part 2 – parts of personality chapter 7 – the conscious self part 2, chapter 6 - vocabulary...
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Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
Self
Part 2, Chapter 6 - Vocabulary
These flashcards have been designed as a study tool to assist in your mastery of each chapter’s vocabulary and accompanying concepts.
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For use in conjunction with: Personality: A Systems Approach, By John D. Mayer
Copyright © 2007 Allyn & Bacon Mayer’s Personality: A Systems ApproachFlashcards by Rebecca Disbrow
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
Self
Self-As-Knower
According to William James, a person’s innermost aware identity. It watches with consciousness, and exerts will where useful.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
Self
Ego
The portion of the mind that includes a conscious sense of self and capable of rational thought and self-control. Although originally a psychodynamic concept, the term is now used in a number of theoretical orientations.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Dialogical Self A type of consciousness that
switches between one’s model of one’s own self and mental models of other people. As the dialogical self switches its focus its focus to models of oneself or others, it animates the given model, bringing it imaginatively to life as if the person were there, talking or acting.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Self-Awareness
A type of awareness, in which the topic, or subject, of awareness is awareness itself; that is, reflective awareness.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Access to Information
In the study of consciousness, the state in which conscious awareness can obtain information, retrieve it, or attend to it, as opposed to being blocked off from information.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Sentience
A state of being someone, of possessing internal, subjective experience.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Subjective Realism
A school of philosophy according to which the subjective experience of consciousness is real and is generated by the physical and mental organism that experiences consciousness.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Bicameral Mind A descriptor of the human mind, bicameral refers
to the fact that the mind is dependent upon the right and left hemispheres of the brain, which do things in different ways and may not be fully integrated, even in the recent past. In the early bicameral mind, according to Julian Jaynes, before about 300 BCE, people did not realize that one part of the brain (speech production) can talk internally to the other (speech reception). As such, this internal speech was misinterpreted as coming from sources outside the individual, such as gods and apparitions.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
Self
Will
That part of the mind that exerts conscious, intentional, control over thoughts and actions.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Free Will
The idea that people can exercise self-control in a fashion at least partly independent from any causal influences, and stemming from their own independent judgment.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Determinism
The belief that all action in the universe, including human action, has already been set in motion at the beginning of time, with each event caused by the events that have come before, and, as consequence, that all human behavior is preordained.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Experimental Confederate
(or Confederate) A research assistant who
impersonates a research participant in front of other research participants, while actually following predetermined instructions of the experimenter.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Agencies
Central parts of the mind distinguished by the fact that they are self-regulating, partly autonomous, and exert influences on the rest of personality.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Semi-Autonomous
Operating partly on their own; partly following their own rules independently of other influences.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Dissociative Disorders
A group of psychiatric disorders characterized by sudden alterations in identity and its history. Portions of identity may be lost or regained, or many identities may arise.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
This is a contemporary psychiatric diagnosis for what used to be called Multiple Personality Disorder. In it, a person may alternate among two or more personalities (or identities) over time, with no true central personality.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Alter
A contraction of “alternate personality” – the personalities that appear in Dissociative Identity Disorder.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Id
An older psychodynamic concept referring to a collection of animal instincts, desires, and motives that operate in the mind.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Unconscious That portion of the mind outside of a
person’s awareness. Social-cognitive theory emphasizes that it is evolutionarily adaptive for many processes to be outside of awareness. Psychodynamic theory emphasizes that some motivational and emotional processes are painful and threatening, and are purposively avoided by consciousness.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Conscious
Awareness, reflective observing of the inner mind.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Superego
A portion of the mind that grows out of the ego and contains both an ideal self and the conscience.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Qualia (sing. Quale)
Elements, or an element, of consciousness – individual thoughts, feelings, and urges, or, images, tastes, and sounds.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Intrinsic Motivation
A type of motivation in which the process of carrying out an activity is rewarding to an individual in-and-of-itself, aside from any outside reward.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Extrinsic Motivation
A type of motivation in which a person’s activities are carried out in order to obtain an outside reward such as social recognition or money.
Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious
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Amotivation
The lack of any type of motivation to carry out activities or tasks.