open science: redefining operant conditioning; pkc and motorneurons

OPEN NEUROSCIENCE VIA AUTOMATIC PUBLICATION OF DIGITAL DATA:

FROM LOCOMOTION TO OPERANT "SELF-LEARNING" IN DROSOPHILA

Julien Colomb Freie Universität Berlin

PLAN• World- and self-learning: redefining operant learning


• PKC, motorneurons and self-learning



• Open science: philosophy and practice




Figshare and Rfigshare




Figshare and Rfigshare

Locomotion data and self-learning data

OPERANT CONDITIONING: DISSOCIABLE LEARNING TYPES

“A process of behavior modification in which the likelihood of a specific behavior is increased or decreased through positive or negative reinforcement” ?

OPERANT CONDITIONING: DISSOCIABLE LEARNING TYPES

“A process of behavior modification in which the likelihood of a specific behavior is increased or decreased through positive or negative reinforcement” ?

Tolman, 1946

Place learningResponse learning

METHOD

Brembs and Plendel, 2008

PROTOCOL

• 7 blocks of 2 minutes

• PI = proportion of time spent performing the “safe” behavior

• self-learning assessed during the last test period

• statistics = for each group, non-parametric, higher than 0 ?

SELF-LEARNING ONLYDissecting world- and self-learning

Colomb and Brembs, 2010

DROSOPHILA FLIGHT SIMULATORDissecting world- and self-learning

Colomb and Brembs, 2010

Mendoza et al., unpublished

THE WHAT AND WHERE OF

SELF-LEARNING

• Which PKC is involved

• In which neurons is PKC involved

GENETIC TOOLS

UAS-GAL4 SYSTEM: SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL

CONTROL


CONTROL• PKCi


CONTROL• PKCi

• RNAi

RESULTS

WHICH PKC ?No conclusive results

LOCALISATION OF PKC ACTIONPKC inhibition:

only during test only in certain neurons

POSITIVE CONTROLheat shock protocol for the TARGET system using a pan-neuronal Gal4

FIRST SCREENnot in central brain, in glutamatergic neurons

MOTORNEURONS

ANATOMICAL CONFIRMATION: IN PROGRESS

Gal4 lines crossed to a UAS-CD8GFP antibody staining: anti-GFP , anti-dvGlut

DISCUSSION

DISCUSSION

• Motorneurons as probable site of plasticity for self-learning

DISCUSSION


• Interaction self-/world-learning: probably different neuronal site

DISCUSSION


• Interaction self-/world-learning: probably different neuronal site

• Then why different molecular substrate? Different cellular correlates?

INVOLVES MOTORNEURON INTRINSIC PLASTICITYAiko K. Thompson,, Xiang Yang Chen, and Jonathan R. Wolpaw, 2009

HAS THERAPEUTIC APPLICATION IN HUMANThompson AK, Pomerantz FR, Wolpaw JR., 2013

OPEN SCIENCE BY DEFAULTMaking scientific research, data and dissemination accessible to all levels of an inquiring

society, amateur or professional.

BURIDAN’S PARADIGMAssess locomotor behavior

12 VARIABLES CALCULATEDMedian speed Speed of the animal while walking (median)

Mean distance travelled Distance travelled during the experiment divided by the length of the experiment.Turning angle median of the angle difference between two movement

Meander median of the turning angle divided by instantaneous speed

thigmotaxis while moving proportion of time spent moving on the edge of the platform versus the center of the platform (equal surfaces)

thigmotaxis while sitting proportion of time spent not moving on the edge of the platform versus the center of the platform (equal surfaces)

Stripe deviation Median deviation angle between walking direction and direction toward the stripesNumber of walks number of times a fly walk between the two stripes during the experiment

number of pauses number of times a fly made a pause (longer than 1s) during the experimentactivity bouts duration Median length of activity phases

pause length Median length of pausestotal time active sum of the length of activity phases during the experiment

DIFFERENT SUB-STRAINS OF CS (WILD TYPE) FLIES.

CENTROID TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS

CENTROID TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS

Automatic publication

API

The figshare API allows you to push data to figshare, or pull data out. This first version is a basic implementation that allows you to manage your figshare account or build applications on top of the figshare platform and public research.

Rfigshare from Ropensci team

http://ropensci.org/ :

!

2013 RopenSci challenge

http://ropensci.org/

DIFFICULTIES

• Metadata format: include more types of trajectory data

• Is Figshare the right platform for this, wouldn't be a git based solution better?

OPEN SCIENCE AND THE SELF-LEARNING SETUP

DATA PUBLICATION

• Get all data on the same format

• all results in one file

• link metadata and raw torque data

• Publish on Figshare

http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.830423


DATA PUBLICATION

• Get all data on the same format

• all results in one file

• link metadata and raw torque data

• Publish on Figshare


One metadatafile


CONCLUSION: R AND DATA ANALYSIS


1. Graphical representation and statistics



2. Reproducible data analysis




3. Graphs & data publishable on Figshare




3. Graphs & data publishable on Figshare

4. Automatic publication/archivage of the data and results, during analysis

ACKNOWLEDGMENTSDirect collaborators:

Bjoern Brembs

Axel Gorostiza

!

Reagents, machine, software and flies:

M. Heisenberg, H. Aberle, C. Duch, T. Preat, H. Scholz, J. Wessnitzer, T. Colomb, S. Sigrist, B.v.Swinderen.

FoxP project:

H.J. Pflüger, C. Scharff, A. Mendoza, T. Zars

open science: redefining operant conditioning; pkc and motorneurons

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