On Oral PresentationOn Oral Presentation

Communicative and InteractiveCommunicative and Interactive

Tsong P. Perng （ 彭宗平）Yuan Ze University

2006/1/14

Your presentation should be educationally sound.

Careful and complete preparation is well worth your effort.

From audience’s point of view

Do they follow you?

Are you successful?

If I were the audience, can I

See clearly?

Hear clearly?

Understand clearly?

Talk to the audience

Watch them

Make eye contact

Understand your assignment

Program’s scope and purposeWho are other speakersWho are the audienceHow to fit into the program

Go directly to your subject

A two-minute introductory statement explainingthe organization of your talk is helpful.

Use visual aids

Both see and hear can be phenomenal

Don’t use pages from a book or small type script

Use the pointer properly

Delivery

Plan carefully, do not read your talk

Speak loudly and slowly for all to hear

Budget your time

Refer other helpful sources of information

End with a bang -- not a yawn

Important DON’Ts

Do not use profanity or tell off-color stories

Never apologize--YOU are selected and the audience is there to hear you.

Do not attack

Do not read your talk

You cannot over-prepare

Audiences are always appreciative of well- prepared and carefully presented lectures.

Guidelines for visual aids

Use an outline format

Limit the amount of information on each viewgraph

Use a large print size

Do not use all capital letters (too difficult to read)

Test your viewgraph by walking to back of the roomand reading them

Design the viewgraphs

One message each page

More explanation, less wording

More symbols, fewer words

Fewer, simpler equations

Simpler caption for the figures

Organized sequence

Case Study

• Nanotechnology is concerned with materials and systems whose structures and components exhibit novel and significantly improved physical, chemical and biological properties, phenomena, and processes due to their nanoscale size.

• The goal is to exploit these properties by gaining control of structures and devices at atomic, molecular, and supramolecular levels and to learn to efficiently manufacture and use these devices.

• Maintaining the stability of interfaces and the integration of these “nanostructures” at micronlength and macroscopic scales are all keys to success.

NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY1

• Nanotechnology is concerned with materials

and systems whose structures and

components exhibit novel and significantly

improved physical, chemical and biological

properties, phenomena, and processes due to

their nanoscale size.

NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY

• The goal is to exploit these properties by

gaining control of structures and devices at

atomic, molecular, and supramolecular levels

and to learn to efficiently manufacture and

use these devices.

NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY

• Maintaining the stability of interfaces and the

integration of these “nanostructures” at

micronlength and macroscopic scales are all

keys to success.

NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY

下一個對產業的巨大衝擊 將來自於非常非常非常小尺寸技術的 操縱與掌控

~ Nano Technology ~

• “Nanotechnology’s contribution to the health and welfare of mankind will

be no less than the aggregated contribution of micro-electronics ,

medical imaging , computer aided engineering and artificial polymers.”

-- The Nobel laureate Richard Smalley --

•“Nanotechnology will replace our entire manufacturing base with a new,

radically more precise, radically less expensive, and radically more

flexible way of making products.” -- Dr. Ralph Merkle , the Principal

Fellow for Zyvex company --

•“Just like the information revolution in the 70s of 20th century,

nanotechnology will become the core technology in the era of

Information Technology” -- The Chief Scientist Armstrong for IBM --

NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY

• “Nanotechnology’s contribution to the health and welfare of mankind will be no less than the aggregated contribution of micro-electronics , medical imaging , computer aided engineering and artificial polymers.”

-- The Nobel laureate Richard Smalley --

NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY

•“Just like the information revolution in the 70s of 20th century, nanotechnology will become the core technology in the era of Information Technology”

-- The Chief Scientist Armstrong for IBM --

NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY

下一個對產業的巨大衝擊 將來自於非常非常非常小尺寸技術的 操縱與掌控

~ Nano Technology ~

NANOTECHNOLOGYNANOTECHNOLOGY

奈米材料特性◆ 表面效應：奈米材料顆粒表面積相對增大，具有高表面能之不安定原子，極易與 外來原子吸附鍵結，因此奈米超微粒子是作為觸媒之最佳材料。◆ 熔點：奈米材料顆粒表面原子處於不安定狀態，使其表面晶格震動之振幅較大， 所以具有較高之表面能量，造成奈米材料顆粒熔點下降，比傳統粉末容易在較低 溫度燒結，為良好之燒結促進材料。◆ 磁性：常見之磁性物質均屬多磁區之集合體，當材料顆粒尺寸小至無法區分出其 磁區時，即形成單磁區之磁性物質，成為特殊磁性材料。◆ 光學性質：奈米材料顆粒粒徑遠小於光波波長，與入射光產生複雜之交互作用。 對金屬材料而言，可得易吸收光的黑色金屬超微粒子，與一般高反射率金屬膜形 成強烈對比。

奈米材料特性

◆ 表面效應

◆ 熔點

◆ 磁性

◆ 光學性質

美國 IBM 科學家利用 STM 探針移動原子，形成文字或圖形，可視為最尖端之記憶機制，同時也可研究原子尺度之電子行為，圖中原子所形成的柵欄內，即可觀察到電子的所產生的量子駐波。 (http://www.almaden.ibm.com/vis/stm)

原 子 操 縱 術

(http://www.almaden.ibm.com/vis/stm)

原 子 操 縱 術

小 尖大

小大二 奈

一奈米有多長 ?

十億分之一米

頭髮直徑

50μm = 5 萬 nm

指甲每秒鐘長 2 奈米 1 天 = 86400 秒 5 天 = 432000 秒1x10-3m / 432000s = 2x10-9m/s

一個原子有多大 ?氫 0.09nm碳 0.15nm鐵 0.25nm銅 0.25nm

Nanostructured Materials

0-D: nanoparticle, quantum dot1-D: nanotube, nanowire2-D: nanofilm3-D: bulk, composite

Novel PropertiesNovel Properties

• Physical properties– Optical

– Electronic

– Magnetic

– Thermal

• Chemical properties

• Mechanical properties

• Biological properties

Preparation MethodsPreparation Methods

• Physical method– Thermal evaporation– Sputtering

• Chemical method– Chemical precipitation– Chemical vapor deposition– Sol-gel

• Mechanical method - High-energy ball milling

• Biological method

Nano-scale Effects

Quantum (size) effect

Surface (interface) effect

囚人 木 困

Nanocrystalline MaterialsNanocrystalline Materials

Particle size (nm) Number of atoms Atoms on surface (%)

10 30000 20

5 4000 40

2 250 80

1 30 99

G=H-TS dG=VdP-SdT+dA size: 1-100 nm large surface area and surface energy

(1)γnano≠γbulk

(2)γ ＝ f (radius, shape,…)

(3)γ ＝ f (surface modification)

Be Happy!!

Thank you for your attention