH No.
Title CPMP Doc. No. Step
S3A Toxicokinetics: A Guidance for Assessing Systemic Exposure in Toxicology Studies
CPMP/ICH/384/95 Step 5
S3B Pharmacokinetics: Guidance for Repeated Dose Tissue Distribution Studies
CPMP/ICH/385/95 Step 5
S4A Duration of Chronic Toxicity Testing in Animals (Rodent and non Rodent Toxicity Testing)
CPMP/ICH/300/95 Step 5
S5 (R2) Reproductive Toxicology: Detection of Toxicity to Reproduction for Medicinal Products + Male Fertility
CPMP/ICH/386/95 Step 5
S6 (R1) Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Biotechnology-Derived Products
CPMP/ICH/302/95 Step 5
Guidelines - Safety (cont.)
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Guidelines - Safety (cont.)
ICH No. Title CPMP Doc. No. Step S7A Safety Pharmacology Studies for
Human Pharmaceuticals CPMP/ICH/539/00 Step 5
S7B Non-Clinical Studies for Assessing Risk of Repolarisation – Associated Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia for Human Pharmaceuticals
CPMP/ICH/423/02 Step 5
S8 Immunotoxicology Studies EMEA/CHMP/ 167235/2004-ICH
Step 5
S9 Nonclinical Development of Oncology Pharmaceuticals
CHMP/ICH/646197/08
Step 5
S 10 Photosafety Step 0
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Guidelines - Multidisciplinary
ICH No.
Title CPMP Doc. No. Step
M3 (M) Non-Clinical Safety Studies for the Conduct of Human Clinical Trials for Pharmaceuticals (Modification)
CPMP/ICH/286/95 Step 5
M3 (R2)
Non-Clinical Safety Studies for the Conduct of Human Clinical Trials for Pharmaceuticals
Step 5
M7 Genotoxic Impurities Step 0
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Other Guidelines - Safety • CPMP/QWP/1719/00 rec on safety requirements added 2008 • CHMP/SWP/28367/07 first in-human trials • CPMP/SWP/91850/06 Environmental risk assessment • CPMP/SWP/799/95 „mixed applications“ • CHMP/SWP/258498/05 Fixed combinations • CPMP/SWP/1094/04 Evaluation of control samples • CPMP/3097/02 Comparability – biotech proteins • CPMP/QWP/159/01 Use of ethylene oxide • CPMP/465/95 Vaccines • 3CC29A Chiral active substances • CHMP/SWP/199726/04 Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide • CPMP/818/97 Phenolphthalein ca. potential • CPMP/SWP/2592/02 Rev 1 genetically modified animal models for ca. testing • CPMP/SWP/372/01 Human insulin analogues ca. testing • CHMP/203927/08 RA Repro/Lactation: from data to labelling • CHMP/SWP/169215/05 Juvenile animals – paed. indications • CHMP/SWP/2600/01 Human insulin analogues repro. Testing • CPMP/SWP/2145/00 Local tolerance • CHMP/SWP/150115/06 Drug-nduced hepatotxicity • CHMP/SWP/94227/04 Dependence potential • CPMP/SWP/398/01 Photosafety testing • CPMP/2278/00 Addicition/dependence/withdrawal – SSRIs
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• Improved Regulatory Cooperation – atmosphere of mutual confidence and trust
• Globalisation of EU standards – GCP – Periodic Safety Updates Reports – Genotoxicity – Impurities
• Scientific perspective – ICH Guidelines are robust – greater scientific value
Advantages (1)
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• Trade effects – Increase of market penetration of EU companies in
other regions – Potential trade conflicts have been avoided
because of enhanced co-operation • Political perspectives
– Active participation of the EU – Investment in the EU, such as pharmaceutical
research and development • Reduction of duplication and resources
– Reduced duplication of testing – Reduced number of animals
Advantages (2)
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Animal Use for Toxicological Studies
From: C. E. Lumley and H. van Cauteren, 1997
Before ICH1 After ICH4 Single dose toxicity (2 routes) 2 Rodent
1 Non-rodent 200-300 16-32 50-100
0 Repeated-dose sub-chronic 1st duration ( eg 1 month)
Rodent Non-rodent
2nd duration ( eg 3 months) Rodent Non-rodent
Recovery Rodent Non-rodent
80 24
160 32
200 40
*160 32
0 0 0
40 Repeated-dose chronic 1 st duration ( eg 6 or 9 months)
Rodent Non-rodent
2nd duration ( eg 12 months) Rodent Non-rodent
160 32
160 32
160 32
0 0
Reproduction Segment I rat eg Japanese style eg US/EU style
Segment II rat eg Japanese style eg US/EU style
Segment II rabbit Segment III rat
192 96
96+48 96 60 96
192 0 0
96 60 96
Carcinogenicity 1st species ( eg rat) 2nd species ( eg mouse) Medium or short-term study
400-500 500 400-500
500 160
TOTAL 2720-2936 1478-1583 *Excludes offspring and dose-range finding studies
Advantages (3)
0
R. Baß 23-10-2012 60
• Non-ICH Countries • Legitimacy of ICH ICH representing countries: 15% of the world population, and 90% of the pharmaceutical worldwide sale • Legitimacy of WHO To establish global standards has been embodied in WHO‘s constitution adopted in 1946
Disadvantages(1)
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• Resources – ~ 20 European regulatory experts to be out of their
offices (for two periods of one week every year)
– > 20 European regulatory experts involved in background preparatory and consulting work (for many periods, every year)
Disadvantages (2)
R. Baß 23-10-2012 62
• Relative US dominance – FDA tends to play a dominant role – Language advantage
• Approach taken by Japanese – Some topics with little EU interest
• Implementation problems – Delay in the other regions, in some cases for
legal reasons – additional explanations, e.g. repeated dose
testing in non-rodents in US
Disadvantages (3)
R. Baß 23-10-2012 63
• Global co-operation
• Co-operation between regulators
• Topics which can be legally implemented
• Continuation of maintenance process
• New technologies
• Implementation and monitoring of the CTD
Future (1)
R. Baß 23-10-2012 64
New technologies / Topics • Pharmacovigilance • Gene therapy • Cell therapy • Pharmacogenomics
– Need of additional experts? – Need of brainstorming meetings?
• Need of other documents, like 'points to consider'?
Future (2)
R. Baß 23-10-2012 65
Internet
ICH guidelines www.ich.org IFPMA www.ifpma.org EMEA www.ema.europa.eu EU www.pharmacos.eudra.org FDA www.fda.gov MHLW www.mhlw.go.jp EFPIA www.efpia.org JPMA www.jpma.or.jp PhRMA www.phrma.org
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Place and Value of the CTD
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Arriving at relevant statements
Readability, interpretation Problems within and beyond Non-clinical
Reports created and presented according to Guidelines and GLP Data as reported
Administrative Non-scientific Highest level of abstraction: SmPC, PIL, Labelling
Non-clinical narrative, summaries, tables and interpretation
67
Module 1
Regional Administrative
Information 1.0
Nonclinical Overview
2.4
Nonclinical Summary
2.6
Clinical Overview
2.5
Clinical Summary
2.7
Quality Overall
Summary 2.3
Module 3 Quality
3.0
Module 4 Nonclinical
Study Reports
4.0
Module 5 Clinical Study
Reports 5.0
Not part of CTD
CTD Module 2
ICH Common Technical Document
CTD Table of Contents 2.1
CTD Introduction 2.2
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THANK YOU
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